Liquid distribution device, heat exchanger and air conditioner

Abstract

The present invention discloses a liquid distribution device, a heat exchanger and an air conditioner, comprising: a cylinder, an inner cylinder arranged in the cylinder, a refrigerant outlet arranged on the upper part of the cylinder, and a refrigerant inlet arranged on one side of the cylinder, so that the refrigerant spirally flows along the liquid distribution space formed by the interval between the cylinder and the inner cylinder. The conical cylinder type liquid distribution device of the present invention makes full use of the centrifugal collision separation of the spiral flow at the inlet and the secondary gravity sedimentation separation according to the different densities of the gas phase and the liquid phase in the refrigerant gas-liquid mixture, and effectively intercepts a small amount of droplets entrained in the upward airflow, and the single liquid phase refrigerant is evenly distributed at the bottom. Compared with the pressurized gas-liquid two-phase common liquid distribution, this single-phase gravity liquid distributor that first performs gas-liquid separation and then evenly distributes the liquid has a small pressure drop in the distribution liquid and a more uniform distribution of the refrigerant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of air conditioning, and in particular to a liquid distribution device, a heat exchanger and an air conditioner. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of the green and efficient refrigeration action plan, high-efficiency and energy-saving equipment will become the mainstream choice in the market. In large commercial chillers, the heat exchanger is the "heart" of the system heat exchange, and its heat transfer performance seriously affects the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger. In commercial chillers, commonly used evaporators include dry evaporators, flooded evaporators and falling film evaporators. The falling film evaporator has high heat exchange efficiency and low refrigerant consumption, and meets the development needs of "green and efficient". It is gradually being promoted and used by air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment manufacturers.

[0003] Conventional horizontal tube falling film evaporators are mostly used in large chillers, while small units mostly use spiral tube falling film due to size and cost limitations. Whether it is horizontal tube falling film or spiral tube falling film, since it mainly forms a uniform liquid film on the surface of the heat exchange tube for efficient evaporation and heat exchange, the key factors affecting its heat exchange performance are the liquid film formation on the surface of the heat exchange tube. Moreover, since the liquid distributor directly affects the film distribution of the top row of tubes, it has a significant impact on the film distribution of the entire tube bundle. Therefore, for falling film heat exchangers, the design of the liquid distributor is crucial and directly affects the overall comprehensive performance of the heat exchanger. The existing liquid distributor needs to be equipped with an additional gas-liquid separation device, resulting in a large liquid distribution space and a less compact structure. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem of low liquid distribution efficiency of the liquid distributor in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a liquid distribution device, a heat exchanger and an air conditioner.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The present invention proposes a liquid distributing device, comprising: a shell, a liquid distributing assembly arranged in the shell, a liquid distributing space surrounding the liquid distributing assembly formed between the shell and the liquid distributing assembly, a refrigerant outlet is arranged on the upper part of the shell, and a refrigerant inlet is arranged on one side of the shell so that the refrigerant can flow spirally along the liquid distributing space.

[0007] Furthermore, the shell is a cylinder that is closed at the top and bottom, and the liquid distribution assembly includes an inner cylinder arranged in the shell, and the inner cylinder is through-through and tapered, so that the volume of the liquid distribution space gradually decreases from top to bottom. A baffle is provided on the top of the inner cylinder, and the outer periphery of the baffle is spaced from the inner wall of the cylinder, and the refrigerant outlet is provided on the top of the cylinder. A liquid equalizing plate is connected between the bottom of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the cylinder, and there are flow equalizing holes on the liquid equalizing plate. A plurality of the flow equalizing holes are arranged at least in one circle along the liquid equalizing plate, and a protrusion is provided at the interval between two adjacent flow equalizing holes, and the recessed areas between all the protrusions are connected to form a flow channel connecting the flow equalizing holes.

[0008] Preferably, the number of turns of the flow-balancing holes corresponds to the number of layers of the spiral tube.

[0009] Furthermore, the spiral tube in the cylinder for exchanging heat with the refrigerant is arranged below the inner cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the refrigerant flow direction of the refrigerant inlet is vertical and deviates from the central axis of the cylinder.

[0011] The present invention also provides a heat exchanger, comprising the above-mentioned liquid distribution device.

[0012] The present invention also provides an air conditioner, comprising the above-mentioned heat exchanger.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the conical cylinder liquid distribution device of the present invention makes full use of the centrifugal collision separation (also called inertial separation) of the spiral flow at the inlet and the secondary gravity sedimentation separation according to the different densities of the gas phase and the liquid phase in the refrigerant gas-liquid mixture, and effectively intercepts a small amount of droplets entrained in the upward airflow, and the single liquid phase refrigerant is evenly distributed at the bottom. Compared with the pressurized gas-liquid two-phase co-liquid distribution, this single-phase gravity liquid distributor that first separates the gas and liquid and then evenly distributes the liquid has a small pressure drop in the distribution liquid and a more uniform distribution of the refrigerant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the liquid distributing assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the heat exchange coil in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the liquid balancing plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the liquid balancing plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the liquid balancing plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] 1. Cylinder; 2. Water side inlet; 3. Water side outlet; 4. Upper cover; 5. Refrigerant outlet; 6. Refrigerant inlet; 7. Lower cover; 8. Heat exchange coil; 9. Liquid distribution assembly; 91. Inner cylinder; 91. Liquid equalizing plate; 92. Inner cylinder; 93. Baffle; 911. First protrusion; 913. Outer ring equalizing hole; 914. Annular flow channel; 915. Inner ring equalizing hole; 916. Second protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] The principle and structure of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention proposes a liquid distribution device, including: a shell and a liquid distribution component 9, the shell is a cylindrical barrel 1, the top and bottom of the barrel 1 are closed, and a refrigerant outlet 5 is provided on the top, which can be connected to the air outlet pipe. The liquid distribution component 9 includes an inner barrel 92 arranged in the barrel 1, the inner barrel 92 is coaxially arranged with the barrel 1, a ring-shaped spacing area is formed between the inner barrel 92 and the barrel 1, and a refrigerant inlet 6 is provided on one side of the barrel 1 at a height corresponding to the spacing area, so that the spacing area between the inner barrel 92 and the barrel 1 forms a liquid distribution space, and the refrigerant entering from the refrigerant inlet 6 flows spirally in the liquid distribution space to complete gas-liquid separation (collision separation or inertial separation), and the gaseous refrigerant in the mixture and the refrigerant droplets entrained therein flow spirally upward under the action of inertial force and buoyancy force, and the large-size droplets entrained in the gaseous refrigerant drip downward after gravity sedimentation.

[0026] The specific structure of the shell is as follows: a circular upper cover plate 4 is provided on the top of the cylinder 1 to close the top of the cylinder 1, and a refrigerant outlet 5 connected to the air outlet pipe is provided on the upper cover plate 4. A circular lower cover plate 7 is provided on the bottom of the cylinder 1 to close the bottom of the cylinder 1. The structure of the shell can also be in other forms as long as a liquid distribution space that can flow spirally can be formed.

[0027] The inner cylinder 92 is through-through from top to bottom and is conical (specifically, it can be a truncated cone), that is, the radial cross-section gradually increases from top to bottom, so that the volume of the annular liquid distribution space gradually decreases from top to bottom, so that the liquid refrigerant flows spirally downward, while the gaseous refrigerant flows spirally upward, and the primary inertial separation of the refrigerant gas-liquid mixture and the secondary sedimentation separation of the droplets are completed in this space.

[0028] The refrigerant inlet 6 is connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the axial direction of the liquid inlet pipe is the flow direction of the refrigerant, which is perpendicular to and deviates from the central axis of the cylinder 1, so that the refrigerant automatically rotates along the annular liquid distribution space after entering from the refrigerant inlet 6, and the greater the distance that the refrigerant flow direction deviates from the central axis of the cylinder 1, the better the centrifugal effect.

[0029] The liquid distribution assembly 9 further includes an annular baffle 93 disposed on the top of the inner cylinder 92 and an annular liquid balancing plate 91 disposed on the bottom of the inner cylinder 92, and the liquid balancing plate 91 is parallel to the baffle 93, as follows:

[0030] The baffle 93 is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder 1, and there is a gap between the baffle 93 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1. After the gaseous refrigerant flows upward in a spiral, it hits the baffle 93 and then turns to separate the small droplets entrained in the gas phase. After the turn, the gaseous refrigerant continues to flow upward from the gap between the baffle 93 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 and flows out from the refrigerant outlet 5 at the top.

[0031] The liquid balancing plate 91 connects the outer wall of the inner cylinder 92 with the inner wall of the cylinder 1. The liquid balancing plate 91 is provided with a plurality of flow balancing holes. The liquid refrigerant flowing downward needs to pass through the flow balancing holes to reach the bottom area of ​​the cylinder 1 to make the liquid distribution uniform. The bottom area of ​​the cylinder 1 is installed with a heat exchange coil 8, i.e., a spiral tube. The water side inlet 2 and the water side outlet 3 of the heat exchange coil 8 pass through the side of the shell. The flow balancing holes are arranged in a ring at intervals, i.e., multiple circles are set along the ring-shaped liquid balancing plate 91, and each circle of flow balancing holes is set concentrically with the inner edge or outer edge of the liquid balancing plate 91.

[0032] The number of turns of the flow-balancing holes corresponds to the number of layers of the spiral tube. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the number of turns of the flow-balancing holes is two, and the spiral tube is a double-layer spiral tube. The number of turns of the flow-balancing holes can also be set to other numbers, all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] The hot water entering the double-layer spiral tube from the water side inlet 2 is gradually evaporated and absorbed by the liquid refrigerant on the outer surface of the tube, and the temperature gradually decreases. The required low-temperature water is discharged through the water side outlet 3.

[0034] In order to enable the liquid refrigerant to flow quickly to the equalizing holes, a plurality of protrusions are provided on the equalizing plate 91, and the protrusions are located at the intervals between two adjacent equalizing holes, that is, the area between two adjacent protrusions on the equalizing plate 91 is equivalent to a recessed area connected to the equalizing holes, and the protrusions are not connected to each other, then the plurality of recessed areas are connected to form a refrigerant flow channel connected to all the equalizing holes, so that the liquid refrigerant can be replenished to the area near each equalizing hole in time to ensure uniform liquid distribution. The aperture of each circle of equalizing holes can be specifically calculated and determined based on the spiral radius of the spiral tube, the number of vertical circles, and the evaporation amount.

[0035] Now combined with the attached Figures 5 to 7 The above embodiment is described in detail. Two circles of equal flow holes are arranged concentrically, the outer circle equal flow holes 913 are spaced apart from the inner circle equal flow holes 915, the spaced apart portion is an annular flow channel 914, and a first protrusion 911 is arranged between two adjacent outer circle equal flow holes 913, and a second protrusion 916 is arranged between two adjacent inner circle equal flow holes 915, the first and second protrusions are arranged radially, and a circle of annular flow channel 914 is formed between the first and second protrusions, and the annular flow channel 914 is connected to the recessed areas between all the protrusions to form a flow channel connecting all the equal flow holes.

[0036] The present invention further provides a heat exchanger, comprising the above-mentioned liquid distribution device, and the heat exchanger can specifically be a spiral tube falling film heat exchanger.

[0037] Through the liquid distribution device, the gas-phase refrigerant entering at a high speed from the inlet and the refrigerant droplets entrained therein flow upward in a spiral under the action of inertia and buoyancy. Since the diameter of the upper part of the conical inner cylinder is relatively small, the entire liquid distribution space has a gradually expanding cross-section upward, and the upward flow velocity of the gas-phase refrigerant gradually decreases, and its droplet carrying capacity gradually decreases. The large-size droplets entrained in the gas-phase refrigerant drip downward after gravity sedimentation, completing the secondary separation of gas and liquid.

[0038] The present invention also provides an air conditioner, comprising the above-mentioned heat exchanger, and the air conditioner may specifically be a water cooling unit.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid dispensing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises: a shell, a liquid distributing assembly arranged in the shell, a liquid distributing space surrounding the liquid distributing assembly is formed between the shell and the liquid distributing assembly, a refrigerant outlet is arranged at the upper part of the shell, and a refrigerant inlet is arranged at one side of the shell so that the refrigerant flows spirally along the liquid distributing space; The housing is a cylinder, and the liquid distributing assembly includes an inner cylinder disposed in the cylinder, the inner cylinder is through-through and tapered, so that the volume of the liquid distributing space gradually decreases from top to bottom; The liquid distribution assembly further includes: a baffle plate arranged at the top of the inner cylinder, the outer periphery of the baffle plate is spaced from the inner wall of the cylinder, and the refrigerant outlet is arranged at the top of the cylinder.

2. The liquid dispensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid distribution assembly further includes: a liquid balancing plate connected between the bottom of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the shell, and the liquid balancing plate is provided with flow balancing holes.

3. The liquid dispensing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of flow balancing holes are arranged in at least one circle along the liquid balancing plate, and a protrusion is provided at the interval between two adjacent flow balancing holes in the same circle, and the recessed areas between all the protrusions are connected to form a flow channel connecting the flow balancing holes.

4. The liquid dispensing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of circles of the flow-balancing holes corresponds to the number of layers of the heat exchange coil.

5. The liquid dispensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange coil in the shell is arranged below the liquid distribution assembly.

6. The liquid dispensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigerant flow direction of the refrigerant inlet is vertical and deviates from the central axis of the shell.

7. A heat exchanger, characterized in that: A liquid dispensing device comprising any one of claims 1-6.

8. An air conditioner, characterized in that: Comprising the heat exchanger as claimed in claim 7.

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