Drill bit, lateral impact vibration device and drilling method

Abstract

The present invention provides a drill bit, a lateral impact vibration device and a drilling method. The device includes a valve body, an impact pad assembly, a rotating rod, an upper valve disc, a lower valve disc and a hammer; the valve body is provided with an upper groove, an impact cavity and a lower groove from top to bottom, the upper and lower grooves have upper and lower through holes respectively, and the upper and lower grooves have two liquid flow ports respectively connected to the impact cavity on the left and right; the impact pad assembly includes left and right impact pads; the rotating rod is connected to the upper and lower valve discs; the upper and lower valve discs are respectively located in the upper and lower grooves; the hammer is located in the impact cavity and impacts left and right under the action of pressure difference. The drill bit is an annular groove type PDC drill bit and includes a drill bit body, a blade and the above-mentioned impact vibration device, and a groove is provided on the blade. The drilling method includes using the above-mentioned drill bit to perform drilling operations. The present invention can form impact vibration in the drill bit body, and the raised annular rock ridge can be broken by relying on the lateral vibration of the drill bit, thereby reducing the friction near the drill bit and reducing the occurrence of drill bit support pressure phenomenon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of oil and gas drilling engineering, and in particular to a drill bit, a lateral impact vibration device and a drilling method. Background Art

[0002] PDC drill bits rely on high-hardness, wear-resistant, self-sharpening polycrystalline diamond composite pieces (PDC teeth or cutting teeth for short) as cutting elements to shear and crush rocks. PDC drill bits have high mechanical penetration rates, long service life, and low drilling costs in soft to medium-hard formations, so they are widely used in drilling oil and gas wells.

[0003] Although PDC teeth have high hardness, their impact resistance and thermal wear resistance are limited. When PDC drill bits drill in hard formations, highly abrasive formations, and severely inhomogeneous formations (soft and hard interlayers, gravel layers, etc.), it is easy to cause rapid wear and failure of the composite piece. One of the most typical forms of failure is the impact collapse of the diamond layer of the composite piece. The collapse of the composite piece greatly reduces the cutting efficiency and working life of the drill bit. The main reason for the collapse of the composite piece is the impact force from the bottom of the well. In addition to the impact caused by the inhomogeneity of the rock, in more cases, the impact force borne by the cutting teeth comes from the vibration of the drill bit, especially the lateral vibration. Usually, the most prone position for composite piece collapse on the drill bit is the crown of the drill bit with a relatively high cutting speed and the radial area outside the crown. Excessive wear of the cutting teeth in the local radial area of ​​the drill bit will produce annular grooves on the blade body. Once the annular groove appears, the cutting ability of the drill bit is basically lost. Determined by the rock-breaking principle, all types of diamond drill bits have a common weakness, that is, the rock cuttings formed after the bottom rock is broken during the drilling process are very small in size, and the rock cuttings of diamond-impregnated drill bits are extremely fine, basically in powder form. This weakness limits the application of diamond drill bits to a certain extent. Because the underground rock formations are complex and changeable, it is often necessary to analyze and judge the lithological information of the formation through the rock cuttings returned from the well during the drilling process. Too fine rock cuttings will seriously affect the accuracy of such analysis and judgment. The drill bit support pressure phenomenon refers to the friction resistance between the drill string, drill bit and wellbore in a directional well or horizontal well due to the curvature of the wellbore trajectory and the irregularity of the wellbore wall. If the friction resistance is too large, it will affect the application of drilling pressure to a certain extent. This phenomenon that drilling pressure cannot be applied to the drill bit is called drill bit support pressure.

[0004] Patent CN201610955392.6 discloses a diamond drill bit, which has at least one circumferentially penetrating groove, which can reduce the cutting energy consumption of the drill bit, improve the rock breaking efficiency, and suppress the lateral vibration of the drill bit, effectively reduce the impact failure of the drill bit cutting teeth, enhance the anti-drift ability of the drill bit in directional drilling, and can produce large-sized rock cuttings, improve the quality of geological logging, and improve the accuracy of downhole formation information analysis and judgment under actual drilling conditions. If the size of the annular groove is large, the width of the annular rock ridge protruding at the bottom of the well gradually increases, and the lateral vibration of the drill bit itself cannot break the rock ridge. Therefore, it is necessary to set a cutting element at the bottom of the annular groove. Although the energy required to break the rock ridge in this area is reduced, the cutting element in this area will still share the drilling pressure. Since the total drilling pressure on the drill bit is certain, the cutting element in the annular groove area shares the drilling pressure, which will inevitably lead to a decrease in the drilling pressure of the cutting teeth in other areas. At the same time, in the inclination section and the horizontal section, the friction on the drill string and the drill bit increases, and the drilling pressure cannot be applied to the drill bit body, and even a supporting pressure phenomenon occurs.

[0005] Moreover, a simple drilling tool assembly only provides power to the drill bit, and cannot transmit the power to the drill bit evenly and stably. The movement of the PDC drill bit is disordered, for example, the vibration direction is disordered. At present, there is a lack of a device that can effectively realize the periodic lateral impact vibration of the drill bit, and there is also a lack of a drill bit that can realize periodic lateral vibration itself and related drilling methods. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. For example, one of the purposes of the present invention is to generate impact vibration in the drill bit body, reduce the friction resistance near the drill bit, and reduce the occurrence of drill bit support pressure phenomenon.

[0007] In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a drill bit on one hand.

[0008] The drill bit may include a drill bit body, a plurality of blades and a lateral impact vibration device installed in the drill bit body; wherein the vibration device includes a valve body, an impact pad assembly, a rotating rod, an upper valve disc, a lower valve disc and a hammer, wherein the valve body has a transversely arranged and through impact cavity, and the impact cavity forms a left opening and a right opening on the left and right end faces of the valve body respectively; an upper groove is provided on the upper end face of the valve body, and an upper through hole connected to the impact cavity is provided in the middle position of the upper groove, and the upper groove also has a first liquid flow port and a second liquid flow port respectively connected to the left and right sides of the impact cavity; a lower groove is provided on the lower end face of the valve body, and a lower through hole connected to the impact cavity is provided in the middle position of the lower groove, and the lower groove also has a third liquid flow port and a fourth liquid flow port respectively connected to the left and right sides of the impact cavity; the impact pad assembly includes a left impact pad and a right impact pad The left impact pad is installed in the left opening of the impact cavity, and the right impact pad is installed in the right opening of the impact cavity; the rotating rod passes through the upper through hole and the lower through hole, and the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the upper valve disc and the lower valve disc and can drive the two to rotate; the upper valve disc is located in the upper groove of the valve body, and the lower valve disc is located in the lower groove of the valve body; when the upper valve disc rotates one circle, the lower valve disc also rotates one circle, and the first, second, third and fourth liquid flow ports are opened and closed once respectively, when the first liquid flow port is fully opened, the fourth liquid flow port is also fully opened, and the second and third liquid flow ports are fully closed, when the second liquid flow port is fully opened, the third liquid flow port is also fully opened, and the first and fourth liquid flow ports are fully closed; the hammer is located in the impact cavity, and when the pressure on the left and right sides is different, the hammer slides left and right and impacts the left impact pad and the right impact pad respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the drill bit may be a diamond drill bit, the number of the blade wings is multiple, each blade wing is provided with a plurality of grooves, and cutting elements are provided at the bottom and / or side of the groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the width of the groove may be 10 mm to 25 mm, such as 11, 15, 20, 24 mm, etc.; the depth of the groove may be 10 mm to 30 mm, such as 11, 15, 20, 25, 29 mm, etc.

[0011] Furthermore, each blade may be provided with a groove, and all the grooves are distributed along the circumference to form an annular groove that penetrates the circumference.

[0012] Furthermore, each blade may be provided with N grooves from outside to inside, and the i-th grooves on all blades can form a circumferentially penetrating annular groove after being connected. Wherein, N≥2, for example, N may be 3, 4, 5, etc.; 1≤i≤N. The 1st to Nth grooves may be from outside to inside, or from inside to outside.

[0013] Furthermore, the distance between the groove and the drill bit axis may be one third to two thirds of the radius of the drill bit body, for example, one half.

[0014] Further, when the drill bit diameter is less than or equal to 150 mm, the number of grooves on each blade wing can be 1; when the drill bit diameter is greater than 150 mm and less than 241 mm, the number of grooves on each blade wing can be 2; when the drill bit diameter is greater than 241 mm, the number of grooves on each blade wing can be 3.

[0015] Furthermore, the drill bit may be a PDC drill bit, such as a ring groove type PDC drill bit.

[0016] Furthermore, the blade wing is installed on the drill body, and a cutting element is arranged on the blade wing.

[0017] Furthermore, the blade may be L-shaped or quasi-L-shaped, including a first section and a second section connected perpendicularly, the first section may be parallel to the axial direction of the drill body. The groove may be provided on the second section.

[0018] Furthermore, the notch direction of the groove on the blade wing can be parallel to the axis of the drill body.

[0019] Furthermore, the groove on the blade wing may be an arc-shaped groove, and the arc center may be located on the axis of the drill body.

[0020] Another aspect of the present invention provides a lateral impact vibration device.

[0021] The device is the same as the lateral impact vibration device in the above-mentioned drill bit, for example, it may include a valve body, an impact pad assembly, a rotating rod, an upper valve disc, a lower valve disc and a hammer, wherein the valve body has a transversely arranged and through impact cavity, and the impact cavity forms a left opening and a right opening on the left and right end faces of the valve body respectively; an upper groove is formed on the upper end face of the valve body, and an upper through hole connected to the impact cavity is provided in the middle position of the upper groove, and the upper groove also has a first liquid flow port and a second liquid flow port respectively connected to the left and right sides of the impact cavity; a lower groove is formed on the lower end face of the valve body, and a lower through hole connected to the impact cavity is provided in the middle position of the lower groove, and the lower groove also has a third liquid flow port and a fourth liquid flow port respectively connected to the left and right sides of the impact cavity; the impact pad assembly includes a left impact pad and a right impact pad, and the left impact pad is installed on the impact The left opening of the impact cavity is formed, and the right impact pad is installed at the right opening of the impact cavity; the rotating rod passes through the upper through hole and the lower through hole, and the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the upper valve disc and the lower valve disc and can drive the two to rotate; the upper valve disc is located in the upper groove of the valve body, and the lower valve disc is located in the lower groove of the valve body; when the upper valve disc rotates one circle, the lower valve disc also rotates one circle, and the first, second, third and fourth liquid flow ports are opened and closed once respectively, when the first liquid flow port is fully opened, the fourth liquid flow port is also fully opened, and the second and third liquid flow ports are fully closed, when the second liquid flow port is fully opened, the third liquid flow port is also fully opened, and the first and fourth liquid flow ports are fully closed; the impact hammer is located in the impact cavity, and when the pressure on the left and right sides is different, the impact hammer slides left and right and impacts the left impact pad and the right impact pad respectively.

[0022] Furthermore, the upper valve disc may include a first disc body and a second disc body, the lateral dimension of the first disc body being greater than that of the second disc body, and when the upper valve disc rotates in the upper groove, a side of the first disc body facing the upper groove wall is always in contact with the upper groove wall, and a side of the second disc body facing the upper groove wall is never in contact with the lower groove wall.

[0023] Further, the first disk body may be a first circular arc plate, the second disk body may be a second circular arc plate, and the radius of the first circular arc plate is greater than the radius of the second circular arc plate.

[0024] Furthermore, the lower valve disc may include a third disc body and a fourth disc body, the lateral dimension of the third disc body being greater than that of the fourth disc body, and when the lower valve disc rotates in the lower groove, a side of the third disc body facing the groove wall of the lower groove is always in contact with the groove wall of the lower groove, and a side of the fourth disc body facing the groove wall of the lower groove is never in contact with the groove wall of the lower groove.

[0025] Further, the third disk body may be a third circular arc plate, the fourth disk body may be a fourth circular arc plate, and the radius of the third circular arc plate is greater than the radius of the fourth circular arc plate.

[0026] Furthermore, a transverse dimension of the lower valve disc is smaller than a transverse dimension of the upper valve disc.

[0027] Furthermore, the radial dimension of a part of the hammer body may be adapted to the radial dimension of the impact cavity.

[0028] Furthermore, the hammer may have a cavity that penetrates vertically, the rotating rod is inserted into the cavity, and the left-right lateral dimension of the cavity is greater than the diameter of the rotating rod.

[0029] Furthermore, the hammer may include a first axial segment, a second axial segment and a third axial segment which are coaxial and connected in sequence, wherein the longitudinal dimensions of the first axial segment and the third axial segment are smaller than the longitudinal dimension of the second axial segment, and the cavity of the hammer is formed in the second axial segment.

[0030] Furthermore, both the first axial segment and the second axial segment may be cylindrical segments, and the diameters of the two segments are the same.

[0031] Furthermore, a first wear-resistant sleeve may be installed on the groove wall of the upper groove.

[0032] Furthermore, a second wear-resistant sleeve may be installed on the groove wall of the lower groove.

[0033] Furthermore, the device may also include an impeller, the lower end of the impeller is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating rod.

[0034] Furthermore, a sealing member is provided between at least two adjacent components among the valve body, the impact pad assembly, the upper valve disc and the lower valve disc.

[0035] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a drilling method.

[0036] The method may include performing a drilling operation using a drill bit as described above.

[0037] Furthermore, during drilling operations, the impact energy of the hammer may be controlled within a range of 10 to 100 joules, such as 15, 20, 60, 50, 60, 70, 95 joules, and the like.

[0038] Furthermore, during drilling operations, the impact frequency of the hammer is controlled at 1 to 10 Hz, such as 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.5 Hz, etc.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention may include at least one of the following:

[0040] (1) The drill bit of the present invention can generate periodic lateral vibrations during drilling operations. The lateral vibrations of the drill bit can break the raised annular rock ridges, and the high-pressure energy of the drilling fluid can break the rocks, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the drill bit;

[0041] (2) The present invention can obtain large-sized rock cuttings by means of lateral impact of the drill bit, and the geological strata can be determined by the large rock cuttings, and the lithology information of the strata can be obtained by analysis;

[0042] (3) The present invention can make the drill bit body have impact vibration of a certain frequency, reduce the friction resistance between the drill bit and the wellbore, reduce the wrapping force of the sand at the bottom of the well on the drill bit, and thus reduce the occurrence of the drill bit support pressure phenomenon. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The above and other objects and / or features of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0044] Figure 1 A longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the lateral impact vibration device of the present invention is shown.

[0045] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the valve body of the present invention is shown.

[0046] Figure 3 A connection schematic diagram of the upper valve disc, the lower valve disc and the rotating rod of the present invention is shown.

[0047] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of the hammer of the present invention is shown.

[0048] Figure 5 Another longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the lateral impact vibration device of the present invention is shown.

[0049] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of the impeller of the present invention is shown.

[0050] Figure 7 A schematic longitudinal section view of the drill bit of the present invention is shown.

[0051] Description of main reference numerals:

[0052] 1-rotating rod; 2-valve body, 21-upper groove, 22-impact cavity, 23-lower groove, A1-first liquid flow port, A2-second liquid flow port, A3-third liquid flow port, A4-fourth liquid flow port, B1-upper through hole, B2-lower through hole; 31-upper valve disc, 31A-first disc body, 31B-second disc body, 32-lower valve disc, 32A-third disc body, 32B-fourth disc body; 4-hammer, 41-first axial section, 42-second axial section, 43-third axial section; 51-left impact pad, 52-right impact pad; 6-impeller; 7-wear-resistant sleeve; 8-drill body; 9-blade, 91-cutting element; 10-connector; C-ring groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] Hereinafter, the drill bit, the lateral impact vibration device and the drilling method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.

[0054] It should be noted that "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. are only for the convenience of description and distinction, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" are only for the convenience of description and to form a relative orientation or position relationship, and should not indicate or imply that the referred parts must have such a specific orientation or position.

[0055] Exemplary Embodiment 1

[0056] The present exemplary embodiment provides a lateral impact vibration device.

[0057] Figure 1 A longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the lateral impact vibration device of the present invention is shown, Figure 1 The arrows in the figure indicate the inflow and outflow of drilling fluid. Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the valve body of the present invention is shown. Figure 3 A connection schematic diagram of the upper valve disc, the lower valve disc and the rotating rod of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of the hammer of the present invention is shown. Figure 5 Another longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the lateral impact vibration device of the present invention is shown, Figure 5 The arrows in the figure indicate the inflow and outflow of drilling fluid. Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of the impeller of the present invention is shown.

[0058] The lateral impact vibration device is applied to a drill bit and may include: Figure 1 The rotating rod 1 , the valve body 2 , the upper valve disc 31 , the lower valve disc 32 , the hammer 4 , the left impact pad 51 and the right impact pad 52 are shown.

[0059] The rotating rod 1 can be fixedly connected to the upper valve disc 31 and the lower valve disc 32, for example, rigidly connected. The rotating rod 1 can drive the upper valve disc 31 and the lower valve disc 32 to rotate synchronously.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the valve body 2 is provided with an upper groove 21, an impact cavity 22 and a lower groove 23 from top to bottom. An upper through hole B1 communicating with the impact cavity 22 is provided in the middle of the upper groove 21, and a first liquid flow port A1 and a second liquid flow port A2 are provided on the left and right sides of the bottom of the upper groove 21, respectively, and the two are communicated with the left and right sides of the impact cavity 22, respectively. A lower through hole B2 communicating with the impact cavity 22 is provided in the middle of the lower groove 23, and the lower groove 23 is also provided with a third liquid flow port A3 and a fourth liquid flow port A4, respectively, and the two are communicated with the left and right sides of the impact cavity 22, respectively.

[0061] The upper valve disc 31 can be placed in the upper groove 21, and the lower valve disc 32 can be placed in the lower groove 23. Since the upper and lower valve discs are fixed on the rotating rod 1, when the upper valve disc 31 rotates one circle, the lower valve disc 32 also rotates one circle, and the first, second, third and fourth liquid circulation ports are opened and closed once respectively. Among them, the opening and closing of the first liquid circulation port A1 and the fourth liquid circulation port A4 can be synchronized, for example, opened and closed at the same time; the opening and closing of the second liquid circulation port A2 and the third liquid circulation port A3 can be synchronized, for example, opened and closed at the same time. When the first liquid circulation port A1 is fully opened, the second and third liquid circulation ports are fully closed, and when the second liquid circulation port A2 is fully opened, the first and fourth liquid circulation ports are fully closed. The drilling fluid can form a pressure difference on both sides of the hammer by flowing in and out of these four liquid circulation ports.

[0062] The hammer 4 may be located at Figure 2 In the impact cavity 22 shown in FIG. 1 , the impact hammer 4 can move left and right under the pressure difference between the left and right sides and impact the impact pads on both sides. Figure 1 As shown, the left impact pad 51 and the right impact pad 52 are installed on the left and right sides of the valve body 2 respectively.

[0063] The left part of the hammer 4, the valve body 2, and the left impact pad 51 can form a left chamber. The right part of the hammer 4, the valve body 2, and the right impact pad 52 can form a right chamber. The left chamber and the right chamber are independent of each other. When the rotating rod 1 drives the upper valve disc 31 and the lower valve disc 32 to rotate, the drilling fluid can flow into the left chamber through the first liquid flow port A1 and flow out of the left chamber through the third liquid flow port A3; the drilling fluid can flow into the right chamber through the second liquid flow port A2 and flow out of the right chamber through the fourth liquid flow port A4. With the rotation of the upper valve disc 31 and the lower valve disc 32, the left chamber and the right chamber alternately form a high-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber. Under the action of the pressure difference between the two chambers, the hammer 4 also periodically impacts left and right. Such a cycle can complete the lateral impact on the drill bit, causing the drill bit to produce periodic lateral vibration. Among them, when the upper and lower valve discs rotate one circle, the hammer impacts the impact pad once to the left and once to the right. For example, when the left chamber is a high-pressure chamber (i.e., the drilling fluid flows into the left chamber) and the right chamber is a low-pressure chamber (i.e., the drilling fluid flows out of the right chamber), the hammer 4 moves to the right under the action of the pressure difference (i.e., the pushing of the drilling fluid) and impacts the right impact pad 52; when the right chamber is a high-pressure chamber and the left chamber is a low-pressure chamber, the hammer 4 moves to the left under the action of the pressure difference (i.e., the pushing of the drilling fluid) and impacts the left impact pad 51, see Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle hammer 4 impacting the left impact pad 51.

[0064] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the first liquid flow port A1 may be located above the third liquid flow port A3, and the two may be located on the same side. The second liquid flow port A2 may be located above the fourth liquid flow port A4, and the two may be located on the same side.

[0065] The first liquid flow port A1 and the second liquid flow port A2 can be spaced 180° apart from each other, and the first liquid flow port A1 and the fourth liquid flow port A4 can also be spaced 180° apart from each other. The third liquid flow port A3 and the fourth liquid flow port A4 can also be spaced 180° apart from each other, and the third liquid flow port A3 and the second liquid flow port A2 can also be spaced 180° apart from each other. In this way, when the rotating rod rotates one circle, the hammer can impact once on the left and right sides, so that the impact can be evenly achieved, thereby improving the drilling stability of the drill bit.

[0066] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the rotating rod 1 passes through the upper valve disc 31 and the lower valve disc 32 and is fixedly connected to both. Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the lower end of the rotating rod 1 can be fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower valve disc 32.

[0067] In this embodiment, the upper valve disc and the lower valve disc may be formed by removing a portion of material from a circular disc, similar to a cam shape.

[0068] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the upper valve disc 31 includes a first disc body 31A and a second disc body 31B connected to each other, both of which can be arc plates, wherein the radius of the first disc body 31A is greater than the diameter of the second disc body 31B. The thickness of the first disc body 31A and the second disc body 31B can be the same.

[0069] Furthermore, the first disk 31A and the second disk 31B may share a common center, so that the two may rotate synchronously.

[0070] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the lower valve disc 32 includes a third disc body 32A and a fourth disc body 32B connected to each other, both of which can be arc plates, wherein the radius of the third disc body 32A is greater than the diameter of the fourth disc body 32B. The thickness of the third disc body 32A and the fourth disc body 32B can be the same.

[0071] Furthermore, the third disk 32A and the fourth disk 32B may share a common center, so that the two disks may rotate synchronously.

[0072] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the first plate 31A and the third plate 32A are located on the same side of the rotating rod 1 , while the second plate 31B and the fourth plate 32B are located on the other side of the rotating rod 1 .

[0073] In this embodiment, the lateral dimension of the upper valve disc as a whole may be greater than that of the lower valve disc as a whole. For example, the radius of the first disc body 31A is greater than the radius of the third disc body 32A, and the radius of the second disc body 31B is greater than the radius of the fourth disc body 32B.

[0074] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the upper valve disc 31, the lower valve disc 32 and the rotating rod 1 may be coaxial. Further, the centers of the first disc body 31A, the second disc body 31B, the third disc body 32A and the fourth disc body 32B may be on the common axis.

[0075] In this embodiment, the material of the upper valve disc and the lower valve disc can be steel, hard alloy, etc. The material of the rotating rod can also be steel, hard alloy, etc.

[0076] In this embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the hammer includes a first axial section 41, a second axial section 42 and a third axial section 43 which are coaxial and connected in sequence.

[0077] like Figure 4 As shown, the first axial section 41 and the third axial section 43 can both be cylindrical. The first axial section 41 and the third axial section 43 can have the same shape and size, and can be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the second axial section 42.

[0078] The overall shape of the second axial section 42 may be a structure formed by digging out a portion from the middle of a cylinder. In other words, the second axial section 42 may have a hollow cavity 42a, and the transverse section of the cavity 42a may be a structure composed of two semicircles with centers facing each other and a rectangle. The rotating rod can pass through the cavity 42a, and the upper valve disc is located above the hammer, and the lower valve disc is located below the hammer. The size of the cavity 42a along the first direction is larger than the outer diameter of the rotating rod, so that the left and right impact of the hammer can be achieved. The first direction is the direction from the first axial section 41 to the third axial section 43. The size of the cavity 42a along the second direction is compatible with or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rotating rod. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the plane formed by the first and second directions is a transverse plane.

[0079] The outer diameter of the second axial section 42 can be adapted to the longitudinal dimension of the impact cavity, that is, it can prevent the mutual flow of drilling fluid between the left cavity and the right cavity. For example, both ends of the second axial section 42 can be cylindrical, and the part of the impact cavity that contacts the second axial section can also be cylindrical, and the sizes are matched.

[0080] In this embodiment, the radial dimension of a part of the hammer body is matched with the radial dimension of the impact cavity to prevent the mutual flow of drilling fluids in the left chamber and the right chamber.

[0081] In this embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, the device may further include an impeller 6, the lower end of the impeller 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating rod 1.

[0082] The premise for the hammer 4 to achieve left and right impact vibration is the stable rotation of the rotating rod 1, and the power for the rotation of the rotating rod 1 comes from the impeller 6. Figure 6 As shown, there are a plurality of blades on the impeller 6. The drilling fluid can drive the rotating rod 1 to rotate through the impeller 6, thereby driving the upper valve disc 31 and the lower valve disc 32 to rotate.

[0083] The connection methods between the impeller 6 and the rotating rod 1 may include: bolts, couplings, splines, etc. Various connection methods provide more feasibility for the commercialization of the new drill bit.

[0084] In this embodiment, the upper valve body, upper valve disc, lower valve disc and hammer may have a sealing structure or be provided with a seal. For example, a seal is provided between the valve body and the rotating rod, the upper valve disc, the lower valve disc and the impact pad to improve the sealing of the left chamber and the right chamber, thereby improving the utilization rate of the high-pressure fluid energy by the drill bit.

[0085] In this embodiment, the groove wall of the upper groove is also equipped with Figure 1 The wear-resistant sleeve 7 shown can play two roles: wear-resistant and straightening. The material of the wear-resistant sleeve can be hard alloy.

[0086] Likewise, a wear-resistant sleeve may also be installed on the groove wall of the lower groove.

[0087] In this embodiment, the overall shape of the valve body can be a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0088] In this embodiment, the left impact pad and the right impact pad may be directly connected to the inner wall of the drill body.

[0089] The lateral impact vibration device of the present invention can be placed inside the drill body, for example, the left impact pad and the right impact pad are respectively fitted with the inner wall of the drill body to transmit the lateral impact force to the drill body.

[0090] Exemplary Embodiment 2

[0091] The present exemplary embodiment provides a drill bit.

[0092] Figure 7 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the drill bit of the present invention is shown.

[0093] like Figure 7 As shown, the drill bit may include a drill bit body 8, a plurality of blades 9 extending from the drill bit body, and the lateral impact vibration device as described above.

[0094] The vibration device is installed inside the drill body 8. The blade 9 is provided with a cutting element 91.

[0095] In this embodiment, the drill bit may be a PDC drill bit, such as a ring groove PDC drill bit. Figure 7 As shown, an annular groove C is provided on the drill bit, and a cutting element 91 is provided at the bottom or side of the annular groove C.

[0096] In this embodiment, the width of the annular groove may be 10 mm to 25 mm, such as 12, 16, 22, 23 mm, etc.; the depth of the annular groove may be 10 mm to 30 mm, such as 12, 16, 19, 26 mm, etc.

[0097] In this embodiment, the left impact pad and the right impact pad may be directly connected to the drill bit body.

[0098] In this embodiment, the drill bit may further include an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate. The upper clamping plate covers the upper valve disc, and the lower clamping plate is located below the lower valve disc. The upper clamping plate has a through hole, which is adapted to the outer diameter of the rotating rod, so that the rotating rod passes through the upper clamping plate. In the case where the rotating rod passes through the lower valve disc, the lower clamping plate may also have a through hole adapted to the outer diameter of the rotating rod, so that the lower end of the rotating rod passes through or is located in the through hole.

[0099] Furthermore, the upper card plate has a first through hole and a second through hole; when the first liquid circulation port is opened, the first through hole is connected to the first liquid circulation port; when the second liquid circulation port is opened, the second through hole is connected to the second liquid circulation port.

[0100] The lower card plate has a third through hole and a fourth through hole; when the third liquid circulation port is opened, the third through hole is connected to the third liquid circulation port; when the fourth liquid circulation port is opened, the fourth through hole is connected to the fourth liquid circulation port.

[0101] In this embodiment, if Figure 7 As shown, the drill bit may further include a joint 10, which is connected to the drill bit body 8 and is located on the drill bit body 8. The upper end of the rotating rod and the impeller may be located in the cavity of the joint 10.

[0102] In this embodiment, if Figure 7 As shown, the drill bit body 8 has a cavity for placing a vibration device inside, wherein the left impact pad and the right impact pad are respectively fitted with the cavity wall. The cavity may include a rectangular upper cavity and a hemispherical lower cavity, the upper and lower cavities are connected, and the radial dimension of the lower cavity is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper cavity, and the vibration device may be located in the upper cavity. The lower cavity may also be connected to the outside to discharge drilling fluid.

[0103] Exemplary Embodiment 3

[0104] This exemplary embodiment provides a drilling method, which may include using the drill bit as described above to perform drilling operations.

[0105] In this embodiment, the impact power of the hammer can be controlled within the range of 10 to 100 joules. If the impact power is too small, the raised annular rock ridge cannot be effectively broken, reducing the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit; if the impact power is too large, the lateral vibration generated is too large, which can easily lead to the impact failure of the cutting teeth and reduce the service life of the drill bit.

[0106] In this embodiment, the impact frequency of the hammer can be controlled within the range of 1 to 10 Hz. Within such an impact frequency range, the hammer can effectively reduce the friction near the drill bit and reduce the occurrence of drill bit support pressure.

[0107] The drill bit or drilling method of the present invention can achieve excellent results when applied. Taking directional drilling as an example, when the drill bit is directional drilling, the friction resistance between the drill string, the drill bit and the wellbore increases due to the bending of the wellbore trajectory and the irregularity of the wellbore wall. Especially in horizontal wells, some rock cuttings near the drill bit cannot be removed in time, forming sand at the bottom of the well, which hinders the drill bit from drilling forward. There is a certain frequency of impact vibration in the drill bit body, which can reduce the friction resistance between the drill bit and the wellbore, reduce the wrapping force of the sand at the bottom of the well on the drill bit, and thus reduce the occurrence of the drill bit support pressure phenomenon.

[0108] Although the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A drill bit, characterized in that: The drill bit comprises a drill bit body, a plurality of blades and a lateral impact vibration device installed in the drill bit body, wherein: The vibration device includes a valve body, an impact pad assembly, a rotating rod, an upper valve disc, a lower valve disc and a hammer, wherein: The valve body has a transversely arranged and through-going impact cavity, and the impact cavity forms a left opening and a right opening on the left and right end surfaces of the valve body respectively; an upper groove is formed on the upper end surface of the valve body, and an upper through hole connected to the impact cavity is provided in the middle position of the upper groove, and the upper groove also has a first liquid flow port and a second liquid flow port respectively connected to the left and right sides of the impact cavity; a lower groove is formed on the lower end surface of the valve body, and a lower through hole connected to the impact cavity is provided in the middle position of the lower groove, and the lower groove also has a third liquid flow port and a fourth liquid flow port respectively connected to the left and right sides of the impact cavity; The impact pad assembly includes a left impact pad and a right impact pad, the left impact pad is installed at the left opening of the impact cavity, and the right impact pad is installed at the right opening of the impact cavity; The rotating rod passes through the upper through hole and the lower through hole, and the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the upper valve disc and the lower valve disc and can drive the two to rotate; The upper valve disc is located in the upper groove of the valve body, and the lower valve disc is located in the lower groove of the valve body; when the upper valve disc rotates one circle, the lower valve disc also rotates one circle, and the first, second, third and fourth liquid flow ports are opened and closed once respectively, when the first liquid flow port is fully opened, the fourth liquid flow port is also fully opened, and the second and third liquid flow ports are fully closed, when the second liquid flow port is fully opened, the third liquid flow port is also fully opened, and the first and fourth liquid flow ports are fully closed; The hammer is located in the impact cavity. When the pressure on the left and right sides is different, the hammer slides left and right and impacts the left impact pad and the right impact pad respectively.

2. The drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that The drill bit is a diamond drill bit, the number of the blade wings is multiple, each blade wing is provided with a plurality of grooves, and cutting elements are arranged at the bottom and / or side of the groove.

3. The drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that The width of the groove is 10 mm to 25 mm, and the depth is 10 mm to 30 mm.

4. The drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that Each blade wing is provided with a groove, and all the grooves are distributed along the circumference to form an annular groove that penetrates the circumference.

5. The drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that Each blade is provided with N grooves from outside to inside, and the i-th grooves on all blades are connected to form a circumferentially penetrating annular groove, N≥2, 1≤i≤N.

6. The drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that The distance between the groove and the drill bit axis is one third to two thirds of the radius of the drill bit body.

7. The drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that When the diameter of the drill bit is less than or equal to 150 mm, the number of grooves on each blade is 1; When the diameter of the drill bit is greater than 150 mm and less than 241 mm, the number of grooves on each blade is 2; When the drill bit diameter is greater than 241 mm, the number of grooves on each blade is 3.

8. A lateral impact vibration device, characterized in that: The device comprises a valve body, an impact pad assembly, a rotating rod, an upper valve disc, a lower valve disc and a hammer, wherein: The valve body has a transversely arranged and through-going impact cavity, and the impact cavity forms a left opening and a right opening on the left and right end surfaces of the valve body respectively; an upper groove is formed on the upper end surface of the valve body, and an upper through hole connected to the impact cavity is provided in the middle position of the upper groove, and the upper groove also has a first liquid flow port and a second liquid flow port respectively connected to the left and right sides of the impact cavity; a lower groove is formed on the lower end surface of the valve body, and a lower through hole connected to the impact cavity is provided in the middle position of the lower groove, and the lower groove also has a third liquid flow port and a fourth liquid flow port respectively connected to the left and right sides of the impact cavity; The impact pad assembly includes a left impact pad and a right impact pad, the left impact pad is installed at the left opening of the impact cavity, and the right impact pad is installed at the right opening of the impact cavity; The rotating rod passes through the upper through hole and the lower through hole, and the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the upper valve disc and the lower valve disc and can drive the two to rotate; The upper valve disc is located in the upper groove of the valve body, and the lower valve disc is located in the lower groove of the valve body; when the upper valve disc rotates one circle, the lower valve disc also rotates one circle, and the first, second, third and fourth liquid flow ports are opened and closed once respectively, when the first liquid flow port is fully opened, the fourth liquid flow port is also fully opened, and the second and third liquid flow ports are fully closed, when the second liquid flow port is fully opened, the third liquid flow port is also fully opened, and the first and fourth liquid flow ports are fully closed; The hammer is located in the impact cavity. When the pressure on the left and right sides is different, the hammer slides left and right and impacts the left impact pad and the right impact pad respectively.

9. The drill bit according to claim 1 or the lateral impact vibration device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper valve disc includes a first disc body and a second disc body, the lateral dimension of the first disc body is larger than the lateral dimension of the second disc body, and when the upper valve disc rotates in the upper groove, a side of the first disc body facing the groove wall of the upper groove is always in contact with the groove wall of the upper groove, and a side of the second disc body facing the groove wall of the upper groove is never in contact with the groove wall of the lower groove.

10. The drill bit or lateral impact vibration device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first disk body is a first circular arc plate, the second disk body is a second circular arc plate, and the radius of the first circular arc plate is greater than the radius of the second circular arc plate.

11. The drill bit according to claim 1 or the lateral impact vibration device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower valve disc includes a third disc body and a fourth disc body, the lateral dimension of the third disc body is larger than that of the fourth disc body, and when the lower valve disc rotates in the lower groove, a side of the third disc body facing the groove wall of the lower groove is always in contact with the groove wall of the lower groove, and a side of the fourth disc body facing the groove wall of the lower groove is never in contact with the groove wall of the lower groove.

12. The drill bit or lateral impact vibration device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The third disk body is a third circular arc plate, the fourth disk body is a fourth circular arc plate, and the radius of the third circular arc plate is greater than the radius of the fourth circular arc plate.

13. The drill bit according to claim 1 or the lateral impact vibration device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lateral dimension of the lower valve disc is smaller than the lateral dimension of the upper valve disc.

14. The drill bit according to claim 1 or the lateral impact vibration device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The radial dimension of a part of the hammer body is adapted to the radial dimension of the impact cavity.

15. The drill bit according to claim 1 or the lateral impact vibration device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The punch hammer has a cavity that penetrates vertically, the rotating rod is inserted into the cavity, and the left and right lateral dimensions of the cavity are greater than the diameter of the rotating rod.

16. The drill bit or lateral impact vibration device according to claim 15, characterized in that The hammer includes a first axial segment, a second axial segment and a third axial segment which are coaxial and connected in sequence, wherein the longitudinal dimensions of the first axial segment and the third axial segment are smaller than the longitudinal dimension of the second axial segment, and the cavity of the hammer is formed in the second axial segment.

17. The drill bit or lateral impact vibration device according to claim 16, characterized in that The first axial section and the second axial section are both cylindrical sections, and have the same diameter.

18. The drill bit according to claim 1 or the lateral impact vibration device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A first wear-resistant sleeve is also installed on the groove wall of the upper groove.

19. The drill bit according to claim 1 or the lateral impact vibration device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A second wear-resistant sleeve is also installed on the groove wall of the lower groove.

20. The drill bit according to claim 1 or the lateral impact vibration device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The device also includes an impeller, the lower end of which is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating rod.

21. The drill bit according to claim 1 or the lateral impact vibration device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sealing member is provided between at least two adjacent components of the valve body, the impact pad assembly, the upper valve disc and the lower valve disc.

22. A drilling method, characterized in that: The method comprises performing drilling operations using the drill bit described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

23. The drilling method according to claim 22, characterized in that: During drilling operations, the impact energy of the hammer is controlled within a range of 10 to 100 joules.

24. The drilling method according to claim 22, characterized in that: During drilling operations, the impact frequency of the hammer is controlled within a range of 1 to 10 Hz.

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