An anti-pullout high-strength anchor support device and construction method for the inverted slope of a swamp land stratum tunnel

Abstract

The present invention discloses an anti-pulling high-supporting bolt support device for the inverted slope of a swamp land tunnel, which comprises an arc-shaped rod, and support rods are arranged at both ends of the arc-shaped rod. Anchor hooks are fixedly connected to the sides of the arc-shaped rod and the support rods. A plurality of stepped columns are fixedly connected to the other side of the arc-shaped rod. Each stepped column is connected to a steel cable, and a transverse fixing cable is arranged between adjacent steel cables, and the transverse fixing cable intersects with the steel cables. After the arc-shaped rod is embedded, a benchmark is formed in the present invention. Steel cables are sleeved on each stepped column, and the steel cables are laid radially along the inverted slope surface. Subsequently, the transverse fixing cables are laid, and a plurality of transverse fixing cables are arranged at equal intervals along the tunnel contour. The intersection of the steel cables and the transverse fixing cables is anchored by a second anchor rod, and multi-point grouting anchoring is carried out through the second anchor rod. A plurality of anchor points form a protective net, so as to support the inverted slope. Compared with the existing mesh protection, the support strength is significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of slope support, and in particular to a high anti-pull anchor support device and construction method for the inverted slope of a tunnel in a swampy soil layer. Background Art

[0002] A swamp is a land where the surface and the underlying soil are often overly wet, with wetland plants and swamp plants growing on the surface, and there is peat accumulation or a gley horizon exists even without peat accumulation. The formation of a swamp mainly depends on geomorphic conditions and hydrothermal conditions.

[0003] The soil layer of the swamp is cleaned, drained, solidified, etc. according to the construction requirements to meet the needs of tunnel construction. When the tunnel enters the upper part of the entrance of the soil slope or mountain body, it is often necessary to excavate and correct it into steps and an inverted slope. Due to the loose geology, the soil slope or mountain body is prone to collapse, so protection is required.

[0004] The existing support methods include wire meshing. However, there are deficiencies in the anchoring strength of each intersection point with the inverted slope in wire meshing, and it is necessary for workers to go up to the slope for fastening, which poses a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art and propose a high anti-pull anchor support device for the inverted slope of a tunnel in a swampy soil layer, thereby solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A high anti-pull anchor support device for the inverted slope of a tunnel in a swampy soil layer includes an arc-shaped rod, with support rods arranged at both ends of the arc-shaped rod. Anchor hooks are fixedly connected to the sides of the arc-shaped rod and the support rods. Multiple stepped columns are fixedly connected to the other side of the arc-shaped rod. Each stepped column is connected to a steel cable, and a transverse fixing cable is provided between adjacent steel cables. The transverse fixing cable intersects with the steel cable and is anchored at the intersection point.

[0008] Preferably, a first anchor rod is provided at the upper end of each steel cable, and a second anchor rod is provided at the intersection of the steel cable and the transverse fixing cable.

[0009] Preferably, the second anchor rod includes a column body, and four insertion rods are fixedly connected in an array at the bottom of the column body.

[0010] Preferably, the insertion rod is provided with a grouting hole, and the grouting hole extends to the upper end of the column body.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes an anchoring device, which includes a vehicle body, the front end of the vehicle body is rotatably connected to the cantilever, a movable seat is reciprocatingly slidable on the cantilever, a placement groove is provided on one side of the movable seat, the placement groove is used to clamp the second anchor rod, the upper side of the movable seat is fixedly connected to the vertical plate, the upper end of the vertical plate is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate, the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the hydraulic rod, and the hydraulic rod is coaxially arranged with the placement groove.

[0012] Preferably, sliding grooves are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the placement groove, a clamping plate is slidably connected in the sliding groove, and a supporting spring is fixedly connected between the clamping plate and the side wall of the sliding groove.

[0013] Preferably, the lower end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to a pressure block, a cavity is provided inside the pressure block and a discharge hole is provided at the bottom, the upper side of the vehicle body is fixedly connected to a grouting box, and a grouting hose is fixedly connected between the pressure block and the grouting box.

[0014] Preferably, one side of the cantilever is fixedly connected to the rack, one side of the movable seat is fixedly connected to the support plate, the support plate is fixedly connected to the drive motor, the main shaft end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the drive gear, and the drive gear is meshed with the rack.

[0015] A method for constructing backslope support for a tunnel in a swampy soil layer adopts the above-mentioned support device to carry out backslope support operations.

[0016] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: a high-tension anchor support device for the back slope of a tunnel in a swampy soil layer provided by the present invention is formed by pre-buried arc rods to form a reference, a steel cable is bolted onto each step column, the steel cable is laid radially along the back slope surface, and then transverse fixing cables are laid, and multiple transverse fixing cables are arranged at equal intervals according to the tunnel contour, the intersection of the steel cable and the transverse fixing cable is anchored by a second anchor rod, and multi-point grouting anchoring is performed by the second anchor rod, and multiple anchor points form a protective net, thereby forming support for the back slope. Compared with the existing hanging net protection, the supporting strength is significantly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a basic structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the protection support of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the moving seat and the cantilever in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a front view of the mobile seat in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 AA section view in;

[0022] Figure 6 Yes Figure 5 Partial enlarged view at location E in Specific implementation manner

[0023] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0024] As Figures 1-6 shown, a high anti-pull anchor rod support device for the inverted slope of a swamp land tunnel provided by the present invention includes an arc rod 1, support rods 11 are arranged at both ends of the arc rod 1, anchoring hooks 12 are fixedly connected to the sides of the arc rod 1 and the support rods 11, a plurality of stepped columns 13 are fixedly connected to the other side of the arc rod 1, each stepped column 13 is connected to a steel cable 2, a transverse fixing cable 3 is arranged between adjacent steel cables 2, the transverse fixing cable 3 intersects with the steel cable 2, and is anchored at the intersection point;

[0025] The transverse fixing cable 3 and the steel cable 2 intersect to form a high-strength support. According to the geological conditions, an additional layer of protective net with a conventional dense mesh is laid between the transverse fixing cable 3 and the steel cable 2 and the inverted slope to form an all-round protection.

[0026] A first anchor rod is provided at the upper end of each steel cable 2, and a second anchor rod is provided at the intersection of the steel cable 2 and the transverse fixing cable 3. The second anchor rod includes a column body 4, four insertion rods 41 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the column body 4 in an array, a grouting hole 42 is provided on the insertion rod 41, and the grouting hole 42 extends to the upper end of the column body 4. After grouting and stabilization, the second anchor rod has strong anti-pull ability.

[0027] First, a groove adapted to the arc rod 1 is excavated above the door opening at the tunnel exit. Embedded grooves are arranged at intervals in the groove. The anchoring hooks 12 are placed in the embedded grooves, and both the embedded grooves and the groove are filled with concrete by pouring. After the concrete is cured firmly, the steel cable 2 is sleeved on each stepped column 13. The steel cable 2 is laid radially along the inverted slope surface. A horizontal step 10 is excavated in the middle of the inverted slope. The upper end of the steel cable 2 is nailed to the horizontal step 10 with the first anchor rod. Subsequently, the transverse fixing cable 3 is laid. A plurality of transverse fixing cables 3 are arranged at equal intervals along the tunnel contour. The intersection of the steel cable 2 and the transverse fixing cable 3 is anchored by the second anchor rod, dividing the inverted slope into multiple blocks. Turf vegetation can be planted in the blocks to further form protection, and multi-point grouting anchoring is carried out through the second anchor rod. Multiple anchor points form a protective net, thereby forming a support for the inverted slope. Compared with the existing mesh protection, the support strength is significantly improved.

[0028] It further includes an anchoring device 5. The anchoring device 5 includes a vehicle body 51. The front end of the vehicle body 51 is rotatably connected to a cantilever 52. The rotating shaft of the cantilever 52 is fixedly connected to a first gear. A hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected inside the vehicle body 51. The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a toothed plate. The toothed plate drives the first gear to rotate, causing the cantilever 52 to swing with respect to the tunnel, so as to facilitate the anchoring of different lateral fixing cables 3 and the intersection points of the steel cables 2. A moving seat 53 reciprocates on the cantilever 52. A rack 531 is fixedly connected to one side of the cantilever 52. A support plate 532 is fixedly connected to one side of the moving seat 53. A driving motor 533 is fixedly connected to the support plate 532. The end of the main shaft of the driving motor 533 is fixedly connected to a driving gear 534. The driving gear 534 meshes with the rack 531. A placement groove 54 is provided on one side of the moving seat 53 for clamping the second anchoring rod. A vertical plate 55 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the moving seat 53. A horizontal plate 56 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical plate 55. A hydraulic rod 57 is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate 56. The hydraulic rod 57 is coaxially arranged with the placement groove 54.

[0029] The moving seat 53 is also provided with a camera and a control box for remote control, that is, personnel do not need to climb onto the slope to install the second anchoring rod. The staff installs the second anchoring rod in the placement groove 54, controls the driving motor 533 to drive the driving gear 534 to rotate. The driving gear 534 meshes with the rack 531, enabling the moving seat 53 to move along the cantilever 52. First, visually locate the corresponding intersection anchoring point, and then fine-tune it with the cooperation of the camera, so that the second anchoring rod can correspond to the intersection anchoring point. Finally, the hydraulic rod 57 presses down to insert the second anchoring rod into the slope. The four insertion rods 41 of the second anchoring rod are inserted into four areas connected to the intersection point, thus facilitating the simultaneous fixation of the lateral fixing cable 3 and the steel cable 2, and completing single-point anchoring through final grouting. By anchoring and grouting one by one in the above manner, multiple anchoring points form a protective net, thereby forming support for the slope. Compared with the existing hanging net protection, the support strength is significantly improved; and the method of placing the second anchoring rod has high work efficiency and high safety.

[0030] Sliding grooves 541 are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the placement groove 54. Clamping plates 542 are slidably connected in the sliding grooves 541. Support springs 543 are fixedly connected between the clamping plates 542 and the side walls of the sliding grooves 541. The column body 4 of the second anchoring rod is pushed in from the side between the two clamping plates 542. Arc-shaped surfaces are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the two clamping plates to hold the column body 4 of the second anchoring rod, facilitating installation in batches and making the installation convenient.

[0031] The lower end of the hydraulic rod 57 is fixedly connected to a pressure block 58, a cavity is provided inside the pressure block 58 and a discharge hole 581 is provided at the bottom. The upper side of the vehicle body 51 is fixedly connected to a grouting box 59, and a grouting hose 591 is fixedly connected between the pressure block 58 and the grouting box 59. Cement slurry is stored in the grouting box 59. After the column 4 of the second anchor rod is pressed into the back slope, the grouting hose 591 is used to inject grout into the soil through the grouting hole 42 of the insertion rod 41. After anchoring, the cement slurry is filled in time, and the slurry is injected into the back slope by the four insertion rods 41. On the one hand, there is no need for subsequent grouting reinforcement one by one. On the other hand, the slurry is injected into the back slope in cooperation with the four insertion rods 41. After grouting, the structure has high strength and strong stability.

[0032] The above-mentioned camera, control box and motor are controlled by wireless remote control. The wireless remote control technology adopts mature equipment and wireless control principles in the existing technology. Due to limited space, the specific control module model and control principle will not be described in detail here.

[0033] A method for constructing backslope support for a tunnel in a swampy soil layer adopts the above-mentioned support device to carry out backslope support operations.

[0034] Working principle: The arc rod 1 is pre-buried to form a reference, and a steel cable 2 is bolted on each step column 13. The steel cable 2 is laid radially along the back slope surface, and then the transverse fixing cables 3 are laid. Multiple transverse fixing cables 3 are arranged at equal intervals according to the tunnel contour. The intersection of the steel cable 2 and the transverse fixing cable 3 is anchored by the second anchor rod, and multi-point grouting anchoring is performed by the second anchor rod. Multiple anchor points constitute a protection net, thereby supporting the back slope. Compared with the existing hanging net protection, the supporting strength is significantly improved.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A construction method for the inverted slope support of a tunnel in a swampy land formation, characterized in that: The inverted slope support operation is carried out by using a support device. The support device includes an arc rod (1). Support rods (11) are arranged at both ends of the arc rod (1). Anchor hooks (12) are fixedly connected to the sides of the arc rod (1) and the support rods (11). A plurality of stepped columns (13) are fixedly connected to the other side of the arc rod (1). Each stepped column (13) is connected to a steel cable (2). A transverse fixing cable (3) is arranged between adjacent steel cables (2). The transverse fixing cable (3) intersects with the steel cable (2) and is anchored at the intersection point. A first anchor rod is provided at the upper end of each steel cable (2), and a second anchor rod is provided at the intersection of the steel cable (2) and the transverse fixing cable (3); First, a groove adapted to the arc rod (1) is excavated above the portal at the tunnel exit. Embedded grooves are arranged at intervals in the groove. The anchor hooks (12) are placed in the embedded grooves, and both the embedded grooves and the groove are filled with concrete by pouring. After the concrete is cured firmly, the steel cables (2) are sleeved on each stepped column (13). The steel cables (2) are laid radially along the inverted slope surface. A horizontal step (10) is excavated in the middle of the inverted slope. The upper ends of the steel cables (2) are nailed to the horizontal step (10) with the first anchor rods. Subsequently, the transverse fixing cables (3) are laid. A plurality of transverse fixing cables (3) are arranged at equal intervals along the contour of the tunnel. The intersection of the steel cable (2) and the transverse fixing cable (3) is multi-point grouted and anchored through the second anchor rod. A plurality of anchor points form a protective net, thereby forming a support for the inverted slope.

2. A construction method for the inverted slope support of a tunnel in a swampy land formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second anchor rod includes a column body (4), and four insertion rods (41) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the column body (4) in an array.

3. A construction method for the inverted slope support of a tunnel in a swampy land formation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The insertion rod (41) is provided with a grouting hole (42), and the grouting hole (42) extends to the upper end of the column body (4).

4. A construction method for the inverted slope support of a tunnel in a swampy land formation according to claim 3, characterized in that: It further includes an anchoring device (5). The anchoring device (5) includes a vehicle body (51). A cantilever (52) is rotatably connected to the front end of the vehicle body (51). A moving seat (53) reciprocally slides on the cantilever (52). A placement groove (54) is provided on one side of the moving seat (53). The placement groove (54) is used to clamp the second anchor rod. A vertical plate (55) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the moving seat (53). A cross plate (56) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical plate (55). The cross plate (56) is fixedly connected to a hydraulic rod (57), and the hydraulic rod (57) is coaxially arranged with the placement groove (54).

5. A construction method for the inverted slope support of a tunnel in a swampy land formation according to claim 4, characterized in that: Sliding grooves (541) are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the placement groove (54). Clamping plates (542) are slidably connected in the sliding grooves (541). Support springs (543) are fixedly connected between the clamping plates (542) and the side walls of the sliding grooves (541).

6. A method for constructing the inverted slope support of a tunnel in a swampy soil layer according to claim 5, characterized in that: the lower end of the hydraulic rod (57) is fixedly connected to a pressing block (58), the pressing block (58) has a cavity inside and a discharge hole (581) is provided at the bottom, a grouting box (59) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the vehicle body (51), and a grouting hose (591) is fixedly connected between the pressing block (58) and the grouting box (59).

7. A method for constructing the inverted slope support of a tunnel in a swampy soil layer according to claim 5, characterized in that: a rack (531) is fixedly connected to one side of the cantilever (52), a support plate (532) is fixedly connected to one side of the moving seat (53), a driving motor (533) is fixedly connected to the support plate (532), a driving gear (534) is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft of the driving motor (533), and the driving gear (534) meshes with the rack (531).

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