Medicament for preventing and controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a medicament for preventing and treating cucumber root-knot nematodes and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of agricultural technology. The medicament includes the following raw material components by mass: 3-6 parts of matrine, 10-15 parts of cornus extract and 25-35 parts of ginkgo extract, wherein the cornus extract is a cornus root extract. The medicament for preventing and treating cucumber root-knot nematodes of the present invention belongs to a botanical medicament, which can achieve efficient contact killing and inhibit the reproduction of cucumber root-knot nematodes, and at the same time, due to the botanical characteristics of the raw material components of the medicament, natural microorganisms can form a degradation mechanism for these raw material components, so there is no phytotoxicity to crops, and it has the significant advantage of being environmentally friendly. The medicament of the present invention has an efficient toxic effect on cucumber root-knot nematodes, and is green, safe, and low-cost, and has a very high value for promotion and application in the field of agriculture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and in particular to a medicament for preventing and controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cucumber root-knot nematode is a common disease of cucumber. Cucumber-growing areas around the world are threatened by this disease, which has an extremely adverse effect on cucumber growth. In severe cases, it can cause a yield reduction of more than 75%, and may even cause the plant to shed leaves and die prematurely, resulting in a total crop failure and extremely serious economic losses.

[0003] Cucumber root-knot nematodes mainly threaten the underground roots of the plant, mostly occurring on the lateral roots and fibrous roots, forming nodules of varying sizes, commonly known as "sweet potatoes"; the nodular root knots are white and smooth at first, then turn yellow-brown to dark brown, with a rough or even cracked surface, and rot in severe cases. There are no symptoms of disease on the outside of the nodules, but when the inside of the root knots are dissected, white pear-shaped bodies slightly larger than a pinhead can be seen, which are the pathogenic female nematodes and are also evidence for the diagnosis of the disease.

[0004] In recent years, cucumber root-knot nematodes have been developing more and more seriously, limiting the yield of cucumbers. Therefore, it has become an urgent need in the art to provide an agent that can effectively prevent and control cucumber root-knot nematodes. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a medicament for controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and achieve effective control of cucumber root-knot nematodes.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a medicament for preventing and controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes, comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0008] 3-6 parts of matrine, 10-15 parts of cornus officinalis extract and 25-35 parts of ginkgo extract;

[0009] The cornus officinalis extract is a cornus officinalis root extract.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medicament comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0011] 5 parts of matrine, 12 parts of cornus officinalis extract and 30 parts of ginkgo extract.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the Cornus officinalis extract comprises the following steps:

[0013] The roots of Cornus officinalis are subjected to ultrasonic extraction using ethanol, and the obtained extract is freeze-dried to obtain a crude extract;

[0014] The crude extract is dissolved in water and then extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate phase is collected, concentrated under reduced pressure, and freeze-dried to obtain the Cornus officinalis extract.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the ginkgo extract comprises the following steps:

[0016] Mash the ginkgo nuts in water, filter the obtained slurry, and collect the filtrate;

[0017] The filtrate was extracted with chloroform, and the obtained extract was dried and then 60 The ginkgo extract is obtained by Co-γ irradiation, concentration under reduced pressure and freeze drying.

[0018] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, 60 The dose of Co-γ irradiation was 0.8 kGy.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned medicament, comprising the following steps:

[0020] The raw material components are mixed according to a mass ratio to obtain the agent for preventing and controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes.

[0021] The present invention further provides the use of the above agent in controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes, preferably, at 30-35 g / m 2 The application amount is applied.

[0022] Matrine is a natural plant pesticide that has certain contact toxicity to nematodes, but the insecticidal effect is not ideal. The present invention extracts effective ingredients from Cornus officinalis and Ginkgo biloba, and compound the obtained Cornus officinalis extract and Ginkgo biloba extract with a small amount of matrine, and the obtained agent can achieve excellent toxicity to cucumber root-knot nematodes.

[0023] The present invention has found that the part of Cornus officinalis that can effectively kill nematodes is its root, while the insecticidal effect of other parts is not significant.

[0024] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0025] The agent for preventing and controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes of the present invention is a plant-based agent, which can achieve high-efficiency contact killing of cucumber root-knot nematodes and inhibit their reproduction. At the same time, due to the plant-based characteristics of the raw material components of the agent, microorganisms in nature can form a degradation mechanism for these raw material components, so it has no phytotoxicity to crops and has the significant advantage of being environmentally friendly.

[0026] The agent of the invention has a highly effective toxic effect on cucumber root-knot nematodes and is also green, safe and low-cost, and has extremely high value for promotion and application in the agricultural field. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0029] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0030] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0031] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] The agent for preventing and controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes comprises the following raw material components in the following mass proportions:

[0034] 6 parts of matrine, 10 parts of cornus officinalis extract and 30 parts of ginkgo extract;

[0035] Preparation of a medicament for preventing and controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes:

[0036] (1) Preparation of Cornus officinalis extract:

[0037] The roots of Cornus officinalis were washed, dried and crushed to 200 mesh, then added to anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic extraction (15 min each time, repeated extraction 3 times), the obtained extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and the crude extract was obtained after freeze-drying;

[0038] The obtained crude extract was dissolved in water and then extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate phase was collected, concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and then freeze-dried to obtain the Cornus officinalis extract.

[0039] (2) Preparation of Ginkgo Extract:

[0040] Add ginkgo nuts to water 50 times its mass, crush them, filter the obtained slurry, collect the filtrate, extract with chloroform, add anhydrous sodium sulfate to dry, and then use the obtained extract to 60 The ginkgo extract was obtained by irradiating with a Co-γ irradiation source at room temperature (with a dose of 0.8 kGy), concentrating under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and then freeze-drying.

[0041] (3) The prepared Cornus officinalis extract, Ginkgo extract and matrine are mixed according to a mass ratio to obtain an agent for controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] The agent for preventing and controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes comprises the following raw material components in the following mass proportions:

[0044] 5 parts of matrine, 12 parts of cornus officinalis extract and 30 parts of ginkgo extract;

[0045] Preparation of a medicament for preventing and controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes:

[0046] (1) Preparation of Cornus officinalis extract:

[0047] The roots of Cornus officinalis were washed, dried and crushed to 200 mesh, then added to anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic extraction (15 min each time, repeated extraction 3 times), the obtained extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and the crude extract was obtained after freeze-drying;

[0048] The obtained crude extract was dissolved in water and then extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate phase was collected, concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and then freeze-dried to obtain the Cornus officinalis extract.

[0049] (2) Preparation of Ginkgo Extract:

[0050] Add ginkgo nuts to water 60 times its mass, crush them, filter the obtained slurry, collect the filtrate, extract with chloroform, add anhydrous sodium sulfate to dry, and then use the obtained extract to 60The ginkgo extract was obtained by irradiating with a Co-γ irradiation source at room temperature (with a dose of 0.8 kGy), concentrating under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and then freeze-drying.

[0051] (3) The prepared Cornus officinalis extract, Ginkgo extract and matrine are mixed according to a mass ratio to obtain an agent for controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] The agent for preventing and controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes comprises the following raw material components in the following mass proportions:

[0054] 3 parts of matrine, 15 parts of cornus officinalis extract and 25 parts of ginkgo extract;

[0055] Preparation of a medicament for preventing and controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes:

[0056] (1) Preparation of Cornus officinalis extract:

[0057] The roots of Cornus officinalis were washed, dried and crushed to 200 mesh, then added to anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic extraction (15 min each time, repeated extraction 3 times), the obtained extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and the crude extract was obtained after freeze-drying;

[0058] The obtained crude extract was dissolved in water and then extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate phase was collected, concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and then freeze-dried to obtain the Cornus officinalis extract.

[0059] (2) Preparation of Ginkgo Extract:

[0060] Add ginkgo nuts to water 80 times its mass, crush them, filter the obtained slurry, collect the filtrate, extract with chloroform, add anhydrous sodium sulfate to dry, and then use the obtained extract to 60 The ginkgo extract was obtained by irradiating with a Co-γ irradiation source at room temperature (with a dose of 0.8 kGy), concentrating under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and then freeze-drying.

[0061] (3) The prepared Cornus officinalis extract, Ginkgo extract and matrine are mixed according to a mass ratio to obtain an agent for controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes.

[0062] Comparative Example 1

[0063] The only difference from Example 1 is that no Cornus officinalis extract is added.

[0064] Comparative Example 2

[0065] The only difference from Example 1 is that the roots of Cornus officinalis in step (1) are replaced by mature fresh flowers.

[0066] Comparative Example 3

[0067] The only difference from Example 1 is that the roots of Cornus officinalis in step (1) are replaced by Cornus officinalis leaves.

[0068] Comparative Example 4

[0069] The only difference from Example 1 is that no ginkgo extract is added.

[0070] Comparative Example 5

[0071] Matrine is directly administered as a pharmaceutical agent.

[0072] Effect verification example:

[0073] Plots with uniform distribution of root-knot nematodes and moderate to heavy infestation were selected for effect verification.

[0074] The experimental land was divided into 9 plots, each plot was 18 square meters, and the treatment groups were respectively applied with the agents of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5, and the clean water treatment was used as the blank control group.

[0075] The experimental plots were fertilized with basal fertilizer, tilled, tilled, and watered until the soil moisture reached 60%, and then the pesticide (35 g / m 2 ), rotary tillage was carried out after the application, and then film covering was carried out. After two weeks, the plastic film was uncovered, and cucumbers were planted 30 days after spraying (planting density was 3550 plants / 667m 2 ). Cucumbers are managed according to conventional management methods during their growth period.

[0076] After the last cucumber harvest, 35 cucumbers were randomly selected from each plot, the roots were dug out, the number of diseased plants at each level was recorded according to the disease classification, and the prevention and control effects were statistically analyzed.

[0077] The cucumber root system was statistically analyzed according to the following disease classification standard (GB / T 17980.38-2000):

[0078] Level 0: No disease symptoms, no galls or root knots on the entire root system;

[0079] Level 1: There are a few small galls on the root system, and the root nodes are not connected to each other;

[0080] Level 3: 2 / 3 of the root system is covered with small galls, and a small number of root knots are connected to each other;

[0081] Level 5: The root system is covered with small galls and has secondary galls, and less than half of the root nodes are connected to each other;

[0082] Level 7: The root system is covered with small galls and secondary galls, more than half of the root nodes are interconnected, and the root system forms a fibrous root mass.

[0083] Control effect (%) = (1-disease index of the treated area after drug administration / disease index of the blank control area after drug administration) × 100;

[0084] Among them, disease index = ∑ (number of diseased plants at each level × number of corresponding levels) / (total number of plants investigated × 7) × 100; the experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0085] Table 1

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] Table 2

[0089] Yield (kg / mu) VC content (mg / 100g) Soluble sugar content (%) Example 1 6225 10.74 8.13 Example 2 6387 10.87 8.21 Example 3 6204 10.56 8.09 Comparative Example 1 5806 9.02 7.21 Comparative Example 2 5812 9.02 7.18 Comparative Example 3 5822 9.01 7.20 Comparative Example 4 5897 9.05 9.26 Comparative Example 5 5326 7.23 7.54 Blank control group 3087 6.52 5.21

[0090] During the experiment, the pesticide damage to the plants after application was tracked and observed, and the growth and health conditions of all plants after application were observed, and no pesticide damage was found; drug residue tests were conducted on mature fruits, and no residues of any drug components were found in the fruits.

[0091] The medicament for preventing and controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes of the present invention has a scientific ratio of raw material components, has excellent effect in preventing and controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes, does not cause medicament damage to cucumbers, can ensure cucumber yield, and has great promotion and application value.

[0092] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A medicament for preventing and controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 3-6 parts of matrine, 10-15 parts of cornus officinalis extract and 25-35 parts of ginkgo extract; The preparation method of the Cornus officinalis extract comprises the following steps: The root of Cornus officinalis is subjected to ultrasonic extraction using ethanol, and the obtained extract is freeze-dried to obtain a crude extract; After dissolving the crude extract in water, extracting with ethyl acetate, collecting the ethyl acetate phase, concentrating under reduced pressure, and freeze-drying to obtain the Cornus officinalis extract; The preparation method of the ginkgo extract comprises the following steps: Mash the ginkgo nuts in water, filter the obtained slurry, and collect the filtrate; The filtrate was extracted with chloroform, and the obtained extract was dried and then 60 The ginkgo extract is obtained by Co-γ irradiation, concentration under reduced pressure and freeze drying.

2. The drug according to claim 1, characterized in that The invention comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 5 parts of matrine, 12 parts of cornus officinalis extract and 30 parts of ginkgo extract.

3. The drug according to claim 1, characterized in that Said 60 The dose of Co-γ irradiation was 0.8 kGy.

4. The method for preparing the medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The raw material components are mixed according to a mass ratio to obtain the agent for preventing and controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes.

5. Use of the agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in controlling cucumber root-knot nematodes.

6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that: According to 30-35g / m 2 The application amount is applied.

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