A single pile foundation wave energy power generation device and cluster power generation system

Abstract

The present invention provides a single pile foundation wave energy power generation device and a cluster power generation system, wherein the single pile foundation wave energy power generation device comprises a support system, a power generation system, a mass adjustment system and an analysis control system; the support system is a single pile foundation, fixedly connected to the seabed to support the power generation system and the mass adjustment system; the power generation system is used to drive its power generation by gravity potential wave energy, and comprises a power generation float, and the power generation float is used to perform heave and sink motion in the support system by gravity potential wave energy; the analysis control system is used to control the mass adjustment system according to the change of the outstanding period of waves in the sea area to adjust the natural period of the power generation float to maximize the heave displacement amplitude of the power generation float. The present invention has a simple structure, wide applicability, high power generation efficiency, small wave force, high safety, high reliability, simple maintenance and low cost, and is very suitable for wave energy power generation in medium and shallow waters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wave energy power generation, and in particular to a single pile foundation wave energy power generation device and a cluster power generation system suitable for medium and shallow water areas. Background Art

[0002] The ocean covers 70% of the earth's surface. Wave impact contains huge energy, which is a clean and renewable energy source. The use of wave energy will not cause any environmental pollution. The energy generated on 1 square kilometer of sea surface can reach about 200,000 kW. Based on this, the global wave energy reserve is about 2.5 billion kW, which is a huge energy reserve.

[0003] Wave energy has high energy density, wide distribution, easy to use directly, clean and pollution-free, and inexhaustible. However, there are still some problems with current wave energy power generation devices. The most important one is the efficiency of wave energy conversion. The conversion of wave energy into electrical energy usually goes through three levels of conversion: the first level is the wave receiving body, which absorbs the wave energy in the sea area and converts it into its own energy; the second level is the intermediate conversion device, which optimizes the first level conversion and produces sufficiently stable energy; the third level is the power generation device, which is similar to other power generation devices. Usually, the efficiency of the first level of wave energy conversion is relatively low, so improving the efficiency of the wave receiving body in absorbing wave energy is an inevitable problem when using wave energy. The second is the foundation form of the wave energy power generation device. The foundation forms in the field of marine engineering are divided into fixed and floating types. The fixed foundation mainly includes single pile foundation, gravity foundation, jacket foundation, suction tube foundation, etc. The floating foundation mainly includes single column, semi-submersible and tension leg. Fixed foundations are generally used in shallow waters, and the most commonly used are single pile foundations and jacket foundations. Single pile foundations have a simple structure, but their bearing capacity is limited. Jacket foundations have good stability, but they have a complex structure, high cost, and cumbersome construction. In the process of utilizing wave energy, it is particularly important to design a foundation form with a simple structure, good mechanical properties, and high safety.

[0004] Therefore, the industry urgently needs to develop a wave energy power generation device with simple structure, small wave force, high safety, wide applicability, strong adaptability, low cost, high power generation efficiency and good economy, so as to effectively utilize the abundant offshore wave energy resources and promote the sustainable development of the world's energy field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a single pile foundation wave energy power generation device and a cluster power generation system, which have a simple structure, wide applicability, high power generation efficiency, small wave force, high safety, high reliability, easy maintenance and low cost, and are very suitable for wave energy power generation in medium and shallow waters.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, a single pile foundation wave energy power generation device is provided, comprising a support system, a power generation system, a mass adjustment system and an analysis and control system; the support system is a single pile foundation, fixedly connected to the seabed for supporting the power generation system and the mass adjustment system; the power generation system is used to drive its power generation by gravity potential wave energy, comprising a power generation float, and the power generation float is used to perform heave and sink motion in the support system by gravity potential wave energy; the analysis and control system is used to control the mass adjustment system according to the change of the outstanding period of waves in the sea area to adjust the natural period of the power generation float to maximize the heave displacement amplitude of the power generation float.

[0008] Preferably, the support system includes a single pile, a base, multiple columns and a deck; the single pile is fixedly connected to the seabed, and the center of the base is fixedly connected to the upper end of the single pile; the lower end of the column is fixedly connected to the base, and the upper end is fixedly connected to the deck, and a slide rail along the length direction of the column is arranged on the column surface of each column, and the power generation float is rollingly connected to the slide rail.

[0009] Preferably, the base and the deck are both equilateral triangles, and there are three columns, whose lower ends are fixedly connected to the three vertices of the base of the equilateral triangle, and whose upper ends are fixedly connected to the deck; preferably, two sliding rails are provided on the column surface of each column, and the two sliding rails are adjacent to each other on the column surface at 180°.

[0010] Preferably, the support system further comprises a fence and a superstructure, wherein the fence and the superstructure are arranged around the deck to protect the facilities and related personnel on the deck.

[0011] Preferably, the power generation system comprises one power generation float and two sets of generators; the inner cavity of the power generation float is used to accommodate variable water bodies, and the analysis and control system is used to control the mass regulation system to adjust the water mass of the inner cavity of the power generation float according to the changes in the wave dominant period of the sea area, thereby adjusting the natural period of the power generation float to maximize the heave displacement amplitude of the power generation float; the power generation float is provided with a rack and a roller, and the power generation float is rollingly connected to the slide rail on the column through the roller so as to perform heave and sink motion on the multiple columns; the two sets of generators are located on the deck, and each generator is provided with a one-way bearing and a gear, the rack of the power generation float is meshed with the gear, one end of the one-way bearing is connected to the gear, and the other end is connected to the generator.

[0012] Preferably, the mass regulation system also includes a water tank, a water pump, a valve, a drain pipe and a water inlet pipe; the water tank is located on the deck, the drain pipe and the water inlet pipe are respectively connected to the water tank and the inner cavity of the power generation float, the water pump is located in the water tank and connected to the drain pipe, the valve is connected to the water inlet pipe, and the water pump and the valve are both communicatively connected to the analysis and control system.

[0013] Preferably, the analysis and control system includes a wave buoy and an analysis control unit, wherein the wave buoy is located in the sea area near the monopile foundation wave energy power generation device, and is used to collect wave data and send it to the analysis control unit; the analysis control unit is respectively communicated with the water pump, the valve and the wave buoy, and is used to calculate and adjust the mass of the power generation buoy according to the wave data analysis of the wave dominant period changes in the sea area, thereby adjusting the natural period of the power generation buoy to maximize the heave displacement amplitude of the power generation buoy.

[0014] Preferably, the analysis and control system is configured to perform the following process: when the wave dominant period increases by a predetermined value, the mass of the power generation float that needs to be increased is calculated, and the valve is controlled to open to inject water from the water tank into the inner cavity of the power generation float through the water inlet pipe to increase the mass of the power generation float, thereby reducing the natural frequency of the heave and sink motion of the power generation float, and increasing the natural period so that the natural period of the power generation float is equal to the current wave dominant period, thereby forming resonance to maximize the heave displacement amplitude of the power generation float; when the wave dominant period decreases by a predetermined value, the mass of the power generation float that needs to be reduced is calculated, and the water pump is controlled to open to pump water from the inner cavity of the power generation float into the water tank through the drain pipe to reduce the mass of the power generation float, thereby increasing the natural frequency of the heave and sink motion of the power generation float, and decreasing the natural period so that the natural period of the power generation float is equal to the current wave dominant period, thereby forming resonance to maximize the heave displacement amplitude of the power generation float.

[0015] Preferably, the power-generating float includes a float body and a truss, the inner cavity of the float body is used to accommodate a variable water body, the float body is provided with a plurality of hollow cylindrical shafts corresponding to the number of the columns, the roller is arranged on the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical shaft, the column passes through the hollow cylindrical shaft, the truss is connected to the top of the float body, and the rack is arranged on the truss.

[0016] Preferably, two of the rollers are arranged at two elevations of the inner wall of each hollow shaft.

[0017] Preferably, the float body is in the shape of an inverted truncated cone; preferably, the bottom of the hollow cylindrical shaft and the lower end of the column are sealed and connected via a retractable connector.

[0018] Preferably, the mass of water that can be accommodated in the inner cavity of the float body is multiple times that of the self-weight of the power generation float.

[0019] Preferably, both groups of generators are configured to generate electricity when the gears rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, and when the power generation float rises or falls, the rotation directions of the corresponding gears connected to the two groups of generators are opposite, so that when the power generation float rises or falls, one group of generators generates electricity and the other group of generators does not generate electricity.

[0020] Preferably, there are two generators, one generator is a group. Correspondingly, there are two trusses, and the racks on one truss are correspondingly meshed with the gears on one generator.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a cluster power generation system, including at least two power generation devices, where the power generation device is the single-pile foundation wave energy power generation device described in the first aspect, and the power generation devices are arranged in a cluster in the medium and shallow sea areas.

[0022] Preferably, the at least two power generation devices share an analysis and control system; preferably, the cluster power generation system further includes a submarine cable, and the submarine cable is connected to the power generation system for outward cluster output of electric energy, converging to a nearby booster station or directly transmitted to the land.

[0023] Preferably, there are 8 power generation devices, and the cluster layout form in the sea area is a "field" shape. The analysis and control system is located in the center of the "field" shape, and the 8 power generation devices are arranged on the four sides of the "field" shape.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0025] (1) The single-pile foundation wave energy power generation device of the present invention has high power generation efficiency, strong adaptability, wide application range, simple overall structure, large stiffness, not easy to deform, high stability and reliability, low construction and installation costs, easy to maintain and repair, has good economy, and can adapt to a relatively large water depth range.

[0026] (2) In the cluster power generation system of the present invention, the power generation monomers are arranged in a cluster in the sea area, greatly improving the utilization efficiency of wave energy, and at the same time having good economy.

[0027] (3) The present invention has a sensing and frequency modulation function. By performing real-time spectrum analysis on wave data through the analysis and control system, the quality of the power generation float is adjusted according to the change of the wave dominant period, so as to adjust the natural period of the heave motion of the power generation float to maximize the heave displacement amplitude of the power generation float, achieving the purpose of improving power generation efficiency.

[0028] (4) In the preferred embodiment, the present invention adopts a single pile foundation with three columns arranged on the base. Compared with the traditional large-diameter single pile, the wave force on the foundation structure is greatly reduced. At the same time, the three columns are arranged more compactly, which reduces the force arm of the wave force and improves the structural safety.

[0029] (5) In the preferred embodiment, the present invention symmetrically arranges two sets of generators on the deck. Through gear transmission and the limitation of one-way bearings, it is ensured that the devices can generate electricity normally and efficiently when wave peaks and troughs come, thereby greatly improving the utilization efficiency of wave energy.

[0030] (6) In the preferred embodiment, the power generation float of the present invention cooperates with the column through rollers and slide rails, which not only limits the movement range of the power generation float, but also reduces the friction between the power generation float and the column, reduces the energy loss in the power generation process, and improves the energy conversion efficiency.

[0031] (7) In the preferred embodiment, the present invention fully considers the impact of corrosion on the entire power generation device, and provides good protection for the facilities, rollers and slide rails on the deck, thereby greatly reducing the impact of seawater corrosion on the power generation device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a stereoscopic view of the side of a single pile foundation wave energy power generation device without the superstructure part according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a front view of a single pile foundation wave energy power generation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a side view of a single pile foundation wave energy power generation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention with the superstructure part removed.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a top view of a single pile foundation wave energy power generation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention without the top surface of the superstructure.

[0036] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a cluster power generation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the support system in the monopile foundation wave energy power generation device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 It is a stereoscopic diagram of a power generation float in a single pile foundation wave energy power generation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the roller and the column in the single pile foundation wave energy power generation device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description.

[0041] It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention. In order to make the purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, please refer to the drawings. It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no technical substantive significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that the directional terms such as left, right, up, down, top, and bottom in this embodiment are only relative concepts or are based on the normal use state of the product, and should not be considered as restrictive. When an element is said to be "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is said to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0043] Since the current wave energy power generation devices have low power generation efficiency and imperfect foundation structure forms, a specific embodiment of the present invention provides a single pile foundation wave energy power generation device, which includes a support system, a power generation system, a mass adjustment system and an analysis and control system; the support system is a single pile foundation, which is fixedly connected to the seabed to support the power generation system and the mass adjustment system; the power generation system is used to drive its power generation by relying on gravity potential wave energy, including a power generation float, and the power generation float is used to perform heave and sink motion in the support system by relying on gravity potential wave energy; the analysis and control system is used to control the mass adjustment system according to the changes in the outstanding period of waves in the sea area to adjust the natural period of the power generation float to maximize the heave displacement amplitude of the power generation float.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 1-8As shown, the support system includes a single pile 1, a base 2, a plurality of columns 3 and a deck 5. The single pile 1 is driven into the seabed to a certain depth and fixedly connected to the seabed. It mainly bears loads such as gravity and overturning moment caused by wind, wave and current environmental loads. The center of the base 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the single pile 1, the lower end of the column 3 is fixedly connected to the base 2, and the upper end of the column 3 is fixedly connected to the deck 5. A slide rail 4 along the length direction of the column is arranged on the column surface of each column 3, and the power generation float 13 is rollingly connected to the slide rail 4. In this preferred example, the base 2 and the deck 5 are both equilateral triangles, and the column 3 is a thick-walled hollow circular steel pipe, with three of them, whose lower ends are fixedly connected to the three vertex positions of the equilateral triangle base 2, and the upper ends are fixedly connected to the deck 5; preferably, two slide rails 4 are arranged on the column surface of each column 3, and the two slide rails 4 are adjacent to each other on the column surface of the column 3 at 180°. In this preferred example, the support system also includes a fence 6 and a superstructure 7, which are arranged around the deck 5 to protect the facilities on the deck 5 (such as the generator 16 in this example) and related personnel, reducing the erosion and damage of the deck 5 facilities by the external environment such as salt spray and sea breeze, and the roof of the superstructure 7 can also provide a berth for helicopter parking. The arrangement of the three columns 3 is relatively compact, which greatly reduces the wave force on the structure and the wave force arm, and the structural safety is higher.

[0045] exist Figure 1-8 In the embodiment, the connections between the various parts of the support system (single pile 1, base 2, column 3, deck 5, fence 6 and superstructure 7) are all rigid connections, which together form a stable space frame structure with simple structure and high safety.

[0046] exist Figure 1-8 In the embodiment, the power generation system includes a power generation float 13 and two sets of generators. The inner cavity of the power generation float 13 is used to accommodate variable water bodies. The analysis and control system is used to control the mass adjustment system to adjust the water quality of the inner cavity of the power generation float according to the change of the wave superior period in the sea area, so as to adjust the natural period of the power generation float to maximize the heave displacement amplitude of the power generation float. The power generation float 13 is provided with a rack 1304 and a roller 1306. The power generation float 13 is rollingly connected to the slide rail 4 on the column 3 through the roller 1306 to perform heave movement on the column 3. The two sets of generators are located on the deck 5. Each generator 16 in the two sets of generators is provided with a one-way bearing 15 and a gear 14. The rack 1304 of the power generation float 13 is meshed with the gear 14 of the generator. One end of the one-way bearing 15 is connected to the gear 14, and the other end is connected to the generator 16.

[0047] Preferably, the power generation float 13 includes a float body 1301 and a truss 1302. The inner cavity of the float body 1301 is used to accommodate a variable water body. The float body 1301 is provided with a plurality of hollow cylindrical shafts 1305 corresponding to the number of the columns 3. The rollers 1306 are arranged on the inner walls of the hollow cylindrical shafts 1305. The columns 3 pass through the hollow cylindrical shafts 1305. The truss 1302 is connected to the top of the float body 1301. The rack 1304 is arranged on the truss 1302. Figure 1-8 In the embodiment, there are three hollow cylindrical shafts 1305, and a column 3 is arranged in each hollow cylindrical shaft 1305. Figure 7 As shown, the lower half of the power generation float 13 (i.e., the float body 1301) is in the shape of an inverted truncated cone. The inverted truncated cone-shaped float body 1301 has a larger heave and sink displacement response in waves and a higher wave energy conversion efficiency. The upper half is two trusses 1302. The two trusses 1302 are located on the upper side of the float body 1301. A plurality of diagonal braces 1303 are provided for connecting the trusses 1302 and the top surface of the float body 1301. Two racks 1304 are welded on the outer sides of the two trusses 1302.

[0048] Preferably, the two sets of generators are symmetrically distributed on the deck 5, and the gear 14 is fixed on the deck 5 to convert the reciprocating linear motion (i.e., heave motion) of the power generation float 13 into a unidirectional clockwise or counterclockwise rotation. When the power generation device is installed in the sea, a portion of the float body 1301 is located below the sea surface, and a portion is located above the sea surface. When the power generation device is working, the two sets of generators are configured to generate electricity when the gear 14 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, and when the power generation float 13 rises or falls, the corresponding gears 14 of the two sets of generators rotate in opposite directions, so that when the power generation float 13 rises or falls, one set of generators generates electricity, and the other set of generators does not generate electricity, so that when the power generation float 13 rises or falls, it can generate electricity when the wave crest or wave trough comes, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. For example, in a wave cycle of wave crest-wave trough-wave crest, after the wave crest, the power generation float 13 rises, and after the wave trough, the power generation float 13 falls, one set of generators generates electricity during the rising process, and another set of generators generates electricity during the falling process. Specifically, in this example, when the wave crest comes, the power generation float 13 drives the rack 1304 to move upward along the column 3 under the action of the dynamic water pressure and gravity, so that Figure 2As can be seen in the figure, the left gear 14 rotates counterclockwise, and the right gear 14 rotates clockwise. At this time, under the action of the one-way bearing 15, the left generator 16 does not generate electricity (assuming that the generator 16 generates electricity when it rotates clockwise), and the right generator 16 generates electricity; when the trough comes, the power-generating float 13 drives the rack 1304 to move downward along the column 3 under the action of the dynamic water pressure and gravity, and the left gear 14 rotates clockwise, and the right gear 14 rotates counterclockwise; at this time, under the action of the one-way bearing, the left generator 16 generates electricity (assuming that the generator 16 generates electricity when it rotates clockwise), and the right generator 16 does not generate electricity.

[0049] exist Figure 1-8 In the example shown, there are two generators, one generator 16 forms a group, and correspondingly, there are two trusses 1302, which are symmetrically distributed on the top of the float body 1301, and the rack 1304 on one truss 1302 meshes with the gear 14 on one generator 16. In other examples, the generators are not limited to two, for example, there can be four or other numbers, for example, when there are four generators, two generators can form a group, and correspondingly, there are four trusses 1302.

[0050] In this example, the power generation float 13 is a thin-walled steel structure, and its lower part is isolated from seawater. For example, the bottom of the hollow cylindrical shaft 1305 is sealed with the bottom of the column 3 through a retractable connector 20 (for example, a retractable rubber tube) to prevent seawater from entering the gap between the power generation float 13 and the column 3, thereby reducing the corrosion of the slide rail 4 by seawater. Preferably, the interior of the float body 1301 is also provided with reinforcing structures such as reinforcing ribs to further increase the overall rigidity.

[0051] In this example, the power generation float 13 is welded with two groups of twelve rollers 1306, which are respectively welded on the inner walls of the three hollow cylindrical shafts 1305 of the power generation float 13. Preferably, two three-section sections of the hollow cylindrical shaft 1305 are selected as two elevations, and two adjacent 180-degree rollers 1306 are respectively arranged in a hollow cylindrical shaft 1305 at each elevation, that is, 6 rollers 1306 are arranged at one elevation. The power generation float 13 moves vertically up and down along the slide rail 4 welded on the column 3 through the rollers 1306. The inner cavity of the float body 1301 is used to accommodate a variable water body to adjust its total mass. The mass of the water body that can be accommodated is approximately multiple times (for example, more than 10 times, preferably 10 times to 12 times) the weight of the power generation float 13, so as to adjust the natural period of the rising and sinking movement of the power generation float 13 within a larger range; the top surface of the power generation float 13 is opened, and is connected to the water tank 8 through the drain pipe 11 and the water inlet pipe 12.

[0052] exist Figure 1-8In the embodiment, the quality adjustment system includes a water tank 8, a water pump 9, a valve 10, a drain pipe 11 and a water inlet pipe 12; the water tank 8 is located on the deck 5, the drain pipe 11 and the water inlet pipe 12 are respectively connected to the water tank 8 and the inner cavity of the power generation float 13, the water pump 9 is located in the water tank 8 and connected to the drain pipe 11, the valve 10 is connected to the water inlet pipe 12, and the water pump 9 and the valve 10 are both communicatively connected to the analysis and control system.

[0053] exist Figure 1-8 In the embodiment, the analysis and control system includes a wave buoy 17 and an analysis and control unit 18. The wave buoy 17 is located in the sea area near the single pile foundation wave energy power generation device, and is used to collect wave data and send it to the analysis and control unit 18; the analysis and control unit 18 is respectively communicated with the water pump 9, the valve 10 and the wave buoy 17, and the start and stop of the water pump 9 and the opening and closing of the valve 10 are controlled by the analysis and control unit 18. The analysis and control unit 18 performs real-time spectrum analysis on the wave data to obtain the wave dominant period, and quickly calculates the mass that needs to be increased or decreased for the power generation float 13. For example, when the wave dominant period increases by a predetermined value, the analysis and control unit 18 controls the valve 10 to open so as to inject water from the water tank 8 into the inner cavity of the power generation float 13 through the water inlet pipe 12, thereby increasing the mass of the power generation float 13, so that the natural frequency of the heave and sinking motion of the power generation float 13 is reduced, and the natural period is increased so that the natural period of the power generation float 13 is equal to the current wave dominant period, thereby forming resonance to maximize the heave and sink displacement amplitude of the power generation float; when the wave dominant period decreases by a predetermined value, the analysis and control unit 18 controls the water pump 9 to open so as to pump water from the inner cavity of the power generation float 13 into the water tank 8 through the drain pipe 11, thereby reducing the mass of the power generation float 13, thereby increasing the natural frequency of the heave and sinking motion of the power generation float 13, and reducing the natural period so that the natural period of the power generation float 13 is equal to the current wave dominant period, thereby forming resonance to maximize the heave and sink displacement amplitude of the power generation float 13.

[0054] The specific implementation of the present invention further provides a cluster power generation system, which includes at least two power generation devices, wherein the power generation devices are the above-mentioned single pile foundation wave energy power generation devices, and the power generation devices are arranged in clusters in medium and shallow waters.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, further reference is made to Figure 5, the at least two power generation devices share an analysis and control system to synchronously adjust all the power generation devices; the cluster power generation system further includes a submarine cable 19, and the submarine cable 19 is connected to the power generation system for outward cluster power output, converging to a nearby booster station or directly transmitted to the land; preferably, in this example, there are 8 power generation devices, and the cluster layout form in the sea area is in a "field" shape, the analysis and control unit 18 is located in the center of the "field" shape, the 8 power generation devices are arranged on the four sides of the "field" shape, and the wave buoy 17 is located at an appropriate distance outside the "field" shape. These eight power generation devices share a set of wave buoy 17 and analysis and control unit 18. In this example, the 8 power generation devices are arranged at equal intervals.

[0056] In the example of the present invention, the process of generating electricity using the above cluster power generation system includes: when the wave current passes through the power generation device, due to the existence of hydrodynamic pressure and gravity, under the restriction of the column 3, the power generation float 13 of the power generation system performs heaving motion along the slide rail on the column 3 through the roller, driving the rack and gear to move, and finally driving the generator to rotate. The generated electricity is output outward in a cluster through the submarine cable 19, converging to a nearby booster station or directly transmitted to the land.

[0057] The analysis and control system receives wave data in real time, analyzes the change of the wave dominant period in the sea area according to the wave data, and adjusts the natural period of the power generation float to maximize the heaving displacement amplitude of the power generation float according to the change of the wave dominant period in the sea area. Specifically, when the analysis and control system monitors that the change of the wave dominant period is large, it starts the frequency modulation function and makes the following judgments: when the wave dominant period increases by a predetermined value, calculate the mass that the power generation float needs to increase, control to increase the mass of the power generation float, so that the natural frequency of the heaving motion of the power generation float decreases and the natural period increases to make the natural period of the power generation float equal to the current wave dominant period, and then form resonance to maximize the heaving displacement amplitude of the power generation float; when the wave dominant period decreases by a predetermined value, calculate the mass that the power generation float needs to decrease, control to decrease the mass of the power generation float, so that the natural frequency of the heaving motion of the power generation float increases and the natural period decreases to make the natural period of the power generation float equal to the current wave dominant period, and then form resonance to maximize the heaving displacement amplitude of the power generation float. Thus, the purpose of improving the power generation efficiency is achieved.

[0058] In summary, the present invention provides a single-pile foundation wave energy power generation device and a cluster power generation system, which have high power generation efficiency, simple structure, and at the same time have a self-sensing frequency modulation function, wide applicability, high power generation efficiency, good mechanical properties, small wave force, high safety, high reliability, simple maintenance and low cost. It is very suitable for wave energy power generation in medium and shallow water areas, can greatly improve the utilization efficiency of wave energy, relieve the world energy pressure, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of human society.

[0059] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred implementations, and the specific implementation of the present invention cannot be considered to be limited to these descriptions. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single pile foundation wave energy power generation device, characterized in that: It comprises a support system, a power generation system, a mass adjustment system and an analysis and control system; the support system is a single pile foundation, fixedly connected to the seabed to support the power generation system and the mass adjustment system; the power generation system is used to drive its power generation by gravity potential wave energy, and comprises a power generation float, and the power generation float is used to perform heave and sink motion in the support system by gravity potential wave energy; the analysis and control system is used to control the mass adjustment system according to the change of the outstanding period of waves in the sea area to adjust the natural period of the power generation float to maximize the heave displacement amplitude of the power generation float; The support system includes a monopile, an equilateral triangle base, columns and an equilateral triangle deck; the monopile is fixedly connected to the seabed, and the center of the base is fixedly connected to the upper end of the monopile; there are three columns, the lower ends of which are fixedly connected to the three vertices of the equilateral triangle base, and the upper ends are fixedly connected to the deck, and a slide rail is arranged on the column surface of each column along the length direction of the column, and the power generation float is rollingly connected to the slide rail.

2. The monopile foundation wave energy power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two slide rails are arranged on the column surface of each column, and the two slide rails are adjacent to each other at 180 degrees on the column surface of the column.

3. The monopile foundation wave energy power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support system further comprises a fence and a superstructure, wherein the fence and the superstructure are arranged around the deck to protect facilities and related personnel on the deck.

4. The monopile foundation wave energy power generation device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The power generation system includes a power generation float and two sets of generators; the inner cavity of the power generation float is used to accommodate variable water bodies, and the analysis and control system is used to control the mass adjustment system to adjust the water mass of the inner cavity of the power generation float according to the changes in the wave dominant period of the sea area, thereby adjusting the natural period of the power generation float to maximize the heave displacement amplitude of the power generation float; the power generation float is provided with a rack and a roller, and the power generation float is rollingly connected to the slide rail on the column through the roller to perform heave movement on the column; the two sets of generators are located on the deck, and each generator is provided with a one-way bearing and a gear, the rack of the power generation float is meshed with the gear, one end of the one-way bearing is connected to the gear, and the other end is connected to the generator.

5. The monopile foundation wave energy power generation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass regulation system also includes a water tank, a water pump, a valve, a drain pipe and a water inlet pipe; the water tank is located on the deck, the drain pipe and the water inlet pipe are respectively connected to the water tank and the inner cavity of the power generation float, the water pump is located in the water tank and connected to the drain pipe, the valve is connected to the water inlet pipe, and the water pump and the valve are both communicatively connected to the analysis and control system.

6. The monopile foundation wave energy power generation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The analysis and control system includes a wave buoy and an analysis control unit. The wave buoy is located in the sea area near the monopile foundation wave energy power generation device and is used to collect wave data and send it to the analysis control unit. The analysis control unit is respectively communicated with the water pump, the valve and the wave buoy, and is used to calculate and adjust the mass of the power generation buoy according to the wave data analysis of the wave dominant period change in the sea area, thereby adjusting the natural period of the power generation buoy to maximize the heave displacement amplitude of the power generation buoy.

7. The monopile foundation wave energy power generation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The analysis control system is configured to perform the following process: When the wave dominant period increases by a predetermined value, the mass of the power generation float that needs to be increased is calculated, and the valve is controlled to open to inject water from the water tank into the inner cavity of the power generation float through the water inlet pipe to increase the mass of the power generation float, thereby reducing the natural frequency of the heave motion of the power generation float and increasing the natural period so that the natural period of the power generation float is equal to the current wave dominant period, thereby forming resonance to maximize the heave displacement amplitude of the power generation float; When the wave dominant period is reduced by a predetermined value, the mass of the power generation float that needs to be reduced is calculated, and the water pump is controlled to open to pump water from the inner cavity of the power generation float to the water tank through the drain pipe, thereby reducing the mass of the power generation float, thereby increasing the natural frequency of the heave and sink motion of the power generation float, and reducing the natural period so that the natural period of the power generation float is equal to the current wave dominant period, thereby forming resonance to maximize the heave displacement amplitude of the power generation float.

8. The monopile foundation wave energy power generation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power generation float includes a float body and a truss. The inner cavity of the float body is used to accommodate a variable water body. The float body is provided with a plurality of hollow cylindrical shafts corresponding to the number of the columns. The rollers are arranged on the inner walls of the hollow cylindrical shafts. The columns pass through the hollow cylindrical shafts. The truss is connected to the top of the float body, and the rack is arranged on the truss.

9. The monopile foundation wave energy power generation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two of the rollers are respectively arranged at two elevations of the inner wall of each hollow shaft.

10. The monopile foundation wave energy power generation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The float body is in the shape of an inverted truncated cone.

11. The monopile foundation wave energy power generation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the hollow cylindrical shaft is sealed and connected to the lower end of the column via a telescopic connecting piece.

12. The monopile foundation wave energy power generation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the float body can accommodate water with a mass that is multiple times the deadweight of the power generation float.

13. The monopile foundation wave energy power generation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The two sets of generators are configured to generate electricity when the gears are driven to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, and when the power generation float rises or falls, the corresponding gears connected to the two sets of generators rotate in opposite directions, so that when the power generation float rises or falls, one set of generators generates electricity and the other set of generators does not generate electricity.

14. The monopile foundation wave energy power generation device according to claim 13, characterized in that: There are two generators, one generator forms a group, and correspondingly, there are two trusses, and the rack on one truss meshes with the gear on one generator.

15. A cluster power generation system, characterized in that: It comprises at least two power generation devices, wherein the power generation device is a single pile foundation wave energy power generation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, and the power generation device is arranged in clusters in medium and shallow waters.

16. The cluster power generation system according to claim 15, characterized in that: The at least two power generation devices share a common analysis and control system.

17. The cluster power generation system according to claim 15, characterized in that: The cluster power generation system further includes a submarine cable, which is connected to the power generation device for outward cluster power output, converging to a nearby booster station or directly transmitted to the onshore area.

18. The cluster power generation system according to claim 16, characterized in that: There are 8 power generation devices, which are arranged in a "field" shape in the sea area in a cluster manner. The analysis and control system is located at the center of the "field" shape, and the 8 power generation devices are arranged on the four sides of the "field" shape.

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