A method for producing iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner using solid waste

Abstract

The present invention proposes a method for producing an iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner using solid waste, comprising: a. crushing iron tailings and coal gangue in a crusher respectively, fully mixing them in a mixer in proportion, placing them in a muffle furnace for heating for 1 to 4 hours, and passing through a 100-mesh sieve after cooling to obtain modified iron tailings; b. stirring cow dung, rice straw, coal gangue, and modified iron tailings in a stainless steel dry-wet mixer, adding citric acid and oxalic acid, stirring for 30 to 40 minutes, adding ammonium sulfate, stirring for 20 to 30 minutes, and aging for 24 hours; c. loading the aged material into a ball mill for grinding, and pouring the powder into a rolling ball machine to form a pellet to obtain a soil conditioner. The present invention can be used for the improvement, conditioning, repair, and land fertilization of mine soil, salinized soil, etc., so that soil that is not suitable for plant growth can be turned into good land for planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and relates to a method for producing an iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner by utilizing solid waste. The method is mainly used for improving, conditioning, repairing and fertilizing mining soil, salinized soil and the like, so as to turn soil that is not suitable for plant growth into good land for planting. Background Art

[0002] With the growth of population and the development of agricultural production, my country is facing the problem of shortage of land resources and gradual deterioration of soil quality. Soil conditioners can change the arrangement and combination of particles in the soil, making the soil looser and more breathable, and can increase the total porosity and capillary porosity of the soil, reduce the bulk density of the soil, thereby improving the soil structure and improving the utilization efficiency of land resources. Soil conditioners can increase the content of organic matter and trace elements in the soil, promote the activity of microorganisms in the soil and the development of plant roots, improve soil fertility, and increase crop yields.

[0003] The resource utilization of solid waste is one of the effective ways to solve the problems of environmental pollution and resource shortage. Solid waste contains a large amount of reusable resources. Effective technical means are adopted to recycle and process these reusable materials, which reduces the amount of domestic waste and the harm to the environment. By recycling them, new raw materials can be obtained, the dependence on natural resources can be reduced, and the sustainable use of resources can be achieved.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for a method for preparing soil conditioners using effective resources in solid waste, which is not only conducive to the reuse and recycling of resources, but also can effectively solve the environmental problems caused by solid waste, while providing high-quality soil conditioners for agricultural production. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner using solid waste, which is mainly used for the improvement, conditioning, repair and land fertilization of mining soil, salinized soil, etc., so that soil that is not suitable for plant growth can be turned into good land for planting, thereby solving the problems in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for producing an iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner using solid waste, characterized in that: the iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by mass:

[0007] 45-61 parts of iron tailings, 21-31 parts of coal gangue, 15-21 parts of cow dung, 35-50 parts of rice straw, 0.28-0.47 parts of ammonium sulfate, 0.64-0.71 parts of citric acid, and 2.13-3.61 parts of oxalic acid;

[0008] The production method comprises the following steps:

[0009] a. The iron tailings and coal gangue were crushed in a crusher, the crushed iron tailings and coal gangue were fully mixed in a mixer at a ratio of 5:1, heated in a muffle furnace for 1 to 4 hours, and after cooling, sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain modified iron tailings;

[0010] b. Put cow dung, rice straw, remaining coal gangue, and modified iron tailings in a stainless steel mixer, add citric acid and oxalic acid during stirring, stir for 30 to 40 minutes, stop for 10 to 20 minutes, add ammonium sulfate, stir for 20 to 30 minutes, and age for 24 hours;

[0011] c. The aged material is put into a ball mill and ground to a particle size of no more than 0.2 mm. The obtained powder is poured into a ball rolling machine to form pellets to obtain a soil conditioner.

[0012] Wherein: In step a, the muffle furnace temperature Controlled at 850~950℃.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0014] (1) Iron-carbon microelectric field is usually zero-valent iron (Fe 0 ) and activated carbon are used as anode and cathode respectively. In the process of contacting each other in the presence of water medium, the anode releases electrons, and the cathode receives and transfers electrons, which can form countless microscopic primary cells microscopically. The present invention converts Fe in iron tailings into 2 O 3 Converted to Fe 0 , as the anode of the micro-electric field, with coal gangue as the carbon source, as the cathode of the micro-electric field, the principle of generating the micro-electric field is as follows:

[0015] Positive level: Fe 0 - 2e - → Fe 2+

[0016] Anode: Fe 2+ -e - → Fe 3+

[0017] Negative level: 2H + +2e - → 2[H]

[0018] Iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner can increase plant physiological potential or cell magnetic potential, effectively promote crop growth and development, improve nutrient transportation and absorption capacity, significantly improve crop agronomic traits, significantly increase yield, and improve fertilizer yield potential. It is a new way to increase crop yield.

[0019] (2) The silicon, iron and aluminum ions in iron tailings and coal gangue are acidified by organic acids into soluble small molecular organic matter, some of which can adsorb ionic base ions, and some can be absorbed and utilized by plants as nutrients, thereby reducing the alkalinity of the soil, increasing soil fertility, and regulating the pH of the soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention. Implementation

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a method for producing an iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner using solid waste, wherein the iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by mass:

[0022] Iron tailings 45~61, coal gangue 21~31, cow dung 15~21, rice straw 35~50, ammonium sulfate 0.28~0.47, citric acid 0.64~0.71, oxalic acid 2.13~3.61;

[0023] The production method comprises the following steps:

[0024] a. The iron tailings and coal gangue are crushed in a crusher to less than 100 mesh, and the crushed iron tailings and part of the coal gangue are fully mixed in a mixer at a ratio of 5:1, and placed in a muffle furnace for heating for 1 to 4 hours. After cooling, the particles are sieved through a 100-mesh sieve, and the large particles are crushed until all are sieved to obtain modified iron tailings;

[0025] b. Put cow dung, rice straw, remaining coal gangue, and modified iron tailings in a stainless steel mixer, add citric acid and oxalic acid during stirring, stir for 30 to 40 minutes, stop for 10 to 20 minutes, add ammonium sulfate, continue stirring for 20 to 30 minutes, and then age for 24 hours;

[0026] c. The aged material is put into a ball mill and ground to a particle size of no more than 0.2 mm. The obtained powder is poured into a ball rolling machine to form pellets, thereby obtaining a soil conditioner.

[0027] Wherein: In step a, the muffle furnace temperature Controlled at 850~950℃.

[0028] The present solution is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0029] In this embodiment, the element content or purity of each component is as follows:

[0030] Iron tailings: total iron content (TFe) 11.21%, iron content (Fe 2 O 3 ) 4.9%, silicon content (SiO2 ) 75.8%, aluminum content (Al 2 O 3 )0.44%;

[0031] Gangue: Iron content (Fe 2 O 3 ) 8.5%, silicon content (SiO 2 ) 58.9%, aluminum content (Al 2 O 3 ) 26.5%, carbon content 25%;

[0032] Cow dung: water content 79.2%, organic matter content 29.8%;

[0033] Rice straw: organic matter content 65.4%;

[0034] Ammonium sulfate: purity 99.5%; Citric acid: purity 99.5%; Oxalic acid: purity 99.5%.

[0035] Preferably, the cow dung is well-rotted cow dung.

[0036] The quality indicators of the soil conditioner of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] 1. Organic matter (on a dry basis): 20-30%;

[0038] 2. pH: 6~8;

[0039] 3. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content: 5~6%;

[0040] 4. Silicon (on dry basis) SiO 2 : 35~45%;

[0041] 5. Aluminum silicon (on dry basis) Al 2 O 3 : 4~6%;

[0042] 6. Iron content (on dry basis): 3~4%. Example 1

[0043] A method for producing an iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner using solid waste, comprising the following steps:

[0044] a. The iron tailings and coal gangue were crushed in a crusher, 45 parts of crushed iron tailings and 9 parts of crushed coal gangue were fully mixed in a mixer according to the proportion, heated at 900 ° C in a muffle furnace for 1 hour, and all passed through a 100 mesh sieve after cooling to obtain modified iron tailings;

[0045] b. 15 parts of cow dung, 35 parts of rice straw, 15 parts of coal gangue, the modified iron tailings obtained in step a were placed in a stainless steel wet and dry mixer, 0.65 parts of citric acid and 2.2 parts of oxalic acid were added during stirring, stirred for 30 minutes, stopped for 10 minutes, 0.3 parts of ammonium sulfate were added, stirred for 20 minutes, and aged for 24 hours;

[0046] c. The aged material is put into a ball mill for grinding, and the obtained powder is poured into a ball rolling machine to form pellets to obtain a soil conditioner. Example 2

[0047] A method for producing an iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner using solid waste, comprising the following steps:

[0048] a. The iron tailings and coal gangue were crushed in a crusher, 50 parts of the crushed iron tailings and 10 parts of the crushed coal gangue were fully mixed in a mixer according to the proportion, placed in a muffle furnace and heated at 850 ° C for 2 hours, and after cooling, passed through a 100 mesh sieve to obtain modified iron tailings;

[0049] b. 17 parts of cow dung, 40 parts of rice straw, 17 parts of coal gangue, and modified iron tailings were placed in a stainless steel wet and dry mixer, and 0.68 parts of citric acid and 3.15 parts of oxalic acid were added during the stirring process, stirred for 30 minutes, stopped for 15 minutes, 0.35 parts of ammonium sulfate were added, stirred for 20 minutes, and aged for 24 hours;

[0050] c. Put the aged material into the ball mill and grind it, and pour the obtained powder into the ball rolling machine

[0051] The soil conditioner is obtained by making pellets. Example 3

[0052] A method for producing an iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner using solid waste, comprising the following steps:

[0053] a. The iron tailings and coal gangue were crushed in a crusher, 60 parts of the crushed iron tailings and 12 parts of coal gangue were fully mixed in a mixer according to the proportion, heated at 950 ° C in a muffle furnace for 1 hour, and passed through a 100 mesh sieve after cooling to obtain modified iron tailings;

[0054] b. 20 parts of cow dung, 48 parts of rice straw, 19 parts of coal gangue, and modified iron tailings were placed in a stainless steel wet and dry mixer, and 0.70 parts of citric acid and 3.60 parts of oxalic acid were added during the stirring process, stirred for 40 minutes, stopped for 20 minutes, 0.46 parts of ammonium sulfate were added, stirred for 30 minutes, and aged for 24 hours;

[0055] c. The aged material is put into a ball mill for grinding, and the obtained powder is poured into a ball rolling machine to form pellets to obtain a soil conditioner.

[0056] The soil improvement conditioner prepared in Examples 1-3 was tested, and its quality standards were as follows: Example 1

[0057] 1. Organic matter (on a dry basis): 24.5%;

[0058] 2. pH: 6.3;

[0059] 3. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content: 0.55%;

[0060] 4. Silicon (on dry basis) SiO 2 :39.5%;

[0061] 5. Aluminum silicon (on dry basis) Al 2 O 3 :5.4%;

[0062] 6. Iron content (on dry basis): 3.5%. Example 2

[0063] 1. Organic matter (on dry basis): 24.7%;

[0064] 2. pH: 6.8;

[0065] 3. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content: 0.55%;

[0066] 4. Silicon (on dry basis) SiO 2 :38.9%;

[0067] 5. Aluminum silicon (on dry basis) Al 2 O 3 :5.3%;

[0068] 6. Iron content (on dry basis): 3.4%. Example 3

[0069] 1. Organic matter (on a dry basis): 24.9%;

[0070] 2. pH: 7.5;

[0071] 3. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content: 0.55%;

[0072] 4. Silicon (on dry basis) SiO 2 :38.9%;

[0073] 5. Aluminum silicon (on dry basis) Al 2 O 3 :5.2%;

[0074] 6. Iron content (on dry basis): 3.4%.

[0075] The method of using the soil conditioner in this scheme is as follows:

[0076] Soil improvement can be used as base fertilizer (bottom fertilizer), with an application rate of 240-480 kg per mu. It can be spread on the surface and tilled before planting.

[0077] Taking the improver prepared in Example 1 as a reference, after applying according to the above standards, ten plots of land in different locations were selected for improvement, each plot of 0.5 mu in size, the size of the control plot was the same as the test plot, and the locations were adjacent to the improved plots. Sorghum, corn and rice were planted in the test plots, and the other planting conditions were exactly the same. The yields were recorded after harvest. According to calculations, compared with the control plot, the yields of the improved land increased, among which: sorghum increased by 8%, corn increased by 10%, and rice increased by 11%.

[0078] Soil conditioner use effect test:

[0079] a. Test materials: Solid waste production iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0080] Salinized soil: Jilin saline-alkali soil

[0081] b. Test content:

[0082] (1) Decrease in soil pH

[0083] (2) The total soil salt content, exchangeable sodium content, and cation exchange capacity are reduced.

[0084] (3) The soil alkalinity decreases, and the formula is as follows:

[0085] Alkalinity ESP (%) = exchangeable sodium content / cation exchange capacity × 100%.

[0086] Test results:

[0087] The solid waste iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner prepared in Example 2 of the present invention was mixed evenly with saline-alkali soil, and the application amount was 1.6 g / kg. The soil moisture content was maintained at 60%. After 30 days, the physical and chemical properties of the improved soil were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0088] Soil indicators Comparison 1 Example 1 pH 9.34 9.21 Alkalinity 38.1% 27.3% Cation exchange capacity 14.8 coml / kg 14.7 coml / kg Total salt 0.37% 0.22% Exchangeable Sodium 5.65 coml / kg, 4.02 coml / kg

[0089] Comparison: Saline-alkali soil was placed under the same conditions for 30 days.

[0090] The evaluation indicators that affect the cultivation of plants in saline-alkali land mainly include soil pH, soil alkalinity, and total soil salt content. The test results show that compared with untreated saline-alkali soil, the salt and alkali indicators of the soil after adding the solid waste production iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner of the present invention have improved, among which the soil pH is reduced by 0.13, the soil alkalinity is reduced by 10.8%, and the total salt content of the soil is reduced by 0.15%, proving that the soil conditioner of the present invention has a significant improvement effect on saline-alkali soil.

[0091] In summary, this scheme can effectively improve saline-alkali soil and effectively increase crop yields.

Claims

1. A method for producing an iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner using solid waste, characterized in that: The iron-carbon micro-electric field soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by mass: Iron tailings 45~61, coal gangue 21~31, cow dung 15~21, rice straw 35~50, ammonium sulfate 0.28~0.47, citric acid 0.64~0.71, oxalic acid 2.13~3.61; The production method comprises the following steps: a. The iron tailings and coal gangue are crushed in a crusher respectively, and the crushed iron tailings and coal gangue are fully mixed in a mixer at a ratio of 5:1, and placed in a muffle furnace for heating for 1 to 4 hours, and after cooling, the mixture is passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain modified iron tailings; wherein the temperature of the muffle furnace is controlled at 850 to 950°C; b. Put cow dung, rice straw, remaining coal gangue, and modified iron tailings in a stainless steel mixer, add citric acid and oxalic acid during stirring, stir for 30 to 40 minutes, stop for 10 to 20 minutes, add ammonium sulfate, stir for 20 to 30 minutes, and age for 24 hours; c. The aged material is put into a ball mill and ground to a particle size of no more than 0.2 mm. The obtained powder is poured into a ball rolling machine to form pellets to obtain a soil conditioner.

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