A cave monitoring system capable of controlling initial conditions

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cave monitoring system capable of controlling initial conditions, including a simulated precipitation module, a karst system and a monitoring system framework. The simulated precipitation module is composed of a pump room, a precipitation pipeline and a precipitation control system, which can realize personalized precipitation environment settings and provide support for diversity research needs; the karst system is divided into multiple subsystems, each of which includes a soil layer, a bedrock layer and a cave layer. The land cover type is simulated by adjusting the composition of the overlying vegetation, the hydrogeological background is simulated by adjusting the type and composition of the soil and bedrock, and the ventilation effect is simulated by adjusting the cave exhaust equipment; the monitoring system framework adopts reinforced concrete to provide a stable support for the system and separate the subsystems. The advantages of the system are highly accurate environmental simulation, real-time monitoring of multiple parameters, flexible and customizable experimental design and scalability, and it is expected to be widely used in a variety of related experimental fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of cave monitoring, and in particular relates to a cave monitoring system capable of controlling initial conditions. Background Art

[0002] With the development of global change research, the need to use cave secondary carbonate sediments to restore past environmental changes and human activity history has become increasingly prominent. Cave secondary carbonate sediments have the advantage of high-precision dating and have become one of the important means to reconstruct past climate change. Clarifying the climate-indicative significance of various proxy indicators of cave secondary carbonate sediments plays a fundamental role in accurately reconstructing past climate change.

[0003] In order to obtain the climate-indicative significance of various indicators of cave secondary carbonate sediments through modern process monitoring of karst systems, researchers have adopted a variety of monitoring methods. Current monitoring research is mainly divided into three directions: field cave monitoring, laboratory-scale small-scale model monitoring, and large-scale in-situ test site construction. Field cave monitoring is limited by the spatial heterogeneity of karst areas, and it is difficult to accurately define the boundaries, drainage paths and runoff fields of cave systems, which makes field experiments often difficult to quantitatively analyze. Laboratory small-scale model monitoring can control various monitoring conditions, but its environment is quite different from that of real caves, so the representativeness and applicability of the results obtained are limited. The existing large-scale in-situ test sites mainly focus on water-carbon cycles, and pay insufficient attention to the monitoring of geochemical indicators of caves and cave secondary carbonate deposits, which limits the application of cave sediments in past climate and environmental research.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an in-situ karst monitoring system based on controllable initial conditions from the perspective of caves and cave sediments. Such a system will be able to effectively combine cave environment simulation and geochemical indicator monitoring, provide more accurate and comprehensive support for cave secondary carbonate sediments in the field of paleoclimate and paleoenvironment reconstruction, and provide a new technical platform for multi-parameter monitoring and multi-indicator interpretation of karst processes. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a cave monitoring system capable of controlling initial conditions.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A cave monitoring system capable of controlling initial conditions comprises the following parts:

[0008] Simulated precipitation module: The simulated precipitation module is composed of a pump room, a precipitation pipeline and a precipitation control system. The pump room includes a water storage tank and a water pump. The water storage tank stores the water source required for the simulated precipitation system to generate precipitation. The water pump is connected to the precipitation pipeline, and the flow rate and time are controlled by the precipitation control system.

[0009] Karst system: The karst system is divided into multiple subsystems, each of which includes a simulated karst system consisting of a soil layer, a bedrock layer and a cave layer, wherein the soil layer is located at the upper part of the karst system, and the land cover conditions overlying the cave are simulated by regulating the overlying vegetation type, soil composition and thickness of the soil layer; the bedrock layer is located in the middle part of the karst system and is composed of carbonate rocks, and the size and proportion of the voids in the bedrock are controlled by regulating the composition and structure of the rocks; the cave layer is located at the lower part of the karst system and is a separated space, in which measuring instruments for monitoring various parameters in the simulated cave are placed;

[0010] Monitoring system framework: The monitoring system framework is constructed of reinforced concrete, including a foundation for supporting the entire system and partition walls for separating the karst subsystems and supporting the karst middle and upper structures.

[0011] As a preferred option, water samples in the water storage tank carry one or more different water chemical characteristics or stable isotope characteristics for different research purposes and scenarios, thereby providing more information for the research.

[0012] As a preferred solution, each karst subsystem is equipped with an independent precipitation pipeline, and a different precipitation environment is set for each karst subsystem through a precipitation control system to simulate different hydrological conditions.

[0013] As a preferred option, each karst subsystem is equipped with independent ventilation equipment and ventilation control system to simulate the airflow conditions in caves of different environments, so as to better simulate the real situation.

[0014] As a preferred option, hydrological observation holes and soil profile sampling points are provided in the soil layer to monitor and obtain soil hydrological parameters.

[0015] As a preferred solution, part of the carbonate rock in the bedrock layer is piled with gravel to simulate the seepage environment, and the other part is a whole rock with holes to simulate the fracture flow environment. The water flow parameters of the cave can be controlled by adjusting the void type (pipe, fracture, pore).

[0016] As a preferred option, the bedrock layer is also provided with a drip plate, on which there are concave sump and seepage points penetrating the stone slab, which can be placed on the partition wall to achieve precise control of water collection and drip points in the bedrock layer of the karst system, further simulating the real situation.

[0017] The cave monitoring system of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] Experimental conditions are controllable: Through the precipitation simulation module, the system can realize personalized precipitation environment settings for each karst subsystem and accurately simulate different precipitation conditions. This precise environmental simulation can better simulate different climate conditions and provide a more accurate data basis for research.

[0019] Comprehensive parameter monitoring: Each karst subsystem is equipped with a variety of measuring instruments to monitor various parameters of the cave system, including water flow parameters, water chemical parameters, ventilation conditions, etc. This diverse parameter monitoring can provide researchers with a richer data set to gain a deeper understanding of the dynamic processes of the cave system.

[0020] Experimental content can be customized: precipitation conditions, hydrological processes, ventilation conditions, etc. in the system can be customized according to the research purpose. This enables researchers to design experiments for different scientific questions and hypotheses, and achieve more accurate simulation and data collection.

[0021] Flexible expansion: Since each karst subsystem is independently configured, the system has strong scalability. The number of subsystems can be increased or decreased as needed to meet the research needs of different scales and complexities.

[0022] In summary, the karst cave multi-parameter monitoring system with controllable initial conditions of the present invention provides an innovative solution for cave environment simulation and geochemical index monitoring, and will have important application prospects in the fields of geology, climate change, and water resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is the schematic diagram of the system structure;

[0024] Figure 2 This is the front view of the system;

[0025] Figure 3 This is the rear view of the system;

[0026] Figure 4 This is the functional diagram of this system;

[0027] Explanation of the numbers in the figure: 1. Pump room; 2. Precipitation pipeline; 3. Soil layer; 4. Bedrock layer; 5. Cave layer: 6. Monitoring system frame foundation; 7. Monitoring system frame partition wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0029] The present invention relates to a cave monitoring system with controllable initial conditions, which can provide accurate cave environment simulation and geochemical index monitoring through precipitation simulation, karst system construction and multi-parameter monitoring, and provide a more accurate data basis for the study of cave secondary carbonate sediments. The following is a specific implementation method of the system:

[0030] Step 1: Build the monitoring system framework

[0031] First, the monitoring system framework is built, which is the foundation and support of the entire system. The monitoring system framework is constructed of reinforced concrete, including the bottom foundation 6 and partition walls 7. The design and stability of the foundation are very critical, as it will support the load of the entire system. The number of partition walls 7 will directly affect the setting of precipitation pipelines in the karst subsystem and the simulated precipitation module. In order to ensure the stability and bearing capacity of the framework, standard construction engineering methods are used during the construction process to ensure that the structure of the framework is firm and meets the design requirements.

[0032] Step 2: Build a precipitation simulation module

[0033] After the monitoring system framework is built, the next step will be to enter the construction stage of the simulated precipitation module. First, a pump room 1 is built inside the framework, and a water tank and a water pump are configured in the pump room 1. The water tank will store water for simulating precipitation, and the water pump will be connected to the precipitation control system through the precipitation pipeline 2. The precipitation pipeline 2 will be arranged according to the number of partition walls 7, and each karst subsystem will be equipped with an independent precipitation pipeline 2. Through the precipitation control system, we can accurately control the flow and time of precipitation, thereby achieving different precipitation environments for each karst subsystem.

[0034] Step 3: Build the karst system

[0035] After completing the construction of the simulated precipitation module, the next step will be to build the karst system. The karst system will be divided into multiple subsystems, each of which consists of a soil layer 3, a bedrock layer 4, and a cave layer 5. When building, start from the bottom, first place the cave layer 5, and arrange cave environment observation-temperature and humidity instrument, CO2 instrument; drip point monitoring-drip counter, flow monitor and other monitoring equipment in the cave layer 5; a small studio is used to store collected dripping water and glass pieces deposited with secondary carbonate sediments. Next, carbonate rocks will be arranged on the upper bracket of the cave layer 5, one part of which will use gravel accumulation to simulate the seepage environment, and the other part will simulate the fracture flow environment by drilling holes in the whole rock. After that, lime soil will be laid on the upper part of the bedrock layer 4 as the soil layer 3 of the karst system, and the composition and thickness of the upper soil layer 3 of different karst subsystems will be adjusted to simulate different cave land cover conditions.

[0036] Step 4: Improve the karst subsystem settings

[0037] Independent ventilation equipment and ventilation control systems are equipped in each karst subsystem to simulate the airflow conditions in the cave. Hydrological observation holes and soil profile sampling points are set in soil layer 3 to monitor and obtain soil hydrological parameters.

[0038] Step 5: Optimize the precipitation simulation module settings

[0039] After the karst subsystem is set up, the settings of the simulated precipitation module are further optimized. The water samples in the reservoir will have one or more different hydrochemical characteristics or stable isotope characteristics to meet the needs of different research purposes and scenarios. The precipitation control system can be used to control the periodicity and amount of precipitation in a timely and quantitative manner to simulate precipitation. Different precipitation environments can be customized according to the characteristics of each karst subsystem to simulate diverse hydrological conditions.

[0040] According to the above steps, the cave monitoring system with controllable initial conditions of the present invention will achieve accurate environmental simulation and control, diversified parameter monitoring, customizable experimental design and strong scalability. This innovative solution will have important application prospects in the fields of geology, climate change and water resources.

Claims

1. A cave monitoring system capable of controlling initial conditions, characterized in that: The system comprises the following parts: Simulated precipitation module: the simulated precipitation module is composed of a pump room (1), a precipitation pipeline (2) and a precipitation control system. The pump room includes a water storage tank and a water pump. The water storage tank stores water required for the simulated precipitation system to generate precipitation. The water pump is connected to the precipitation pipeline, and the flow rate and time are controlled by the precipitation control system. Karst system: The karst system is divided into multiple subsystems, each of which includes a simulated karst system consisting of a soil layer (3), a bedrock layer (4) and a cave layer (5), wherein the soil layer (3) is located at the upper part of the karst system, and the land cover conditions overlying the cave are simulated by regulating the vegetation type, soil composition and thickness of the soil layer (3). The bedrock layer (4) is located in the middle part of the karst system and is composed of carbonate rock. The size and proportion of the voids in the bedrock are controlled by regulating the composition and structure of the rock. A portion of the carbonate rock in the bedrock layer (4) is The bedrock layer (4) is provided with a drip plate, which is a square stone plate. The stone plate is provided with a concave water collection pit and a water seepage point penetrating the stone plate. The drip plate can be placed on the partition wall (7) of the monitoring system frame to realize the precise control of the water collection and dripping points of the bedrock layer of the karst system. The cave layer (5) is located at the lower part of the karst system and is a separated space. The measuring instruments for monitoring various parameters in the simulated cave are arranged. Monitoring system framework: The monitoring system framework is constructed of reinforced concrete and includes a foundation (6) for supporting the entire system and a partition wall (7) for separating the karst subsystem and supporting the karst middle layer and upper structure.

2. The cave monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water samples in the water storage tank in the simulated precipitation module carry one or more different water chemical characteristics or stable isotope characteristics, which are used for different research purposes and scenarios.

3. The cave monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated precipitation module configures independent precipitation pipelines for multiple karst subsystems, which can be controlled by a precipitation control system to set different precipitation environments for each karst subsystem.

4. The cave monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact parts between the monitoring system frame and the components of the karst system are paved with waterproof materials to prevent the karst water from reacting with the building materials and causing the change of water chemical parameters.

5. The cave monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the karst subsystems is equipped with independent ventilation equipment and ventilation control system to simulate the air flow conditions in the cave.

6. The cave monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Hydrological observation holes and soil profile sampling points are arranged in the soil structure in the soil layer to monitor and obtain soil hydrological parameters.

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