Digital twin sensing and identification system for geological disasters

Abstract

The present invention provides a digital twin perception and identification system for formation disasters, which belongs to the field of formation analysis technology, and includes: drilling multiple main pipes at the center of a calibrated area, and drilling multiple secondary pipes at a certain distance from the main pipes. The information related to the transmitter and the receiver is fed back to the host computer in real time, and the specific position and range of the formation defect area are inferred by changing the position and angle of the transmitter and the receiver, and the defect area is reinforced on the ground. The gas replacement and material data transmission are achieved through the main pipe and the secondary pipe; when an accident occurs, the transmitter is taken out of the main pipe and personnel rescue is carried out. The digital twin perception and identification system for formation disasters provided by the present invention can conduct a relatively comprehensive detection of the formation, realize the gas replacement and material data transmission, improve the integration level of the entire system, improve the safety of construction, and ensure the stable progress of construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of stratum analysis, and more specifically, to a digital twin perception and identification system for stratum disasters. Background Art

[0002] Digital twins make full use of data such as physical models, sensor updates, and operation history, integrate multi-disciplinary, multi-physical, multi-scale, and multi-probability simulation processes, and complete mapping in virtual space, thereby reflecting the entire life cycle of the corresponding physical equipment. A virtual tunnel is established through a three-dimensional modeling method, and digital twin technology is used to achieve two-way real mapping and real-time interaction between real tunnels and virtual tunnels, thereby achieving real-time monitoring of the mining process and equipment and early warning of tunnel dynamic disasters. In the process of coal resource mining, mining response is inevitable, and the succession of mine excavation in the actual production process will cause changes in the initial geostress field. Changes in the distribution of stress concentration in the surrounding rock are prone to induce dynamic disasters such as rock burst and large deformation of tunnel surrounding rocks.

[0003] The existing ground accident perception and identification system is unable to conduct a relatively sufficient detection of the ground. In addition, during construction underground, materials and information cannot be transported in a timely manner. When an accident occurs, excavation is required to complete the rescue, which slows down the rescue work and the safety of the construction cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a digital twin perception and identification system for stratum disasters, aiming to solve the problems of being unable to conduct a relatively sufficient detection of the strata, unable to transport materials and information in a timely manner, and unable to rescue personnel in a timely manner.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a digital twin perception and identification system for formation disasters, including:

[0006] A marked area is demarcated on the ground according to the construction scope of the underground plan, a plurality of main pipes are drilled in the center of the marked area, and a plurality of secondary pipes are drilled at a certain distance from the main pipes;

[0007] The transmitter located inside the main tube sends out a detection signal, and the receiver inside the secondary tube is used to receive the detection signal;

[0008] Feedback the information related to the transmitter and the receiver to the host computer in real time, infer the specific position and range of the formation defect area by changing the position and angle of the transmitter and the receiver, and reinforce the defect area on the ground;

[0009] Constructing a formation model in the host computer, updating the model in real time according to the data fed back by the receiver, simulating accidents on the model, and issuing early warnings according to the simulation results;

[0010] Gas replacement and material data transmission are achieved through the main pipe and the secondary pipe; when an accident occurs, the transmitter is taken out from the main pipe and personnel are rescued.

[0011] In a possible implementation, drilling a plurality of main pipes at a central position of the calibration area and drilling a plurality of secondary pipes at a position spaced a certain distance from the main pipes comprises:

[0012] The top of the main pipe is located on the ground, and the bottom extends downward to the construction range;

[0013] The drilling depth of the secondary pipe is reasonably selected according to the difficulty of stratum drilling and the detection results.

[0014] In a possible implementation, drilling a plurality of secondary pipes at a position spaced a certain distance from the primary pipe comprises:

[0015] Setting up a guide rail in the secondary tube and installing the receiver on the guide rail;

[0016] The receiver can change its angle relative to the guide rail;

[0017] The receiver feeds back its own position and the received detection signal to the host computer in real time.

[0018] In a possible implementation, drilling a plurality of secondary pipes at a position spaced a certain distance from the primary pipe comprises:

[0019] According to the area and coverage of the calibration area, the number and respective positions of the secondary pipes are reasonably selected so that the detection range of the transmitter and the receiver can cover more of the strata above the construction range.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, the transmitter located inside the main tube sends a detection signal, and the receiver in the secondary tube is used to receive the detection signal, including:

[0021] Install the transmitter on a traction rod so that the traction rod passes through the inner side of the main pipe;

[0022] The position of the transmitter is adjusted and positioned by changing the position and angle of the traction rod.

[0023] In a possible implementation manner, the transmitter located inside the main tube sends a detection signal, and the receiver in the secondary tube is used to receive the detection signal, including:

[0024] By changing the position of the transmitter relative to the main pipe, the transmitter sends the detection signal to the receiver from different positions;

[0025] And a single transmitter may send the detection signal to the receivers located at different secondary tubes;

[0026] The connection line between the transmitter and the receiver is set as a detection route for the stratum.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the inferring the specific location and range of the formation defect area includes:

[0028] The detection signal itself has a certain energy value, and the energy value of the detection signal emitted from the transmitter attenuates to different degrees when passing through strata of different densities;

[0029] The detection signal attenuates more when passing through a formation with a lower density.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the inferring the specific position and range of the formation defect area by changing the position and angle of the transmitter and the receiver includes:

[0031] When the energy value of the detection signal received by the receiver is lower than a preset standard; recording the current detection route;

[0032] Changing the positions and angles of the transmitter and the receiver to form a new detection route, and ensuring that the two detection routes intersect;

[0033] If the energy values ​​received by the receiver twice are similar, then the intersection of the two detection routes may be the defect area, and it is necessary to set up multiple new detection routes for verification;

[0034] If there is a difference between the energy values ​​received by the receiver twice, it is proved that the intersection of the two detection new paths is not the defect area.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the inferring the specific location and range of the formation defect area and reinforcing the defect area on the ground includes:

[0036] The position and direction of the defective area are roughly calculated through multiple tests;

[0037] Corresponding verification is carried out on the ground, and the defective area is reinforced by injecting concrete or setting a plurality of anchor rods.

[0038] In a possible implementation, when an accident occurs, taking out the transmitter from the main pipe and rescuing personnel includes:

[0039] Taking the transmitter out of the main pipe by means of the pulling rod;

[0040] According to the type of accident, gas is supplemented and replaced through the main pipe and the secondary pipe;

[0041] A traction rope and the like are placed in the main pipe to complete the rescue of the personnel.

[0042] The beneficial effect of the digital twin perception and identification system for stratum disasters provided by the present invention is that: compared with the prior art, in the digital twin perception and identification system for stratum disasters of the present invention, a calibration area is first demarcated on the ground according to the construction scope of the underground plan, multiple main pipes are drilled into the center of the calibration area, and multiple secondary pipes are drilled at a certain distance from the main pipe. The transmitter is located inside the main pipe, the receiver is located in the secondary pipe, the transmitter sends a detection signal, the receiver receives the detection signal, and the host computer receives the data fed back by the transmitter and the receiver in real time. By changing the position and angle of the transmitter and the receiver, the specific position and range of the stratum defect area are inferred, and the defect area is reinforced on the ground. A model is constructed in the host computer, and the model is updated according to the data fed back by the receiver. At the same time, the gas replacement and material data transmission are realized through the main pipe and the secondary pipe. When an accident occurs, the main pipe is used to realize personnel rescue.

[0043] In the present application, by setting up the main pipe and the secondary pipe, the formation can be more fully detected, and on this basis, the gas replacement and material data transmission are realized, the integration level of the whole system is improved, the safety of the construction is improved, and the stable progress of the construction is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 A flow chart of the digital twin perception and identification system for potential geological disasters provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0047] See also Figure 1 The digital twin sensing and identification system for stratum disasters provided by the present invention is now described. The digital twin sensing and identification system for stratum disasters comprises:

[0048] A marking area is demarcated on the ground according to the construction scope of the underground plan, a plurality of main pipes are drilled in the center of the marking area, and a plurality of secondary pipes are drilled at a certain distance from the main pipes.

[0049] The transmitter located inside the main tube sends out a detection signal, and the receiver in the secondary tube is used to receive the detection signal.

[0050] The information related to the transmitter and receiver is fed back to the host computer in real time. By changing the position and angle of the transmitter and receiver, the specific location and range of the stratum defect area can be inferred, and the defect area can be reinforced on the ground.

[0051] A formation model is constructed in the host computer, the model is updated in real time according to the data fed back by the receiver, accidents are simulated on the model, and early warnings are issued based on the simulation results.

[0052] Gas replacement and material data transmission are achieved through the main pipe and the secondary pipe; when an accident occurs, the transmitter is taken out of the main pipe and personnel are rescued.

[0053] The beneficial effect of the digital twin perception and identification system for stratum disasters provided by the present invention is that: compared with the prior art, in the digital twin perception and identification system for stratum disasters of the present invention, a calibration area is first demarcated on the ground according to the construction scope of the underground plan, multiple main pipes are drilled into the center of the calibration area, and multiple secondary pipes are drilled at a certain distance from the main pipe. The transmitter is located inside the main pipe, the receiver is located in the secondary pipe, the transmitter sends a detection signal, the receiver receives the detection signal, and the host computer receives the data fed back by the transmitter and the receiver in real time. By changing the position and angle of the transmitter and the receiver, the specific position and range of the stratum defect area are inferred, and the defect area is reinforced on the ground. A model is constructed in the host computer, and the model is updated according to the data fed back by the receiver. At the same time, the gas replacement and material data transmission are realized through the main pipe and the secondary pipe. When an accident occurs, personnel rescue is realized through the main pipe.

[0054] In the present application, by setting up the main pipe and the secondary pipe, the formation can be more fully detected, and on this basis, the gas replacement and material data transmission are realized, the integration level of the whole system is improved, the safety of the construction is improved, and the stable progress of the construction is ensured.

[0055] With the development of my country's economy and the increasing demand for coal resources, the number of mines has increased significantly. Rock burst is one of the most serious disasters in coal mines, causing huge damage and losses. With the increase in mining depth, mining scope, and mining intensity, the number of rock bursts in mines across the country is gradually increasing, and the consequences are becoming more serious. However, the lack of a multi-parameter joint early warning and monitoring system for rock bursts and the low level of digitalization of management and operation still restrict mining. Combining digital twin technology with mine production and construction, and carrying out mining tunnel model simulation based on digital twins, can help users better understand the mining situation of coal seams and quickly and accurately deal with rock burst problems.

[0056] The current development of computer simulation technology and big data processing technology has provided new ideas and methods for the prevention and control of dynamic disasters in mines. Through comprehensive investigation and comprehensive analysis of relevant historical data on exploration, construction, mining, maintenance, etc. of the mining area, combined with the ultra-high simulation computing power of the computer, a large-scale full-time and space mining area numerical model is established, the mining work of the mining area is inverted, and the large-scale numerical simulation of the entire mining cycle of the mine is realized, and the distribution and evolution of the mining stress field are analyzed. Combined with the historical data of dynamic disasters in the mining area and the measured data of the current working face to compare the model calculation results, improve the accuracy and credibility of the assimilation analysis numerical calculation, and provide technical support for the evolution analysis of the mining stress field. Combining advanced digital twin technology with contemporary coal mining, promoting the extensive intelligent analysis and simulation control optimization of coal mines has become a research hotspot.

[0057] Construction, exploration and resource exploitation need to be carried out under the strata. In order to ensure the safety of the entire process, the strata need to be surveyed accordingly before the actual operation to ensure that no accidents such as collapse will occur during the operation. With the continuous development of technology, the detection accuracy and detection range of sensors have been greatly improved. Based on the above reasons, the digital twin system for the strata has been developed to a certain extent. With its accuracy and real-time performance, the digital twin technology can provide certain data references for current construction and other operations.

[0058] In some embodiments of the digital twin perception and identification system for formation disasters provided in the present application, drilling a plurality of main pipes at the center of the calibrated area and drilling a plurality of secondary pipes at a certain distance from the main pipes include:

[0059] The top of the main pipe is located on the ground, and the bottom extends downward to the construction area.

[0060] According to the difficulty of stratum drilling and the test results, the drilling depth of the secondary pipe should be reasonably selected.

[0061] It should be pointed out that although the existing digital twin system can provide certain technical support for possible accidents in the strata, it cannot be well synchronized with the actual strata structure, resulting in low accuracy and reliability. The reason for the above situation is that the constructed digital twin model is different from the actual one, that is, even if the shape and quality are similar, there are large differences in the internal density distribution and the direction of the rock formation.

[0062] The reason for the above situation is that the strata cannot be fully detected. Even with the existing technical means, it is impossible to 100% explore the stratum structure. In addition, some construction operations are located in the deeper part of the stratum, and the tunnel area dug by construction is large, so the impact on the stratum is more complicated. The existing detection technology cannot completely and effectively cover the construction calibration area, resulting in certain dangers in underground construction, and the existing digital twin technology cannot accurately predict possible accidents.

[0063] It is for the above reasons that in this application, corresponding detection is first carried out on the strata above the marked area. The purpose is to conduct accurate surveys before construction to determine whether the conditions for construction are met. By reinforcing areas where accidents may occur in advance, the possibility of disasters is reduced. In addition, real-time detection can be carried out during actual operations to avoid accidents.

[0064] In some embodiments of the digital twin sensing and identification system for formation disasters provided in the present application, drilling a plurality of secondary pipes at a location spaced a certain distance from the main pipe includes:

[0065] A guide rail is set up in the secondary pipe, and the receiver is installed on the guide rail.

[0066] The receiver can change its angle relative to the rail.

[0067] The receiver feeds back its own position and the received detection signal to the host computer in real time.

[0068] After the survey of the calibration area is completed, the relative positions of the main pipe and the secondary pipe are determined. A receiver is arranged in the secondary pipe. In order to facilitate operation and improve the detection accuracy, a guide rail is installed along the length direction of the secondary pipe. The receiver can slide along the guide rail, and the receiver can swing a certain angle relative to the guide rail to receive detection signals in different directions.

[0069] In some embodiments of the digital twin sensing and identification system for formation disasters provided in the present application, drilling a plurality of secondary pipes at a location spaced a certain distance from the main pipe includes:

[0070] According to the area and coverage of the calibration area, the number of secondary tubes and their respective positions are reasonably selected so that the detection range of the transmitter and receiver can cover more of the strata above the construction range.

[0071] For a more detailed description, a calibration area is first demarcated on the ground. After the calibration area is demarcated, the positions of multiple main pipes and multiple secondary pipes are determined. In specific applications, multiple main pipes are arranged at intervals in a relatively central position of the calibration area. In more cases, multiple main pipes are distributed on the central axis of the calibration area. After the positions of multiple main pipes are determined, secondary pipes are set at a certain distance from the main pipes. When the calibration area is small, multiple secondary pipes can be set outside the calibration area.

[0072] In actual application, the main pipe sends a detection signal to the outside. The detection signal sent by the main pipe is transmitted through the formation to multiple secondary pipes. The secondary pipes receive the corresponding detection signal. At this time, the formation conditions between the main pipe and the secondary pipe can be analyzed accordingly.

[0073] Normally, the bottom end of the main pipe extends downward until it reaches the depth of the formation where operation is required, while the depth of the secondary pipe can be appropriately reduced depending on the difficulty of the construction.

[0074] In some embodiments of the digital twin perception and identification system for formation disasters provided in the present application, a transmitter located inside the main pipe sends a detection signal, and a receiver in the secondary pipe is used to receive the detection signal, including:

[0075] Install the transmitter on the drawbar so that the drawbar passes through the inner side of the main pipe.

[0076] The transmitter position can be adjusted and positioned by changing the position and angle of the traction rod.

[0077] It should be pointed out that in some cases, operations need to be performed at a deeper position under the stratum, which leads to a longer length of the main pipe. The main pipe is not only used for stratum detection, but can also be used for personnel escape and underground air circulation. It is for the above reasons that the inner diameter of a single main pipe is relatively large.

[0078] When it is necessary to use a main pipe to transmit detection signals at multiple angles and positions, if the transmitter is arranged along the length of the main pipe, then when an accident occurs, the transmitter inside the main pipe cannot be quickly removed, and due to the long length of the main pipe, the cost of the entire transmitter is high.

[0079] It is for the above reasons that the transmitter can slide along the length of the main pipe, and the transmitter can change its angle relative to the main pipe, thereby sending detection signals at different angles. In order to achieve the above technical effects, a traction rod can be installed on the transmitter, the bottom end of the traction rod is fixed on the transmitter, and the top end can be manipulated with the help of other components. The final result is that the transmitter can be positioned at different positions of the main pipe according to needs.

[0080] In some embodiments of the digital twin perception and identification system for formation disasters provided in the present application, a transmitter located inside the main pipe sends a detection signal, and a receiver in the secondary pipe is used to receive the detection signal, including:

[0081] By changing the position of the transmitter relative to the main pipe, the transmitter sends detection signals to the receiver from different positions.

[0082] And a single transmitter can send detection signals to receivers located in different secondary tubes.

[0083] The connection line between the transmitter and the receiver is set as the detection route for the stratum.

[0084] Air circulation and the transportation of related materials and supplies are required in the main pipe, so the transmitter in the main pipe can be taken out of the main pipe. Based on the above reasons, the position and angle of the transmitter relative to the main pipe are changed by the traction rod, and the transmitter is taken out of the main pipe by the traction rod.

[0085] When actual detection is required, both the transmitter and the receiver need to be connected to the system for communication, and the current position and angle of the traction rod relative to the main pipe need to be determined in real time. At this time, the position and angle of the transmitter relative to the main pipe are also determined. When the detection signal is sent, the relative position and angle of the transmitter and the receiver are determined. At this time, the formation is analyzed accordingly based on the detection signal received by the receiver.

[0086] In some embodiments of the digital twin perception and identification system for formation disasters provided in this application, the specific location and range of the formation defect area are inferred to include:

[0087] The detection signal itself has a certain energy value. When the detection signal sent from the transmitter passes through strata of different densities, the degree of energy attenuation is different.

[0088] The detection signal attenuates more when passing through a formation with lower density.

[0089] To explain in more detail, after being sent from the transmitter, the detection signal first passes through the main pipe, then passes through the formation and the secondary pipe, and is finally received by the receiver.

[0090] The thickness of the material of the main pipe and the secondary pipe has been determined, so the impact on the detection signal is also determined. The detection signal itself has a certain energy value after being emitted from the transmitter. If there are no defects in the stratum between the main pipe and the secondary pipe, that is, there is a dense rock stratum, then the relative energy loss is minimal. If there is a defective area with low density between the stratum and the secondary pipe, the traction between the strata in this area is weak, and the stability of the entire stratum is poor. This area is also the most prone to accidents. At the same time, when the detection signal passes through the low-density area, the energy cannot be effectively transmitted, so the energy that the receiver can receive is weak. The detection signal is different from the electromagnetic signal. The detection signal can be regarded as a vibration signal or other similar signals.

[0091] In some embodiments of the digital twin perception and identification system for formation disasters provided in this application, by changing the position and angle of the transmitter and the receiver, the specific position and range of the formation defect area are inferred, including:

[0092] When the energy value of the detection signal received by the receiver is lower than the preset standard; the current detection route is recorded.

[0093] The positions and angles of the transmitter and receiver are changed to form a new detection route, and the two detection routes are ensured to intersect.

[0094] If the energy values ​​received by the two receivers are similar, then the intersection of the two detection routes may be a defect area, and it is necessary to set up multiple new detection routes for verification.

[0095] If there is a difference between the energy values ​​received by the two receivers, it proves that the intersection of the two new detection paths is not a defect area.

[0096] In the present application, the positions and angles of the transmitter and the receiver can be changed accordingly, and it is based on the above reasons that a more comprehensive detection of the stratum is achieved. In the actual application process, the positions of the transmitter and the receiver are marked in real time in the system, and according to the energy value of the detection signal received by the receiver, the stratum conditions between the current main pipe and the secondary pipe are inferred to a certain extent.

[0097] Since the detection signal received by the receiver can only determine the size of its energy value, it is based on the above reasons that in order to accurately determine the specific location of the formation defect, it is necessary to change the detection route, that is, change the relative position of the transmitter and the receiver. It is necessary to ensure that the two detection routes need to have an intersection so that the specific location of the defect can be determined. If the two detection routes intersect and the energy values ​​of the detection signals are reduced accordingly, then the intersection between the two detection signals is the position covered by the defect area, and further confirmation is required at this time. If the two detection routes intersect and the energy value of the next detection signal does not decrease, then it is determined that the intersection is not the location of the defect area.

[0098] Ultimately, by changing the detection route multiple times, the strata between the main pipe and the secondary pipe can be detected more accurately.

[0099] In some embodiments of the digital twin perception and identification system for formation disasters provided in the present application, the specific location and range of the formation defect area are inferred, and the defect area is reinforced on the ground, including:

[0100] The location and direction of the defective area can be roughly calculated through multiple tests.

[0101] Carry out corresponding verification on the ground and reinforce the defective area by injecting concrete or setting multiple anchors.

[0102] In order to ensure the accuracy of detection, the relative position between the main pipe and the secondary pipe needs to be changed multiple times in this application, so as to form detection routes at different angles. The area of ​​stratum defects is inferred through the mutual intersection relationship of different detection routes.

[0103] It should be pointed out that the stress of the stratum at the defect is low, and the structure at this location cannot be guaranteed to be intact when subjected to external forces, so accidents are most likely to occur here. It is for the above reasons that this application needs to reinforce the defective area in advance before construction based on the results of multiple detections.

[0104] Corresponding reinforcement treatment can be carried out according to the degree of defects in the stratum and the importance of the construction project. For important construction projects, after the location of the defects is detected, the stratum can be excavated in advance according to the location and shape of the defects. After the excavation is completed, concrete can be poured to provide structural strength and stability for the entire defect area. For relatively unimportant construction projects, anchor rods can be drilled for reinforcement.

[0105] In some embodiments of the digital twin perception and identification system for formation disasters provided in the present application, when an accident occurs, taking out the transmitter from the main pipe and rescuing personnel includes:

[0106] Remove the transmitter from the main pipe using the towing rod.

[0107] Depending on the type of accident, gas is replenished and replaced through the main pipe and secondary pipe.

[0108] Place a traction rope inside the main pipe to complete the rescue of the personnel.

[0109] The inner diameter of the main pipe in this application is relatively large, and the main pipe not only needs to conduct real-time survey of the strata, but also needs the emergency transportation of relevant materials, supplies and personnel. When an accident occurs, the transmitter inside the main pipe is pulled out from the main pipe, and then the emergency rescue of personnel is achieved through a traction rope. And because the main pipe is directly connected to the underground and the ground, the underground gas can be discharged in time through the corresponding exhaust system. At this time, the gas can be discharged from one main pipe, and then the other adjacent main pipes can discharge the gas. Or the main pipe is used to discharge gas, and multiple secondary pipes are used to discharge gas, thereby realizing the renewal of underground gas.

[0110] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The digital twin perception and identification system for geological disasters is characterized by: include: A marked area is demarcated on the ground according to the construction scope of the underground plan, a plurality of main pipes are drilled in the center of the marked area, and a plurality of secondary pipes are drilled at a certain distance from the main pipes; The transmitter located inside the main tube sends out a detection signal, and the receiver inside the secondary tube is used to receive the detection signal; Feedback the information related to the transmitter and the receiver to the host computer in real time, infer the specific position and range of the formation defect area by changing the position and angle of the transmitter and the receiver, and reinforce the defect area on the ground; Constructing a formation model in the host computer, updating the model in real time according to the data fed back by the receiver, simulating accidents on the model, and issuing early warnings according to the simulation results; The gas replacement and material data transmission are realized through the main pipe and the secondary pipe; when an accident occurs, the transmitter is taken out from the main pipe and personnel are rescued; The step of drilling a plurality of main pipes at the center of the calibration area and drilling a plurality of secondary pipes at a certain distance from the main pipes comprises: The top of the main pipe is located on the ground, and the bottom extends downward to the construction range; The drilling depth of the secondary pipe is reasonably selected according to the difficulty of stratum drilling and the detection results.

2. The digital twin perception and identification system for stratum disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling of a plurality of secondary pipes at a position spaced a certain distance from the primary pipe comprises: Setting up a guide rail in the secondary tube and installing the receiver on the guide rail; The receiver can change its angle relative to the guide rail; The receiver feeds back its own position and the received detection signal to the host computer in real time.

3. The digital twin perception and identification system for stratum disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling of a plurality of secondary pipes at a position spaced a certain distance from the primary pipe comprises: According to the area and coverage of the calibration area, the number and respective positions of the secondary pipes are reasonably selected so that the detection range of the transmitter and the receiver can cover more of the strata above the construction range.

4. The digital twin perception and identification system for formation disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitter located inside the main tube sends a detection signal, and the receiver in the secondary tube is used to receive the detection signal, including: Install the transmitter on a traction rod so that the traction rod passes through the inner side of the main pipe; The position of the transmitter is adjusted and positioned by changing the position and angle of the traction rod.

5. The digital twin sensing and identification system for formation disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitter located inside the main tube sends a detection signal, and the receiver in the secondary tube is used to receive the detection signal, including: By changing the position of the transmitter relative to the main pipe, the transmitter sends the detection signal to the receiver from different positions; And a single transmitter may send the detection signal to the receivers located at different secondary tubes; The connection line between the transmitter and the receiver is set as a detection route for the stratum.

6. The digital twin sensing and identification system for formation disasters according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific location and range of the inferred formation defect area include: The detection signal itself has a certain energy value, and the energy value of the detection signal emitted from the transmitter attenuates to different degrees when passing through strata of different densities; The detection signal attenuates more when passing through a formation with a lower density.

7. The digital twin sensing and identification system for formation disasters according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific position and range of the formation defect area can be inferred by changing the position and angle of the transmitter and the receiver, including: When the energy value of the detection signal received by the receiver is lower than a preset standard; recording the current detection route; Changing the positions and angles of the transmitter and the receiver to form a new detection route, and ensuring that the two detection routes intersect; If the energy values ​​received by the receiver twice are similar, then the intersection of the two detection routes may be the defect area, and it is necessary to set up multiple new detection routes for verification; If there is a difference between the energy values ​​received by the receiver twice, it is proved that the intersection of the two detection routes is not the defect area.

8. The digital twin sensing and identification system for formation disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of inferring the specific location and range of the formation defect area and reinforcing the defect area on the ground includes: The position and direction of the defective area are roughly calculated through multiple tests; Corresponding verification is carried out on the ground, and the defective area is reinforced by injecting concrete or setting a plurality of anchor rods.

9. The digital twin sensing and identification system for formation disasters according to claim 4, characterized in that: When an accident occurs, the transmitter is taken out from the main pipe and personnel are rescued, including: Taking the transmitter out of the main pipe by means of the pulling rod; According to the type of accident, gas is supplemented and replaced through the main pipe and the secondary pipe; A traction rope and the like are placed in the main pipe to complete the rescue of the personnel.

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