A visual inspection device and method for defects in vehicle door panels

Abstract

The present invention discloses a visual inspection device and inspection method for defects of vehicle door panels, and specifically relates to the field of image inspection technology, including a mounting frame, a fixed platform is installed on one side of the mounting frame, a station conversion mechanism is installed on the fixed platform, a plurality of vehicle door bodies are correspondingly restricted on the station conversion mechanism, and a detection mechanism is installed on the other side of the mounting frame. The present invention drives the vehicle door bodies on four stations to rotate to complete the conversion, thereby improving the inspection efficiency. The face-changing mechanism is activated by a hydraulic cylinder so that the vehicle door body is actively switched. In a single inspection process, continuous face-changing work can be performed without disassembling the vehicle door body, and the inspection work on both sides of the vehicle door body can be completed. When the face-changing mechanism is activated, the detection mechanism can actively avoid, so as to avoid a safety accident caused by the collision between the face-changing mechanism and the detection mechanism when the face-changing mechanism drives the vehicle door body to complete the face-changing action, thereby improving the safety of the inspection and reducing the safety risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of image detection, and in particular to a visual detection device and a detection method for defects of a vehicle door panel. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of living standards, cars are becoming more and more popular, and people have a more detailed understanding of cars. As a representative of modern assembly line production, car door production is characterized by highly streamlined operations. After the car door is produced, it is necessary to complete the inspection of its front and back conditions. Traditional manual assembly and inspection will bring many loopholes, resulting in misjudgment and missed judgment, which will cause unqualified products to flow into the market and have a profound impact on brand reputation. In order to improve production efficiency, reduce defective rates and reduce labor costs, some visual inspection devices have been used to complete defect detection of car doors.

[0003] A vehicle door interior defect visual inspection system is disclosed in a patent application with reference publication number CN109187561A. The visual inspection system detects vehicle door interiors by using machine vision methods. The system has high speed and low judgment error rate. It can eliminate large economic losses caused by various misjudgments and missed judgments during long-term operation. The system is not only suitable for the inspection of interiors of a certain type of vehicle door, but can be reused on the same platform to save costs. Fixed-position visual inspection can overcome the unsatisfactory inspection effect caused by movement on the conveyor belt.

[0004] The above-mentioned visual inspection system can well complete the inspection of door defects through the image acquisition device, but the visual inspection system can only complete the restriction and fixation of a single door in a single inspection, and cannot quickly complete the inspection after fixing multiple doors. Therefore, after a single inspection is completed, it is necessary to stop the machine to complete loading and unloading before continuing the inspection work, resulting in low inspection efficiency, time-consuming and labor-intensive overall operation, and is not conducive to the continuous and stable inspection work;

[0005] At the same time, the above-mentioned visual inspection system cannot complete the switching inspection of the front and back sides of the door during inspection, which makes the inspection work more limited. Therefore, when the front and back sides of the door need to be inspected, it is necessary to repeatedly disassemble the door to complete the switching inspection, which further increases the inspection workload. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a visual inspection device and method for vehicle door panel defects to solve the above technical problems.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions.

[0008] The present invention is a visual inspection device for defects in vehicle door panels, comprising a mounting frame, a fixed platform mounted on one side of the mounting frame, a station conversion mechanism mounted on the fixed platform, a plurality of vehicle door bodies correspondingly restricted on the station conversion mechanism, and a detection mechanism mounted on the other side of the mounting frame, the detection mechanism being arranged in coordination with the station conversion mechanism, the station conversion mechanism being used for rotational switching and adjusting the relative positions of the vehicle door body and the detection mechanism, the detection mechanism being used for completing inspection work on the vehicle door body on the station conversion mechanism, and four face-changing mechanisms being installed in combination on the station conversion mechanism, the four face-changing mechanisms being linked with the station conversion mechanism, the rotational adjustment of the plurality of vehicle door bodies on the station conversion mechanism being respectively completed by the four face-changing mechanisms, and the four face-changing mechanisms being linked with the detection mechanism respectively, the face-changing mechanism being in detachable contact with the detection mechanism on its moving path to complete active avoidance.

[0009] Furthermore, the workstation conversion mechanism includes a truncated table rotatably mounted on the upper surface of the fixed table, a gear ring is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the outer wall of the truncated table, a driving motor is mounted on the mounting frame through a bracket, a driving gear is mounted on the output end of the driving motor, the driving gear is meshingly connected with the gear ring, a slideway is opened through the middle position of the fixed table, a push piece is slidably mounted in the slideway, and a hydraulic cylinder is mounted on one side of the bottom of the mounting frame through a bracket, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is detachably fixedly connected to one side of the push piece, four assembly frames are arranged in a circular array on the top of the truncated table, clamps are installed on the top and bottom of the four assembly frames, and the clamps on the top and bottom of the four assembly frames are respectively in contact with the vehicle door body to complete clamping and fixing.

[0010] Furthermore, multiple clamp parts all include a clamp seat arranged at the top and bottom edges of the assembly frame, a rotating shaft is detachably fixedly installed on the back of the clamp seat, and the rotating shafts of the two clamp parts are correspondingly rotatably penetrated through the top and bottom of the assembly frame, a fixed clamp block is fixedly installed on one side of the clamp seat, and a movable clamp block is slidably installed on the other side of the clamp seat, and a cylinder is installed on one side of the clamp seat through a bracket, and the output end of the cylinder is transmission-connected to one side of the movable clamp block.

[0011] Furthermore, a limiting gear ring is provided on the external fixed sleeve of the rotating shaft of the four assembly frame bottom clamp parts, and a one-way bearing is installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft of the four assembly frame bottom clamp parts, and a rotating shaft is correspondingly installed on the one-way bearing. The transmission connection between the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft is completed through the one-way bearing, and a linkage gear is provided on the external fixed sleeve of the rotating shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the detection mechanism includes a guide seat arranged on one side of the mounting frame, an electric slide No. 1 is installed on one side of the guide seat, an electric slide No. 2 is installed on the output end of the electric slide No. 1, a sliding frame is installed on the output end of the electric slide No. 2, a slider is slidably engaged in the sliding frame, a return spring is installed between the back of the slider and the sliding frame, a vertical arm is detachably installed on the upper surface of the slider, and a plurality of image acquisition devices are arranged side by side at intervals on the side of the vertical arm facing the workstation conversion mechanism, and the detection of the vehicle door body is completed by the plurality of image acquisition devices.

[0013] Furthermore, a telescopic member is installed on one side of the slider through a bracket, a contact block is installed at the front end of the telescopic member, two guide rails are symmetrically opened on the upper surface of the guide seat, and a trigger plate is slidably engaged in the two guide rails, and the trigger plate is detachably in contact with the side wall of the contact block.

[0014] Furthermore, the four surface-changing mechanisms all include a driving member slidably penetrated on one side of the truncated table, the driving member consists of a round rod and a driving rack, the round rod is correspondingly slidably penetrated on the truncated table, one end of the driving rack is detachably fixedly connected to the round rod, the driving rack is meshed with the linkage gear, and the driving rack is detachably in contact with the trigger plate, and a pulling spring is installed between the driving rack and the side wall of the truncated table, the two ends of the pulling spring are respectively detachably fixedly connected to the driving rack and the side wall of the truncated table, and the pulling spring is correspondingly sleeved on the outside of the round rod, an extrusion cavity is recessed inwardly on the side of the round rod away from the driving rack, an end cover is installed on the open side of the extrusion cavity through a bracket, a No. 1 piston member is slidably and sealably installed in the extrusion cavity, a contact member is installed at the tail of the No. 1 piston member, the contact member is detachably in contact with the push member, a No. 1 pipe is installed on the side of the extrusion cavity away from the contact member, and a No. 1 spring is sleeved on the outside of the No. 1 piston member.

[0015] Furthermore, an air chamber is installed on one side of the bottom of each of the four assembly frames through a bracket, and a No. 2 piston component is installed in the air chamber with a sliding seal. The No. 2 piston component consists of a piston head and a center rod. The top sliding seal of the center rod of the No. 2 piston component passes through the air chamber. An arc-shaped tooth plate is installed at the front end of the No. 2 piston component, and the arc-shaped tooth plate is engaged with the limiting gear ring to complete the locking of the rotating shaft. A No. 2 spring is installed between the No. 2 piston component and the air chamber, and a No. 2 tube is installed on one side of the bottom of the air chamber. The No. 1 tube is connected to the No. 2 tube through a spring tube.

[0016] Furthermore, an air pipe is installed on one side of the bottom of each of the four assembly frames through a bracket, and a No. 3 piston member is installed in the air pipe in a sliding and sealing manner. The No. 3 piston member consists of a piston head and a center rod. The top of the center rod of the No. 3 piston member slides through the air pipe, and the No. 3 piston member is detachably fixedly connected to the driving rack to complete the linkage. A spray chamber is installed on one side of the air pipe at the bottom of the four assembly frames through a bracket, and a plurality of spray heads are arranged side by side at the bottom of the spray chamber facing the driving rack and the linkage gear. A No. 3 pipe is installed at the top of the air pipe near the spray chamber, and a No. 4 pipe is installed at the top of the air pipe near the spray chamber, and the No. 4 pipe is connected to the spray chamber through a pipeline.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for visually detecting defects of a vehicle door panel, the method specifically comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: First, limit the door body to the four positions on the position conversion mechanism;

[0019] Step 2: After that, the detection position of the detection mechanism is adjusted, and then the detection work of the door body is completed by the detection mechanism;

[0020] Step 3: During the inspection, the door bodies on the four workstations are driven to rotate by the workstation conversion mechanism to complete the conversion;

[0021] Step 4: With the cooperation of the face-changing mechanism, after the position conversion of the position conversion mechanism is completed, the door body facing the position of the detection mechanism can complete the face-changing work;

[0022] Step 5: When the face-changing mechanism is in motion, the detection mechanism will be driven to follow the movement synchronously, so that the detection mechanism can actively avoid the obstacle.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention is provided with a station conversion mechanism, and the door body is quickly fixed by a fixture. The overall installation is convenient, and it is convenient for workers to load and unload materials. When the station is converted, it is only necessary to start the drive motor, and the power transmission is completed through the drive gear and the gear ring, so that the round table and the assembly frame thereon complete the rotation with the circle, thereby completing the rapid switching of the four stations and improving the detection efficiency;

[0025] 2. The present invention is provided with a detection mechanism, and uses an image acquisition device to complete visual inspection of the door body. At the same time, the No. 1 electric slide and the No. 2 electric slide can be used to complete X and Y axis adjustment of the position of the image acquisition device, thereby expanding the acquisition range of the image acquisition device, making it convenient for testers to complete switching and adjustment for the test position. In addition, the image acquisition device can follow the slider to complete movement in the sliding frame, and can buffer movement against external impact, thereby improving the safety of the operation of the image acquisition device;

[0026] 3. The present invention is provided with a face-changing mechanism, which provides thrust to the driving rack via a hydraulic cylinder. Due to the meshing of the driving rack and the linkage gear, the door body rotates in the assembly frame to complete the face-changing action, so that the inner side of the door body corresponds to the detection mechanism to complete the detection. Under this path, the driving rack pulls the No. 3 piston member forward, and the gas in the front section of the air pipe is sent into the spray chamber through the No. 4 pipe via the No. 3 piston member, and the gas is sprayed out through the nozzle to complete the active cleaning of the driving rack and the linkage gear, thereby avoiding interference of impurities to the two.

[0027] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is the overall front view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of installing the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention on a mounting frame;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the vehicle door body of the present invention on the workstation conversion mechanism;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of four assembly racks of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of four face-changing mechanisms of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the workstation conversion mechanism and the detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the face changing mechanism and the detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the hydraulic cylinder and the surface changing mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the surface changing mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the driving rack and the linkage gear of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of installing the return spring of the present invention in the sliding frame;

[0040] Fig.13It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the face-changing mechanism and the assembly rack of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving member of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.15 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram at point A in the middle.

[0043] In the figure: 1, mounting frame; 2, fixed table; 3, door body; 4, round table; 5, gear ring; 6, driving motor; 7, driving gear; 8, slideway; 9, push piece; 10, hydraulic cylinder; 11, assembly frame; 12, fixture; 121, clamp seat; 122, rotating shaft; 123, fixed clamp block; 124, movable clamp block; 125, cylinder; 13, limiting gear ring; 14, one-way bearing; 15, rotating shaft; 16, linkage gear; 17, guide seat; 18, No. 1 electric slide; 19, No. 2 electric slide; 20, sliding frame; 21, slider; 22, complex 1. Position spring; 23. Vertical arm; 24. Image acquisition device; 25. Telescopic member; 251. Contact block; 26. Guide track; 27. Trigger plate; 28. Driving member; 281. Round rod; 282. Driving rack; 283. Pull spring; 29. ​​Extrusion chamber; 30. No. 1 piston member; 31. Contact member; 32. No. 1 tube; 33. No. 1 spring; 34. Air chamber; 35. No. 2 piston member; 36. Arc tooth plate; 37. No. 2 spring; 38. No. 2 tube; 39. Air pipe; 40. No. 3 piston member; 41. Spray chamber; 42. No. 3 tube; 43. No. 4 tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inside", "all around" and the like indicating orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0046] Embodiment 1: The present invention provides a technical solution: Figures 1 to 15As shown, a visual inspection device for defects of a vehicle door panel comprises a mounting frame 1, a control panel is mounted on one side of the mounting frame 1, the control panel is electrically connected with a station conversion mechanism, a face-changing mechanism and a detection mechanism respectively, a fixing platform 2 is mounted on one side of the mounting frame 1, a station conversion mechanism is mounted on the fixing platform 2, a plurality of vehicle door bodies 3 are correspondingly restricted on the station conversion mechanism, and a detection mechanism is mounted on the other side of the mounting frame 1, the detection mechanism is arranged in coordination with the station conversion mechanism, the station conversion mechanism is used for rotationally switching and adjusting the relative position of the vehicle door body 3 and the detection mechanism, the detection mechanism is used for completing the inspection work of the vehicle door body 3 on the station conversion mechanism, and four face-changing mechanisms are installed in combination on the station conversion mechanism, the four face-changing mechanisms are linked with the station conversion mechanism, the rotation adjustment of the plurality of vehicle door bodies 3 on the station conversion mechanism is respectively completed by the four face-changing mechanisms, and the four face-changing mechanisms are linked with the detection mechanism respectively, the face-changing mechanism can be detachably contacted with the detection mechanism on its moving path to complete active avoidance;

[0047] In the embodiment of the present invention, the detection mechanism includes a guide seat 17 arranged on one side of the mounting frame 1, and a No. 1 electric slide 18 is detachably fixedly installed on one side of the guide seat 17, and a No. 2 electric slide 19 is installed at the output end of the No. 1 electric slide 18. The output directions of the No. 1 electric slide 18 and the No. 2 electric slide 19 correspond to the X and Y axes respectively based on the mounting frame 1. A sliding frame 20 with an open top is installed at the output end of the No. 2 electric slide 19, and a slider 21 is slidably engaged in the sliding frame 20. A reset spring 22 is installed between the back of the slider 21 and the sliding frame 20, and a damper is installed between the back of the slider 21 and the sliding frame 20. The damper is correspondingly arranged in the reset spring 22, and a stable reset work is completed by the damper and the reset spring 22, and a shock-absorbing pad is installed on the side of the sliding frame 20 away from the reset spring 22, and the shock-absorbing pad cooperates with the slider 21 to contact completely. In order to achieve a vibration-absorbing action, a hanging arm 23 is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the slider 21, and a plurality of image acquisition devices 24 are arranged side by side and at intervals on the side of the hanging arm 23 facing the station conversion mechanism. The image acquisition device 24 is specifically a CDD color camera. The door body 3 is detected by the plurality of image acquisition devices 24. A telescopic member 25 is mounted on one side of the slider 21 through a bracket, and a contact block 251 is mounted at the front end of the telescopic member 25. Two guide rails 26 are symmetrically provided on the upper surface of the guide seat 17. The length of the guide rails 26 can be freely adjusted according to the use requirements. A trigger plate 27 is slidably engaged in the two guide rails 26. The trigger plate 27 is detachably in contact with the side wall of the contact block 251, and the position of the contact block 251 is adjusted by the telescopic member 25. The telescopic member 25 specifically adopts one of a manual telescopic rod, an electric push rod and an electric linear module to complete the movement and adjustment of the contact block 251.

[0048] Among them, a control panel is installed on one side of the mounting frame 1, and the control panel is electrically connected to the various electrical components on the station conversion mechanism, the face-changing mechanism and the detection mechanism, and the overall programming control of the detection device is completed through the control panel, and the control panel is electrically connected to the controller, and the specific structure of the controller is not limited. The drive motor 6 is installed with an absolute encoder, and the drive motor 6 is accurately positioned by the absolute encoder;

[0049] It is worth noting that when the door body 3 is inspected: a detection mechanism is provided, and the image acquisition device 24 is used to complete the visual inspection of the door body 3. At the same time, the No. 1 electric slide 18 and the No. 2 electric slide 19 can be used to complete the X and Y axial adjustment of the position of the image acquisition device 24, thereby expanding the acquisition range of the image acquisition device 24, and facilitating the tester to complete the switching adjustment for the test position. In addition, the image acquisition device 24 can follow the slider 21 to complete the movement in the sliding frame 20, and can buffer the movement against external impact, thereby improving the safety of the operation of the image acquisition device 24. During the face-changing process, the driving rack 282 moves forward to contact the trigger plate 27 and push it to move, and then the trigger plate 2 7 contacts with the contact block 251 to complete the pushing, and completes the transmission through the telescopic member 25, so that the image acquisition device 24 follows the slider 21 to move in the sliding frame 20 to complete the active avoidance, so as to avoid the image acquisition device 24 from colliding. After the face changing is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 10 and the driving rack 282 are reset. At this time, the image acquisition device 24 is reset through the reset spring 22 and the damper to complete the subsequent detection work. At the same time, the avoidance distance of the image acquisition device 24 can be controlled by controlling the length of the telescopic member 25, so as to facilitate the adjustment according to the actual detection environment. At the same time, when the image acquisition device 24 is not within the blocking range of the face changing of the door body 3, the driving rack 282 does not act on the telescopic member 25.

[0050] Embodiment 2: Based on the workstation conversion mechanism provided in Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a further technical solution of the workstation conversion mechanism.

[0051] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Fig.15As shown, the station conversion mechanism includes a round table 4 rotatably mounted on the upper surface of the fixed table 2, the round table 4 is recessed with a debugging area on one side of the fixed table 2, a gear ring 5 is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the outer wall of the round table 4, a driving motor 6 is mounted on the mounting frame 1 through a bracket, a driving gear 7 is mounted on the output end of the driving motor 6, the driving gear 7 is meshed and connected with the gear ring 5, and the rotation control of the round table 4 is completed by the cooperation of the driving gear 7 and the gear ring 5, a slideway 8 is opened through the middle position of the fixed table 2, a push piece 9 is slidably engaged and installed in the slideway 8, and a hydraulic cylinder 10 is mounted on one side of the bottom of the mounting frame 1 through a bracket, and the hydraulic cylinder 10 outputs The outlet end is detachably fixedly connected to one side of the push piece 9, four assembly racks 11 are arranged in a circular array on the top of the truncated table 4, four face-changing mechanisms are arranged in a circular array on the truncated table 4, and the four face-changing mechanisms are arranged in cooperation with the four assembly racks 11, the four assembly racks 11 are all concave structures, and the open sides of the assembly racks 11 are all arranged toward the detection mechanism, and reinforcement members are installed between the four assembly racks 11, and the support and reinforcement of the four assembly racks 11 are completed by the reinforcement members, and the top and bottom of the four assembly racks 11 are installed with clamps 12, and the top and bottom clamps 12 on the four assembly racks 11 are respectively in contact with the door body 3 to complete the clamping and fixing;

[0052] It is worth noting that when the door body 3 is converted, the door body 3 is first placed on the assembly frame 11 and in contact with the fixture 12 to complete the initial restriction. Then, the cylinder 125 is started to push the movable clamp 124 to move toward the fixed clamp 123 under the guidance of the clamp seat 121. The door body 3 is quickly fixed by the movable clamp 124 and the fixed clamp 123. The overall installation is convenient. The cylinder 125 is started again to drive the movable clamp 124 and the fixed clamp 123 away from each other to complete the disassembly, which is convenient for the staff to load and unload materials. When the station is converted, it is only necessary to start the drive motor 6 to complete the power transmission through the drive gear 7 and the ring gear 5, so that the round table 4 and the assembly frame 11 thereon complete the rotation following the circumference, thereby completing the rapid switching of the four stations and improving the detection efficiency.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of fixtures 12 all include a clamp seat 121 disposed at the top and bottom edges of the assembly frame 11, a rotating shaft 122 is detachably fixedly installed on the back of the clamp seat 121, and the rotating shafts 122 of the two fixtures 12 are correspondingly rotatably penetrated through the top and bottom of the assembly frame 11, a fixed clamp block 123 is fixedly installed on one side of the clamp seat 121, and a movable clamp block 124 is slidably installed on the other side of the clamp seat 121, and a cylinder 125 is installed on one side of the clamp seat 121 through a bracket, and the output end of the cylinder 125 is transmission-connected to one side of the movable clamp block 124, and the movable clamp block 124 and the fixed clamp block 123 are completed through the cylinder 125. The spacing between the clamping blocks 123 is actively adjusted, and both the fixed clamping blocks 123 and the movable clamping blocks 124 are of contoured design. The door body 3 is clamped and fixed together by the fixed clamping blocks 123 and the movable clamping blocks 124. A limiting gear ring 13 is fixedly sleeved outside the rotating shaft 122 of the clamping parts 12 at the bottom of the four assembly frames 11, and a one-way bearing 14 is installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft 122 of the clamping parts 12 at the bottom of the four assembly frames 11. A rotating shaft 15 is correspondingly installed on the one-way bearing 14. The transmission connection between the rotating shaft 15 and the rotating shaft 122 is completed through the one-way bearing 14, and a linkage gear 16 is fixedly sleeved outside the rotating shaft 15.

[0054] Embodiment 3: Based on the surface changing mechanism provided in Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a further technical solution of the surface changing mechanism.

[0055] like Figure 5 , Figures 7 to 10 , Fig.13 and Fig.14As shown, the four face-changing mechanisms all include a driving member 28 slidably penetrated on one side of the truncated table 4, the driving member 28 is composed of a round rod 281 and a driving rack 282, the round rod 281 is correspondingly slidably penetrated on the truncated table 4, one end of the driving rack 282 is detachably fixedly connected to the round rod 281, the driving rack 282 is meshedly connected to the linkage gear 16, and the driving rack 282 is detachably in contact with the trigger plate 27, and a pulling spring 283 is installed between the driving rack 282 and the side wall of the truncated table 4, the two ends of the pulling spring 283 are detachably fixedly connected to the driving rack 282 and the side wall of the truncated table 4, and the pulling spring 283 is used to pull the driving rack 282 toward the truncated table 4 The pull spring 283 is correspondingly sleeved on the outside of the round rod 281, and a limiting rod is installed on the top of the side of the driving rack 282 close to the round rod 281. The limiting rod is detachably in contact with the side wall of the truncated table 4, and the limiting rod is used to limit the single reset position of the driving rack 282 to prevent the pulling spring 283 from pulling the driving member 28 to reset excessively. An extrusion chamber 29 is recessed inwardly on the side of the round rod 281 away from the driving rack 282, and an end cover is installed on the open side of the extrusion chamber 29 through a bracket. A piston member 30 is slidably and sealably installed in the extrusion chamber 29. The piston member 30 slides through the end cover correspondingly, and a contact member 3 is installed at the tail of the piston member 30. 1, and the contact member 31 is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the fixed platform 2, and the contact member 31 and the push member 9 are in detachable contact. In the initial state, the contact member 31 and the push member 9 are arranged at a certain distance. A No. 1 pipe 32 is installed on the side of the extrusion chamber 29 away from the contact member 31, and a No. 1 spring 33 is sleeved on the outside of the No. 1 piston member 30. The No. 1 spring 33 is used to push the No. 1 piston member 30 away from the bottom of the extrusion chamber 29. The No. 1 spring 33 is located between the end cover and the No. 1 piston member 30. When the driving rack 282 moves toward the side of the contact block 251, the one-way bearing 14 completes the locking transmission action on the rotating shaft 15 and the rotating shaft 122. When the driving rack 28 2 moves away from the contact block 251, the one-way bearing 14 unlocks the rotating shaft 15 and the rotating shaft 122, so that the driving rack 282 does not output power to the rotating shaft 122 under the reset action. A ratchet and pawl mechanism is installed between the assembly frame 11 and the rotating shaft 122. The ratchet and pawl mechanism includes a ratchet wheel and a pawl. The ratchet wheel is correspondingly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 122. The pawl is rotatably installed at the bottom of the assembly frame 11 through a torsion spring. The pawl contacts the ratchet wheel to complete the restriction. When the driving rack 282 moves toward the contact block 251, the ratchet and pawl mechanism does not restrict. On the contrary, the ratchet and pawl mechanism completes the rotation restriction of the rotating shaft 122.

[0056] It is worth noting that: when the door body 3 is replaced: by providing a replacement mechanism, after the station conversion of the station conversion mechanism is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 10 is started to drive the push piece 9 to slide in the slide 8. When the push piece 9 moves, it first contacts and pushes the contact piece 31, driving the No. 1 piston member 30 to overcome the elasticity of the No. 1 spring 33 and move forward, and the gas in the extrusion chamber 29 is pushed into the air chamber 34 through the No. 1 pipe 32 and the No. 2 pipe 38. Under the push of the gas, the No. 2 piston member 35 in the air chamber 34 overcomes the No. 2 spring 37 and moves, and the arc tooth plate 36 is pulled by the No. 2 piston member 35 to move and separate from the limiting gear ring 13, so that the rotating shaft 122 is unlocked. When the No. 1 piston member 3 When the door body 3 moves to the bottom of the extrusion chamber 29, the thrust provided by the push piece 9 acts synchronously on the round rod 281, so that the driving rack 282 moves toward the detection mechanism. Since the driving rack 282 is meshed with the linkage gear 16, the rotating shaft 15 and the rotating shaft 122 are locked through the one-way bearing 14 at this time, so that the rotating shaft 122 obtains a rotational force, so that the door body 3 rotates in the assembly frame 11 to complete the face-changing action, so that the inner side of the door body 3 corresponds to the detection mechanism to complete the detection. Under this path, the driving rack 282 pulls the No. 3 piston 40 forward, and the gas in the front section of the air pipe 39 is sent into the spray chamber 41 through the No. 4 pipe 43 through the No. 3 piston 40, and the gas in the front section of the air pipe 39 is sent into the spray chamber 41 through the No. 4 pipe 43. The head sprays out the gas to complete the active cleaning of the driving rack 282 and the linkage gear 16 to avoid interference of impurities on the two. At the same time, the No. 3 pipe 42 can be in contact with the external cold gas. Under the piston movement extrusion of the No. 3 piston member 40, the cold gas is sprayed to the driving rack 282 and the linkage gear 16 to complete the cleaning and the cooling treatment of both. It is convenient for the staff to freely debug according to the use conditions. When the driving rack 282 is reset, the No. 3 piston member 40 is reset to draw the external gas into the air pipe 39 through the No. 3 pipe 42 to wait for subsequent cleaning work. After the face change is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 10 drives the push member 9 to reset. At this time, the driving rack 282 pulls the spring 283 The reset is completed under the pulling of the one-way bearing 14. At the same time, under the action of the one-way bearing 14, the driving rack 282 is reset, and the rotating shaft 15 and the rotating shaft 122 are unlocked and do not transmit, so as to avoid interference with the detection work. At the same time, under the elastic reset of the No. 1 spring 33 and the No. 2 spring 37, the gas in the air chamber 34 is pushed into the extrusion cavity 29. At this time, the No. 2 piston 35 pushes the arc-shaped tooth plate 36 to reset and engage with the limiting gear ring 13 to complete the locking, so that the rotating shaft 122 maintains a stable state. The four face-changing mechanisms correspond to the four stations composed of the four assembly frames 11, and the switching control of the four face-changing mechanisms can be completed through the hydraulic cylinder 10, so that the overall face-changing work is more stable.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present invention, an air chamber 34 is installed on one side of the bottom of each of the four assembly frames 11 through a bracket, and a second piston member 35 is installed in the air chamber 34 in a sliding seal. The second piston member 35 is composed of a piston head and a center rod. The top sliding seal of the center rod of the second piston member 35 passes through the air chamber 34. An arc-shaped tooth plate 36 is installed at the front end of the second piston member 35. The arc-shaped tooth plate 36 is meshed with the limiting gear ring 13 to complete the locking of the rotating shaft 122. A No. 2 spring 37 is installed between the extrusion chamber 29 and the air chamber 34, and the No. 2 spring 37 is used to push the No. 2 piston 35 to move toward the limiting gear ring 13, and the sum of the elastic coefficients of the No. 1 spring 33 and the No. 2 spring 37 is less than the elastic coefficient of the pulling spring 283, and a No. 2 pipe 38 is installed on one side of the bottom of the air chamber 34, and the No. 1 pipe 32 is connected to the No. 2 pipe 38 through the spring pipe, and a certain amount of gas is introduced between the extrusion chamber 29 and the air chamber 34, so that the gas can flow between the extrusion chamber 29 and the air chamber 34;

[0058] In the embodiment of the present invention, an air pipe 39 is installed on one side of the bottom of each of the four assembly frames 11 through a bracket, and a No. 3 piston member 40 is installed in the air pipe 39 in a sliding and sealing manner. The No. 3 piston member 40 consists of a piston head and a center rod. The top of the center rod of the No. 3 piston member 40 slides through the air pipe 39, and the No. 3 piston member 40 is detachably fixedly connected with the driving rack 282 to complete the linkage. A spray chamber 41 is installed on one side of the air pipe 39 at the bottom of the four assembly frames 11 through a bracket, and a plurality of spray heads are arranged side by side at the bottom of the spray chamber 41 toward the driving rack 282 and the linkage gear 16. A No. 3 pipe 42 is installed on the side close to the spray chamber 41, and a No. 1 one-way valve is installed at the end of the No. 3 pipe 42 to introduce the gas into the air pipe 39 in one direction. A No. 4 pipe 43 is installed on the top of the air pipe 39 close to the spray chamber 41, and a No. 2 one-way valve is installed at the end of the No. 4 pipe 43 to lead the gas out of the air pipe 39 in one direction. The No. 4 pipe 43 is connected with the spray chamber 41 through a pipeline, and the No. 1 piston component 30, the No. 2 piston component 35 and the No. 3 piston component 40 are all composed of a piston head and a center rod. The center rod is fixedly installed at the center of the piston head, and the piston movement is completed by the cooperation of the piston head and the center rod.

[0059] Embodiment 4: A method for visually detecting defects of a vehicle door panel, the method specifically comprising the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: First, the door body 3 is correspondingly restricted to the four positions on the position conversion mechanism;

[0061] Step 2: After that, the detection position of the detection mechanism is adjusted, and then the detection work of the door body 3 is completed by the detection mechanism;

[0062] Step 3: During the inspection, the door bodies 3 on the four workstations are driven to rotate by the workstation conversion mechanism to complete the conversion;

[0063] Step 4: With the cooperation of the face-changing mechanism, after the position conversion of the position conversion mechanism is completed, the door body 3 facing the position of the detection mechanism can complete the face-changing work;

[0064] Step 5: When the face-changing mechanism is in motion, the detection mechanism will be driven to follow the movement synchronously, so that the detection mechanism can actively avoid the obstacle.

[0065] The present invention provides a visual inspection device and method for defects of a vehicle door panel, and the specific working principle is as follows: firstly, the vehicle door body 3 is correspondingly restricted to four stations on the station conversion mechanism, and then the detection position of the detection mechanism is adjusted to obtain a stable detection effect, and then, under the cooperation of the station conversion mechanism, the vehicle door body 3 on the four stations is driven to rotate to complete the conversion, so that the detection work can be carried out continuously and stably, without stopping the machine for loading and unloading, and only the vehicle door body 3 on the four stations needs to be disassembled and installed during the detection process, thereby improving the detection efficiency;

[0066] And with the cooperation of the face-changing mechanism, after the station conversion of the station conversion mechanism is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 10 is started, and the hydraulic cylinder 10 completes the action of the face-changing mechanism so that the door body 3 is actively switched, so that the door body 3 facing the detection mechanism station can complete the face-changing work, which further improves the detection efficiency. In a single detection process, there is no need to disassemble and assemble the door body 3 to carry out continuous face-changing work, and the detection work on both sides of the door body 3 can be completed. It has strong adaptability and reduces the workload of repeated disassembly and assembly of the tester, making the overall detection process simpler and facilitating the operation of the tester. At the same time, when the face-changing mechanism is in action, the detection mechanism will be driven synchronously to complete the follow-up, so that the detection mechanism can actively avoid and avoid the face-changing mechanism driving the door body 3 to complete the face-changing action. Collision with the detection mechanism causes a safety accident, thereby improving the safety of detection and reducing safety risks.

[0067] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0068] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A visual inspection device for defects in a vehicle door panel, comprising a mounting frame (1), characterized in that: A fixing platform (2) is installed on one side of the mounting frame (1), a workstation conversion mechanism is installed on the fixing platform (2), and a plurality of vehicle door bodies (3) are correspondingly restricted on the workstation conversion mechanism; A detection mechanism is installed on the other side of the mounting frame (1), the detection mechanism is arranged in cooperation with the workstation conversion mechanism, the workstation conversion mechanism is used for rotational switching adjustment of the relative position of the vehicle door body (3) and the detection mechanism, the detection mechanism is used for completing the detection work of the vehicle door body (3) on the workstation conversion mechanism, and four face-changing mechanisms are installed in combination on the workstation conversion mechanism, the four face-changing mechanisms are linked with the workstation conversion mechanism, the rotational adjustment of multiple vehicle door bodies (3) on the workstation conversion mechanism is completed respectively through the four face-changing mechanisms, and the four face-changing mechanisms are linked with the detection mechanism respectively, and the face-changing mechanism can be detachably contacted with the detection mechanism on its moving path to complete active avoidance; The workstation conversion mechanism comprises a truncated table (4) rotatably mounted on the upper surface of a fixed table (2), and four assembly racks (11) are arranged in a circular array on the top of the truncated table (4); The four face-changing mechanisms all include a driving member (28) slidably inserted into one side of the truncated table (4), the driving member (28) consisting of a round rod (281) and a driving rack (282), the round rod (281) correspondingly slidably inserted into the truncated table (4), one end of the driving rack (282) is detachably fixedly connected to the round rod (281), and a pulling spring (283) is installed between the driving rack (282) and the side wall of the truncated table (4), the two ends of the pulling spring (283) are detachably fixedly connected to the driving rack (282) and the side wall of the truncated table (4), and the pulling spring (283) is detachably fixedly connected to the driving rack (282) and the side wall of the truncated table (4). The spring (283) is sleeved on the outside of the round rod (281) in correspondence, an extrusion chamber (29) is recessed inwardly provided on the side of the round rod (281) away from the driving rack (282), an end cover is installed on the open side of the extrusion chamber (29) through a bracket, a No. 1 piston member (30) is installed in a sliding and sealing manner in the extrusion chamber (29), a contact member (31) is installed at the tail of the No. 1 piston member (30), a No. 1 pipe (32) is installed in communication with the side of the extrusion chamber (29) away from the contact member (31), and a No. 1 spring (33) is sleeved on the outside of the No. 1 piston member (30); An air chamber (34) is installed on one side of the bottom of each of the four assembly frames (11) through a bracket, a second piston member (35) is installed in the air chamber (34) in a sliding seal, the second piston member (35) is composed of a piston head and a center rod, a sliding seal on the top of the center rod of the second piston member (35) is arranged through the air chamber (34), an arc-shaped tooth plate (36) is installed at the front end of the second piston member (35), a second spring (37) is installed between the piston head of the second piston member (35) and the air chamber (34), and a second pipe (38) is installed on one side of the bottom of the air chamber (34) in communication, and the first pipe (32) is connected to the second pipe (38) through a spring pipe; An air pipe (39) is installed on one side of the bottom of each of the four assembly frames (11) through a bracket. A No. 3 piston member (40) is installed in the air pipe (39) in a sliding and sealing manner. The No. 3 piston member (40) consists of a piston head and a center rod. The top of the center rod of the No. 3 piston member (40) slides through the air pipe (39). The No. 3 piston member (40) is detachably fixedly connected to the driving rack (282) to complete linkage. A spray chamber (41) is installed on one side of the air pipe (39) at the bottom of the four assembly frames (11) through a bracket. A No. 3 pipe (42) is installed on the top of the air pipe (39) near the spray chamber (41) in communication. A No. 4 pipe (43) is installed on the top of the air pipe (39) near the spray chamber (41) in communication. The No. 4 pipe (43) is connected to the spray chamber (41) through a pipeline.

2. A visual inspection device for door panel defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gear ring (5) is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the outer wall of the truncated table (4); a drive motor (6) is mounted on the mounting frame (1) via a bracket; a drive gear (7) is mounted on the output end of the drive motor (6); and the drive gear (7) is meshed and transmission-connected with the gear ring (5); A slideway (8) is provided through the middle of the fixed platform (2), a push piece (9) is slidably engaged and installed in the slideway (8), and a hydraulic cylinder (10) is installed on one side of the bottom of the mounting frame (1) through a bracket, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (10) is detachably fixedly connected to one side of the push piece (9), and clamps (12) are installed at the top and bottom of the four assembly frames (11), and the clamps (12) at the top and bottom of the four assembly frames (11) are respectively in contact with the vehicle door body (3) to complete clamping and fixing.

3. The visual inspection device for door panel defects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of clamping members (12) each comprises a clamping seat (121) arranged at the top and bottom edges of the assembly frame (11); a rotating shaft (122) is detachably fixedly mounted on the back of the clamping seat (121); the rotating shafts (122) of the two clamping members (12) are correspondingly rotatably mounted on the top and bottom of the assembly frame (11); a fixed clamping block (123) is fixedly mounted on one side of the clamping seat (121); a movable clamping block (124) is slidably mounted on the other side of the clamping seat (121); and a cylinder (125) is mounted on one side of the clamping seat (121) via a bracket; an output end of the cylinder (125) is drivingly connected to one side of the movable clamping block (124).

4. The visual inspection device for door panel defects according to claim 3, characterized in that: A limiting gear ring (13) is provided on the external fixed sleeve of the rotating shaft (122) of the bottom clamp members (12) of the four assembly frames (11), and a one-way bearing (14) is installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft (122) of the bottom clamp members (12) of the four assembly frames (11). A rotating shaft (15) is correspondingly installed on the one-way bearing (14). The one-way bearing (14) completes the transmission connection between the rotating shaft (15) and the rotating shaft (122), and a linkage gear (16) is provided on the external fixed sleeve of the rotating shaft (15).

5. The visual inspection device for door panel defects according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection mechanism comprises a guide seat (17) arranged on one side of a mounting frame (1), a first electric slide (18) being installed on one side of the guide seat (17), a second electric slide (19) being installed at the output end of the first electric slide (18), a sliding frame (20) being installed at the output end of the second electric slide (19), a slider (21) being slidably engaged in the sliding frame (20), a return spring (22) being installed between the back of the slider (21) and the sliding frame (20), a hanging arm (23) being detachably installed on the upper surface of the slider (21), and a plurality of image acquisition devices (24) being arranged side by side and spaced apart on the side of the hanging arm (23) facing the station conversion mechanism, and the door body (3) is detected by the plurality of image acquisition devices (24).

6. The visual inspection device for door panel defects according to claim 5, characterized in that: A telescopic member (25) is mounted on one side of the slider (21) via a bracket, a contact block (251) is mounted on the front end of the telescopic member (25), two guide rails (26) are symmetrically provided on the upper surface of the guide seat (17), a trigger plate (27) is slidably engaged in the two guide rails (26), and the trigger plate (27) is in detachable contact with the side wall of the contact block (251).

7. The visual inspection device for door panel defects according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving rack (282) is meshedly connected with the linkage gear (16), and the driving rack (282) is in detachable contact with the trigger plate (27), and the contact piece (31) is in detachable contact with the push piece (9).

8. The visual inspection device for door panel defects according to claim 7, characterized in that: The arc-shaped tooth plate (36) meshes with the limiting gear ring (13) to lock the rotating shaft (122).

9. The visual inspection device for door panel defects according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of spray heads are arranged side by side at the bottom of the spray chamber (41) facing the driving rack (282) and the linkage gear (16).

10. A method for visually detecting defects in a vehicle door panel, characterized in that: Using a visual inspection device for door panel defects according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the inspection method specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1: first, the door body (3) is correspondingly restricted to the four positions on the position conversion mechanism; Step 2, the detection position of the detection mechanism is then adjusted, and the detection mechanism then completes the detection of the vehicle door body (3); Step 3: During the inspection, the door bodies (3) at the four workstations are driven to rotate by the workstation conversion mechanism to complete the conversion; Step 4: With the cooperation of the face-changing mechanism, after the workstation conversion of the workstation conversion mechanism is completed, the door body (3) facing the workstation of the detection mechanism can complete the face-changing work; Step 5: When the face-changing mechanism is in motion, the detection mechanism will be driven to follow the movement synchronously, so that the detection mechanism can actively avoid the obstacle.

Images