Traditional Chinese medicine composition and feed for preventing and treating bacterial gill-rot disease of fish and application of traditional Chinese medicine composition and feed

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of animal nutrition and feed, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition and feed for preventing and treating fish bacterial gill rot and application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition and feed. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7.5 to 12.5 parts of Chinese gall, 2.14 to 3.57 parts of radix et rhizoma rhei and 1.07 to 1.79 parts of fructus chebulae. The invention also provides a feed. The feed comprises the traditional Chinese medicine composition. Feeding tests show that the feed provided by the invention can be used for treating the bacterial gill-rot disease of the Yellow River carp, can improve the intestinal body index, serum, gill silk SOD and other immune indexes and survival rate of the Yellow River carp, does not cause water pollution, and provides a new treatment thought for the bacterial gill-rot disease of the Yellow River carp.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of animal nutrition and feed, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish, a feed and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Yellow River carp is famous for its tender and delicious meat and has high economic value. However, during the breeding process, it is often infected with Flavobacterium columnaris, which causes bacterial gill rot. Diseased fish infected with Flavobacterium columnaris often show symptoms such as rotten gills, black heads and black backs, so gill rot is also known as Aconitum plague. The mortality rate of diseased fish is very high, up to 90%. The traditional conventional prevention and control methods for bacterial gill rot include chemical drugs, antibiotics, and vaccines, but chemical drugs often cause harm due to residual water bodies, and there are often taboos for the use of chemical drugs in fish ponds. The effect of vaccines is unclear and improper operation may cause stress and death. Antibiotics are prohibited from being added to feed due to residue problems.

[0003] Chinese herbal medicine is an ideal natural, environmentally friendly green medicine with the characteristics of wide sources, low cost, long action time, and not easy to produce drug resistance. It can also accelerate the growth and development of aquatic animals, enhance their physical fitness, and improve immunity and stress resistance. However, the prior art lacks pollution-free Chinese medicine products for the treatment of bacterial gill rot. Therefore, it is of great significance to rationally screen and formulate traditional Chinese medicines and develop a pollution-free Chinese medicine product for the treatment of gill rot in Yellow River carp. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defect of lack of pollution-free Chinese medicinal products for treating bacterial gill rot in the prior art, the present invention provides a Chinese medicinal composition, feed and application thereof for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish.

[0005] The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish. The composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7.5 to 12.5 parts of gallnut, 2.14 to 3.57 parts of rhubarb and 1.07 to 1.79 parts of terminalia chebula.

[0006] Some technical solutions of the present invention also include: 30 to 50 parts by weight of garlic.

[0007] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the method for preparing the Chinese medicine composition comprises the following steps:

[0008] Weigh 7.5 to 12.5 parts of gallnut, 2.14 to 3.57 parts of rhubarb, 1.07 to 1.79 parts of terminalia chebula and 30 to 50 parts of garlic according to weight;

[0009] Extracting the gallnut with water as solvent to obtain a gallnut water extract;

[0010] Extracting the rhubarb with 65% to 75% ethanol as solvent to obtain a rhubarb alcohol extract;

[0011] Extracting the terminalia chebula with water as solvent to obtain terminalia chebula water extract;

[0012] The gallnut water extract, the rhubarb alcohol extract and the terminalia chebula water extract are mixed in a volume ratio of 5-7:2-3:1-2, and then the garlic is added and mixed to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine composition.

[0013] In some technical schemes of the present invention, the preparation method of the gallnut water extract includes: mixing the gallnut and water in a mass volume ratio of 3-6g:95-105mL, soaking for 40-60min, boiling for extraction, the extraction time is 35min-45min, and then recovering the liquid to obtain the gallnut water extract.

[0014] In some technical schemes of the present invention, the preparation method of the rhubarb alcohol extract comprises: mixing rhubarb with 65% to 75% ethanol in a ratio of 3g to 6g:45mL to 55mL, extracting at 75°C to 80°C for 8min to 12min, and recovering the liquid.

[0015] In some technical schemes of the present invention, the preparation method of the terminalia chebula water extract comprises: mixing terminalia chebula with water in a mass volume ratio of 3g-6g:95mL-105mL, soaking for 40-60min, boiling for extraction, the extraction time is 35min-45min, and then recovering the liquid to obtain the terminalia chebula water extract.

[0016] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the gallnut is mixed with water, soaked, and then boiled and extracted 1 to 2 times.

[0017] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the rhubarb is mixed with the ethanol for extraction 1 to 3 times.

[0018] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the terminalia chebula is mixed with water, and the extraction is performed 1 to 2 times after soaking.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the gallnut is Gallus chinensis.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the Chinese gallnut is produced in Sichuan or Hunan, the rhubarb is produced in Sichuan, and the terminalia chebula is produced in Guangdong.

[0021] The invention also provides a feed for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish, comprising the traditional Chinese medicine composition.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feed further comprises any one or a combination of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the protein includes: fish meal, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, silkworm pupae, meat and bone meal;

[0024] The sugars include: corn, flour, off-starch, and wheat bran;

[0025] The fats include: soybean oil, fish oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil;

[0026] The vitamins include: multivitamins for fish;

[0027] The minerals include: calcium dihydrogen phosphate and minerals for fish.

[0028] The invention also provides application of the feed in preventing and treating bacterial diseases and gill rot in fish.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present invention provides a Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish, and the Chinese medicine composition can effectively inhibit the proliferation of Flavobacterium columnaris strains without causing water pollution. The Chinese medicine composition provided by the present invention is used in Yellow River carp feed, can be used to treat bacterial gill rot in Yellow River carp, and can improve the intestinal body index and immune indicators such as serum and gill filament SOD and the survival rate of Yellow River carp, and the feed does not cause water pollution, providing a new treatment idea for bacterial gill rot in Yellow River carp.

[0031] In the Chinese medicine composition provided by the present invention, gallnut is extracted with water as solvent to obtain gallnut water extract; rhubarb is extracted with ethanol with a volume fraction of 65% to 75% as solvent to obtain rhubarb alcohol extract; terminalia chebula is extracted with water as solvent to obtain terminalia chebula water extract; gallnut water extract, rhubarb alcohol extract and terminalia chebula water extract are mixed, and then garlic is added to obtain the Chinese medicine composition. The Chinese medicine composition is added to the feed of young yellow river carp, and the immune indexes such as intestinal body index and serum and gill filament SOD and the survival rate can be improved. The Chinese medicine composition provided by the present invention is used to feed yellow river carp (120 yellow river carps of uneven size and specifications left after screening, 3 tanks, 40 carps in each tank), and after the poison is attacked with columnar bacterium, the survival rates of the three tanks are all above 90%, and the effect is repeatable and reproducible.

[0032] The Yellow River carp feed prepared according to the present invention can reduce the mortality rate of fish and reduce the economic losses of fishermen. The cost of one ton of feed according to the Chinese herbal medicine compound is 527 yuan. If calculated according to a feed coefficient of 1.5, 1.5 kg of feed is required for every 1 kg of fish weight gain, and the feed cost increases by 0.79 yuan. However, the formula can reduce the mortality rate, and the total weight of surviving fish is more than twice that of the control group. The national aquatic industry standard SC 1043-2001 Yellow River carp breeding technical specification stipulates that 1000-1500 Yellow River carps are stocked per mu. If calculated according to 1000 carps and 2 kg market specifications, the feed cost per mu increases by 1580 yuan. However, when encountering bacterial gill rot infection, according to the results of this test, 1133.2 kg of fish can survive, while 586.8 kg of the control group survives, which is 546.4 kg more than the control group. According to the market price of Yellow River carp of 80 yuan / kg, the income is 43,712 yuan more than the control group. In general, the income per mu can be increased by 42,132 yuan. Moreover, the feed will not cause water pollution, providing a new treatment idea for bacterial gill rot of Yellow River carp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific examples, but it should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the following examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0034] Yellow River carp is famous for its tender and delicious meat and has high economic value. However, it is often infected with Flavobacterium columnaris during breeding, which causes bacterial gill rot. Fish infected with Flavobacterium columnaris often show symptoms such as rotten gills, black heads and black backs, so gill rot is also known as Aconitum plague. The mortality rate of sick fish is very high, up to 90%. The traditional conventional prevention and control methods for bacterial gill rot include chemical drugs, antibiotics, and vaccines, but chemical drugs often cause harm due to residual water bodies, and there are often taboos on the use of chemical drugs in hairtail ponds. The effect of vaccines is unclear and improper operation may cause stress and death. Antibiotics are prohibited from being added to feed due to residual problems.

[0035] Chinese herbal medicine is an ideal natural, environmentally friendly green medicine with the characteristics of wide sources, low cost, long action time, and not easy to produce drug resistance. It can also accelerate the growth and development of aquatic animals, enhance their physical fitness, and improve immunity and stress resistance. However, the prior art lacks pollution-free Chinese medicine products for the treatment of bacterial gill rot. Therefore, it is of great significance to rationally screen and formulate traditional Chinese medicines and develop a pollution-free Chinese medicine product for the treatment of gill rot in Yellow River carp.

[0036] The present invention provides a Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish, which is composed of the following raw materials: 7.5 to 12.5 parts of gallnut, 2.14 to 3.57 parts of rhubarb and 1.07 to 1.79 parts of terminalia chebula. Preferably, the Chinese medicine composition provided by the present invention also includes garlic, and the use of the Chinese medicine composition provided by the present invention can effectively inhibit the proliferation of Flavobacterium columnaris strains. The Chinese medicine composition provided by the present invention is used in Yellow River carp feed to better improve the intestinal body index and immune indicators such as serum and gill filament SOD and survival rate.

[0037] 1. Experimental materials:

[0038] Hunan dubei, Hunan jiaobei, Anhui jiaobei, Sichuan dubei, Hubei dubei, Hubei jiaobei, Shaanxi dubei, Yunnan dubei, Guangzhou chebula, Yunnan chebula, Qinghai rhubarb, Sichuan rhubarb and Guizhou rhubarb used in the present invention are purchased from the Chinese herbal medicine market, crushed and then sieved through a 40-mesh sieve for standby use.

[0039] Example 1: A Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish

[0040] The traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7.5 parts of gallnut, 2.14 parts of rhubarb and 1.07 parts of terminalia chebula.

[0041] Example 2: A Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish

[0042] The traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of Chinese gallnut, 2.86 parts of rhubarb and 1.43 parts of terminalia chebula.

[0043] Example 3: A Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish

[0044] The traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12.5 parts of gallnut, 3.57 parts of rhubarb and 1.79 parts of terminalia chebula.

[0045] Example 4: A Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish

[0046] The traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7.5 parts of gallnut, 2.14 parts of rhubarb, 1.07 parts of terminalia chebula and 30 parts of garlic.

[0047] Example 5: A Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish

[0048] The traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of gallnut, 2.86 parts of rhubarb, 1.43 parts of terminalia chebula and 40 parts of garlic.

[0049] Example 6: A Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish

[0050] The traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12.5 parts of gallnut, 3.57 parts of rhubarb, 1.79 parts of terminalia chebula and 50 parts of garlic.

[0051] Example 7: Screening of origin and extraction method of Chinese medicine

[0052] Decoctions and alcohol extracts were made from Hunan dubei, Hunan jiaobei, Anhui jiaobei, Sichuan dubei, Hubei dubei, Hubei jiaobei, Shaanxi dubei, Yunnan dubei, Guangzhou chebula, Yunnan chebula, Qinghai rhubarb, Sichuan rhubarb and Guizhou rhubarb respectively.

[0053] The preparation method of the water decoction is as follows: weigh 3-6g of each Chinese medicine into a beaker, add 95mL-105mL of distilled water, soak for about 40min-60min, boil and keep slightly boiling for 35min-45min. Filter the boiled water decoction with a fine mesh, collect the filtrate, and use the filter residue for re-boiling. Put the filter residue after the first boiling in a beaker, add 45mL-55mL of distilled water and boil, transfer to an electric hot plate and continue to slightly boil for 35min-45min, filter again to obtain the filtrate after cooling, combine the filtrates, repeat the extraction 1-2 times, and make up the volume to 100mL to obtain the water decoction.

[0054] In the above method, any value within the parameter range can be used to prepare a decoction. Specifically, the following method is used in this embodiment:

[0055] Weigh 5g of each Chinese medicine in a beaker, add 100mL of distilled water, soak for about 50min, boil and keep slightly boiling for 40min. Filter the boiled decoction with a fine mesh, collect the filtrate, and use the residue for boiling again. Place the residue after the first boiling in a beaker, add 50mL of distilled water and boil, transfer to a hot plate and continue slightly boiling for 40min, filter again to get the filtrate after cooling, and add the filtrate together, and make up to 100mL to obtain a decoction.

[0056] Preparation method of alcohol extract: weigh 3-6g of Chinese medicine powder in a gauze bag, use boiling water to prepare 65%-75% ethanol solution to accelerate the alcohol extraction process, take 45-55mL and add it to the corresponding conical flask, heat it in a water bath at 75-80℃ for 8-12min, let it stand for 40-55h, collect the extract in a reagent bottle, use boiling water to prepare 65%-75% ethanol solution again, take 45-55mL and add it to each conical flask, heat it in a water bath for 8-12min, let it stand for 40-55h, recycle the operation 1-3 times, mix the three extracts, and make the volume to 200mL to prepare the alcohol extract.

[0057] In the above method, any value within the parameter range can be used to prepare the alcohol extraction agent. Specifically, the following method is used in this embodiment:

[0058] Weigh 5 g of Chinese medicine powder in a gauze bag. To speed up the alcohol extraction process, use boiling water to prepare 70% ethanol solution, take 50 mL and add it to the corresponding conical flask, heat it in a water bath at 80°C for 10 min, let it stand for 48 h, collect the extract in a reagent bottle, use boiling water to prepare 70% ethanol solution again, take 50 mL and add it to each conical flask, heat it in a water bath for 10 min, let it stand for 48 h, repeat the operation once, mix the three extracts, and make up to 200 mL to obtain the alcohol extract.

[0059] With reference to the Shieh culture medium formula of Huang Jinlu et al., 5g of peptone, 0.5g of yeast extract, 0.3g of magnesium sulfate, 0.1g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.05g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.05g of sodium bicarbonate, 0.01g of sodium acetate, 0.01g of barium chloride, 0.0067g of calcium chloride, 0.001g of ferrous sulfate, 1000mL of distilled water were added, dissolved, and sterilized at high temperature for 20min at 121°C for standby use. When making solid culture medium, agar powder was added at a ratio of 1%. Water decoctions and alcohol extracts of gallnut, rhubarb, and terminalia chebula were added in the culture medium at 1 / 256, 1 / 512, and 1 / 1024 of the culture medium volume, and antibacterial test was carried out with columnar Flavobacterium strain (purchased from the National Microbial Culture Collection Center, numbered CGMCC1.1236820210106).

[0060] According to the antibacterial test results of Galla chinensis, Sichuan Dubai and Hunan Jiaobai are better, and the effect is close, but Sichuan Dubai is slightly better than Hunan Jiaobai on the whole, and the rest are Hubei Dubai, Hunan Dubai, Qinling Dubai, and Hunan Dubai and Hubei Dubai are less different. From the processing method, the antibacterial difference between water decoction and alcohol extract can not be clearly defined, but the mold pollution of some alcohol extracts is slightly higher than that of water decoction. Therefore, the water decoction of Sichuan Galla chinensis is selected in the present embodiment. According to the antibacterial test results of rhubarb and Terminalia chebula, Sichuan rhubarb and Qinghai rhubarb alcohol extract and water decoction have better antibacterial effects than Guizhou rhubarb, but when rhubarb is added to the culture medium according to the ratio of 1 / 1024 of the culture medium volume, the antibacterial tube absorbance of adding Sichuan rhubarb alcohol extract is the minimum, so it is inferred that the antibacterial effect of Sichuan rhubarb alcohol extract may be better. Compared with Yunnan Terminalia chebula, Guangzhou Terminalia chebula water decoction has better antibacterial effect.

[0061] Then, Sichuan Dubei, Sichuan rhubarb, and Guangzhou Terminalia chebula were compounded according to Table 1 to obtain a Chinese medicine composition for antibacterial test. The results showed (see Table 1) that the SCS622 (water decoction of gallnut / rhubarb alcohol extract / terminal decoction was 6 / 2 / 2) and SCS721 (water decoction of gallnut / rhubarb alcohol extract / terminal decoction was 7 / 2 / 1) ratio schemes had better effects, because SCS721 had lower cost, so the SCS721 scheme was subsequently selected in this feed formula.

[0062] Table 1 Chinese medicine composition and antibacterial test results

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Note: SCS means Galla chinensis water decoction + Rhubarb alcohol extract + Terminalia chebula water decoction; CCS means Galla chinensis alcohol extract + Rhubarb alcohol extract + Terminalia chebula water decoction; Different lowercase letters on the shoulders of the same column in the table indicate significant differences (P<0.05), and the same letters indicate insignificant differences (P≥0.05); “-” means there is no such item.

[0066] Example 8: Basic feed formula for Yellow River carp and screening of added Chinese medicine composition and proportion

[0067] The raw materials contained in each 100g of the basic feed are shown in Table 2. In the previous study, it was found that garlic can also inhibit Flavobacterium columnaris. Therefore, in this embodiment, the gallnut, rhubarb and terminalia chebula in the Chinese medicine composition provided in Examples 4 to 6 are prepared into water extracts or alcohol extracts, and then peeled Qixian garlic is added to obtain a Chinese medicine composition, and the Chinese medicine composition is mixed with the basic feed to obtain a feed for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish. The mass of the raw materials used for adding Chinese medicine to each kg of feed for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish is shown in Table 3.

[0068] Table 2 Basic feed formula

[0069] Components Addition amount (g) raw material Addition amount (g) Fishmeal 18 Wheat bran 18 Soybean meal 30 Soybean Oil 3 corn 16 Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2 flour 12 Minerals for fish 0.5 Multivitamin for fish 0.5 - -

[0070] Note: Multivitamins for fish were purchased from Beijing Yujing Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with approval number Jingshi (Yu) Zi (2011) 290712 and production batch number 202107011; “-” indicates that the item is not available.

[0071] Table 3 Required quality of TCM raw materials

[0072] traditional Chinese medicine Low dose group (g) Medium dose group (g) High dose group (g) Sichuan Dubei Decoction 7.5 10 12.5 Sichuan rhubarb alcohol extract 2.14 2.86 3.57 Guangzhou Terminalia chebula decoction 1.07 1.43 1.79 Peeled Qixian garlic 30 40 50 Total amount (g) 40.71 54.29 67.86

[0073] Feeding experiment:

[0074] After selecting healthy and healthy Yellow River carp fingerlings for one week, 600 fish with an average weight of (13.44±0.40) g were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups, namely: a control group and 3 experimental groups containing high, medium and low doses of Chinese medicine composition. Each group was divided into 3 replicates, each replicate had 50 fish, and each replicate was put into a fish tank (70cm×50cm×40cm). The oxygen pump was used to ensure sufficient oxygen. The water temperature during the experiment was 16.4℃~24.3℃, pH 7.2; the control group was fed with basic feed, and the experimental group was fed with high, medium and low doses of basic feed containing Chinese medicine composition; the control group and the experimental group were fed at 3% of the body weight of the carp per day, and fed three times. After four weeks of feeding, samples were collected to determine growth and immune indicators. After sampling, 2×10 7 cfu / mL columnar Flavobacterium liquid was used to soak the fish for 5 minutes and then sprayed into the fish tank to attack the virus. The fish were then fed for another 16 days and the survival rate of each group, total weight of surviving fish and other indicators were calculated.

[0075] The results are shown in Tables 3, 4 and 5. As shown in Table 3, the mortality rate after the medium-dose group and the mortality rate throughout the whole process were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the weight of surviving fish was significantly higher than that in the control group. As shown in Table 4, the intestinal body index of the medium and high-dose groups was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the hepatopancreas index of the low-dose group was significantly higher than that in the control group.

[0076] As shown in Table 5, serum CAT, intestinal lysozyme, hepatopancreas superoxide dismutase (SOD), and gill lysozyme increased with the increase of the added dose of the Chinese herbal medicine compound; among them, the hepatopancreas SOD activity of the medium-dose group and the high-dose group of the Chinese medicine composition was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of the control group; in addition, the hepatopancreas CAT and gill filament SOD activities of all dose groups were higher than those of the control group, and the medium-dose group reached a significant level compared with the control group.

[0077] Table 4 Growth and survival indicators

[0078] Group Control group Low dose group Medium dose group High dose group Initial weight(g) 13.65 13.52 13.58 13.02 Natural survival rate (%) 90.00 90.39 91.21 95.99 Mortality after infection (%) <![CDATA[78.49 a ]]> <![CDATA[60.22 ab ]]> <![CDATA[35.48 b ]]> <![CDATA[52.69 ab ]]> Overall mortality rate (%) <![CDATA[70.67 a ]]> <![CDATA[59.84 ab ]]> <![CDATA[42.90 b ]]> <![CDATA[49.36 ab ]]> Weight of surviving fish (g) <![CDATA[251.90 Aa ]]> <![CDATA[259.13 AaB ]]> <![CDATA[549.20 Bb ]]> <![CDATA[391.87 ABab ]]> Average number of surviving fish (tails) 14.67 19.67 28.33 25.00

[0079] Note: Different capital letters on the same shoulder in the table indicate extremely significant differences (P<0.01), lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05), and the same letters indicate insignificant differences (P≥0.05).

[0080] Table 5 Organ development indicators

[0081] Group Control group Low dose group Medium dose group High dose group Intestinal body index (%) <![CDATA[2.12 a ]]> <![CDATA[2.27 a ]]> <![CDATA[2.91 b ]]> <![CDATA[2.69 b ]]> Hepatopancreatic index (%) <![CDATA[2.17 a ]]> <![CDATA[2.56 b ]]> <![CDATA[2.26 ab ]]> <![CDATA[2.20 a ]]> Head-kidney index (%) 0.14 0.17 0.18 0.2

[0082] Note: Lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05).

[0083] Table 6 Immune and antioxidant enzyme activity indicators

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] Note: Different capital letters on the same shoulder in the table indicate extremely significant differences (P<0.01), lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05), and the same letters indicate insignificant differences (P≥0.05).

[0087] From the feeding test, it can be known that the feed containing the Chinese medicine composition provided by the present invention can improve the intestinal index of Yellow River carp, indicating that it can promote the development of the intestine of Yellow River carp, and can reduce the mortality of gill rot caused by infection with Flavobacterium columnaris by improving the activity of intestinal lysozyme, hepatopancreas and gill filament SOD and CAT. Among them, the mortality rate after the attack of the Chinese medicine composition with a medium dose is the lowest, which is 45.2% of the control group, and the weight of the surviving fish is the highest, which is 2.18 times that of the control group.

[0088] In summary, the gallnuts produced in Sichuan and Hunan, the rhubarb produced in Sichuan, and the terminalia chebula produced in Guangdong have good antibacterial effects on Flavobacterium columnaris. Adding them to the feed of Yellow River carp according to the compound SCS721 and garlic can promote intestinal development and thus promote growth, and can reduce the mortality rate of gill rot caused by Flavobacterium columnaris infection by increasing the activity of intestinal lysozyme, hepatopancreas and gill filaments SOD and CAT.

[0089] The most suitable formula screened out through the above research:

[0090] Adding 54.29g of Chinese medicine composition (10g of Sichuan Dubei API in the form of water decoction, 2.86g of Sichuan rhubarb API in the form of alcohol extract, 1.43g of Guangzhou Terminalia chebula API in the form of water decoction, 40g of Qixian garlic API in the form of skinless) to the basic feed containing 18% fish meal, 18% wheat bran, 30% soybean meal, 16% corn, 12% flour, 3% soybean oil, 2% monocalcium phosphate, 0.5% fish minerals, and 0.5% fish multivitamin, after granulation, can reduce the mortality rate of Yellow River carp with bacterial gill rot caused by Flavobacterium columnaris and increase the total weight of surviving fish. Compared with the control group, the mortality rate was reduced by 54.8% and the weight of surviving fish was 2.18 times that of the control group. The Chinese herbal medicine compound is the core content of this technical solution.

[0091] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0092] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7.5 to 12.5 parts of gallnut, 2.14 to 3.57 parts of rhubarb and 1.07 to 1.79 parts of terminalia chebula.

2. The Chinese medicine composition according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: 30 to 50 parts by weight of garlic.

3. The Chinese medicine composition according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following steps: weighing 7.5 to 12.5 parts of gallnut, 2.14 to 3.57 parts of rhubarb, 1.07 to 1.79 parts of terminalia chebula and 30 to 50 parts of garlic according to weight; Extracting the gallnut with water as solvent to obtain a gallnut water extract; Extracting the rhubarb with 65% to 75% ethanol as a solvent to obtain a rhubarb alcohol extract; Extracting the terminalia chebula with water as solvent to obtain terminalia chebula water extract; The gallnut water extract, the rhubarb alcohol extract and the terminalia chebula water extract are mixed in a volume ratio of 5-7:2-3:1-2, and then the garlic is added and mixed to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine composition.

4. The Chinese medicine composition according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the gallnut water extract comprises: mixing the gallnut and water in a mass volume ratio of 3-6 g:95-105 mL, soaking for 40-60 min, boiling for extraction, the extraction time is 35 min-45 min, and then recovering the liquid to obtain the gallnut water extract.

5. The Chinese medicine composition according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation method of the rhubarb alcohol extract comprises: mixing rhubarb with 65% to 75% ethanol in a ratio of 3g to 6g:45mL to 55mL, extracting at 75°C to 80°C for 8min to 12min, and recovering the liquid.

6. The Chinese medicine composition according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the terminalia chebula water extract comprises: mixing terminalia chebula with water in a mass volume ratio of 3g-6g:95mL-105mL, soaking for 40-60min, boiling for extraction, the extraction time is 35min-45min, and then recovering the liquid to obtain the terminalia chebula water extract.

7. The Chinese medicine composition according to claim 6, characterized in that: Mix the gallnut with water, soak it, and then boil and extract it 1 to 2 times; The rhubarb is mixed with the ethanol for extraction 1 to 3 times; The terminalia chebula is mixed with water, and the extraction is performed 1 to 2 times after soaking.

8. A feed for preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish, characterized in that: A Chinese medicine composition comprising any one of claims 1-7.

9. The feed according to claim 8, characterized in that The feed may also contain any one or a combination of several of protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin and mineral.

10. Use of the Chinese medicine composition according to claim 1 or the feed according to claim 8 in preventing and treating bacterial gill rot in fish.

Images