Resource recycling equipment for waste plastics based on solar condensation photo-thermal pyrolysis

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of resource recycling equipment, and discloses resource recycling equipment based on solar light-gathering photo-thermal pyrolysis waste plastics, the resource recycling equipment comprises an upper tank body and a lower tank body, the upper tank body and the lower tank body are detachably connected, the top end of the upper tank body is in threaded connection with a sealing cover, the outer wall of the upper tank body is fixedly connected with a limiting sleeve block, and the limiting sleeve block is in threaded connection with the sealing cover. A support is fixed to the outer side of the limiting sleeve block. The device further comprises a material supplementing mechanism. Feeding is carried out in a pressing mode, the compression spring is installed between the round handle and the cover face, and springback during feeding is achieved. The opening is provided with a designed slope, and the plastic located at the opening enables the cover top to be sealed under the action of gravity through acting force on the side wall. And then through a pressing mode, the feeding notch appears, and the plastic particles naturally slide into the reaction wall furnace under the action of gravity. The small particle size can greatly weaken air entering the furnace, and meanwhile large heat loss does not exist. The hollow cuboid is fit with the gap of the top cover, so that the deviation of the opening is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of resource recovery equipment, and in particular to a resource recovery equipment based on solar concentrated photothermal pyrolysis of waste plastics. Background Art

[0002] China is a major producer and consumer of plastics, with a rich variety of plastic products and a wide range of uses. However, the generation, treatment, and resource recycling of waste plastics have become increasingly serious challenges facing society. Pyrolysis can effectively treat and dispose of waste plastics harmlessly, while also recycling the combustible gases and oil-phase products produced during the resource recycling process, thus having very broad application prospects. The high temperature conditions and endothermic reaction characteristics determine that the pyrolysis process requires a large amount of energy. How to effectively maintain the energy consumption of the pyrolysis process has become one of the important factors in measuring the pyrolysis process. The solar concentrating thermal process uses optical elements such as lenses or reflectors to focus a certain area of ​​sunlight into a relatively small light-collecting area, concentrating the solar energy and causing the light-collecting area to heat up due to the sunlight, thereby heating the target area and reducing the energy consumption of the pyrolysis process.

[0003] Common plastics in our daily lives include PVC, PP, ABS, and PS. These materials typically require temperatures exceeding 450°C to achieve relatively complete pyrolysis. Therefore, our concentrating reactors should also reach temperatures above 450°C. There are four main types of solar concentrators: tower, trough, linear Fresnel, and parabolic dish. Trough and tower systems are the most popular. Tower concentrators have a concentration ratio between 300 and 1000, and their heat concentration principle is similar to that of solar cookers.

[0004] Based on commercial solar cookers, this project designs a cylindrical pyrolysis reactor with a high heat transfer coefficient to maximize the use of butterfly-shaped solar concentrated energy to achieve high-temperature pyrolysis of typical waste plastics (this project selects waste PS plastics and ABS plastics as typical waste plastic representatives). At the same time, in order to ensure the quality of the pyrolysis products and the completeness of the pyrolysis, the reaction temperature required for the pyrolysis of waste plastics is further reduced by adding zeolite molecular sieve catalyst (mass ratio 1:1), thereby realizing the resource-to-energy conversion and utilization of waste plastics.

[0005] Based on this, a resource recycling equipment based on solar concentrated thermal decomposition of waste plastics is proposed. The waste plastics are recycled by converting sunlight into heat energy, and the cracking products inside are more conveniently taken out. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the technical problem proposed in the background technology of using solar energy to provide a large amount of energy for the degradation of white pollution and to facilitate the quick and convenient retrieval of the cracked materials, the present invention provides a resource recovery equipment based on solar concentrated thermal decomposition of waste plastics.

[0007] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solution: a resource recovery device based on solar concentrating thermal decomposition of waste plastics, comprising:

[0008] An upper tank body and a lower tank body, wherein the upper tank body and the lower tank body are detachably connected, a sealing cover is threadedly connected to the top of the upper tank body, a limiting sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper tank body, and a bracket is fixed to the outer side of the limiting sleeve;

[0009] Also includes:

[0010] A feeding mechanism is provided at the top of the sealing cover and includes a notch. The notch is provided at the top of the sealing cover, and a frame is vertically slidably connected in the notch. The middle of the frame is hollow, and a material receiving plate is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end. A notch is provided at the connection between the material receiving plate and the frame;

[0011] The material picking mechanism includes a convex plate, which is symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the upper tank body, and the bottom ends of the two groups of convex plates are fixedly connected to rack plates. The two groups of rack plates can be engaged with fan-shaped gears when the upper tank body and the lower tank body are installed. The top of the fan-shaped gear is fixedly connected to a rotating plate. The outer wall of the rotating plate is provided with a slot opening, and the slot opening can limit the outer end of the convex plate.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, solar energy is concentrated to generate heat and transport it to the equipment, cracking the waste plastics inside the equipment. The waste plastics to be processed can be placed in the frame and blocked by the connection between the frame and the receiving plate and the outer wall of the cover. This allows the drive device connected to the pressing plate to automatically unload the waste plastics, or it can be manually unloaded, depending on the actual situation. By pressing, a feeding gap appears, and the plastic particles naturally slide into the reaction furnace under gravity. The smaller particle size can greatly reduce the entry of air into the furnace while avoiding significant heat loss, reducing losses. The cracked waste plastics inside can be quickly removed using the material removal mechanism and further fixed by the clamping connection between the convex plate and the rotating plate to ensure the airtightness of the equipment.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above solution, the height of the notch is smaller than the thickness of the cover, and a side plate is fixedly connected to one side of the receiving plate, and the side plate is movable in the upper tank body.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, the elasticity of the compression spring ensures that the notch can abut against the outer wall of the cover, thereby preventing the waste plastic inside from overflowing.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the feeding mechanism also includes a sliding hole, which passes through the sealing cover, and a sliding rod is vertically slidably connected inside the sealing cover. The top end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to a pressing plate, and the bottom end of the sliding rod is threadedly connected to the side plate. A compression spring is elastically connected between the pressing plate and the sealing cover, and the compression spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the side plates are fixed by means of sliding rods, and the compression springs are used to enable the equipment to perform elastic blanking.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above solution, a connecting hole is opened on the outer wall of the upper tank body, and a connecting pipe is threadedly connected to the connecting hole for gas transportation.

[0018] The above technical solution ensures that the plastic reacts readily with oxygen during pyrolysis, and the valuable gaseous products generated during the reaction need to be collected. Therefore, a sealed, oxygen-free environment is required during the reaction. Furthermore, to maximize the use of the heat collected by the butterfly-shaped concentrator, the cylindrical pyrolysis reactor is constructed of copper.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the material-taking mechanism also includes a vertical groove 1, a threaded groove and a vertical groove 2 respectively opened from bottom to top at the bottom of the upper tank body, and the three are connected in sequence. The vertical groove 1 and the vertical groove 2 are both vertically arranged, and the threaded groove is spirally arranged.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above solution, a slider is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connection between the lower tank body and the upper tank body, and the slider slides in the vertical groove 1, the threaded groove and the vertical groove 2 to meet the sealing and locking requirements of the equipment.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, the vertically set guide grooves at both ends can be used to ensure that the equipment can be quickly positioned and firmly connected in the threaded groove section. Finally, the second section of the vertical groove is used to drive the rotating plate vertically upward to clamp and limit the convex plate.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the outer wall of the lower tank body is fixedly connected with a protrusion, and the protrusion is rotatably connected with a rotating sleeve. Top plates are fixedly connected on both sides of the rotating sleeve, and the bottom ends of the two groups of top plates are fixedly connected with hydraulic rods, and the bottom ends of the two groups of hydraulic rods are installed on the ground.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, two sets of hydraulic rods are used to drive the rotating sleeve to perform vertical displacement, and drive the lower tank body which is rotatably connected with the rotating sleeve to be connected and fixed along the guide groove vertical groove 1, thread groove and vertical groove 2.

[0024] As a further improvement of the above solution, the top ends of the two groups of top plates are fixedly connected with rotating sleeves, and the top ends of the two groups of rotating sleeves are rotatably connected to the rotating plates.

[0025] As a further improvement of the above solution, the second vertical groove matches the position of the convex plate, and when the second vertical groove and the slider are slidably installed, the rotating plate can match the position of the convex plate.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, the guide groove is used to guide the rotating sleeve to match the second position of the vertical groove, and to ensure that the rack plate can engage with the fan gear, so that when the second section of the vertical groove slides vertically upward, the upper tank body and the lower tank body can be locked when connected.

[0027] As a further improvement of the above solution, sealing members are provided at the connection between the sealing cover and the material taking mechanism, the connection between the upper tank body and the sealing cover, the connection between the upper tank body and the lower tank body, and the connection between the connecting hole and the connecting pipe.

[0028] Through the above technical solution, the air tightness of the equipment is guaranteed and the heat energy loss is reduced.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) The present invention can achieve continuous and efficient thermal cracking of waste plastics under sunlight without the need for external energy, effectively achieving efficient treatment and disposal of waste plastics. At the same time, through concentrated photothermal pyrolysis, high-value utilization of waste plastics is achieved. By adding zeolite molecular sieves as a catalyst for the thermal cracking of waste plastics, the selected waste plastics can be efficiently converted into gaseous products and oil-phase products at around 400°C, effectively improving conversion efficiency.

[0031] (2) The present invention feeds by pressing, and a compression spring is installed between the round handle and the cover to achieve rebound during feeding. The opening has a designed slope, and the plastic located here, due to the action of gravity, causes the top of the cover to be sealed by the force exerted on the side wall. Afterwards, by pressing, a feeding gap appears, and the plastic particles naturally slide into the reaction furnace due to gravity. The smaller particle size can greatly reduce the air entering the furnace while avoiding large heat loss. The hollow cuboid fits the gap in the top cover and does not cause the opening to shift. The spring can realize semi-automatic feeding operation without the need for additional work. Based on the industrial production foundation, the pressing operation is also replaced by an instrument to ensure personal safety.

[0032] (3) The present invention utilizes a material taking mechanism to ensure quick disassembly and assembly of the device, so that the waste plastic after internal cracking can be easily taken out, and it is beneficial to carry out protective maintenance inside the device, reducing the difficulty of maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a resource recovery device based on solar concentrated thermal decomposition of waste plastics provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper tank body and the lower tank body in the connection state of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material taking mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at a in the middle;

[0038] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point b.

[0039] Description of main symbols:

[0040] 1. Upper tank body; 2. Lower tank body; 3. Sealing cover; 4. Limiting sleeve; 5. Connecting hole; 6. Connecting pipe; 7. Incision; 8. Frame; 9. Receiving plate; 10. Side plate; 11. Sliding hole; 12. Sliding rod; 13. Pressing plate; 14. Compression spring; 15. Rotating sleeve; 16. Top plate; 17. Hydraulic rod; 18. Slider; 19. Vertical groove 1; 20. Threaded groove; 21. Vertical groove 2; 22. Raised plate; 23. Rotating sleeve; 24. Rotating plate; 25. Sector gear; 26. Rack plate; 27. Slot opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] Please combine Figures 1-4 The present embodiment is a resource recovery device based on solar concentrating thermal decomposition of waste plastics, comprising an upper tank body 1 and a lower tank body 2, the upper tank body 1 and the lower tank body 2 being detachably connected, a sealing cover 3 being threadedly connected to the top of the upper tank body 1, a limiting sleeve 4 being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper tank body 1, and a bracket being fixed to the outer side of the limiting sleeve 4;

[0044] It also includes a feeding mechanism, which is arranged at the top of the cover 3 and includes a cutout 7. The cutout 7 is opened at the top of the cover 3. A frame 8 is vertically slidably connected in the cutout 7. The middle of the frame 8 is hollow, and a material receiving plate 9 is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end. A notch is provided at the connection between the material receiving plate 9 and the frame 8.

[0045] The height of the notch is smaller than the thickness of the cover 3 . A side plate 10 is fixedly connected to one side of the receiving plate 9 , and the side plate 10 is movable in the upper tank body 1 .

[0046] The feeding mechanism also includes a sliding hole 11, which passes through the cover 3, and a sliding rod 12 is vertically slidably connected inside the cover 3. The top of the sliding rod 12 is fixedly connected to a pressing plate 13, and the bottom end of the sliding rod 12 is threadedly connected to the side plate 10. A compression spring 14 is elastically connected between the pressing plate 13 and the cover 3, and the compression spring 14 is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod 12.

[0047] A connecting hole 5 is formed on the outer wall of the upper tank body 1 , and a connecting pipe 6 is connected to the inner thread of the connecting hole 5 for gas transportation.

[0048] The implementation principle of a resource recovery device based on solar concentrated thermal decomposition of waste plastics in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0049] The waste plastics to be cracked are placed in the equipment, and then the solar heat is transferred to the equipment by the photothermal utilization equipment. Due to the effect of the copper material of the equipment, it is more conducive to heat energy transfer, and the connecting pipe 6 is used to add zeolite molecular sieve catalyst to the equipment, and the addition ratio is 1:1 by mass. When uninterrupted feeding is required, the waste plastics can be placed in the frame 8, and under the resistance of the outer wall of the cover 3 and the material receiving plate 9, the pressing plate 13 is intermittently pressed by the equipment to realize that the sliding rod 12 slidably connected to the sliding hole 11 drives the side plate 10 and the frame 8 to move vertically downward under the sliding of the cover 3, and exposes the feed port building. The waste plastics can fall down by themselves under gravity under the slope, and the pressing plate 13 rebounds by the compression spring 14 after being pressed, and drives the frame 8 to return to its place.

[0050] Example 2:

[0051] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 Based on Example 1, this embodiment has the following further improvements:

[0052] The material-taking mechanism includes a convex plate 22, which is symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the upper tank body 1, and the bottom ends of the two groups of convex plates 22 are fixedly connected to a rack plate 26. The two groups of rack plates 26 can be meshed and connected with a sector gear 25 when the upper tank body 1 and the lower tank body 2 are installed. The top of the sector gear 25 is fixedly connected to a rotating plate 24. A slot opening 27 is opened on the outer wall of the rotating plate 24, and the slot opening 27 can limit the outer end of the convex plate 22.

[0053] The material taking mechanism also includes a vertical groove 19, a threaded groove 20 and a vertical groove 21 which are respectively opened from bottom to top at the bottom of the upper tank body 1. The three are connected in sequence. The vertical groove 19 and the vertical groove 21 are both vertically arranged, and the threaded groove 20 is spirally arranged.

[0054] A slider 18 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connection between the lower tank body 2 and the upper tank body 1. The slider 18 slides in the vertical groove 19, the threaded groove 20 and the vertical groove 21 to ensure the sealing and locking of the equipment.

[0055] A protrusion is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower tank body 2, and the protrusion is rotatably connected to a rotating sleeve 15. Top plates 16 are fixedly connected on both sides of the rotating sleeve 15, and the bottom ends of the two groups of top plates 16 are fixedly connected to hydraulic rods 17, and the bottom ends of the two groups of hydraulic rods 17 are installed on the ground.

[0056] The top ends of the two groups of top plates 16 are fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve blocks 23 , and the top ends of the two groups of rotating sleeve blocks 23 are rotatably connected to the rotating plate 24 .

[0057] The second vertical groove 21 matches the position of the protruding plate 22 , and when the second vertical groove 21 and the slider 18 are slidably installed, the rotating plate 24 can match the position of the protruding plate 22 .

[0058] Sealing elements are provided at the connection between the cover 3 and the material taking mechanism, the connection between the upper tank body 1 and the cover 3, the connection between the upper tank body 1 and the lower tank body 2, and the connection between the connecting hole 5 and the connecting pipe 6.

[0059] The implementation principle of a resource recovery device based on solar concentrated thermal decomposition of waste plastics in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0060] After the waste plastic inside is fully cracked, the two sets of hydraulic rods 17 are started to retract, and the top plate 16 is used to drive the rotating sleeve plate 15 to descend, so that the rotating plate 24 is released from the engagement with the convex plate 22 under the meshing connection of the rack plate 26 and the sector gear 25. At this time, the slider 18 in the lower tank body 2 slides down in the vertical groove 21 section, and as the lower tank body 2 moves downward, the slider 18 will rotate under the threaded guidance of the threaded groove 20 under the rotation connection with the rotating sleeve plate 15, and release the connection with the upper tank body 1, and then continue to slide down, and cooperate with the sliding of the slider 18 and the vertical groove 1 19 to completely release the connection between the upper tank body 1 and the lower tank body 2. At this time, the lower tank body 2 will be completely separated from the upper tank body 1, so that it is convenient for the staff to quickly take out the cracked materials.

[0061] After taking it, you only need to reverse the above operation. When the slider 18 slides vertically upward along the vertical groove 21, the rack plate 26 and the sector gear 25 are engaged to rotate the rotating plate 24 around the rotating sleeve 23, and the slot opening 27 and the convex plate 22 are inserted to complete further limiting.

[0062] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and replacements made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A resource recovery device based on solar concentrated thermal decomposition of waste plastics, comprising: An upper tank body and a lower tank body, wherein the upper tank body and the lower tank body are detachably connected, a sealing cover is threadedly connected to the top of the upper tank body, a limiting sleeve block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper tank body, and a bracket is fixed to the outer side of the limiting sleeve block; It is characterized by further comprising: A feeding mechanism, which is arranged at the top of the sealing cover and includes a cutout, which is opened at the top of the sealing cover, a frame body is vertically slidably connected in the cutout, the middle of the frame body is hollow, and a material receiving plate is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom end, and a notch is arranged at the connection between the material receiving plate and the frame body; The material picking mechanism comprises a convex plate, which is symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the upper tank body, and the bottom ends of the two groups of convex plates are fixedly connected with rack plates, and the two groups of rack plates can be meshed and connected with fan gears when the upper tank body and the lower tank body are installed, and the top of the fan gear is fixedly connected with a rotating plate, and the outer wall of the rotating plate is provided with a slot opening, and the slot opening can limit the outer end of the convex plate.

2. The resource recovery equipment based on solar concentrated photothermal pyrolysis of waste plastics as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the notch is smaller than the thickness of the cover. A side plate is fixedly connected to one side of the receiving plate, and the side plate is movable in the upper tank body.

3. The resource recovery equipment based on solar concentrated photothermal pyrolysis of waste plastics as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: The feeding mechanism also includes a sliding hole, which passes through the sealing cover, and a sliding rod is vertically slidably connected inside the sealing cover, a pressing plate is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding rod, and the bottom of the sliding rod is threadedly connected to the side plate, and a compression spring is elastically connected between the pressing plate and the sealing cover, and the compression spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod.

4. The resource recovery equipment based on solar concentrated photothermal pyrolysis of waste plastics as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the upper tank body is provided with a connecting hole, and a connecting pipe is threadedly connected to the connecting hole for gas transportation.

5. The resource recovery equipment based on solar concentrated photothermal pyrolysis of waste plastics as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The material taking mechanism also includes a vertical groove 1, a threaded groove and a vertical groove 2 which are respectively opened from bottom to top at the bottom of the upper tank body, and the three are connected in sequence. The vertical groove 1 and the vertical groove 2 are both vertically arranged, and the threaded groove is spirally arranged.

6. The resource recovery equipment based on solar concentrated photothermal pyrolysis of waste plastics as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A sliding block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connection between the lower tank body and the upper tank body, and the sliding block slides in the vertical groove 1, the threaded groove and the vertical groove 2 to meet the sealing and locking requirements of the equipment.

7. The resource recovery equipment for waste plastics based on solar concentrated thermal pyrolysis as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the lower tank body is fixedly connected with a protrusion, and the protrusion is rotatably connected with a rotating sleeve plate, top plates are fixedly connected on both sides of the rotating sleeve plate, and the bottom ends of the two groups of top plates are fixedly connected with hydraulic rods, and the bottom ends of the two groups of hydraulic rods are installed on the ground.

8. The resource recovery equipment for waste plastics based on solar concentrated thermal pyrolysis as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The top ends of the two groups of top plates are fixedly connected with rotating sleeve blocks, and the top ends of the two groups of rotating sleeve blocks are rotatably connected with the rotating plates.

9. The resource recovery equipment based on solar concentrated photothermal pyrolysis of waste plastics as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The second vertical groove matches the position of the convex plate, and when the second vertical groove and the sliding block are slidably installed, the rotating plate can match the position of the convex plate.

10. A resource recovery device based on solar concentrated photothermal pyrolysis of waste plastics as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Sealing elements are provided at the connection between the sealing cover and the material taking mechanism, at the connection between the upper tank body and the sealing cover, at the connection between the upper tank body and the lower tank body, and at the connection between the connecting hole and the connecting pipe.

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