Ecological restoration system for high and steep side slopes in high and cold arid regions and construction method of ecological restoration system

Abstract

The ecological restoration system comprises a snow melting assembly, the snow melting assembly comprises heating constant-temperature nets, a plurality of iron chains and fixing pieces, the heating constant-temperature nets are used for melting accumulated snow, at least two layers of heating constant-temperature nets are laid, and the iron chains are transversely arranged between every two adjacent layers of heating constant-temperature nets; a power supply device; the collecting assembly is used for collecting rainwater generated after the snow melting assembly melts the snow, and the collected rainwater is used for the side slope; the invention further provides a novel base material which comprises special foam particles, cotton old clothes fibers, bacillus subtilis, an adhesive and tailings, the problems of heat preservation and water retention in high and cold arid regions are solved, and vegetation growth is remarkably promoted. A set of sustainable ecological restoration system is constructed by innovatively combining the heating constant-temperature net, the rain, the collecting assembly, the power equipment and the novel ecological base material, and multiple challenges of ecological restoration and reinforcement of the high and steep slopes in the alpine and arid regions are successfully overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, and in particular to an ecological restoration system for high and steep slopes in high-cold and arid areas and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of economy, the level of urban infrastructure in high-altitude and arid areas is gradually improving, and the road traffic network is becoming more and more perfect. In the process of economic construction, resource development and infrastructure construction, a large number of modern earthwork projects are involved, and a large number of high and steep slopes are formed.

[0003] The harsh natural environment in the high-altitude arid region has resulted in a single ecosystem structure, poor stability, and weak self-recovery ability. In addition, the region is rich in mineral resources, and resource exploitation has led to large-scale mountain excavation, resulting in exposed rocks, loose soil, serious vegetation damage, reduced soil and water conservation functions, reduced biodiversity, and a series of other problems. Therefore, slope ecological restoration technology in high-altitude arid regions is a difficult point to manage.

[0004] At present, the common slope types mainly include soil slopes, high and steep slopes and slag accumulation slopes. In contrast, high and steep slopes have steeper slopes, poor adhesion, lack of soil, water, organic matter and other nutrients required for plant growth, and a harsh growth environment. Rocks have poor water retention and low nutrient content, making it difficult for vegetation to obtain the required water and nutrients from rocks. In addition, the slope is steep and the water flow rate is high, so vegetation and soil are easily washed away. In addition, on steep slopes, since rainwater cannot fully penetrate, it is difficult for vegetation to obtain the required water, making it difficult for vegetation to survive in arid areas.

[0005] The traditional methods of high and steep slope protection mainly include the following three methods:

[0006] 1. Vegetation coverage: The roots of vegetation can increase the cohesion and anti-slip properties of the soil, reduce soil erosion, and improve the environment. However, its disadvantages are also obvious. Since the growth cycle of vegetation is relatively long, the soil fixation effect is not obvious before a complete vegetation coverage is formed. In addition, even after complete coverage, the growth of vegetation is greatly affected by environmental factors, and the protective effect is limited;

[0007] 2. Reinforced concrete reinforcement: Use reinforced concrete for reinforcement and support, such as reinforced walls and anchors, to enhance the bearing capacity and earthquake resistance of the slope. Although this method can improve the strength and durability of the entire slope, it requires the transformation of the original landform, thus causing certain damage and impact on the terrain and ecological environment;

[0008] 3. Geosynthetics reinforcement: Use various geosynthetics, such as geonets and gabions, to reinforce slopes. These materials have good tensile properties, can improve the stability and bearing capacity of slopes, and effectively prevent problems such as slope landslides and erosion. However, geosynthetics have poor durability, and long-term exposure to the natural environment may cause their performance to gradually decrease. They need regular inspection and replacement, and the cost of later maintenance and management is high. In addition, they are not well suited for slope ecological restoration in high-altitude arid areas.

[0009] It can be seen that the ecological restoration of high and steep slopes faces the following major difficulties: (1) Complex terrain: High and steep slopes have steep inclinations and complex terrain features, which increase the difficulty of ecological restoration; (2) Soil erosion: The rock surface usually lacks soil cover and is prone to soil erosion; (3) Poor vegetation growth conditions: The soil on high and steep slopes is poor and lacks nutrients and organic matter; (4) Difficulty in continuous maintenance and management: The environment in high-altitude arid areas is harsh and resources are scarce, so continuous maintenance and management requires a lot of manpower, material and financial resources.

[0010] The ecological restoration of high and steep slopes faces many difficulties such as the above. Since the construction of high and steep slopes is difficult, it has high requirements for materials, machinery and technology. Therefore, it is very important to take effective protective measures to ensure the stability and safety of the slopes. However, traditional high and steep slope protection technology cannot solve the above problems well. Summary of the invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ecological restoration system for high and steep slopes in high-cold and arid areas and a construction method thereof in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0012] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0013] An ecological restoration system for steep slopes in alpine and arid areas, comprising:

[0014] A snow melting assembly, comprising a heating constant temperature net, a plurality of iron chains and a fixing part, wherein the heating constant temperature net is used to melt snow, the heating constant temperature net is laid in at least two layers, the plurality of iron chains are respectively arranged transversely between two adjacent layers of the heating constant temperature net, and the fixing part is used to fix the iron chains on a high and steep slope;

[0015] Power supply equipment for providing power to the heating and temperature control grid; and

[0016] The collection component is used to collect rainwater generated after the snow is melted by the snow-melting component, and the collected rainwater is used for drainage and maintenance on high and steep slopes.

[0017] Optionally, the heating and constant temperature network includes multiple heating and constant temperature units and locks, and two adjacent heating and constant temperature units are connected by locks; and each of the heating and constant temperature units is equipped with a plug at one end and a socket at the other end, and the plug and the socket are designed with male and female ends, and electrical contacts are provided inside the plug and the socket. The plug of each heating and constant temperature unit is connected to the socket of the next heating and constant temperature unit in turn through a plug-in connection point to form a continuous series circuit.

[0018] Optionally, the heating constant temperature unit includes a galvanized protective layer, a heating cable and a solar salt filler. The heating cable is arranged in the galvanized protective layer to generate constant heat, and the solar salt filler is filled between the galvanized protective layer and the heating cable to store and regulate heat.

[0019] Optionally, the surface of the galvanized protective layer is arranged in a wavy shape.

[0020] Optionally, the power supply device includes a photovoltaic panel and a battery, and the photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the battery.

[0021] Optionally, the power supply device includes a wind turbine and a battery, and the wind turbine is electrically connected to the battery.

[0022] Optionally, the collection component includes a drainage channel, a water collecting trough, a water collecting pipe, a water tank and a pumping component; a plurality of the drainage channels are respectively arranged longitudinally along the high and steep slopes for collecting rainwater produced after snow melting; the water collecting trough is laterally arranged at the bottom ends of the plurality of drainage channels for collecting rainwater flowing down from the drainage channels; one end of the water collecting pipe is connected to the water tank, and the other end is connected to the water collecting trough through a connecting pipe; the pumping component is provided in the water collecting pipe and the water tank for transporting rainwater in the water collecting trough to the water tank; the other end of the water tank is connected to a drain pipe for drainage maintenance on the high and steep slopes.

[0023] A construction method for an ecological restoration system for high and steep slopes in high-cold and arid areas, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1. Determine the reinforcement position and length: Determine the position and length to be reinforced according to the high and steep slope to be reinforced;

[0025] S2. Pre-treat the slope surface: clean up the weeds and debris on the steep slope surface, and trim the steep slope surface to make it smooth and uniform. If there are cracks or unevenness on the steep slope surface, fill and repair it to ensure the anchoring effect of the iron chain;

[0026] S3. Design and planning: Determine the depth, length and width of the drainage channel according to the conditions of the high and steep slope and the amount of water to be drained, plan the location of the borehole on the surface of the high and steep slope, and make the drainage channel and the soil, rock and slope surface around the drilling area flat, dry and free of debris for excavation and construction;

[0027] S4. Digging drainage channels: Use excavators or manual digging tools to dig drainage channels according to the design drawings, so that the width and depth of the drainage channels meet the design requirements; then lay a layer of gravel filter layer on the drainage channels to filter out silt and debris, avoid clogging the drainage channels, and ensure that water can flow smoothly;

[0028] S5. Install pipes and joints: Install pipes for drainage at the bottom of the drainage channel, and use joints to connect the drainage channel with the drainage pipes to ensure that the water from the drainage channel flows smoothly to the pipes without leakage;

[0029] S6. Concrete pouring: pour concrete on the high and steep slope surface in and around the drainage channel and use a scraper to level it to ensure the structural strength and surface flatness of the drainage channel. Further treatment and detail finishing of the drainage channel to ensure that the surface of the drainage channel is flat, without gaps, horizontal deviations and protrusions;

[0030] S7. Drilling: Drill holes according to the length and depth of reinforcement required; select chains and anchors of appropriate sizes according to the reinforcement length and the load to be borne, and drill holes in the anchors to fix the anchors on the slope;

[0031] S8. Fix the heating and constant temperature net: first lay the heating and constant temperature net evenly along the slope surface, then put the iron chain between the two layers of the heating and constant temperature net, insert the anchor into the lock buckle, iron chain and drill hole in turn, and use steel nails to fix the anchor on the slope surface;

[0032] S9, sowing: after laying, evenly fill a layer of peat soil in the planting hole of the heating constant temperature net, and sow the plant seeds into the planting hole; then mix the ecological substrate and clay in proportion, and then put the ecological substrate mixture into the wet spraying machine, and spray it into the planting hole perpendicular to the slope to form an ecological substrate protection layer;

[0033] S10, covering with straw for protection: after completing the above steps, covering the ecological substrate protective layer with straw, and spraying water to keep it moisturized;

[0034] S11. Maintenance: spray water appropriately according to the temperature and humidity to keep the protective layer of the ecological substrate moist; after the plants germinate, uncover the straw covering, and water and fertilize regularly until the plant stems and leaves are covered with the heating constant temperature net, and then let them grow naturally.

[0035] Optionally, in step S9, the ecological substrate is composed of a mixture of organic fertilizer, composite carbon source, cold-resistant Bacillus subtilis JQ-0101D, sodium polyacrylate, phosphate tailings base, polyacrylamide, water-based polyurethane composite glue AH-1802A, cotton old clothing fibers, foam particles and matrix soil.

[0036] Optionally, the straw covering in step S11 is a mixture of wheat straw, corn straw and rice straw, which are bundled and covered and are removed after the seeds germinate.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. The structure of the heating constant temperature unit of the present invention from inside to outside is: heating cable, solar salt (mainly composed of a mixture of NaNO3, NaCl and KNO3) and galvanized protective layer; after the heating cable is energized, a resistance heating effect is generated, heat is released and transferred to the surrounding solar salt, and the solar salt has good thermal stability, heat capacity and heat conduction ability, and absorbs, stores and releases heat within the melting temperature range, and can provide heat for a period of time even when the power is insufficient; the solar salt also has low corrosion and oxidation resistance, and is not easy to corrode with the heating cable protective layer and the external galvanized steel plate; the constant temperature network The outer shell adopts wavy galvanized sheet, which can form a denser heating area in a smaller range, making the heat more concentrated and reducing the occurrence of cold spots and hot spots. This optimized heat transfer method effectively avoids the problem of local temperature being too low or too high, and achieves a more uniform heating effect. At the same time, the wavy outer shell increases the contact area between the constant temperature net and the slope surface and the ecological substrate, increases the surface area for heat transfer, further improves the heat transfer efficiency, and thus improves the overall heating energy efficiency. In addition, the wavy appearance is also highly adaptable, and can cover even small stones or bumps on the slope surface.

[0039] 2. The heating and constant temperature net of the present invention is assembled from a single heating and constant temperature unit and fixed on the slope surface by transversely arranged iron chains and anchor nails on the edge. This arrangement has excellent adaptability and flexibility and can be well applied to the reinforcement of high and steep slopes in high-cold and arid areas; the shape of the chain can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual terrain conditions, and the device can still provide effective reinforcement even in the face of slopes with steep inclinations and complex terrain features; in addition, the heating and constant temperature units can be assembled at will, and multiple iron chains can be used in combination side by side, thereby expanding the coverage area and adapting to slopes of different shapes and sizes, thereby achieving a comprehensive slope reinforcement effect. After reinforcement, the entire slope surface has strong flexibility and good durability, and has no impact on the original landform and ecological environment;

[0040] 3. The soil of the steep slope is barren and the vegetation growth environment is bad. After laying the heating constant temperature net, the present invention arranges it in a grid form on the slope surface, which can provide a more uniform heat distribution and spray the ecological base material protection layer in the holes. The sprayed ecological base material can evenly cover the entire slope protection net to form a continuous ecological protection layer; by covering the slope surface, it effectively prevents soil erosion and water flow from scouring the slope and maintains soil stability; in addition, the components in the sprayed ecological base material include organic matter, fertilizers and seeds, etc., which provide the necessary nutrition and environment for plant growth; this promotes the growth and rooting of plant roots, increases the stability of the slope, and provides favorable soil, temperature and other conditions for vegetation growth;

[0041] 4. The collection assembly of the present invention solves the problem of water shortage in high-altitude arid areas and provides a reliable water source for plant growth. In winter, the snow water after the constant temperature network melts snow and ice is collected into the water tank by a water pump. In summer, it is automatically irrigated when the designed humidity is reached, saving time and labor and reducing the risk of plant growth. The implementation of this system can reduce the pressure on the natural environment and maintain the stability and sustainable development of the ecosystem.

[0042] 5. The energy supply in high-altitude and arid areas is often limited, but the present invention can achieve diversified power supply by utilizing wind energy and solar energy. In these areas, solar energy is relatively abundant in spring and summer, while wind energy is more abundant in winter. By rationally arranging wind turbines and solar photovoltaic panels, the natural conditions in high-altitude and arid areas can be fully utilized to maximize energy utilization and improve the reliability of energy supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the slope ecological restoration system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a snow melting assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a heating and constant temperature unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is an assembly diagram of a heating and constant temperature unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 It is a diagram of the fixing arrangement of the heating constant temperature net and the iron chain in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a collection component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 The present invention Figure 1 Middle AA section view.

[0050] In the figure: 1. Heating and thermostatic unit; 101. Heating cable; 102. Insulating protective layer; 103. Solar salt filler; 104. Galvanized protective layer; 105. Lock; 2. Iron chain; 3. Fixing parts; 4. Drainage channel; 5. Water collection tank; 6. Water collection pipe; 7. Drain pipe; 8. Pumping parts; 9. Water tank; 10. Photovoltaic panel; 11. Wind turbine; 12. Battery; 13. Concrete slope; 14. High and steep slope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0053] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0054] The high and steep slope ecological restoration system in the high-cold and arid areas provided by the present invention is referred to Figure 1-Figure 7 ,include

[0055] A snow melting assembly, comprising a heating constant temperature net, a plurality of iron chains 2 and a fixing member 3, wherein the heating constant temperature net is used to melt snow, the heating constant temperature net is laid in at least two layers, the plurality of iron chains 2 are laterally arranged between two adjacent layers of the heating constant temperature net, and the fixing member 3 is used to fix the iron chains 2 on the high and steep slope 14;

[0056] Power supply equipment for providing power to the heating and temperature control grid; and

[0057] The collecting component is used to collect rainwater generated after the snow melting component melts snow, and the collected rainwater is used for drainage and maintenance on the high and steep slope 14.

[0058] Specifically, in high-cold and arid areas, when ice and snow cover the steep slope 14, the heating constant temperature net in the snow melting assembly generates heat through the electricity provided by the power supply equipment to melt the ice and snow accumulated on the surface of the steep slope 14. When in use, two layers of heating constant temperature nets are laid first, and then the constant temperature nets are firmly connected to the slope surface through the iron chain 2. Secondly, the heating constant temperature net of the present invention is fixed on the slope surface through the horizontally arranged iron chain 2 and the anchor nails on the edge. This arrangement has excellent adaptability and flexibility and can be well applied to the reinforcement of the steep slope 14 in high-cold and arid areas. The shape of the iron chain 2 can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual terrain conditions. Even in the face of slopes with steep inclinations and complex terrain features, the device can still provide effective reinforcement. Multiple iron chains 2 can be used in combination side by side, thereby expanding the coverage area and adapting to slopes of different shapes and sizes. After reinforcement, the entire slope surface has strong flexibility and good durability, and has no impact on the original landform and ecological environment. The fixing part 3 is used to fix the iron chain 2 on the high and steep slope 14 to ensure the stability of the snow melting component in harsh environments. The fixing part 3 can be anchor nails, steel nails, expansion bolts, chemical anchors, etc., and the most suitable fixing method is selected according to the slope material and conditions. The power supply equipment is a device that provides power to the heating and constant temperature network. It can be a renewable energy power generation system such as solar energy and wind energy, or a traditional power supply system, such as a small diesel generator, power grid power supply, etc. The power supply equipment must ensure the continuous operation of the heating and constant temperature network to meet the power demand required for snow melting; the collection component is used to collect rainwater generated after the snow melting component melts snow. Through the drainage system in the collection component, the rainwater is collected and collected in the water tank 9. The collected rainwater is initially filtered to remove impurities and can be used for water spraying maintenance of the high and steep slope 14 to promote vegetation growth, enhance slope stability, and promote the recovery and stability of the slope ecology.

[0059] In summary, the ecological restoration system for high and steep slopes 14 in high-altitude and arid areas provided by the present invention can not only effectively solve the problem of snow accumulation on high and steep slopes 14 in high-altitude and arid areas through the coordinated work of snow melting components, power supply equipment and collection components, but also promote the recovery of slope ecology and the growth of vegetation, and has significant environmental benefits.

[0060] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 The heating and constant temperature network includes multiple heating and constant temperature units 1 and locks 105. Two adjacent heating and constant temperature units 1 are connected by the locks 105 to form a continuous and adjustable network structure, so that the heating and constant temperature units 1 can be assembled at will through the locks 105, and multiple iron chains 2 can be used in combination side by side, thereby expanding the coverage area and adapting to slopes of different shapes and sizes.

[0061] Specifically, refer to Figure 2-Figure 4The heating thermostatic unit 1 includes a galvanized protective layer 104, a heating cable 101 and a solar salt filler 103. The heating cable 101 is arranged in the galvanized protective layer 104 for generating constant heat, and an insulating protective layer 102 is also arranged on the periphery of the heating cable 101. The solar salt filler 103 is filled between the galvanized protective layer 104 and the heating cable 101 for storing and regulating heat. In addition, one end of each heating cable 101 is equipped with a plug and the other end is provided with a socket, which is similar to the male and female end design of the mobile phone charging interface. The shape and size of the plug and the socket must be precisely matched to ensure the stability and safety of the electrical connection. Electrical contacts are designed inside the plug and the socket, which are usually made of highly conductive materials such as copper or gold-plated copper. These electrical contacts are electrically connected in series. This connection method means that when the current starts to flow from the power supply through the heating cable 101 of the first heating thermostatic unit 1, it will continue to flow through the heating cables 101 of the subsequent heating thermostatic units 1 until the last unit of the entire network, forming a continuous series circuit. During operation, the positive end of each heating cable 101 is connected to the negative end of the next unit in turn through the plug-in connection point to form a continuous series circuit.

[0062] Among them, the galvanized protective layer 104 is made of galvanized steel plate. It should be noted that the sizes of all single thermostatic mesh modules should be exactly the same, or the error meets the use requirements, so that adjacent thermostatic mesh modules can be stably assembled to firmly cover the entire slope. The galvanized protective layer 104 is the shell of the heating thermostatic unit 1, providing mechanical strength and anti-corrosion protection, ensuring that the unit can work stably in various environments. The use of the galvanized protective layer 104 also enhances the durability of the unit and extends its service life; the heating cable 101 is the core heating element of the unit, made of conductive material, and can generate heat through electric current. The design of the cable takes into account thermal efficiency and uniformity, ensuring that the heat can be evenly distributed in the area that needs to be heated, avoiding local overheating or uneven temperature; solar salt is used as a heat storage medium, filled between the galvanized protective layer 104 and the heating cable 101, which has high heat capacity and good thermal conductivity, and can absorb heat when the heating cable 101 is working. When the ambient temperature drops or the cable is powered off, the stored heat is slowly released, thereby realizing heat regulation and storage, and improving the thermal efficiency and stability of the system.

[0063] Among them, the galvanized protective layer 104 made of galvanized steel plate has a size of 200cm x 200cm x3mm, which ensures the strength and rigidity of the structure and can withstand extreme weather and rock pressure in high-altitude arid areas; and the galvanized steel plate is pressed in a wave shape to form a hexagonal ring structure with curved sides (in this example, the constant temperature heating end element is designed as an open regular hexagonal ring, which can be adjusted to a regular triangle, square or regular octagon, etc. as needed), which increases the contact area with the slope and improves the heat conduction efficiency. At the same time, it also enhances the stability and adaptability of the structure and can better adapt to uneven slopes; the heating cable 101 is composed of pure copper wire and is coated with insulating material on the outside to ensure electrical safety and prevent current leakage. At the same time, it ensures the stability and efficiency of heating. The heating cable 101 is fixed on the bent annular galvanized plate and is screwed in place. Two annular structures are spliced, and a screw is set every 20cm for splicing. Sealant and sealing pad are used to ensure the tight connection and sealing of the splicing gap, prevent moisture and cold air from entering, ensure the overall performance of the system, ensure the tightness and sealing of the structure, and also facilitate the installation and maintenance of the module; solar salt is mainly composed of NaNO3, NaCl and KNO3, which are solid at room temperature and are used to store and regulate heat, thereby improving the thermal efficiency and stability of the system. By opening holes at the pre-set injection points on the galvanized steel plate, the solar salt solution is injected into the cavity, ensuring that the injection points are sealed after the entire cavity is filled to prevent solution leakage. Finally, the injection points are sealed, and the firmness and sealing of all connection points and edges are checked. The present invention adopts a process flow to quickly prepare the required grid-shaped constant temperature device, reduce production costs, and improve its engineering feasibility.

[0064] It should be noted that when a hole is made at the injection point by a drilling machine, the hole diameter is 10 mm, and a solar salt syringe is used to gradually inject the solar salt solution to ensure that the solar salt fills the entire cavity, and then the injection point is sealed with sealant to prevent the solution from leaking.

[0065] In addition, the wavy galvanized sheet used in the outer shell of the constant temperature net of the present invention can form a denser heating area in a smaller range, making the heat more concentrated while reducing the occurrence of cold spots and hot spots. This optimized heat transfer method effectively avoids the problem of local temperature being too low or too high, and achieves a more uniform heating effect. At the same time, the wavy outer shell increases the contact area between the constant temperature net and the slope and the ecological substrate, increases the surface area for heat transfer, further improves the heat transfer efficiency, and thus improves the overall heating energy efficiency. In addition, the wavy appearance also has high adaptability, and can be well covered even if there are small stones or protrusions on the slope. It should be noted that the wave height design requirement of the mold is 20 cm, the wavelength is 50 cm, and a sine shape is adopted.

[0066] Specifically, refer to Figure 1, the power supply equipment includes a photovoltaic panel 10 and a battery 12, and the photovoltaic panel 10 is electrically connected to the battery 12. The function of the photovoltaic panel 10 is to convert solar energy into electrical energy, while the battery 12 is responsible for storing this electrical energy to ensure that the system can provide stable power output regardless of whether there is sunlight. When the battery 12 is connected to the heating constant temperature network, first, connect the positive pole of the battery 12 to the positive plug-in connection point of the first unit of the heating cable 101, and then connect the negative pole of the battery 12 to the negative plug-in connection point of the last unit of the heating cable 101. Before powering on, carefully check whether all connection points are firm to ensure that there is no short circuit or poor contact. After confirming that all connections are correct, the system can be powered on to check whether the heating cable 101 is working normally and whether the entire series circuit is stably powered.

[0067] The power supply device includes a wind turbine 11 and a battery 12, and the wind turbine 11 is electrically connected to the battery 12. The wind turbine 11 is used to generate electric energy using wind energy, and the battery 12 is used to store the electric energy generated by the wind turbine 11. These two parts constitute a power supply system that can generate electricity using wind energy, and can generate electric energy when there is sufficient wind power, and store it, so as to still provide the required power when there is insufficient wind power or no wind.

[0068] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 6-Figure 7 The collection components include drainage channels 4, water collection troughs 5, water collection pipes 6, water tanks 9 and pumping parts 8; multiple drainage channels 4 are respectively arranged longitudinally along the high and steep slopes 14, aiming to directly capture rainwater generated after snowmelt, and prevent rainwater from directly scouring the slopes, causing soil erosion and reducing slope stability; the water collection troughs 5 are arranged horizontally at the bottom ends of multiple drainage channels 4, forming a vertical cross layout with the drainage channels 4, which can effectively collect rainwater flowing down from each drainage channel 4, collect it centrally and guide it to the subsequent treatment and utilization process; one end of the water collection pipe 6 is connected to the water tank 9, The other end is connected to the water collection tank 5 through a connecting pipe, forming a continuous channel from rainwater collection to storage; a pumping member 8 is provided in both the water collection pipe 6 and the water tank 9 (the pumping member 8 is set as a water pump), which is responsible for pumping rainwater in the water collection tank 5 to the water tank 9, so as to achieve efficient collection and storage of rainwater; the water tank 9 is connected to the drainage maintenance system on the steep slope 14 through the drain pipe 7, and when necessary, the stored rainwater is re-transported to the slope by opening the valve set in the drain, for slope maintenance and vegetation irrigation, so as to achieve the recycling of rainwater. Through this design, not only can the rainwater after snowmelt be effectively collected and utilized, reducing the waste of water resources, but also the steep slope 14 can be regularly drained and maintained through the drain pipe 7, so as to maintain the stability and safety of the slope. The design of this collection component fully considers practicality, efficiency and environmental protection.

[0069] The construction method of the ecological restoration system for high and steep slopes 14 in high-cold and arid areas provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0070] S1. Determine the reinforcement position and length: Determine the position and length to be reinforced according to the high and steep slope 14 to be reinforced;

[0071] S2, pre-treating the slope surface: cleaning the weeds and debris on the surface of the steep slope 14, and trimming the surface of the steep slope 14 to make it smooth and uniform. If there are cracks or unevenness on the surface of the steep slope 14, it needs to be filled and repaired to ensure the anchoring effect of the iron chain 2;

[0072] S3. Design and planning: Determine the depth, length and width of the drainage channel 4 according to the conditions of the high and steep slope 14 and the amount of water to be drained, plan the location of the borehole on the surface of the high and steep slope 14, and make the drainage channel 4 and the soil, rock and slope surface around the drilling area flat, dry and free of debris for excavation and construction;

[0073] S4, digging the drainage channel 4: using an excavator or a manual digging tool, digging the drainage channel 4 according to the design drawings, so that the width and depth of the drainage channel 4 meet the design requirements; then laying a layer of gravel filter layer on the drainage channel 4 to filter out silt and debris, avoid clogging the drainage channel 4, and ensure that water can flow smoothly;

[0074] S5. Install pipes and joints: Install pipes for drainage at the bottom of the drainage channel 4, and use joints to connect the drainage channel 4 with the drainage pipes to ensure that the water in the drainage channel 4 flows smoothly to the pipes without leakage;

[0075] S6. Concrete pouring: pour concrete on the surface of the high and steep slope 14 in and around the drainage channel 4, and use a scraper to level it to ensure that the structure of the drainage channel 4 is firm and the surface is flat. Further processing and detail finishing are performed on the drainage channel 4 to ensure that the surface of the drainage channel 4 is flat, without gaps, horizontal deviations and protrusions;

[0076] S7, drilling: drilling is performed according to the length and depth of reinforcement required; according to the reinforcement length and the load to be borne, the iron chain 2 and anchor of appropriate size are selected, and holes are drilled in the anchor to fix the anchor on the slope;

[0077] S8, fix the heating constant temperature net: first lay the heating constant temperature net evenly along the slope surface, then put the iron chain 2 between the two layers of the heating constant temperature net, insert the anchor into the lock buckle 105, the iron chain 2 and the drill hole in sequence, and use steel nails to fix the anchor on the slope surface;

[0078] S9, sowing: after laying, evenly fill a layer of peat soil in the planting hole of the heating constant temperature net, and sow the plant seeds into the planting hole; then mix the ecological substrate and clay in proportion, and then put the ecological substrate mixture into the wet spraying machine, and spray it into the planting hole perpendicular to the slope to form an ecological substrate protection layer;

[0079] S10, covering with straw for protection: after completing the above steps, covering the ecological substrate protective layer with straw, and spraying water to keep it moisturized;

[0080] S11. Maintenance: spray water appropriately according to the temperature and humidity to keep the protective layer of the ecological substrate moist; after the plants germinate, uncover the straw covering, and water and fertilize regularly until the plant stems and leaves are covered with the heating constant temperature net, and then let them grow naturally.

[0081] In step S1, the staff should evaluate the cracks and unevenness of the slope, and then use an excavator to fill the cracks and trim the slope to ensure that the slope surface is flat and stable. After rough cutting, the height difference between the highest and lowest points of the slope should be less than 15 cm. Then, manual slope repair should be carried out. During this process, the slope flatness should be controlled within 2 cm to avoid stress concentration after the chain is anchored, thereby reducing the stability of the slope.

[0082] In step S7, attention should be paid to maintaining the verticality of the borehole. Tools such as a level or a vertical meter can be used to monitor and adjust the verticality of the borehole to ensure the firm fixation of the anchor and the stability of the overall reinforcement. The drilling depth should not be less than 1 / 2 of the slope depth, and the drilling diameter is 8 cm.

[0083] For wind power generation equipment, a location with abundant wind power should be selected; for photovoltaic power generation equipment, a flat and open area should be selected to avoid shadows and ensure that the power generation equipment can operate fully. Cable laying operations can be carried out after the equipment is installed.

[0084] In step S9, the peat soil is a mixture of crushed plant ash and water, and the filling thickness of the peat soil is about 1 cm, which just fills the gap between the soil or rock surface and the bottom of the constant temperature net; the plant seeds can be bamboo, thuja and alfalfa, which are adapted to high-cold and arid areas and can grow in poor soil to increase soil stability and water retention. Sowing can be uniformly sown at 30g / m2. Since the seeds are light, try to sow them within 0.3m of the constant temperature net.

[0085] In step S9, the ecological substrate is composed of a mixture of organic fertilizer, composite carbon source, cold-resistant Bacillus subtilis JQ-0101D, sodium polyacrylate, phosphorus tailings base, polyacrylamide, water-based polyurethane composite glue AH-1802A, cotton old clothes fiber, foam particles and matrix soil. By mixing each component in a specific proportion, a synergistic effect is exerted to optimize the slope greening effect; wherein, the cotton old clothes fiber and foam particles provided are mainly used for heat preservation and water retention, which can play the function of drought resistance and cold resistance, and can also effectively fill the substrate space, thereby reducing the overall quality of the substrate and making the substrate better attached to the slope surface. Secondly, small holes are designed inside the foam particles to increase the pores for the substrate to which the adhesive is added, so that it is more conducive to plant growth; wherein, the preparation process of the foam particles with tiny holes mainly includes two core links, the first is the pre-foaming link, the polyethylene or polypropylene granules expand under steam heating or high pressure conditions, and become particles containing small closed bubbles; the second is the molding link, the pre-foamed particles are placed in the mold, and the steam and pressure further expand, and the mold is fitted to form a foam of a specific shape and property. In addition, polyacrylamide and sodium polyacrylate can make the main body of the substrate gather together, and can make the substrate bond with the slope. Water-based polyurethane is mainly used for the mutual bonding between cotton old clothing fibers, foam particles and substrate soil. Mixing water-based polyurethane with polyacrylamide and sodium polyacrylate can significantly enhance the bonding force, and the total amount of adhesive used is reduced, allowing plants to grow better. In addition, water-based polyurethane AH-1802A is insoluble in water and can significantly improve the anti-scouring ability of the substrate. In addition, the proportion of each component of the substrate is 0.3% to 0.5% organic fertilizer, about 1% phosphate tailings base, 8% cotton old clothing fibers, 6% foam particles, and the optimal moisture content is 25%. The total content of sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide and water-based polyurethane as adhesives should be between 1.5% and 2%. Through experiments, it is known that when the content of polyacrylamide is 0.8% to 1%, the content of sodium polyacrylate is 0.3% and the content of water-based polyurethane is 0.5%, the interfacial adhesion between the substrate and the rock slope with a slope angle of 70° is strong and has little effect on plant growth. In the absence of support and cover, the plants can germinate between 10 and 12 days and have good subsequent growth. Adding phosphate tailings base to the substrate soil can improve the soil environment, accelerate plant growth and provide functions such as heat preservation and water retention.

[0086] The new ecological substrate proposed by the present invention: As a widely studied probiotic, the cold-resistant Bacillus subtilis JQ-0101D can germinate at 5°C, grow and reproduce fastest at 15°C, and has unique functions such as biological control of plant diseases and insect pests, and promoting plant growth and development. It is easy to artificially reproduce and is environmentally friendly. It has been widely used in the fields of biological preservation, animal breeding, crop disease and insect control, and biological fertilizer production. In the field of ecological slope protection, Bacillus subtilis can be used as an ecological protection material to promote vegetation growth through its biological activity, enhance the plant's disease resistance and adaptability to harsh environments, thereby contributing to the stability of slope protection and ecological restoration. Bacillus subtilis can inhibit the growth of pathogens through the antibiotics and bioactive substances it produces, reduce dependence on chemical pesticides, protect the environment and promote the formation of healthy soil. In addition, the application of Bacillus subtilis in environmental protection also includes organic waste treatment, water body remediation and land management. In organic waste treatment, Bacillus subtilis can decompose organic matter, reduce waste volume and generate organic fertilizer.

[0087] In addition, the phosphorus tailings contain phosphorus and have certain fertility. The volcanic ash components in the tailings contain a large amount of highly active SiO2 and Al2O3, which can replace cement to a certain extent and increase the adhesion of the substrate. Sodium polyacrylate and polyacrylamide are soluble in water, and the viscosity will be reduced due to subsequent watering and rainfall. The water-based polyurethane AH-1802A is a liquid and will react with a small amount of water during the stirring before the substrate is sprayed. After spraying, it will form a colloid substance that can well bond the fiber to the matrix soil. In addition, this colloid substance is insoluble in water and can effectively prevent the soil from scattering due to the dissolution of sodium polyacrylate and polyacrylamide in water. The colloid substance produced by water-based polyurethane AH-1802A is not used for common adhesives. Common adhesives: polyacrylamide, cement, polyvinyl alcohol, will make soil particles tightly agglomerated together, making it difficult for plants to grow, while water-based polyurethane AH-1802A forms a colloid substance wrapped on the surface of the soil so that the soil will not scatter; these three adhesives are used in combination, and the comprehensive use amount is lower than the amount used alone, which can not only reduce the impact on plant growth, but also complement each other in terms of viscosity. Cotton old clothes fiber, the filling of foam particles makes the main body of the substrate of the present invention lighter than the existing substrate, and can better adhere to the slope. At the same time, polyacrylamide has good water retention capacity and is also commonly used as a water retention agent in ecological restoration. Cotton old clothes fiber has good water absorption performance and can store a large amount of water in the fiber, and the foam particle wrapping and volcanic ash can effectively reduce the evaporation of water in the fiber, making the substrate of the present invention more suitable for arid areas than the existing ecological restoration substrate. In the dry environment of winter, the cotton old clothes fiber and foam particles wrap the plant rhizomes, which can effectively reduce temperature loss.

[0088] In addition, the most suitable growth temperature of Bacillus subtilis JQ-0101D is about 30 degrees Celsius and it enters a dormant state when the temperature is below 10 degrees Celsius. The heating device in this ecological restoration system can keep its soil temperature above 20 degrees Celsius, and even above 10 degrees Celsius at night, ensuring that the bacteria can survive and grow in cold areas. The cotton fibers and foam particles in this substrate can improve the soil structure very well, and the increased air permeability can provide a more suitable growth environment for microorganisms, thereby improving the activity of microorganisms at low temperatures. The foam particles form a protective layer outside the microbial aggregates. By regulating the number of foam particles and the pore size of the small holes, the activity and sedimentation performance of microorganisms under low temperature conditions can be improved. Under low temperature conditions, the use of composite carbon sources can improve the denitrification efficiency of this ecosystem. The use of composite carbon sources (glucose: sodium acetate = 1.7:1.2) is more conducive to improving the denitrification efficiency of the system.

[0089] Bacillus subtilis JQ-0101D can decompose organic matter and promote soil fertility. When the decomposed organic fertilizer contains a large amount of decomposable organic matter, Bacillus subtilis will undergo high-intensity metabolism, which will generate a large amount of heat, causing the decomposed organic fertilizer to heat up and the temperature to briefly reach 60 degrees Celsius. The warming of decomposed organic fertilizer is beneficial to crop growth because it can promote the activity of microorganisms, decompose more organic matter, release more nutrients, and improve soil fertility. However, excessively high temperatures will affect plant growth, but the water collection device and other water-retaining materials of the patent invention can be used to maintain the moisture inside the substrate so that the maximum temperature will not exceed 40 degrees Celsius, and most of the time it will be maintained between 28 and 33 degrees Celsius, which will not affect the growth of plants and microorganisms.

[0090] In the present invention, the cold-resistant Bacillus subtilis JQ-0101D is used for ecological slope protection for the first time. It can react with organic fertilizer to generate heat, which can not only provide a suitable growth environment for plants in cold areas, but also secrete a variety of antibiotics and bioactive substances, effectively inhibit pathogens and soil-borne diseases, and play a preventive role. The existing substrates are generally configured in a relatively simple manner, which makes it difficult to solve the pain points of ecological restoration under harsh climatic conditions. The new substrate proposed by the present invention is more comprehensive than the traditional substrate, and can improve the soil structure in a variety of ways: in terms of physics, lightweight materials such as cotton old clothing fibers and foam particles are used as fillers; in terms of chemistry, the innovative use of tailings and mixed carbon sources is proposed to improve the growth environment of microorganisms, stimulate the activity of life and provide nutrients for plants, and use a new adhesive water-based polyurethane AH-1802A, which can be mixed with existing adhesives to supplement the deficiencies of existing adhesives and has less adverse effects on plant growth than existing adhesives; in terms of biology, the cold-resistant Bacillus subtilis JQ-0101D is selected, which germinates at 5°C and grows and reproduces fastest at 15°C, with the optimal growth temperature of 35°C, and can adapt to various climatic conditions.

[0091] In summary, the above technical scheme realizes the rapid growth of plants and the stability of slopes in slope greening by combining a carefully proportioned ecological substrate with efficient heat preservation and water retention materials and adhesives. The addition of foam particles and cotton fibers not only reduces the weight of the substrate, but also improves the drought and cold resistance. The use of waterborne polyurethane AH-1802A significantly improves the anti-scouring performance of the substrate. The addition of phosphate tailings effectively improves the soil environment and accelerates plant growth. Under unsupported conditions, the plants germinate within 10 to 12 days and grow well afterwards. It is suitable for rock slope greening projects. By combining the composite carbon source with Bacillus subtilis, the fertility level of the soil can be significantly improved; the composite carbon source, as a multifunctional organic substance, can provide rich nutrition for soil microorganisms, thereby promoting their reproduction and activity; Bacillus subtilis, as an efficient biological agent, can decompose organic matter in the soil, improve the permeability and water retention of the soil, and inhibit the growth of harmful pathogens; the use of these two substances can form a synergistic effect, further enhance the fertility of the soil, and provide a more favorable environment for plant growth. The present invention achieves a significant improvement in the slope greening effect through the synergistic effect of composite materials, optimization of adhesive and substrate components, and precise control of moisture content and phosphate tailings base; it not only improves the ecological restoration efficiency and plant growth quality, but also embodies the concepts of resource recycling and environmental friendliness, provides an innovative solution for the field of ecological restoration, and has important practical significance and application value.

[0092] When spraying the ecological base material protective layer, it should be perpendicular to the laid constant temperature net, and the spray gun nozzle should be controlled within 0.3m from the constant temperature net. The ecological base material mixture should be evenly sprayed in the planting holes of the constant temperature net through a sprayer. The thickness of the ecological base material is about 5cm. After spraying, it is just flush with the upper surface of the bottom layer of the constant temperature net. It should be noted that complete flushness is only an ideal state, and it can be roughly flush in actual construction.

[0093] The straw covering in step S11 is a mixture of wheat straw, corn straw and rice straw, which can be removed after the seeds germinate.

[0094] The present invention can scientifically set different material configurations according to different environmental temperatures and drought conditions: for example, in the high-altitude arid areas of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the proportion of aerobic Bacillus subtilis in the substrate can be reduced and the proportion of water-retaining materials can be appropriately increased. The substrate is used in conjunction with an ecological restoration device for ecological restoration and the effect is significant. The hydropower stations in the upper reaches of the southwest rivers belong to high-cold arid areas, and the corresponding proportions provided by the present invention can be used normally. In high-cold areas with an annual average temperature below 5°C, it is difficult for microorganisms and plants to grow and remain dormant for a long time. Even cold-resistant Bacillus subtilis is difficult to activate. The present invention solves this pain point very well, and microbial heating and electric heating complement each other. Electric heating cooperates with insulation materials to provide a suitable temperature environment for microorganisms, and composite carbon sources are used to promote microbial activity. After that, microorganisms and organic fertilizers undergo a decay reaction and cooperate with insulation materials to maintain the soil temperature at night without electric heating, and can effectively prevent the heat generated by electric heating from escaping too quickly; the two heating methods work together to complement each other, so that plants are always at a suitable temperature, which can achieve the effect of 1+1>2 and greatly improve the survival rate of plants. In arid areas where the annual average temperature is between 5 and 10°C, the electric heating system of the present invention may not be used, and the heat preservation capacity of the substrate alone is sufficient to meet the growth environment requirements of the plants. In mild to moderate arid areas, the water-retaining agent polyacrylamide can be reduced or even not used, and the water-retaining capacity of cotton old clothing fibers and special foam particles is sufficient. In severe arid areas, the ratio of the water-retaining agent polyacrylamide can be adjusted to 1.5% to 2%. The highly absorbent polymer can significantly increase the soil moisture content and improve the soil microbial biomass, thereby promoting crop growth. Changing the ratio and composition of the carbon source (glucose: sodium acetate = 1.3: 1.7) as a high-performance carbon-based adsorbent, it has a high specific surface area and can be used to increase the water retention capacity of the soil, while having the characteristics of low cost, excellent performance and green environmental protection. They can provide the necessary water retention layer for the soil, reduce water evaporation, promote the activity of Bacillus subtilis, and thus increase the survival rate of plants under drought conditions. Studies have shown that the inner pore surface fractal dimension of porous granular materials is negatively correlated with the water retention performance, that is, the higher the inner pore surface fractal dimension value, the better the water retention performance. Using 6% cotton old clothing fibers and 10% foam particles, the special foam particles have small holes inside and have a high specific surface area, which can increase the porosity of the substrate with good water retention capacity and form a soil retaining structure, which is conducive to plant growth. Under drought conditions, Bacillus subtilis is significantly enriched, helping plants resist drought stress by secreting plant growth regulators, IAA (indoleacetic acid), producing extracellular polysaccharides, and enhancing the activity of plant antioxidant enzymes. Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) can increase the root length, stem length and dry weight of plants, helping plants to better absorb water and nutrients under drought conditions. IAA (indoleacetic acid) is an important plant growth regulator that can increase the potassium content of plants and accumulate proline, thereby helping plants better cope with drought environments.

[0095] The present invention constructs an efficient and sustainable ecological restoration system by innovatively combining heating and constant temperature networks, rainwater collection components, power equipment and new ecological substrates, successfully overcoming the multiple challenges of ecological restoration and reinforcement of steep slopes in high-altitude arid areas. Under extreme climatic conditions, the system uses electric heating technology to ensure the normal growth of microorganisms and plants. At the same time, the heat released during the decomposition of organic matter and the use of a variety of insulation materials enable it to still achieve the functions of heating and insulation when photovoltaic power generation is insufficient, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the system. This innovative method not only significantly improves the germination rate, survival rate and coverage rate of plants in high-altitude cold environments, and optimizes the ecological restoration effect, but also greatly enhances the water storage and water retention capacity through the combination of water collection devices and cotton old clothing fibers with excellent water retention performance, foam particles and polyacrylamide, and can provide plants with sufficient water even under drought conditions, ensuring the continuity and efficiency of ecological restoration. The present invention not only improves the ecological environment in high-altitude arid areas, promotes the rational use of energy and the effective management of water resources, but also opens up a new path for achieving sustainable development and protecting ecological balance, and shows broad prospects for ecological restoration and optimal resource utilization in extreme environments.

[0096] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should be aware that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made using the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological restoration system for steep slopes in high-cold and arid areas, characterized in that: include: A snow melting assembly, comprising a heating constant temperature net, a plurality of iron chains and a fixing part, wherein the heating constant temperature net is used to melt snow, the heating constant temperature net is laid in at least two layers, the plurality of iron chains are respectively arranged transversely between two adjacent layers of the heating constant temperature net, and the fixing part is used to fix the iron chains on a high and steep slope; Power supply equipment, used to provide power to the heating and constant temperature network; as well as The collection component is used to collect rainwater generated after the snow is melted by the snow-melting component, and the collected rainwater is used for drainage and maintenance on high and steep slopes.

2. The high and steep slope ecological restoration system in alpine and arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heating and constant temperature network includes multiple heating and constant temperature units and locks, and two adjacent heating and constant temperature units are connected by locks; and one end of each heating and constant temperature unit is equipped with a plug, and the other end is provided with a socket, and the plug and the socket are designed with male and female ends, and electrical contacts are provided inside the plug and the socket. The plug of each heating and constant temperature unit is connected to the socket of the next heating and constant temperature unit in turn through a plug-in connection point to form a continuous series circuit.

3. The high and steep slope ecological restoration system in alpine and arid areas according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The heating constant temperature unit includes a galvanized protective layer, a heating cable and a solar salt filler. The heating cable is arranged in the galvanized protective layer to generate constant heat. The solar salt filler is filled between the galvanized protective layer and the heating cable to store and regulate heat.

4. The high and steep slope ecological restoration system in alpine and arid areas according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The surface of the galvanized protective layer is arranged in a wave shape.

5. The high and steep slope ecological restoration system in alpine and arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power supply device comprises a photovoltaic panel and a battery, and the photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the battery.

6. The high and steep slope ecological restoration system in alpine and arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power supply device comprises a wind turbine generator and a battery, and the wind turbine generator is electrically connected to the battery.

7. The high and steep slope ecological restoration system in alpine and arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The collection assembly includes a drainage channel, a water collecting trough, a water collecting pipe, a water tank and a pumping member; a plurality of the drainage channels are respectively arranged longitudinally along the high and steep slopes for collecting rainwater generated after snowmelt; the water collecting trough is transversely arranged at the bottom ends of the plurality of drainage channels for collecting rainwater flowing down from the drainage channels; one end of the water collecting pipe is connected to the water tank, and the other end is connected to the water collecting trough through a connecting pipe; the pumping member is arranged in the water collecting pipe and the water tank for transporting rainwater in the water collecting trough to the water tank; the other end of the water tank is connected to a discharge pipe for drainage maintenance on the high and steep slopes.

8. The construction method of the high and steep slope ecological restoration system in high-cold and arid areas according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Determine the reinforcement position and length: Determine the position and length to be reinforced according to the high and steep slope to be reinforced; S2. Pre-treat the slope surface: clean up the weeds and debris on the steep slope surface, and trim the steep slope surface to make it smooth and uniform. If there are cracks or unevenness on the steep slope surface, fill and repair it to ensure the anchoring effect of the iron chain; S3. Design and planning: Determine the depth, length and width of the drainage channel according to the conditions of the high and steep slope and the amount of water to be drained, plan the location of the borehole on the surface of the high and steep slope, and make the drainage channel and the soil, rock and slope surface around the drilling area flat, dry and free of debris for excavation and construction; S4. Digging drainage channels: Use excavators or manual digging tools to dig drainage channels according to the design drawings, so that the width and depth of the drainage channels meet the design requirements; then lay a layer of gravel filter layer on the drainage channels to filter out silt and debris, avoid clogging the drainage channels, and ensure that water can flow smoothly; S5. Install pipes and joints: Install pipes for drainage at the bottom of the drainage channel, and use joints to connect the drainage channel with the drainage pipes to ensure that the water from the drainage channel flows smoothly to the pipes without leakage; S6. Concrete pouring: pour concrete on the high and steep slope surface in and around the drainage channel and use a scraper to level it to ensure the structural strength and surface flatness of the drainage channel. Further treatment and detail finishing of the drainage channel to ensure that the surface of the drainage channel is flat, without gaps, horizontal deviations and protrusions; S7. Drilling: Drill holes according to the length and depth of reinforcement required; select chains and anchors of appropriate sizes according to the reinforcement length and the load to be borne, and drill holes in the anchors to fix the anchors on the slope; S8. Fix the heating and constant temperature net: first lay the heating and constant temperature net evenly along the slope surface, then put the iron chain between the two layers of the heating and constant temperature net, insert the anchor into the lock buckle, iron chain and drill hole in turn, and use steel nails to fix the anchor on the slope surface; S9, sowing: after laying, evenly fill a layer of peat soil in the planting hole of the heating constant temperature net, and sow the plant seeds into the planting hole; then mix the ecological substrate and clay in proportion, and then put the ecological substrate mixture into the wet spraying machine, and spray it into the planting hole perpendicular to the slope to form an ecological substrate protection layer; S10, covering with straw for protection: after completing the above steps, covering the ecological substrate protective layer with straw, and spraying water to keep it moisturized; S11. Maintenance: spray water appropriately according to the temperature and humidity to keep the protective layer of the ecological substrate moist; after the plants germinate, uncover the straw covering, and water and fertilize regularly until the plant stems and leaves are covered with the heating constant temperature net, and then let them grow naturally.

9. The construction method of the high and steep slope ecological restoration system in high-cold and arid areas according to claim 8 is characterized in that: In step S9, the ecological substrate is composed of a mixture of organic fertilizer, composite carbon source, cold-resistant Bacillus subtilis JQ-0101D, sodium polyacrylate, phosphate tailings base, polyacrylamide, water-based polyurethane composite glue AH-1802A, cotton old clothing fibers, foam particles and matrix soil.

10. The construction method of the high and steep slope ecological restoration system in high-cold and arid areas according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The straw covering in step S11 is a mixture of wheat straw, corn straw and rice straw, which are bundled and covered and are removed after the seeds germinate.

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