Shaft-torsion composite percussion drilling speed increasing tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling downhole tools, in particular to a shaft-torsion composite percussion drilling speed increasing tool which comprises a valve body, a valve element, a valve sleeve, a reset spring, an anti-falling connector, a valve plate, an anti-falling nut, an anti-falling connecting rod, a driving device, a rotor connector, a transmission device, a shell, an axial percussion assembly, a percussion anvil and a drill bit shaft. A first limiting ring table is arranged on the inner side of the upper portion of the valve body. The driving device is reasonable and compact in structure and convenient to use, the eccentric flow distribution holes are formed in the flow distribution disc, the rotating flow distribution blocks can periodically block the flow distribution holes, the flow of fluid entering the driving device is in simple harmonic fluctuation, and torque output by the driving device forms torsional impact; the axial impact assemblies are arranged and can periodically reciprocate up and down along with rotation of the transmission device, so that a drill bit shaft is subjected to downward pulse type impact acting force in the drilling process, the impact frequency can be adjusted by increasing the number of the axial impact assemblies, and the stratum adaptability of the tool is improved; the device has the characteristics of reliability, stability and good rock breaking effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of downhole tools for petroleum drilling, in particular to a shaft-torsion composite impact drilling speed-up tool. Background Art

[0002] As oil exploration develops vertically, interlayers are frequent and the drilling rate of complex formations is high. The rock hardness, abrasiveness and drillability of the formations encountered are high, which leads to difficulties in bit insertion and severe stick-slip vibration. In addition, the complex drilling time is long and the mechanical drilling speed is low, which seriously restricts the speed and cost of oil and gas exploration and development. In order to improve the mechanical drilling speed of deep well hard formation drilling and reduce the number of drilling trips, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a lot of research on impact drilling technology and developed a variety of impact drilling tools. During the drilling process of deep well hard formations, the PDC drill bit will be unable to break the rock due to insufficient torque; at this time, the drill string twists and stores elastic potential energy until the drill bit overcomes the drilling resistance. The energy in the drill string is released instantly, and the drill string and drill bit vibrate violently ("stick-slip" vibration), causing the drill bit to wear.

[0003] In oil and gas exploration and development, the combination of torsion impactors and PDC drill bits is often used to reduce the generation of "stick-slip" vibration, thereby increasing the drilling speed of the drill bit in deep well hard formations. Most of the impactors currently used are TorkBuster. Domestic screw drill type and turbine type torsion impactors can only produce unidirectional torsion impact, which will cause uneven force on one side of the impact mechanism and eccentric wear failure. The torsion impactor can generate torsion impact vibration to assist the drill bit in breaking rock, but when the cutting teeth of the hard formation cannot be engaged or the drill bit cannot be advanced in large inclinations, horizontal sections, etc., there is almost no speed-up effect. Increasing the engagement depth of the drill bit and reducing or eliminating stick-slip vibration are effective means to improve drilling efficiency. After research, it was found that the speed-up effect of existing axial impact tools and torsion impact tools in frequent interlayers or high-abrasive formations is not ideal. In hard formations, the rock is more likely to be brittlely broken under the torsion impact cutting action, which improves the invasive ability of the drill bit, while in softer formations, smaller rock cuttings will be generated, which is easy to cause mud packing of the drill bit. Axial impact can increase the cutting depth of the PDC drill bit, but the increased impedance torque will cause torsional vibration of the drill bit, which can easily cause tooth breakage of the drill bit.

[0004] Although the existing single-dimensional impact drilling tools can provide axial or torsional impact force to the drill bit to a certain extent and achieve a certain speed-up effect, their application effect is not ideal. They have the following technical problems: 1. They can only provide single-dimensional impact; 2. Axial impact tools can cause torsional vibration of the drill bit, which in turn leads to the risk of drill bit tooth breakage; 3. The design of multiple reversing ports makes the overall structure complex and susceptible to erosion damage; 4. The existing impact tools have a complex structure due to the mechanical impact structure design and sealing rings, and these structures are easily damaged, resulting in a short tool life and difficult maintenance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an axial-torsion composite impact drilling speed-up tool, which overcomes the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and can effectively solve the problem that the existing impact device has a single impact mode and a complex structure.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: an axial-torsion composite impact drilling speed-up tool comprises a valve body, a valve core, a valve sleeve, a reset spring, an anti-drop joint, a distribution plate, an anti-drop nut, an anti-drop connecting rod, a driving device, a rotor joint, a transmission device, a shell, an axial impact assembly, an impact anvil and a drill bit shaft, a valve sleeve is installed on the inner side of the lower part of the valve body, a first limiting ring is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the valve body, a valve core with its upper end abutting against the lower side of the first limiting ring is arranged in the valve sleeve, a reset spring is arranged between the valve core and the valve sleeve, at least one inner bypass hole is arranged on the outer side of the middle part of the valve core corresponding to the position above the valve sleeve, and an outer bypass hole is arranged on the outer side of the valve body corresponding to the position of the inner bypass hole; an outer tube is arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the valve body, a second limiting ring is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the outer tube, a distribution plate with its upper end abutting against the lower side of the valve body is seated on the second limiting ring, and a distribution plate with its upper end abutting against the lower side of the valve body is seated on the distribution plate. A distribution hole that runs through the upper and lower parts and is eccentrically arranged is provided in the middle of the disk, and a plurality of flow holes that run through the upper and lower parts are provided on the distribution disk corresponding to the outer position of the distribution hole; an anti-drop nut and an anti-drop connecting rod are provided in the middle of the outer tube, the upper end of the anti-drop connecting rod is connected to the anti-drop nut through a thread, and the lower end of the anti-drop connecting rod is connected to the driving device through a thread, and the anti-drop nut rotates to periodically block the distribution hole on the distribution disk, a rotor joint is provided at the lower part of the driving device, and the lower end of the rotor joint is connected to the transmission device through a thread, and a plurality of liquid inlet holes are distributed circumferentially on the outer side of the upper part of the rotor joint, and an axial impact assembly that can reciprocate up and down periodically with the rotation of the driving device is provided at the lower end of the transmission device, a drill shaft whose lower end is located below the outer tube is fixedly installed at the lower end of the axial impact assembly, and an impact anvil is provided on the outer side corresponding to the position between the drill shaft and the axial impact assembly.

[0007] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above technical solutions: The above-mentioned axial impact assembly may include a center rod, an elliptical track disc, a roller, an impact anvil and a heavy hammer. The center rod rotates with the driving device to drive the elliptical track disc to rotate, and the roller moves along the elliptical track disc to drive the heavy hammer to reciprocate up and down. An impact anvil is provided in the groove position at the upper end of the drill bit shaft, and the heavy hammer reciprocates up and down to impact the spring.

[0008] The above-mentioned outer cylinder may include an anti-drop joint, a driving outer cylinder, a transmission outer cylinder, and an axial impact outer cylinder fixedly installed together from top to bottom in sequence. The driving device includes a bushing, a rotor, and a rotor joint. A bushing is provided on the inner side of the driving outer cylinder, and a rotor is provided in the bushing and is transmission-connected to the lower end of the anti-drop connecting rod. A transmission device and an axial impact assembly are provided in the axial impact outer cylinder. The lower end of the rotor is connected to the upper connector of the transmission device through the rotor joint, and the lower end of the transmission device is transmission-connected to the upper end of the axial impact assembly through the lower transmission connector.

[0009] The orbit of the elliptical orbit disk body is an elliptical rotating body structure.

[0010] The present invention has a reasonable and compact structure and is easy to use. By arranging an eccentric distribution hole on the distribution plate, the rotating anti-drop nut can periodically block the distribution hole, so that the fluid flow entering the inside of the driving device is a simple harmonic fluctuation, and the output torque of the driving device forms a torsional impact; by arranging an axial impact component, it can periodically reciprocate up and down with the rotation of the transmission device, so that the drill bit shaft is subjected to a downward pulse-like impact force during the drilling process, and the impact frequency can be adjusted by increasing the number of axial impact components, thereby improving the formation adaptability of the tool, and has the characteristics of reliability, stability and good rock breaking effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of Section I of Embodiments 1 to 4 of the present invention.

[0012] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of Section II of Embodiments 1 to 4 of the present invention.

[0013] Attached Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of Section III of Embodiments 1 to 4 of the present invention.

[0014] Attached Figure 4 For attachment Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the center distribution plate.

[0015] Attached Figure 5 For attachment Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-axial impact assembly.

[0016] The codes in the attached drawings are: 1 is the valve body, 2 is the valve core, 3 is the valve sleeve, 4 is the anti-drop joint, 5 is the distribution plate, 6 is the distribution hole, 7 is the anti-drop nut, 8 is the anti-drop connecting rod, 9 is the stator housing, 10 is the bushing, 11 is the rotor, 12 is the rotor joint, 13 is the transmission outer cylinder, 14 is the transmission joint on the transmission device, 15 is the ball seat, 16 is the ball, 17 is the half ring, 18 is the pressure ring, 19 is the throat clamp, 20 is a connecting rod, 21 is a liquid inlet hole, 22 is a lower joint of the transmission device, 23 is a pressure washer, 24 is an axial impact outer cylinder, 25 is a center rod, 26 is a weight, 27 is a roller, 28 is an elliptical track disc, 29 is a drill shaft, 30 is an impact anvil, 31 is an upper moving sleeve, 32 is a sealing ring, 33 is a string bearing, 34 is an anti-drop pressure cap, 35 is an adjusting washer, 36 is a lower static sleeve, and 37 is a lower moving sleeve. Implementation

[0017] The present invention is not limited by the following embodiments, and specific implementation methods can be determined based on the technical solution of the present invention and actual conditions.

[0018] In the present invention, for the convenience of description, the relative position relationship of each component is described according to the attached Figure 1 The positional relationships such as front, back, top, bottom, left, and right are described according to the layout directions of the drawings in the specification.

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings: Embodiment 1: As attached Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, the axial-torsion composite impact drilling speed-up tool includes a valve body 1, a valve core 2, a valve sleeve 3, an anti-drop joint 4, a distribution plate 5, a distribution hole 6, an anti-drop nut 7, an anti-drop connecting rod 8, a driving outer cylinder 9, a bushing 10, a rotor 11, a rotor joint 12, a transmission outer cylinder 13, a transmission joint 14 on a transmission device, a ball seat 15, a ball 16, a half ring 17, a pressure ring 18, a throat hoop 19, a connecting rod 20, a liquid inlet hole 21, a transmission joint 22 on a transmission device, a pressure washer 23, an axial impact outer cylinder 24, a center rod 25, a weight 26, and a roller Wheel 27, elliptical track disc 28, drill shaft 29, impact anvil 30, upper movable sleeve 31, sealing ring 32, series bearing 33, anti-drop pressure cap 34, adjusting washer 35, lower static sleeve 36, lower movable sleeve 37, valve sleeve 3 is installed on the inner side of the lower part of valve body 1, a first limiting ring is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of valve body 1, a valve core 2 with its upper end abutting against the lower side of the first limiting ring is arranged in the valve sleeve 3, a return spring is arranged between the valve core 2 and the valve sleeve 3, at least one inner bypass hole 201 is arranged on the outer side of the middle part of the valve core 2 corresponding to the upper position of the valve sleeve 3, and a corresponding position of the inner bypass hole 201 is provided. An outer bypass hole 101 is provided on the outer side of the valve body 1; an outer cylinder is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the valve body 1, and a second limiting ring is provided on the inner side of the upper part of the outer cylinder. A distribution plate 5 with its upper end resting against the lower side of the valve body 1 is seated on the second limiting ring. A distribution hole 6 that is eccentrically arranged and runs through from top to bottom is provided in the middle of the distribution plate 5. A plurality of flow holes 501 that run through from top to bottom are provided on the distribution plate 5 at the outer position corresponding to the distribution hole 6; a driving device is provided in the middle of the outer cylinder, and an anti-drop connecting rod 8 is provided on the upper part of the driving device. An anti-drop nut 7 that can periodically block the distribution hole 6 by rotating is provided on the upper end of the anti-drop connecting rod 8. A rotor joint 13 is provided at the lower part, and an upper transmission joint 14 of a transmission device is fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotor joint 13. A plurality of liquid outlet holes are distributed along the circumference on the outer side of the upper part of the rotor joint 13. An axial impact assembly (center rod 25, weight 26, roller 27, elliptical track disc 28) which can reciprocate up and down periodically with the rotation of the transmission device is provided on the outer side of the middle part of the lower transmission joint 22 of the transmission device. The lower end of the axial impact assembly is connected by a key to realize the transmission and connection of the drill shaft 29, and an impact anvil 30 is provided in the groove corresponding to the position between the drill shaft 29 and the axial impact assembly.During use, by setting the inner bypass hole 201 and the outer bypass hole 101, when drilling, the valve core 2 can be pressed against the lower side of the first limit ring under the action of the return spring, so that the inner bypass hole 201 and the outer bypass hole 101 are connected, so that the drilling fluid flows out of or enters the drill string to balance the pressure difference of the liquid column inside and outside the drill string. After the pump is turned on, the drilling fluid passes through the valve core 2 and presses down the valve core 2 to compress the return spring, thereby blocking the connection between the inner bypass hole 201 and the outer bypass hole 101, and allowing the drilling fluid to flow to the driving device below; by setting an eccentric distribution hole 6 on the distribution plate 5, the rotating anti-drop nut 7 can periodically block the distribution hole 6, so that the fluid flow entering the driving device is a simple harmonic fluctuation, so that the output torque of the driving device forms a torsional shock; An axial impact assembly is provided, wherein the center rod 25 and the elliptical track disc 28 can rotate with the transmission joint 22 under the transmission device, and the roller 27 rolls on the elliptical surface of the elliptical track disc 28 to realize the periodic up and down reciprocating motion of the weight 26, so that the drill shaft 29 is subjected to a downward pulse impact force during the drilling process; by providing a distribution plate 5, an anti-drop nut 7 and an axial impact assembly, torsional impact and axial impact are realized, and complex flow channel design and reversing pipe water inlet groove design are avoided, and power and impact force are directly transmitted to the drill bit, thereby improving the transmission of impact work, thereby improving the rock breaking effect of the drill bit, achieving speed increase and efficiency improvement, and shortening the drilling cycle; by providing an impact anvil 30, the axial impact energy storage of the axial impact assembly and the reset of the drill shaft are facilitated. According to requirements, the driving device can be a screw motor.

[0020] The above-mentioned shaft-torsion composite impact drilling speed-up tool can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs: Embodiment 2: As attached Figure 3As shown, the axial impact assembly includes a center rod 25, a weight 26, a roller 27, an elliptical track disc 28, and an impact anvil 30. The outer middle portion of the center rod 25 is connected to the elliptical track disc 28 through a spline connection transmission. The upper and lower surfaces of the elliptical track disc 28 are both elliptical track surfaces. The roller 27 is connected to the weight 26 through a thread. The roller 27 rolls along the upper and lower elliptical track surfaces of the elliptical track disc 28 to drive the weight 26 to reciprocate up and down. The lower end of the center rod 25 is connected to and drives the drill shaft 29 through a key connection. The impact anvil 30 is installed in the groove at the upper end of the drill shaft 29. During use, the driving device drives the center rod 25 and the drill shaft 29 to rotate through the transmission device, the center rod 25 drives the elliptical track disc 28 to rotate, the roller 27 rolls along the upper and lower elliptical track surfaces of the elliptical track disc 28 to drive the weight 26 to reciprocate up and down, and the weight 26 reciprocates up and down to impact the impact anvil 30, providing high-frequency impact force for the drill shaft 29, and realizing the drive of the drill shaft 29 to reciprocate up and down periodically; by setting the longitudinal spacing of the elliptical track disc 28 on the center rod 25, sufficient stroke can be generated to meet the rock breaking requirements of the downstream drill bit, with good stability, few wearing parts, and good rock breaking effect. According to demand, the number of weights 26 and rollers 27 arranged in the circumferential direction can be set according to the demand for axial impact frequency, thereby realizing the adjustment function of the impact frequency.

[0021] Embodiment 3: As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the outer cylinder includes an anti-drop joint 4, a driving outer cylinder 9, a transmission outer cylinder 13, and an axial impact outer cylinder 24, which are fixedly installed together from top to bottom in sequence. The driving device includes a bushing 10, a rotor 11, and a rotor joint 12. The inner side of the driving outer cylinder is provided with a bushing 10, and the bushing 10 is provided with a rotor 11 that is transmission-connected to the lower end of the anti-drop connecting rod 8. The axial impact outer cylinder 24 is provided with an axial impact assembly. The lower end of the rotor 11 is connected to the upper connector 14 of the transmission device through the rotor joint 12, and the lower end of the transmission device is transmission-connected to the upper end of the axial impact assembly through the lower transmission connector 22. During use, such an arrangement facilitates the stable connection of the driving device with the distribution plate 5, the anti-drop nut 7, the anti-drop connecting rod 8, and the lower transmission connector 22, respectively.

[0022] Embodiment 4: As attached Figure 1 As shown, the anti-drop nut 7 is an eccentric rotating body structure. During use, through such a setting, the anti-drop nut 7 that is easy to rotate periodically blocks the distribution hole 6, so that the fluid flow entering the driving device is a simple harmonic fluctuation, and the output torque of the driving device forms a torsional impact.

[0023] Embodiment 5: As attached Figure 5As shown, the track of the elliptical track disc 28 is an elliptical rotating body structure. In use, such a setting facilitates the roller 27 to roll on the elliptical track surface, so that the circumferential rotation motion of the drive device is converted into the up and down reciprocating impact motion of the weight 26, so that the output torque of the drive device forms an axial impact.

[0024] The above technical features constitute the embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Non-essential technical features can be added or reduced according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.

Claims

1. A shaft-torsion composite impact drilling speed-up tool, characterized in that The throttle body is equipped with a valve core, a valve sleeve, a return spring, an anti-drop joint, a distribution plate, an anti-drop nut, an anti-drop connecting rod, a driving device, a rotor joint, a transmission device, a shell, an axial impact assembly, an impact anvil and a drill shaft. A valve sleeve is installed on the inner side of the lower part of the valve body to limit the position. A first limit ring is provided on the inner side of the upper part of the valve body. A valve core is provided in the valve sleeve with its upper end abutting against the lower side of the first limit ring. A return spring is provided between the valve core and the valve sleeve. At least one inner bypass hole is provided on the outer side of the middle part of the valve core corresponding to the position above the valve sleeve, and an outer bypass hole is provided on the outer side of the valve body corresponding to the position of the inner bypass hole. An outer cylinder is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the valve body, a second limit ring is provided on the inner side of the upper part of the outer cylinder, a distribution plate is seated on the second limit ring with its upper end abutting against the lower side of the valve body, and a distribution plate is provided in the middle part of the distribution plate that is through-and-through and eccentrically arranged. A hole is provided, and a plurality of flow holes which penetrate up and down are provided on the distribution disk corresponding to the outer position of the distribution hole; an anti-drop nut and an anti-drop connecting rod are provided in the middle of the outer cylinder, the upper end of the anti-drop connecting rod is connected with the anti-drop nut through a thread, and the lower end of the anti-drop connecting rod is connected with the driving device through a thread, and the anti-drop nut rotates to periodically block the distribution hole on the distribution disk, a rotor joint is provided at the lower part of the driving device, and the lower end of the rotor joint is connected with the transmission device through a thread, and a plurality of liquid inlet holes are distributed along the circumference on the outer side of the upper part of the rotor joint, and an axial impact component which can reciprocate up and down periodically with the rotation of the driving device is provided at the lower end of the transmission device, a drill shaft whose lower end is located below the outer cylinder is fixedly installed at the lower end of the axial impact component, and an impact anvil is provided on the outer side corresponding to the position between the drill shaft and the axial impact component.

2. The axial-torsion composite impact drilling speed-up tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that The axial impact assembly includes a center rod, an elliptical track disc, a roller, an impact anvil and a heavy hammer. The center rod rotates with the driving device to drive the elliptical track disc to rotate. The roller moves along the elliptical track disc to drive the heavy hammer to reciprocate up and down. An impact anvil is provided in the groove position at the upper end of the drill shaft, and the heavy hammer reciprocates up and down to impact the spring.

3. The axial-torsion composite impact drilling speed-up tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The outer cylinder includes an anti-drop joint, a driving outer cylinder, a transmission outer cylinder, and an axial impact outer cylinder which are fixed together from top to bottom in sequence. The driving device includes a bushing, a rotor, and a rotor joint. A bushing is provided on the inner side of the driving outer cylinder, and a rotor is provided in the bushing which is transmission-connected to the lower end of the anti-drop connecting rod. A transmission device and an axial impact assembly are provided in the axial impact outer cylinder. The lower end of the rotor is connected to the upper connector of the transmission device through the rotor joint, and the lower end of the transmission device is transmission-connected to the upper end of the axial impact assembly through the lower transmission connector.

4. The axial-torsion composite impact drilling speed-up tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The orbit of the elliptical orbit disk is an elliptical rotating body structure.

5. The axial-torsion composite impact drilling speed-up tool according to claim 3 is characterized in that The anti-drop nut is an eccentric rotating body structure.

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