Artificial jaw bone

Abstract

The artificial jawbone comprises a fixing frame, a connecting piece and a mandible support, the connecting piece is arranged on the fixing frame, the upper end of the mandible support is connected with the fixing frame through the connecting piece, the mandible support comprises a mandible branch and a mandible body, and a long hole extending in the front-back direction is formed in the connecting piece; a connecting column is arranged at the upper end of the lower jaw branch part and penetrates through the long hole, the upper end of the lower jaw branch part can rotate around the connecting column, the connecting column can slide in the long hole in the length direction of the long hole and can slide in the long hole in the axial direction of the connecting column, and the near-middle end of the connecting column is connected with the upper end of the lower jaw branch part; a limiting block is arranged at the far middle end of the connecting column. The artificial jaw bone has the advantages that the artificial jaw bone can simulate lifting, descending, advancing, retreating and left-right lateral movement of the lower jaw, the function recovery effect is good, connection is stable, and dislocation is not prone to occurring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mandibular defect repair, and in particular relates to an artificial jaw. Background Art

[0002] The mandible is a movable bone in the human skull. Its main function is chewing. It is also an important component for supporting teeth and lips. The mandible is divided into the mandibular ramus (vertical part) and the mandibular body (horizontal part). The mandibular bodies on both sides are united in the median. There are two bony protrusions above the mandibular ramus. The one in the back is called the condyle and the one in the front is called the coronoid process (muscular process). The concave edge between the two is called the mandibular notch (sigmoid notch). The mandible is connected to the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone through the condyle. The condyle, the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone and the articular tubercle form the temporomandibular joint. The temporomandibular joint is a ball and socket joint that allows the mandible to be lifted, lowered, advanced, retreated, and moved sideways.

[0003] The connection between the condyle of the existing artificial jaw and the mandibular fossa and articular tubercle of the temporal bone is unstable and easily dislocated, and the function recovery effect of the temporomandibular joint is poor.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve it. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an artificial jaw which has stable connection, is not easy to dislocate and has good function recovery effect.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An artificial jawbone comprises a fixing frame and a mandibular support. The structural data of the human jawbone are obtained by scanning, and the models of the fixing frame and the mandibular support are generated by using the structural data, and the fixing frame and the mandibular support are manufactured; the upper end of the mandibular support is connected to the fixing frame through a connecting piece, the fixing frame is used to be connected to the zygomatic arch of the human body, an elongated hole extending in the front-back direction is provided on the fixing frame, a connecting column is provided at the corresponding position where the mandibular support is connected to the connecting piece, the connecting column is penetrated in the elongated hole, the mandibular support can rotate in the elongated hole and / or slide along the length or width direction of the elongated hole and / or swing along the width direction of the elongated hole through the connecting column, and a limiting block for preventing the connecting column from coming out of the elongated middle hole is provided at the free end of the connecting column.

[0007] The beneficial effect of the artificial jaw provided by the present invention is that compared with the prior art, it includes a fixing frame for connecting with the zygomatic arch of the human body, and the upper end of the mandibular support is movably connected to the fixing frame through a connecting piece. Specifically, the connecting piece is provided with an elongated hole extending in the front-back direction, and the upper end of the mandibular branch of the mandibular support is provided with a connecting column, and the connecting column is penetrated in the elongated hole. In the first aspect, the upper end of the mandibular branch can rotate around the connecting column to simulate the lifting and lowering movement of the mandible; in the second aspect, the connecting column can slide in the elongated hole along the length direction of the elongated hole to simulate the forward and backward movement of the mandible; in the third aspect, the connecting column can slide in the elongated hole along the axial direction of the connecting column to simulate the left and right lateral movement of the mandible. A limit block is set at the distal end of the connecting column to make the mandibular support and the fixing frame connected stably and not easy to dislocate. In summary, the artificial jaw provided by the present invention can simulate the lifting, lowering, advancing, retreating and left and right lateral movement of the mandible, has a good functional recovery effect, and is stable in connection and not easy to dislocate.

[0008] In one embodiment, the width of the limit block is adapted to the width of the elongated hole, the length of the limit block is greater than the width of the elongated hole, and after the connecting column is placed in the elongated hole, the axis of the limit block forms an angle with the length direction of the elongated hole.

[0009] In one embodiment, the mandibular support is provided with a reserved hole for connecting with the masticatory muscles.

[0010] In one embodiment, the upper end of the fixing frame is provided with an arc-shaped groove for accommodating the zygomatic arch of the human body, the shape of the arc-shaped groove matches the zygomatic arch, the arc-shaped groove has a first side wall, a bottom groove and a second side wall, the second side wall and the first side wall are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom groove, and the second side wall is provided with a plurality of positioning holes for inserting screws to connect the fixing frame to the zygomatic arch of the human body.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, a hole structure is provided on the surface of the bottom groove to facilitate the growth of human tissue.

[0012] In one embodiment, the mandibular support includes a mandibular branch and a mandibular body. The mandibular body of the connecting column mandibular branch is provided with a plurality of second positioning holes, and screws pass through the second positioning holes to connect the mandibular body to the human gums or artificial gums.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, there is also a connecting piece installed on the fixing frame, the fixing frame is provided with a mounting hole for inserting the connecting piece, the connecting piece is provided with a plug-in portion, the shape of the plug-in portion matches the mounting hole, and the plug-in portion is inserted into the mounting hole; the elongated hole is provided on the connecting piece.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, a positioning column is provided on the side wall of the mounting hole, and a positioning groove corresponding to the position of the positioning column is also provided on the connecting member. When the plug-in portion is inserted into the mounting hole, the positioning column is inserted into the positioning groove.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the connecting piece is further provided with a step portion, and the fixing frame is provided with a groove for accommodating the step portion. The upper end surface of the step portion is provided with an anti-pull-out portion with a triangular cross-section, and the thickness of the anti-pull-out portion gradually increases from the proximal end to the distal end. When the plug-in portion is inserted into the mounting hole from the distal end to the proximal end, the step portion is embedded in the groove, and the anti-pull-out portion is tightly attached to the side wall of the groove.

[0016] In one embodiment, the fixing frame and the mandibular support are made of titanium alloy, and the connecting piece is made of plastic. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an artificial jaw according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an artificial jaw fixing frame and a connecting member according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an artificial jaw according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an artificial jaw fixing frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, the reference numerals in the figure are: 1. fixing frame; 10. mounting hole; 101. arc groove; 102. groove; 11. positioning column; 121. first side wall; 122. second side wall; 123. bottom wall; 2. Connector; 200. Positioning groove; 20. Long hole; 21. Insertion part; 22. Step part; 221. Anti-pull-out part; 3. Mandibular support; 31. Mandibular branch; 310. Reserved hole; 311. Connecting column; 312. Limiting block; 32. Mandibular body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0022] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0023] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the artificial jaw provided by the present invention includes a fixing frame 1, a connecting piece 2 and a mandibular support 3. The structural data of the human jaw is obtained by scanning, and the models of the fixing frame and the mandibular support are generated by using the structural data, and the fixing frame and the mandibular support are manufactured. Specifically, the patient's mandibular part can be scanned by methods such as CT, X-ray, etc. to obtain scanned images such as the zygomatic arch and the residual jaw, and the scanned images are analyzed and processed to obtain a three-dimensional model. Finally, the three-dimensional model is used to manufacture the fixing frame and the mandibular support through additive manufacturing technology. The connecting piece 2 is arranged on the fixing frame 1, and the upper end of the mandibular support 3 is movably connected to the fixing frame 1 through the connecting piece 2. The fixing frame 1 is used to be connected to the zygomatic arch of the human body.

[0025] The mandibular support 3 includes a mandibular branch 31 and a mandibular body 32. The mandibular branch 31 is used to simulate and restore the functional morphology of the mandibular branch of the patient, to support the patient's soft tissue, and to restore the patient's facial morphology. The mandibular body 32 is used to simulate and restore the functional morphology of the mandibular body of the patient, to support the patient's mandibular soft tissue, to restore the patient's facial morphology, and to provide a support for subsequent functional restorations such as bone grafting and tooth implantation in the future.

[0026] The connecting member 2 is provided with an elongated hole 20 extending in the front-back direction, and the upper end of the mandibular branch 31 is provided with a connecting column 311, which is inserted into the elongated hole 20, and the upper end of the mandibular branch 31 can rotate around the connecting column 311. The connecting column 311 can slide in the elongated hole 20 along the length direction of the elongated hole 20, and the connecting column 311 can slide in the elongated hole 20 along the axial direction of the connecting column 311. Assuming that the facial midline is an imaginary vertical line that divides the cranial face of the human body into two equal parts, the mesial refers to the direction closer to the facial midline, and the distal refers to the direction farther from the facial midline. The mesial end of the connecting column 311 is connected to the upper end of the mandibular branch 31, and the distal end of the connecting column 311 is provided with a stopper 312, which is used to prevent the connecting column 311 from slipping out of the elongated hole 20.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the artificial jaw provided by the present invention comprises a fixing frame 1 for connecting to the zygomatic arch of a human body, and the upper end of the mandibular support 3 is movably connected to the fixing frame 1 through a connecting member 2. Specifically, An elongated hole 20 extending in the front-to-back direction is provided on the connecting member 2, and a connecting column 311 is provided at the upper end of the mandibular branch 31 of the mandibular support 3, and the connecting column 311 is passed through the elongated hole 20. On the one hand, the upper end of the mandibular branch 31 can rotate around the connecting column 311 to simulate the lifting and lowering movement of the mandible; on the other hand, the connecting column 311 can slide in the elongated hole 20 along the length direction of the elongated hole 20 to simulate the forward and backward movement of the mandible; on the third hand, the connecting column 311 can slide in the elongated hole 20 along the axial direction of the connecting column 311 to simulate the left and right lateral movement of the mandible; on the fourth hand, since the diameter of the connecting column 311 is smaller than the width of the elongated hole 20, the connecting column 311 can not only move up and down along the width direction of the elongated hole, but also can produce a certain inclination angle with the elongated hole 20 along the width direction, and the inclination angle is generally controlled at 0-20 degrees, so that the mandible can produce more complex movements, such as tilting and swinging, etc. A stopper 312 is provided at the distal end of the connecting column 311, so that the mandibular support 3 and the fixing frame 1 are stably connected and not easily dislocated. In summary, the artificial jaw provided by the present invention can rotate in the elongated hole and / or slide along the length or width direction of the elongated hole and / or swing along the width direction of the elongated hole, simulating and restoring the mandibular lifting, lowering, advancing, retreating, left and right lateral movement and swinging, etc., with good functional restoration effect, stable connection and not easily dislocated.

[0028] In one embodiment, the fixing frame 1 is fixedly connected to the zygomatic arch of the human body by screws.

[0029] In one embodiment, see Figure 3 The mandibular branch 31 of the mandibular support 3 is provided with a reserved hole 310 for screws to pass through, so as to facilitate connecting the mandibular branch 31 of the mandibular support 3 with the masseter muscle of the human body through screws during surgery.

[0030] In one embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The upper end of the fixing frame 1 is provided with an arc groove 101 for accommodating the zygomatic arch of the human body, and the shape of the arc groove 101 matches the zygomatic arch. The arc groove 101 has a first side wall 121, a bottom wall 123, and a second side wall 122. A hole structure (not shown in the figure) is provided on the surface of the bottom wall 123 to facilitate the growth of bones and flesh, so that the fixing frame 1 is more closely connected to the human body. The second side wall 122 is arranged on the distal side of the first side wall 121, and a plurality of first positioning protrusions 1221 are provided on the second side wall 122. The first positioning protrusions 1221 are used to mark the position of screwing when the fixing frame 1 is connected to the zygomatic arch of the human body.

[0031] In one embodiment, the mandibular body 32 of the mandibular support 3 is also provided with a plurality of second positioning protrusions (not shown in the figure), which are used to mark the position of screwing when the mandibular body 32 is connected to the human gums or artificial gums. The mandibular body 32 is provided with a through hole array (not shown in the figure), which can facilitate the growth of bone and flesh therein, so that the mandibular support 3 is more closely connected to the human body.

[0032] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The fixing frame 1 is provided with a mounting hole 10 , and the connecting member 2 is provided with an inserting portion 21 , the shape of the inserting portion 21 matches the mounting hole 10 , and the inserting portion 21 is inserted into the mounting hole 10 .

[0033] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 The edge of the opening of the mounting hole 10 is provided with a positioning column 11, and the connector 2 is also provided with a positioning groove 200 corresponding to the position of the positioning column 11. When the plug-in portion 21 is inserted into the mounting hole 10, the positioning column 11 is inserted into the positioning groove 200. During assembly, the positioning column 11 and the positioning groove 200 play a guiding and limiting role.

[0034] In one embodiment, the fixing frame 1 and the mandibular support 3 are made of titanium alloy or other suitable metal materials, and the connecting piece 2 is made of plastic. Since the friction between metals will produce powder, the connecting piece 2 in the present invention is made of plastic or other elastic materials, and the fixing frame 1 and the mandibular support 3 are connected by the connecting piece 2, which can effectively prevent the phenomenon of powder being produced by friction, and the connecting piece 2 made of plastic has a certain elasticity.

[0035] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 The connector 2 is also provided with a step portion 22, and the fixing frame 1 is provided with a groove 102 for accommodating the step portion 22. The upper end surface of the step portion 22 is provided with an anti-pullout portion 221 with a triangular cross section. The thickness of the anti-pullout portion 221 gradually increases from the proximal end to the distal end. When the plug-in portion 21 is inserted into the mounting hole 10 from the distal end to the proximal end, the step portion 22 is embedded in the groove 102, and the anti-pullout portion 221 is tightly attached to the side wall of the groove 102. The anti-pullout portion 221 can increase the friction between the step portion 22 and the groove 102 to prevent the assembled connector 2 from falling off the fixing frame 1. When the connector 2 is aged or worn and needs to be replaced, the connector 2 can be cut open, the connector 2 can be removed, and a new connector can be replaced.

[0036] According to the different mandibular defect conditions of the patient, in the first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the artificial jaw may include a fixing frame 1, a connecting member 2 and a mandibular support 3 on one side (left or right), and the other side still retains the original mandibular structure of the patient. Figure 3 As shown, the artificial jaw may include a fixing frame 1, a connecting member 2, and a mandibular support 3 on the left side, and a fixing frame 1, a connecting member 2, and a mandibular support 3 on the right side.

[0037] The length of the mandibular support 3 can be flexibly set as needed. With the facial midline of the human body as a reference, the length of the mandibular support 3 can extend from the mandibular ramus of the patient to the mandibular body and the facial midline. The length of the mandibular support 3 can extend from the mandibular ramus of the patient to the mandibular body but not reach the facial midline. The length of the mandibular support 3 can extend from the mandibular ramus of the patient to the mandibular body and the facial midline, beyond the facial midline and extending to the mandibular body on the other side.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An artificial jaw, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixing frame and a mandibular support, wherein structural data of the human jaw is obtained by scanning, models of the fixing frame and the mandibular support are generated by using the structural data, and the fixing frame and the mandibular support are manufactured; the upper end of the mandibular support is connected to the fixing frame through a connecting piece, the fixing frame is used to be connected to the zygomatic arch of the human body, an elongated hole extending in the front-back direction is provided on the fixing frame, a connecting column is provided at the corresponding position where the mandibular support is connected to the connecting piece, the connecting column is penetrated in the elongated hole, the mandibular support can rotate in the elongated hole and / or slide along the length or width direction of the elongated hole and / or swing along the width direction of the elongated hole through the connecting column, and a limiting block for preventing the connecting column from coming out of the elongated middle hole is provided at the free end of the connecting column.

2. The artificial jaw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the limit block is adapted to the width of the elongated hole, the length of the limit block is greater than the width of the elongated hole, and after the connecting column is placed in the elongated hole, the axis of the limit block forms an angle with the length direction of the elongated hole.

3. The artificial jaw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mandibular support is provided with a reserved hole connected with the masticatory muscle.

4. The artificial jaw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the fixing frame is provided with an arc-shaped groove for accommodating the zygomatic arch of the human body. The shape of the arc-shaped groove matches the zygomatic arch. The arc-shaped groove has a first side wall, a bottom groove and a second side wall. The second side wall and the first side wall are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom groove. The second side wall is provided with a plurality of positioning holes for inserting screws to connect the fixing frame to the zygomatic arch of the human body.

5. The artificial jaw according to claim 4, characterized in that: A hole structure is provided on the surface of the bottom groove to facilitate the growth of human tissue.

6. The artificial jaw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mandibular support comprises a mandibular branch and a mandibular body. The mandibular body of the connecting column mandibular branch is provided with a plurality of second positioning holes. Screws pass through the second positioning holes to connect the mandibular body to the human gum or artificial gum.

7. The artificial jaw according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting piece installed on the fixing frame is also provided. The fixing frame is provided with a mounting hole for inserting the connecting piece. The connecting piece is provided with a plug-in portion, the shape of the plug-in portion matches the mounting hole, and the plug-in portion is inserted into the mounting hole. The elongated hole is provided on the connecting piece.

8. The artificial jaw according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side wall of the mounting hole is provided with a positioning column, and the connecting piece is also provided with a positioning groove corresponding to the position of the positioning column. When the plug-in portion is inserted into the mounting hole, the positioning column is inserted into the positioning groove.

9. The artificial jaw according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting piece is also provided with a step portion, and the fixing frame is provided with a groove for accommodating the step portion. The upper end surface of the step portion is provided with an anti-pullout portion with a triangular cross-section. The thickness of the anti-pullout portion gradually increases from the proximal end to the distal end. When the plug-in portion is inserted into the mounting hole from the distal end to the proximal end, the step portion is embedded in the groove, and the anti-pullout portion is tightly attached to the side wall of the groove.

10. The artificial jaw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing frame and the mandibular support are made of titanium alloy, and the connecting piece is made of plastic.

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