Thin-wall aluminum shell machining device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a thin-wall aluminum shell machining device and method.The machining device is characterized in that the fixed end of a floating positioning disc is connected with a lathe rotating spindle, the floating end of the floating positioning disc is provided with a limiting groove matched with a workpiece, a sliding positioning disc comprises a sliding part and a rotating part, and the sliding part is slidably connected to a lathe rail; and the rotating part is of an annular structure coaxial with the rotating main shaft, the rotating part is rotationally connected to the sliding part, an extrusion part is arranged at one end of the rotating part, and the extrusion part is used for being matched with the limiting groove to fix the workpiece and extrude and position the floating end. The axis of the workpiece is coaxial with the axis of the lathe rotating shaft, the workpiece is positioned and supported by matching with the limiting groove formed along with the shape, the thin-wall workpiece is prevented from being stressed and deformed in the machining process, and meanwhile, compared with a machining center, machining of peripheral grooves, inner holes and the like is faster, and secondary positioning is not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of lathe processing thin-walled aluminum shells, and more specifically, relates to a thin-walled aluminum shell processing device and method. Background Art

[0002] A thin-walled aluminum shell workpiece is required in aerospace equipment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the workpiece is bowl-shaped, with an annular groove and a plurality of protruding ears arranged on the periphery. Figure 2 As shown, grooves, center holes and ear holes need to be processed after forming (shaded section line area). However, CNC machine tools cannot use large cutting tools to avoid workpiece deformation, so the processing is slow and the grooves cannot be processed quickly. The efficiency is low and the cost is high. At the same time, it also needs to be clamped twice with the lathe, which further reduces the production efficiency and the precision of the finished product.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to design a processing technology that can clamp once, process quickly and ensure efficiency and precision. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a thin-walled aluminum shell processing device to address the deficiencies in the prior art, so as to solve the problem that the existing CNC machine tools cannot use large cutting tools to avoid deformation of the workpiece, resulting in slow processing and inability to quickly process grooves. The efficiency is low and the cost is high. At the same time, secondary clamping with a lathe is also required, which further reduces the production efficiency and the accuracy of the finished product.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a thin-walled aluminum shell processing device, comprising:

[0006] A floating positioning plate, the fixed end of which is connected to the rotating spindle of the lathe, and the floating end of which is provided with a limiting groove that matches the workpiece;

[0007] A sliding positioning plate comprises a sliding part and a rotating part, wherein the sliding part is slidably connected to the lathe bed rail, the rotating part is an annular structure coaxial with the rotating spindle, the rotating part is rotatably connected to the sliding part, and an extrusion part is provided at one end of the rotating part, and the extrusion part is used to cooperate with the limiting groove to fix the workpiece and extrude and position the floating end.

[0008] Optionally, a multifunctional tail platform is further included, and the multifunctional tail platform includes:

[0009] A platform body, the platform body is slidably connected to the bed rail and is located at an end of the sliding positioning plate away from the floating positioning plate;

[0010] A porous disk is rotatably connected to the platform body, and a plurality of workstations are distributed around the circumference of the porous disk, and the workstations are used for detachably connecting a drill bit or a boring tool.

[0011] Optionally, a positioning key is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating part, and a positioning groove matching with the positioning key is provided on the inner wall of the workpiece.

[0012] Optionally, a plurality of elastic claws distributed circumferentially are provided in the limiting groove, and the elastic claws are used to clamp and position the workpiece.

[0013] Optionally, the floating end includes a movable plate, the limiting groove is arranged at the center of the movable plate, the bottom of the positioning limiting groove is provided with an air jet, and a plurality of telescopic ejector rods are arranged on the periphery of the movable plate.

[0014] Optionally, the fixed end includes a vertical plate and a horizontal plate, the horizontal plate is arranged at the lower end of the vertical plate to form an L-shaped structure with the vertical plate, and the movable plate is floatingly connected to the vertical plate and the horizontal plate.

[0015] Optionally, an escape gap is provided between the rotating portion and the floating portion, and the outer periphery of the workpiece is exposed in the escape gap.

[0016] Optionally, a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are respectively provided on the elastic claw and the extrusion portion.

[0017] Optionally, a positioning column is further included, wherein the positioning column includes a coaxial thick end and a thin end, the thick end cooperates with the rotating part, and the thin end cooperates with the center hole of the workpiece.

[0018] The present invention also provides a thin-walled aluminum shell processing method, using the above-mentioned thin-walled aluminum shell processing device, comprising:

[0019] The workpiece is roughly positioned in the limit groove;

[0020] Move the sliding part to bring the rotating part close to the workpiece for precise positioning;

[0021] Continue to move the sliding part so that the rotating part squeezes the fixed workpiece and the floating part;

[0022] Turning the outer circumference of the workpiece and boring the inner hole of the workpiece.

[0023] The present invention provides a thin-wall aluminum shell processing device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The thin-walled aluminum shell processing device uses a floating positioning plate to roughly position the workpiece, and then uses a sliding positioning plate to finely position the workpiece, so that the axis of the workpiece is coaxial with the axis of the lathe rotating shaft, and cooperates with the limit grooves set according to the shape to position and support the workpiece, thereby preventing the thin-walled workpiece from being deformed by force during processing. At the same time, compared with the processing of peripheral grooves, inner holes, etc. by the machining center, it is faster and does not require secondary positioning, providing a new processing technology for thin-walled aluminum shell processing, improving production efficiency and reducing production costs.

[0025] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally represent like components throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the workpiece is shown;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the machining area of ​​a workpiece is shown;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a thin-walled aluminum shell processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0030] Figure 4 An enlarged view of a floating positioning plate of an outer ring structural ring of a thin-walled aluminum shell processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Fixed end; 2. Floating end; 3. Sliding part; 4. Rotating part; 5. Limiting groove; 6. Positioning key; 7. Multi-function tail platform; 8. Air jet; 9. Telescopic ejector rod; 10. Elastic claw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0034] like Figure 3-4 As shown, a thin-walled aluminum shell processing device comprises:

[0035] A floating positioning plate, wherein the fixed end 1 of the floating positioning plate is connected to the rotating spindle of the lathe, and the floating end 2 of the floating positioning plate is provided with a limiting groove 5 that matches the workpiece;

[0036] The sliding positioning plate includes a sliding part 3 and a rotating part 4. The sliding part 3 is slidably connected to the lathe bed rail. The rotating part 4 is an annular structure coaxial with the rotating spindle. The rotating part 4 is rotatably connected to the sliding part 3. An extrusion part is provided at one end of the rotating part 4. The extrusion part is used to cooperate with the limiting groove 5 to fix the workpiece and extrude and position the floating end 2.

[0037] Specifically, the workpiece is roughly positioned by a floating positioning plate, and then the sliding positioning plate is used to finely position the workpiece, so that the axis of the workpiece is coaxial with the axis of the lathe rotating axis, and the workpiece is positioned and supported in cooperation with the limit groove 5 provided according to the shape, so as to prevent the thin-walled workpiece from being deformed by force during processing. At the same time, compared with processing peripheral grooves, inner holes, etc. by a machining center, it is faster and saves processing costs (ordinary machining centers cannot accurately process the periphery, and require multi-axis machining center operation, which is costly).

[0038] In this embodiment, a multifunctional tail station 7 is also included, and the multifunctional tail station 7 includes:

[0039] The platform body is slidably connected to the bed rail and is located at one end of the sliding positioning plate away from the floating positioning plate;

[0040] The porous disk is rotatably connected to the table body, and a plurality of workstations are distributed on the circumference of the porous disk, and the workstations are used for detachably connecting a drill bit or a boring tool.

[0041] Specifically, drilling and boring are performed by the multifunctional tail stage 7 .

[0042] Furthermore, a plurality of drill bits are arranged on the porous disk, and each drill bit rotates synchronously (each drill bit can be driven independently or synchronously with a planetary gear structure), so that a plurality of holes can be processed on the workpiece at the same time.

[0043] In this embodiment, a positioning key 6 is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating portion 4 , and a positioning groove matched with the positioning key 6 is provided on the inner wall of the workpiece.

[0044] Specifically, the rotating part 4 is connected and positioned with a positioning groove pre-machined on the semi-finished workpiece through a positioning key 6 .

[0045] In this embodiment, a plurality of elastic claws 10 distributed circumferentially are provided in the limiting groove 5 , and the elastic claws 10 are used to clamp and position the workpiece.

[0046] Specifically, the elastic claws 10 are clamped on the outer ridges of the workpiece for positioning, so as to prevent the workpiece from falling off after installation and before the rotating part 4 is squeezed.

[0047] Furthermore, the elastic directions of the multiple elastic claws 10 are concentrated and close to each other, and the axes are radial.

[0048] In this embodiment, the floating end 2 includes a movable plate, a limiting groove 5 is arranged at the center of the movable plate, an air jet 8 is arranged at the bottom of the positioning limiting groove 5, and a plurality of telescopic push rods 9 are arranged on the periphery of the movable plate.

[0049] Specifically, the air is ejected outward through the air jet 8 to blow the debris out of the workpiece, thereby preventing the accumulation of debris from interfering with the processing. The telescopic push rod 9 is driven by air pressure and is connected to an air pressure monitoring module. When in use, the telescopic push rod 9 extends the ear of the workpiece after the workpiece is positioned, and then supports the workpiece during drilling to prevent the workpiece from deforming. At the same time, the force feedback of the telescopic push rod 9 is used to confirm whether the workpiece is accurately positioned. If it is accurate, the air pressure feedback on each telescopic push rod 9 is consistent. If there is a deviation, the pressure feedback on each telescopic push rod 9 is different.

[0050] In this embodiment, the fixed end 1 includes a vertical plate and a horizontal plate. The horizontal plate is arranged at the lower end of the vertical plate to form an L-shaped structure with the vertical plate. The movable plate is floatingly connected to the vertical plate and the horizontal plate.

[0051] Specifically, the floating connection between the vertical plate and the movable plate facilitates fine adjustment of the position of the workpiece after rough positioning, and the horizontal plate facilitates the placement of the workpiece for installation.

[0052] Furthermore, to ensure floating connection, an elastic component may be provided between the movable plate and the vertical plate and the horizontal plate, or a hydraulic or pneumatic sealing cavity may be provided between the movable plate and the vertical plate and the horizontal plate for use in conjunction with a sliding connection.

[0053] In this embodiment, an escape gap is provided between the rotating portion 4 and the floating portion, and the outer periphery of the workpiece is exposed in the escape gap.

[0054] Specifically, the periphery and outer contour of the workpiece are processed by avoiding the gap.

[0055] Furthermore, grooves are provided on the periphery of the workpiece, and lathe processing is rapid and low-cost, whereas a machining center requires at least four axes with special tools and the processing is slow and costly. This device saves the cost of the machining center.

[0056] In this embodiment, a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are respectively disposed on the elastic claw 10 and the pressing portion.

[0057] Specifically, the first pressure sensor monitors the clamping state of the elastic claw 10 to avoid insufficient clamping and missed clamping, and the second pressure sensor monitors the squeezing state to avoid excessive squeezing or insufficient squeezing.

[0058] Furthermore, the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor can realize automated positioning, installation and processing, so as to be suitable for automated use.

[0059] In this embodiment, a positioning column is also included. The positioning column includes a coaxial thick end and a thin end. The thick end cooperates with the rotating part 4, and the thin end cooperates with the center hole of the workpiece.

[0060] Specifically, the semi-finished workpiece is pre-processed with a center hole and a limit groove 5, and the positioning column can be used to detect whether the installation positioning is qualified.

[0061] The present invention also provides a thin-walled aluminum shell processing method, using the above-mentioned thin-walled aluminum shell processing device, comprising:

[0062] The workpiece is roughly positioned in the limiting groove 5;

[0063] Move the sliding part 3 so that the rotating part 4 is close to the workpiece for precise positioning;

[0064] Continue to move the sliding part 3 so that the rotating part 4 squeezes and fixes the workpiece and the floating part;

[0065] Turning the outer circumference of the workpiece and boring the inner hole of the workpiece.

[0066] Specifically, the workpiece shape of the finished plate is roughly machined and formed, and further processing of the outer contour, inner circle and inner top surface is required;

[0067] Install the semi-finished workpiece in the limiting groove 5 for rough positioning;

[0068] Then the driving slide drives the rotating part 4 to approach and squeeze the fixed workpiece, and at the same time the floating part is also squeezed and no longer floats;

[0069] Then start the lathe to process the outer contour and inner hole in turn.

[0070] In this embodiment, a thin-walled aluminum shell processing device is used, taking the processing of a circular thin-walled aluminum shell as an example;

[0071] The semi-finished workpiece is installed in the limiting groove 5 for rough positioning, and the workpiece is clamped by the elastic claw 10;

[0072] Then the sliding drive drives the rotating part 4 to approach and squeeze the fixed workpiece, and the workpiece is accurately positioned by the positioning key 6;

[0073] Continue to squeeze the workpiece so that the floating part is also squeezed and no longer floats, and use various pressure sensors to detect whether the positioning is complete;

[0074] Then the lathe is started to process the outer circle, outer circle groove, inner hole and inner hole end face groove of the workpiece in sequence, and the jet port 8 blows out the debris during the processing;

[0075] Finally, the multifunctional tailstock 7 is driven to approach the workpiece and simultaneously drill holes in a plurality of ears.

[0076] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A thin-walled aluminum shell body processing device, which is characterized in that it includes: A floating positioning plate, the fixed end of which is connected to the rotating spindle of the lathe, and the floating end of which is provided with a limiting groove that matches the workpiece; A sliding positioning plate comprises a sliding part and a rotating part, wherein the sliding part is slidably connected to the lathe bed rail, the rotating part is an annular structure coaxial with the rotating spindle, the rotating part is rotatably connected to the sliding part, and an extrusion part is provided at one end of the rotating part, and the extrusion part is used to cooperate with the limiting groove to fix the workpiece and extrude and position the floating end.

2. The thin-walled aluminum shell processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a multifunctional tail platform, the multifunctional tail platform comprising: A platform body, the platform body is slidably connected to the bed rail and is located at an end of the sliding positioning plate away from the floating positioning plate; A porous disk is rotatably connected to the platform body, and a plurality of workstations are distributed around the circumference of the porous disk, and the workstations are used for detachably connecting a drill bit or a boring tool.

3. The thin-walled aluminum shell processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the rotating part is provided with a positioning key, and the inner wall of the workpiece is provided with a positioning groove matched with the positioning key.

4. The thin-walled aluminum shell processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of elastic claws distributed circumferentially are arranged in the limiting groove, and the elastic claws are used for clamping and positioning the workpiece.

5. The thin-walled aluminum shell processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating end comprises a movable plate, the limiting groove is arranged at the center of the movable plate, the bottom of the positioning limiting groove is provided with an air jet, and the outer periphery of the movable plate is provided with a plurality of telescopic ejector rods.

6. The thin-walled aluminum shell processing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed end comprises a vertical plate and a horizontal plate, the horizontal plate is arranged at the lower end of the vertical plate to form an L-shaped structure with the vertical plate, and the movable plate is floatingly connected with the vertical plate and the horizontal plate.

7. The thin-walled aluminum shell processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An escape gap is provided between the rotating portion and the floating portion, and the outer periphery of the workpiece is exposed in the escape gap.

8. The thin-walled aluminum shell processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic claw and the pressing portion are respectively provided with a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor.

9. The thin-walled aluminum shell processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a positioning column, which includes a coaxial thick end and a thin end, the thick end cooperates with the rotating part, and the thin end cooperates with the center hole of the workpiece.

10. A method for processing a thin-walled aluminum shell, using the thin-walled aluminum shell processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The workpiece is roughly positioned in the limit groove; Move the sliding part to bring the rotating part close to the workpiece for precise positioning; Continue to move the sliding part so that the rotating part squeezes the fixed workpiece and the floating part; Turning the outer circumference of the workpiece and boring the inner hole of the workpiece.

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