High-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by utilizing microbial fermentation technology and preparation method of high-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer

Abstract

The invention provides a high-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by utilizing a microbial fermentation technology and a preparation method of the high-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer. The seaweed fertilizer comprises a granular fertilizer and a coating material, the granular fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 320 to 325 parts of urea, 210 to 230 parts of potassium sulfate, 150 to 170 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100 to 120 parts of diammonium phosphate, 50 to 55 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 12 to 14 parts of borax, 3 to 6 parts of EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid) chelated iron, 8 to 10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese, 2 to 6 parts of EDTA chelated zinc, 1 to 3 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 50 to 60 parts of seaweed extract and 0.2 to 0.4 part of microbial agent. The seaweed fertilizer provided by the invention can improve lodging-resistant and disease-resistant effects of wheat, and can increase the yield of wheat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by microbial fermentation technology and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Wheat is one of the most important food crops in my country. It is crucial to effectively utilize limited land resources and improve the yield and quality of wheat crops. However, the occurrence of wheat diseases every year will lead to a reduction in wheat production. Wheat lodging is a common cultivation problem and one of the important factors limiting the high and stable yield of rice. In the middle and late stages of wheat growth, due to climatic factors or improper cultivation measures, wheat lodging occurs on a large scale, seriously affecting wheat maturity, reducing wheat grain weight, and reducing yield, causing serious economic losses.

[0003] Seaweed fertilizer is a natural organic fertilizer derived from seaweed in the ocean, especially brown algae such as Macrocystis pyrifera and Ascophyllum nodosum. This fertilizer is rich in a variety of nutrients that are beneficial to plant growth, including trace elements, plant hormones, organic matter, etc. Seaweed fertilizer can improve soil structure, promote the healthy growth of crops, and enhance the stress resistance of crops.

[0004] There are already many seaweed fertilizer products on the market, such as Stanley Fertilizer Co., Ltd.'s peanut-specific seaweed fertilizer, but there is currently no seaweed fertilizer specifically for wheat disease resistance and increased yield on the market.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a seaweed fertilizer with high fertilizer efficiency specifically for wheat and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by microbial fermentation technology and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A high-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by microbial fermentation technology, the seaweed fertilizer comprising granular fertilizer and coating material, the granular fertilizer comprising the following components by mass: 320-325 parts of urea, 210-230 parts of potassium sulfate, 150-170 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100-120 parts of diammonium phosphate, 50-55 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 12-14 parts of borax, 3-6 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 8-10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese, 2-6 parts of EDTA chelated zinc, 1-3 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 50-60 parts of seaweed extract and 0.2-0.4 parts of microbial agent;

[0009] The preparation method of the seaweed extract comprises the following steps:

[0010] (1) washing and drying the giant kelp, and crushing it into seaweed particles with a particle size of less than 0.3 mm, adding water 3 to 5 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the seaweed particles, and grinding them with a pulper to obtain a crushed liquid;

[0011] (2) adding the crushed liquid into the pressure tank, increasing the pressure of the pressure tank by 0.7-0.9 MPa, and then reducing the pressure of the pressure tank to 0 Pa within 1 second to obtain the exploded seaweed liquid;

[0012] (3) adding water in an amount of 3 to 5 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the exploded seaweed liquid to obtain a mixed liquid, adding composite bacteria to the mixed liquid to perform anaerobic fermentation at 35 to 38° C. for 10 to 12 hours to obtain a fermentation product;

[0013] (4) Concentrating the fermentation product to 2 / 5-3 / 5 of the volume of the fermentation product to obtain a seaweed extract.

[0014] Furthermore, the composite bacteria include Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus.

[0015] Furthermore, the amount of Bifidobacterium longum in the mixed solution is 10 10 CFU / mL-10 11 CFU / mL; the amount of Bifidobacterium lactis in the mixed solution is 10 8 CFU / mL-10 9 CFU / mL; the amount of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the mixed solution is 10 6 CFU / mL-10 7 CFU / mL.

[0016] Although there are many types of seaweed fertilizers on the market, there is no seaweed fertilizer specifically for wheat disease resistance, increased yield and lodging resistance. Stanley has a seaweed fertilizer specifically for peanuts (application number 201410426728.0), which is not ideal for use in wheat planting, especially unable to solve the lodging resistance problem of wheat. The seaweed fertilizer prepared by first blasting and then fermenting giant algae in the system of the present invention can improve the lodging resistance problem of wheat. The present invention can release the components in the giant algae by blasting the giant algae, and then ferment it by specific composite bacteria, so that more nutrient components that are beneficial to the vitality of wheat root system can be produced, and the lodging resistance of wheat can be improved. At the same time, the composite bacteria can promote the growth of wheat root system in seaweed fertilizer, increase the density and length of the root system, thereby enhancing the stability of the plant and reducing the lodging phenomenon caused by wind or gravity. However, the infection problem of wheat total erosion pathogen is still relatively serious.

[0017] Furthermore, the microbial agent includes Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus, and the concentration of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the microbial agent is 10 8 CFU / g-10 9 CFU / g; the concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the microbial agent is 10 6 CFU / g-10 7 CFU / g; and the concentration of Lactobacillus crispatus in the microbial agent is 10 8 CFU / g-10 9 CFU / g.

[0018] The present invention can improve the infection problem of wheat take-all pathogen by adding a microbial agent prepared by lactobacillus acidophilus, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus crispatus into seaweed fertilizer. Lactobacillus acidophilus, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus crispatus can inhibit the growth and development of pathogens through multiple pathways, thereby alleviating the influence of take-all pathogen on wheat. Lactobacillus acidophilus, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus crispatus can form a dominant bacterial community in the soil, compete with wheat take-all pathogen for limited resources, thereby inhibiting the growth of pathogens. Lactobacillus acidophilus, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus crispatus can produce antibiotics or other antibacterial substances, directly inhibiting the growth of wheat take-all pathogen.

[0019] In addition, the Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the present invention can synergize with Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus to jointly promote the growth of the root system, make the wheat stronger, improve the lodging resistance and disease resistance of the wheat, and increase the yield of the wheat.

[0020] Furthermore, the mass percentage composition of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is: 10-13% phosphorus pentoxide, 15-17% magnesium oxide, 24-27% silicon oxide, and the balance is calcium oxide.

[0021] Furthermore, the mass of the coating material is 1.2%-1.4% of the mass of the granular fertilizer.

[0022] In order to improve the slow-release effect of seaweed fertilizer and thus the yield of wheat, the coating material further includes the following components in parts by mass: 40-45 parts of p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate, 20-25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 8-12 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 8-12 parts of carrageenan, 10-13 parts of propylene glycol phenyl ether, 15-20 parts of dihydroxymethylpropionic acid, and 0.04-0.07 parts of triethanolamine.

[0023] Furthermore, the preparation method of the coating material includes the following steps: preheating A and B to a molten state respectively, wherein A includes p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate, carrageenan, and propylene glycol phenyl ether; and B includes polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dihydroxymethylpropionic acid, and triethanolamine; and mixing the molten A and B to prepare the coating material.

[0024] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the seaweed fertilizer, comprising the following steps: fully stirring and mixing all the components, adding them into a granulator, controlling the granulation temperature at 45°C-50°C, obtaining a preliminary balled material, and then sequentially entering a first drying drum and a first cooling drum to obtain a granular fertilizer with an average moisture content of 4-8%; atomizing the coating material on the surface of the granular fertilizer to obtain a seaweed fertilizer with high fertilizer efficiency prepared by using microbial fermentation technology.

[0025] Furthermore, the outlet material temperature of the first drying drum is controlled at 65°C-70°C; the outlet material temperature of the second drying drum is controlled at 50°C-55°C.

[0026] Furthermore, the atomizing nozzle is a pressure nozzle, the atomizing pressure range is 1.4MPa-1.6MPa, and the atomizing flow rate of the coating material is 1.4kg / min-1.6kg / min.

[0027] The mass percentage of chelated iron in the EDTA chelated iron is 15-17%.

[0028] The mass percentage of chelated manganese in the EDTA chelated manganese is 18-21%.

[0029] The mass percentage of chelated zinc in the EDTA chelated zinc is 12-14%.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] 1. In the system of the present invention, the seaweed fertilizer prepared by first blasting and then fermenting the giant algae can improve the lodging resistance of wheat. The present invention releases the components in the giant algae by blasting the giant algae, and then ferments them through specific composite bacteria to produce more nutritional components that are beneficial to the vitality of the wheat root system and improve the lodging resistance of wheat.

[0032] 2. The present invention can improve the infection problem of wheat take-all pathogen by adding the microbial agent prepared by Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus into seaweed fertilizer.

[0033] 3. In the present invention, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus can synergize with Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus to jointly promote the growth of the root system, make wheat stronger, improve the lodging resistance and disease resistance of wheat, and increase the yield of wheat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The strains used in the present invention are all commercially available products, and the purchase conditions are as follows:

[0036] Bifidobacterium breve, accession number: SHBCCD24424JCM7017, was purchased from Shanghai Microbiological Collection Center.

[0037] Lactobacillus casei, accession number: SHBCCD24737, was purchased from Shanghai Microbiological Collection Center.

[0038] Lactobacillus brevis, accession number: SHBCCD14346, was purchased from Shanghai Microbiological Collection Center.

[0039] Bifidobacterium longum, accession number: SHBCCD24310, was purchased from Shanghai Microbiological Collection Center.

[0040] Bifidobacterium lactis, accession number: SHBCCD24728, was purchased from Shanghai Microbiological Collection Center.

[0041] Lactobacillus rhamnosus, accession number: SHBCCD73158, was purchased from Shanghai Microbiological Collection Center.

[0042] Lactobacillus acidophilus, collection number: CICC22162, was purchased from China Industrial Microbiological Culture Collection Center.

[0043] Bacillus subtilis, accession number: CICC10732, was purchased from China Industrial Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Center.

[0044] Lactobacillus crispatus, collection number: CICC24879, was purchased from China Industrial Microbiological Culture Collection Center.

[0045] Lactobacillus helveticus, accession number: CCTCCAB2010205, was purchased from China Center for Type Culture Collection.

[0046] Lactobacillus bulgaricus, accession number: CCTCCCB20082295, was purchased from China Center for Type Culture Collection.

[0047] Bifidobacterium animalis, accession number: SHBCCD24416AS1.2891, was purchased from Shanghai Microbiological Collection Center.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] The present embodiment provides a high-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by microbial fermentation technology, wherein the seaweed fertilizer comprises a granular fertilizer and a coating material, wherein the granular fertilizer comprises the following components by mass: 322 parts of urea, 218 parts of potassium sulfate, 161 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 110 parts of diammonium phosphate, 52 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 13 parts of borax, 4 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 9 parts of EDTA chelated manganese, 4 parts of EDTA chelated zinc, 2 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 54 parts of seaweed extract and 0.3 parts of microbial agent; the microbial agent comprises Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus, and the concentration of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the microbial agent is 10 8 CFU / g; the concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the microbial agent is 10 7 CFU / g; and the concentration of Lactobacillus crispatus in the microbial agent is 10 8 CFU / g.

[0050] The preparation method of the seaweed extract comprises the following steps:

[0051] (1) washing and drying the giant kelp, and crushing it into seaweed particles with a particle size of less than 0.3 mm, adding water of 4 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the seaweed particles, and grinding them with a pulper to obtain a crushed liquid;

[0052] (2) adding the crushed liquid into the pressure tank, increasing the pressure of the pressure tank by 0.8 MPa, and then reducing the pressure of the pressure tank to 0 Pa within 1 second to obtain the exploded seaweed liquid;

[0053] (3) Continue to add water in an amount of 4 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the exploded seaweed liquid to obtain a mixed solution, add composite bacteria to the mixed solution, perform anaerobic fermentation at 36° C. for 11 hours, and obtain a fermentation product; the composite bacteria include Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The amount of Bifidobacterium longum in the mixed solution is 10 10 CFU / mL; the amount of Bifidobacterium lactis in the mixed solution is 10 9 CFU / mL; the amount of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the mixed solution is 10 6 CFU / mL.

[0054] (4) Concentrating the fermentation product to 2 / 5 of the volume of the fermentation product to obtain a seaweed extract.

[0055] The mass percentage composition of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is: 12% phosphorus pentoxide, 16% magnesium oxide, 25% silicon oxide, and the balance is calcium oxide.

[0056] The mass percentage of chelated iron in the EDTA chelated iron is 16%.

[0057] The mass percentage of chelated manganese in the EDTA chelated manganese is 19%.

[0058] The mass percentage of chelated zinc in the EDTA chelated zinc is 13%.

[0059] The mass of the coating material is 1.3% of the mass of the granular fertilizer. The coating material includes the following components in mass parts: 42 parts of p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate, 22 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 10 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 9 parts of carrageenan, 12 parts of propylene glycol phenyl ether, 17 parts of dihydroxymethyl propionic acid, and 0.05 parts of triethanolamine.

[0060] The preparation method of the coating material comprises the following steps: preheating A and B to a molten state respectively, wherein A comprises p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate, carrageenan and propylene glycol phenyl ether; and B comprises polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dihydroxymethyl propionic acid and triethanolamine; and mixing the molten A and B to prepare the coating material.

[0061] The method for preparing the high-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by microbial fermentation technology comprises the following steps: fully stirring and mixing all the components, adding them into a granulator, and controlling the granulation temperature at 46°C; the preliminarily balled materials sequentially enter a first drying drum and a first cooling drum to obtain a granular fertilizer with an average moisture content of 6wt%; atomizing the coating material on the surface of the granular fertilizer to obtain the high-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by microbial fermentation technology.

[0062] The outlet temperature of the first drying drum is controlled at 67°C; the outlet temperature of the second drying drum is controlled at 52°C.

[0063] The atomizing nozzle is a pressure nozzle, the atomizing pressure range is 1.5 MPa, and the atomizing flow rate of the coating material is 1.5 kg / min.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] The present embodiment provides a high-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by microbial fermentation technology, wherein the seaweed fertilizer comprises a granular fertilizer and a coating material, wherein the granular fertilizer comprises the following components by mass: 320 parts of urea, 230 parts of potassium sulfate, 150 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 120 parts of diammonium phosphate, 50 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 14 parts of borax, 3 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese, 2 parts of EDTA chelated zinc, 3 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 50 parts of seaweed extract and 0.4 parts of microbial agent; the microbial agent comprises Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus, and the concentration of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the microbial agent is 10 8 CFU / g; the concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the microbial agent is 10 6 CFU / g; and the concentration of Lactobacillus crispatus in the microbial agent is 10 8 CFU / g.

[0066] The preparation method of the seaweed extract comprises the following steps:

[0067] (1) washing and drying the giant kelp, and crushing it into seaweed particles with a particle size of less than 0.3 mm, adding water 5 times the mass of the seaweed particles into the seaweed particles, and grinding them with a pulper to obtain a crushed liquid;

[0068] (2) adding the crushed liquid into the pressure tank, increasing the pressure of the pressure tank by 0.7 MPa, and then reducing the pressure of the pressure tank to 0 Pa within 1 second to obtain the exploded seaweed liquid;

[0069] (3) Continue to add water with a mass ratio of 5 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the exploded seaweed liquid to obtain a mixed solution, add composite bacteria to the mixed solution, perform anaerobic fermentation at 35° C. for 12 hours, and obtain a fermentation product; the composite bacteria include Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The amount of Bifidobacterium longum in the mixed solution is 10 11 CFU / mL; the amount of Bifidobacterium lactis in the mixed solution is 10 8 CFU / mL; the amount of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the mixed solution is 10 7 CFU / mL.

[0070] (4) Concentrating the fermentation product to 2 / 5 of the volume of the fermentation product to obtain a seaweed extract.

[0071] The mass percentage composition of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is: 13% phosphorus pentoxide, 15% magnesium oxide, 27% silicon oxide, and the balance is calcium oxide.

[0072] The mass percentage of chelated iron in the EDTA chelated iron is 17%.

[0073] The mass percentage of chelated manganese in the EDTA chelated manganese is 18%.

[0074] The mass percentage of chelated zinc in the EDTA chelated zinc is 14%.

[0075] The mass of the coating material is 1.2% of the mass of the granular fertilizer. The coating material includes the following components in mass parts: 45 parts of p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate, 20 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 12 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 8 parts of carrageenan, 13 parts of propylene glycol phenyl ether, 15 parts of dihydroxymethyl propionic acid, and 0.07 parts of triethanolamine.

[0076] The preparation method of the coating material comprises the following steps: preheating A and B to a molten state respectively, wherein A comprises p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate, carrageenan and propylene glycol phenyl ether; and B comprises polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dihydroxymethyl propionic acid and triethanolamine; and mixing the molten A and B to prepare the coating material.

[0077] The method for preparing the high-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by microbial fermentation technology comprises the following steps: fully stirring and mixing all the components, adding them into a granulator, and controlling the granulation temperature at 45°C; the preliminarily balled materials enter the first drying drum and the first cooling drum in turn to obtain granular fertilizer with an average moisture content of 8%; atomizing the coating material on the surface of the granular fertilizer to obtain the high-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by microbial fermentation technology.

[0078] The outlet temperature of the first drying drum is controlled at 70°C; the outlet temperature of the second drying drum is controlled at 50°C.

[0079] The atomizing nozzle is a pressure nozzle, the atomizing pressure range is 1.6 MPa, and the atomizing flow rate of the coating material is 1.4 kg / min.

[0080] Comparative Example 1

[0081] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no bursting treatment is performed.

[0082] The preparation method of the seaweed extract comprises the following steps:

[0083] (1) washing and drying the giant kelp, and crushing it into seaweed particles with a particle size of less than 0.3 mm, adding water of 4 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the seaweed particles, and grinding them with a pulper to obtain a crushed liquid;

[0084] (2) Continue to add water in an amount of 4 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the crushed liquid to obtain a mixed liquid, add composite bacteria to the mixed liquid, perform anaerobic fermentation at 36° C. for 11 hours, and obtain a fermentation product; the composite bacteria include Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The amount of Bifidobacterium longum in the mixed liquid is 10 10 CFU / mL; the amount of Bifidobacterium lactis in the mixed solution is 109 CFU / mL; the amount of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the mixed solution is 10 6 CFU / mL.

[0085] (3) Concentrating the fermentation product to 2 / 5 of the volume of the fermentation product to obtain a seaweed extract.

[0086] Comparative Example 2

[0087] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the species of the composite bacteria are different.

[0088] The composite bacteria include Bifidobacterium breve, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus breve. The amount of Bifidobacterium breve in the mixed solution is 10 11 CFU / mL; the amount of Lactobacillus casei in the mixed solution is 10 8 CFU / mL; the amount of Lactobacillus brevis in the mixed solution is 10 7 CFU / mL.

[0089] Comparative Example 3

[0090] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the dosage of the composite bacteria is different.

[0091] The composite bacteria include Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The amount of Bifidobacterium longum in the mixed solution is 10 6 CFU / mL; the amount of Bifidobacterium lactis in the mixed solution is 10 10 CFU / mL; the amount of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the mixed solution is 10 9 CFU / mL.

[0092] Comparative Example 4

[0093] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the strain ratio of the microbial inoculant is different.

[0094] The microbial agents include Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus. The concentration of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the microbial agent is 10 7 CFU / g; the concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the microbial agent is 10 8 CFU / g; and the concentration of Lactobacillus crispatus in the microbial agent is 10 10 CFU / g.

[0095] Comparative Example 5

[0096] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the species of the microbial agent are different.

[0097] The microbial agent includes Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bifidobacterium animalis. The concentration of Lactobacillus helveticus in the microbial agent is 108 CFU / g; the concentration of Lactobacillus bulgaricus in the microbial agent is 10 7 CFU / g; and the concentration of animal Bifidobacterium in the microbial agent is 10 8 CFU / g.

[0098] Comparative Example 6

[0099] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the composition ratio of the granular fertilizer is different.

[0100] The granular fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 312 parts of urea, 208 parts of potassium sulfate, 181 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100 parts of diammonium phosphate, 42 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 13 parts of borax, 4 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 9 parts of EDTA chelated manganese, 4 parts of EDTA chelated zinc, 2 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 64 parts of seaweed extract and 0.3 parts of microbial agent.

[0101] Comparative Example 7

[0102] This comparative example uses the seaweed fertilizer prepared in Example 1 of patent application number 201410426728.0.

[0103] Performance Testing

[0104] An experiment was conducted in a certain county, where the wheat variety planted was Jimai 22, the planting area was 10 mu, the planting density was 200,000 plants / mu, and the test fields were randomly divided into 10 test fields. Seven of the test fields were applied with seaweed fertilizers of Example 1-2 and Comparative Example 1-7 15 days before the wheat jointing, with an application amount of 60 kg / mu, and the other field was used as a control without treatment.

[0105] Twenty wheat plants were randomly selected from each experimental field for testing. In the middle of grain filling, the root activity of wheat in each experimental field was determined according to the α-naphthylamine method;

[0106] The compressive strength of the wheat stalks in each test field was randomly measured using a plant lodging resistance measuring instrument, and the roots of randomly selected wheat plants were immersed in water, the tillering stalks were removed, and only the uniform main stem stalk samples were retained. After recording the center of gravity height and single stem fresh weight, the lodging resistance index was calculated, that is, lodging resistance index = stem compressive strength / (center of gravity height × single stem fresh weight).

[0107] The infection test of wheat take-all pathogen was carried out in the mature stage of wheat. The infection rate = number of infected strains / total number of strains*100%. The test was repeated for 3 groups and the average infection rate was calculated.

[0108] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0109] Table 1 Performance test results

[0110] Root activity Lodging resistance index Average infection rate Yield per mu unit μg / g·h <![CDATA[cm -1 ]]> ％ kg / mu Example 1 55.4 1.83 3.7 775.3 Example 2 51.2 1.86 5.0 757.4 Comparative Example 1 45.6 1.99 12.1 703.6 Comparative Example 2 43.2 2.13 14.4 681.9 Comparative Example 3 45.2 2.02 11.5 696.2 Comparative Example 4 44.4 2.26 20.5 676.7 Comparative Example 5 47.3 2.20 18.6 702.8 Comparative Example 6 46.6 2.16 13.7 682.3 Comparative Example 7 39.6 2.45 26.2 606.7 Control group 25.9 2.68 39.4 502.5

[0111] From the above performance test results, it can be seen that the seaweed fertilizers of Examples 1-2 have good lodging resistance and disease resistance effects on wheat and high yield, especially the comprehensive performance of Example 1 is the most outstanding, which is mainly due to the synergistic effect between the components in the seaweed fertilizer.

[0112] However, the comparative examples were significantly inferior to the embodiments in the corresponding performance tests because they did not adopt the necessary technical solutions. In comparative examples 1-3, the preparation method of the seaweed extract was changed, and it can be seen that the lodging resistance decreased, proving that the preparation method of the seaweed extract of the present invention can improve the lodging resistance of wheat. In comparative examples 4-5, the scheme of the microbial agent was not used, and it can be seen from the results that the disease resistance of wheat decreased, indicating that the microbial agent of the present invention can improve the disease resistance of wheat. In comparative example 6, the ratio of the granular fertilizer components was changed, and the comprehensive performance of the seaweed fertilizer decreased, indicating the synergistic effect between the components. In comparative example 7, the seaweed fertilizer prepared using the prior art was not ideal for the disease resistance and lodging resistance of wheat. The above experimental results further prove the importance of the technical solution defined in the present invention for its technical effect.

[0113] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by microbial fermentation technology, characterized in that: The seaweed fertilizer comprises a granular fertilizer and a coating material, and the granular fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 320-325 parts of urea, 210-230 parts of potassium sulfate, 150-170 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100-120 parts of diammonium phosphate, 50-55 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 12-14 parts of borax, 3-6 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 8-10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese, 2-6 parts of EDTA chelated zinc, 1-3 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 50-60 parts of seaweed extract and 0.2-0.4 parts of microbial agent; The preparation method of the seaweed extract comprises the following steps: (1) washing and drying the giant kelp, and crushing it into seaweed particles with a particle size of less than 0.3 mm, adding water 3 to 5 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the seaweed particles, and grinding them with a pulper to obtain a crushed liquid; (2) adding the crushed liquid into the pressure tank, increasing the pressure of the pressure tank by 0.7-0.9 MPa, and then reducing the pressure of the pressure tank to 0 Pa within 1 second to obtain the exploded seaweed liquid; (3) adding water in an amount of 3 to 5 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the exploded seaweed liquid to obtain a mixed liquid, adding composite bacteria to the mixed liquid to perform anaerobic fermentation at 35 to 38° C. for 10 to 12 hours to obtain a fermentation product; (4) Concentrating the fermentation product to 2 / 5-3 / 5 of the volume of the fermentation product to obtain a seaweed extract.

2. The seaweed fertilizer with high fertilizer efficiency prepared by microbial fermentation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite bacteria include Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus.

3. The seaweed fertilizer with high fertilizer efficiency prepared by microbial fermentation technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amount of Bifidobacterium longum in the mixed solution is 10 10 CFU / mL-10 11 CFU / mL; the amount of Bifidobacterium lactis in the mixed solution is 10 8 CFU / mL-10 9 CFU / mL; the amount of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the mixed solution is 10 6 CFU / mL-10 7 CFU / mL.

4. The seaweed fertilizer with high fertilizer efficiency prepared by microbial fermentation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agents include Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus. The concentration of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the microbial agent is 10 8 CFU / g-10 9 CFU / g; the concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the microbial agent is 10 6 CFU / g-10 7 CFU / g; and the concentration of Lactobacillus crispatus in the microbial agent is 10 8 CFU / g-10 9 CFU / g.

5. The seaweed fertilizer with high fertilizer efficiency prepared by microbial fermentation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass percentage composition of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is: 10-13% of phosphorus pentoxide, 15-17% of magnesium oxide, 24-27% of silicon oxide, and the balance is calcium oxide.

6. The seaweed fertilizer with high fertilizer efficiency prepared by microbial fermentation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass of the coating material is 1.2%-1.4% of the mass of the granular fertilizer.

7. The seaweed fertilizer with high fertilizer efficiency prepared by microbial fermentation technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: The coating material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40-45 parts of p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate, 20-25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 8-12 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 8-12 parts of carrageenan, 10-13 parts of propylene glycol phenyl ether, 15-20 parts of dihydroxymethyl propionic acid, and 0.04-0.07 parts of triethanolamine.

8. A method for preparing a high-efficiency seaweed fertilizer using microbial fermentation technology according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: All components are fully stirred and mixed, added to a granulator, the granulation temperature is controlled at 45°C-50°C, a preliminary balled material is obtained, and then enters a first drying drum and a first cooling drum in sequence to obtain a granular fertilizer with an average moisture content of 4-8%; the coating material is atomized on the surface of the granular fertilizer to obtain a high-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by microbial fermentation technology.

9. The method for preparing seaweed fertilizer with high fertilizer efficiency prepared by microbial fermentation technology according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outlet temperature of the first drying drum is controlled at 65℃-70℃; the outlet temperature of the second drying drum is controlled at 50℃-55℃.

10. The method for preparing seaweed fertilizer with high fertilizer efficiency prepared by microbial fermentation technology according to claim 8, characterized in that: The atomizing nozzle is a pressure nozzle, the atomizing pressure range is 1.4MPa-1.6MPa, and the atomizing flow rate of the coating material is 1.4kg / min-1.6kg / min.