Wide-speed-regulation strong-overload staggered double-V-shaped variable-reluctance permanent magnet flat wire motor and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a wide-speed-regulation strong-overload staggered double-V-shaped variable reluctance permanent magnet flat wire motor and a control method thereof, a rotor is composed of two pairs of V-shaped permanent magnet structures, namely a large V-shaped permanent magnet structure and a small V-shaped permanent magnet structure; the large V-shaped permanent magnet structures are symmetrically arranged; the small V-shaped permanent magnet structures are asymmetrically arranged; the ends of the large V-shaped permanent magnet structures are slotted, and the bottoms of the large V-shaped permanent magnet structures are connected to form an arc-shaped magnetic barrier. According to the small V-shaped permanent magnet structure, the end of a right small permanent magnet is slotted, an elliptical magnetic barrier is arranged between a left small permanent magnet and a left large permanent magnet, meanwhile, a stator of the permanent magnet motor is provided with a double-layer flat wire winding structure, and two sets of windings adopt two inverters to achieve time division multiplexing control. Various winding motor working conditions and functions correspond to different inverter driving control modes. Compared with an existing built-in V-shaped permanent magnet motor, the motor has the advantages that the overload performance and weak magnetic performance of the motor are improved, and the requirements of high efficiency and high power density of the motor under variable operation conditions are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of special motors, and relates to a permanent magnet flat wire motor and a control method thereof, in particular to a permanent magnet flat wire motor with a rotor having staggered double-layer "V"-shaped permanent magnets built in. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of modern technology, permanent magnet motors are gradually developing towards high torque density, high efficiency, and good reliability. According to the structure of the permanent magnet motor winding, it can be divided into flat wire and round wire. Flat wire motors have the advantages of high slot fill rate, high efficiency, and strong heat dissipation capacity. Therefore, flat wire winding permanent magnet synchronous motors have become the development trend of permanent magnet motors.

[0003] In traditional built-in V-type permanent magnet motors, since the permanent magnets are embedded in the rotor and surrounded by ferromagnetic materials, it is difficult for the permanent magnet flux to pass through the inter-pole magnetic bridge to form leakage flux. Although the magnetic barriers set at the ends of the permanent magnets improve the utilization rate of the permanent magnets to a certain extent, the narrow magnetic bridges at the ends of the magnetic barriers are prone to saturation during the weak magnetic process, which cannot meet the passage of a large amount of demagnetizing magnetic flux, bringing difficulties to the weak magnetic speed increase. The staggered double V-type permanent magnet design is a design method that staggers the arrangement of permanent magnets and optimizes the magnetic barriers at the same time to design a unique variable reluctance zone. The reluctance of the variable reluctance zone is controlled by the armature magnetic flux to achieve the conditions of the effective magnetic flux of the motor air gap, meet the motor's strong overload, high torque and other performance, and realize the widening of the motor speed regulation range, thereby improving the motor's operating performance under variable operating conditions. However, the staggered double V-type permanent magnet structure often leads to a decrease in permanent magnet flux and low permanent magnet utilization. In addition, the unreasonable magnetic barrier design often leads to an increase in cogging torque and torque pulsation, thereby increasing vibration and operating noise. In addition, how to effectively control the variable reluctance zone is also a difficult problem faced by this type of motor. Therefore, how to reasonably design the staggered double V-shaped permanent magnets and magnetic barriers and propose effective control strategies have important theoretical significance and economic value for improving motor efficiency and dynamic performance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wide speed regulation and strong overload staggered double V-type variable reluctance permanent magnet flat wire motor structure. The structure can improve the reluctance torque and permanent magnet material utilization, reduce torque pulsation, and reduce core loss and eddy current loss; the proposed staggered double V-type variable reluctance permanent magnet flat wire motor control method improves the motor's wide speed regulation, strong overload, high efficiency and low noise operating performance.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a wide speed regulation and strong overload staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor, including two parts, a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator is provided with two sets of flat wire windings; the rotor is composed of a double-layer V-type permanent magnet structure, including an inner large V-type permanent magnet and an outer small V-type permanent magnet structure; the inner large V-type permanent magnet structure is symmetrically arranged; the outer small V-type permanent magnet structure is asymmetrically arranged; the ends of the inner large V-type permanent magnet structure are respectively grooved, and the bottoms are connected to form an arc-shaped magnetic barrier; the outer small V-type permanent magnet structure has a groove at the end of the right small permanent magnet, and an elliptical magnetic barrier is arranged between the left small permanent magnet and the large permanent magnet on this side.

[0006] Furthermore, the stator is formed by stacking silicon steel sheets with slots of unequal width, the slots of unequal width are semi-closed slots, and have a two-layer structure facing the slot opening, with the upper layer narrower and the lower layer wider, and the upper layer slot width is 0.8 times the lower layer slot width; an upper layer rectangular flat wire winding with a cross-sectional area of ​​W1 is arranged in the upper layer slot, and the pitch y1 of the upper layer rectangular flat wire winding is smaller than the rotor pole pitch ti; a lower layer rectangular flat wire winding with a cross-sectional area of ​​1.25*W1 is arranged in the lower layer slot, and the pitch y2 of the lower layer rectangular flat wire winding is equal to the rotor pole pitch ti.

[0007] Furthermore, the inner large V-shaped permanent magnet is composed of a pair of V-shaped permanent magnets: permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet 2; the arc-shaped magnetic barrier 5 connects the bottoms of the two permanent magnets, the end of permanent magnet 1 is a slot 6, and the end of permanent magnet 2 is a slot 7; the permanent magnet 1 is divided into two parts: permanent magnet 1-1 and permanent magnet 1-2; the length of permanent magnet 1-1 is a1, and the width is a3, the length of permanent magnet 1-2 is a2, and the width is a3; the length of permanent magnet 2 is a4, and the width is a3, and a1+a2=a4; the two permanent magnets are arranged symmetrically, and permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet 2 are centered at O2, and the center angle is b1.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer small V-shaped permanent magnet structure is composed of a pair of asymmetric V-shaped permanent magnets: permanent magnet 3 and permanent magnet 4, the end of permanent magnet 4 is a slot 8; the permanent magnet 3 is divided into two parts: permanent magnet 3-1 and permanent magnet 3-2; the length of permanent magnet 3-1 is a5 and the width is a7, the length of permanent magnet 3-2 is a6 and the width is a7; the length of permanent magnet 4 is a8 and the width is a9; the permanent magnet 3 is larger than the permanent magnet 4, a5+a6>a8 and a7>a9.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner large V-shaped permanent magnet and the outer small V-shaped permanent magnet are staggered, the magnetizing directions of the inner large V-shaped permanent magnet and the outer small V-shaped permanent magnet are consistent, and the N pole and the S pole are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction; permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet 3 are centered on O3, with a center angle of b2, and permanent magnet 2 and permanent magnet 4 are centered on O4, with a center angle of b3; an elliptical magnetic barrier 9 is arranged between permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet 3, and the elliptical magnetic barrier is C1 away from permanent magnet 1 and C2 away from permanent magnet 3.

[0010] The stator is wound by upper and lower layers of rectangular flat wire windings, the lower layer of rectangular flat wire windings is a full-pitch winding, and the upper layer of rectangular flat wire windings is a short-pitch winding.

[0011] The present invention provides a control method for a wide speed regulation, strong overload, staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor, characterized in that the lower rectangular flat wire winding of the stator of the wide speed regulation, strong overload, staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor mainly realizes three-phase power output control, and the upper rectangular flat wire winding of the stator of the wide speed regulation, strong overload, staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor mainly realizes the magnetic resistance change control of the variable magnetic resistance area; the upper rectangular flat wire winding adopts a three-phase open winding structure, and the three-phase input and output ends of the lower rectangular winding are respectively connected to the corresponding bridge arms of the three-phase bridge inverter I and the three-phase bridge inverter II, and the upper rectangular flat wire winding adopts a Y-type connection and is connected to the three-phase bridge inverter II.

[0012] The three-phase bridge inverter I and the three-phase bridge inverter II respectively work under different control working conditions.

[0013] The control operating condition 1: when the three-phase bridge inverter I is working, the wide speed regulation and strong overload staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor works under heavy load conditions, the upper flat wire winding and the lower flat wire winding are connected in series, and the two sets of windings interact with the magnetic field of the staggered double V-type permanent magnet at the same time to generate torque.

[0014] The control operating condition 2: the three-phase bridge inverter I and inverter II work simultaneously, the wide speed regulation and strong overload staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor works under medium load conditions, the lower flat wire winding interacts with the magnetic field of the staggered double V-type permanent magnet to generate torque, and the upper flat wire winding generates a magnetic field to control the saturation degree of the variable reluctance zone, thereby realizing the adjustment of the effective excitation magnetic field of the air gap.

[0015] The control operating condition 3: when the three-phase bridge inverter II is working, the wide speed regulation and strong overload staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor works under light load condition, and the upper flat wire winding interacts with the staggered double V-type permanent magnet magnetic field to generate torque, and adjusts the saturation degree of the variable reluctance zone to adjust the effective excitation magnetic field of the air gap.

[0016] The upper flat wire winding and the lower flat wire winding adopt a hierarchical model predictive control algorithm, and the hierarchical predictive control algorithm is divided into a current model predictive control layer and a magnetic modulation model predictive control layer.

[0017] The current model predictive control layer maps the control operating conditions to the variable reluctance region saturation degree influence factor γ v , and the voltage vector is synthesized into an impact factor γ v Multiplying with multiple voltage vectors obtains the current model prediction vector. Voltage vector synthesis is the process of obtaining the d and q axis voltages, and current model prediction is to predict the current at the next moment through the current derivative of the equation. It is known that the d and q axis voltage equations of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are:

[0018]

[0019] In the formula, R s is the resistance of the stator winding, i d 、i q are D and Q axis currents, L d , L q are the D and Q axis inductances, ω e is the electrical angular velocity of the motor, ψ f is the rotor permanent magnet flux.

[0020] The magnetic modulation model predicts the control layer, constructs a dynamic value function including the upper winding current, the lower winding current and the operating condition, and uses the control condition as the weight coefficient of the value function. The weight coefficient is to introduce the change of the salient pole rate, where the dynamic value function is:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, i d 、i q are D and Q axis currents respectively, and λ is the trade-off coefficient.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the staggered double V-shaped permanent magnet flat wire motor structure of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1) The double V-shaped permanent magnet structure makes fuller use of the reluctance torque, optimizes the sine of the air gap flux density waveform, reduces the cogging torque and torque pulsation, effectively reduces the rotor eddy current loss and iron loss, and improves the overload performance and weak magnetic performance of the motor compared to the single-layer V-shaped permanent magnet structure.

[0025] 2) By adopting a staggered permanent magnet structure and adding magnetic barriers, the magnetic barrier area becomes a variable reluctance area; the armature magnetic flux is used to control the unsaturated and saturated states of the reluctance in the variable reluctance area, and the permanent magnet magnetic flux is guided to leak by itself or enter the air gap, thereby achieving the weakening and enhancement of the effective magnetic flux in the air gap, broadening the flexibility of the motor magnetic flux utilization, and improving the operating efficiency of the motor in the weak magnetic field and magnetization area.

[0026] 3) Adopt double-layer flat wire winding to simplify the flat wire winding process, increase slot fill rate, and improve power density, heat dissipation and thermal conductivity performance.

[0027] 4) The double-layer flat wire winding adopts full pitch and short pitch respectively, and performs function allocation setting to optimize the winding space, reduce materials, reduce resistance, weaken harmonics, reduce current loss and improve motor efficiency.

[0028] 5) The dual inverters are used in combination to realize the multifunctional control operating condition of the double-layer winding, which reduces the cost and realizes the multi-variable operating condition control of this type of staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor.

[0029] 6) The double-layer model predictive control is adopted to realize the effective control of double-layer winding current predictive control and magnetic modulation control, thereby improving the response speed and motor efficiency of the motor system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the rotor and permanent magnets of the staggered double V-shaped permanent magnet flat wire motor of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 The magnetic field line distribution of the staggered double V-shaped permanent magnet flat wire motor of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0032] Figure 3 The magnetic field line distribution of the staggered double V-shaped permanent magnet flat wire motor of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0033] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the magnetic flux distribution of the staggered double V-shaped permanent magnet flat wire motor of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a full-pitch winding distribution diagram of the staggered double V-shaped permanent magnet flat wire motor of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a short-pitch winding distribution diagram of the staggered double V-shaped permanent magnet flat wire motor of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a partial control circuit diagram of the staggered double V-shaped permanent magnet flat wire motor of the present invention during operation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is further described below through specific embodiments:

[0038] The invention relates to a staggered double V-shaped permanent magnet flat wire motor structure, which has the following characteristics: the stator is wound by a double-layer flat wire winding, the rotor is staggered by two pairs of V-shaped permanent magnets, the ends of the large V-shaped permanent magnets are respectively slotted, the bottoms are connected by arc-shaped magnetic barriers, and the small V-shaped permanent magnets are asymmetrically arranged.

[0039] The inner large V-shaped permanent magnet structure is composed of permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet 2. Permanent magnet 1 is divided into two parts: permanent magnet 1-1 and permanent magnet 1-2. Permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet 2 are symmetrically arranged and have the same size. Permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet 2 take O2 as the center of the circle, and the center angle is b1.

[0040] The outer small V-shaped permanent magnet structure is composed of permanent magnet 3 and permanent magnet 4, and permanent magnet 3 is divided into two parts: permanent magnet 3-1 and permanent magnet 3-2; permanent magnet 3 and permanent magnet 4 are arranged asymmetrically, and the size of permanent magnet 3 is larger than that of permanent magnet 4;

[0041] The inner layer of large V-shaped permanent magnets and the outer layer of small V-shaped permanent magnets are staggered; permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet 3 are centered at O3, with a center angle of b2, and an elliptical magnetic barrier 9 is set between permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet 3; permanent magnet 2 and permanent magnet 4 are centered at O4, with a center angle of b3;

[0042] The stator of the permanent magnet flat wire motor is wound by two layers of rectangular flat wire windings, the lower layer close to the stator slot is a full-pitch winding, and the upper layer is a short-pitch winding.

[0043] The upper rectangular flat wire winding of the stator of the permanent magnet flat wire motor adopts a three-phase open winding structure, which mainly realizes the magnetic resistance change control of the variable magnetic resistance area; the three-phase input and output ends of the lower rectangular flat wire winding of the stator of the permanent magnet flat wire motor are respectively connected to the corresponding bridge arms of the three-phase bridge inverter I and the three-phase bridge inverter II, which mainly realizes the three-phase power output control. The three-phase bridge inverter I and the three-phase bridge inverter II work under different control working conditions.

[0044] The control operating condition 1: when the three-phase bridge inverter I is working, the wide speed regulation and strong overload staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor works under heavy load conditions, the upper flat wire winding and the lower flat wire winding are connected in series, and the two sets of windings interact with the magnetic field of the staggered double V-type permanent magnet at the same time to generate torque.

[0045] The control operating condition 2: the three-phase bridge inverter I and inverter II work simultaneously, the wide speed regulation and strong overload staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor works under medium load conditions, the lower flat wire winding interacts with the magnetic field of the staggered double V-type permanent magnet to generate torque, and the upper flat wire winding generates a magnetic field to control the saturation degree of the variable reluctance zone, thereby realizing the adjustment of the effective excitation magnetic field of the air gap.

[0046] The control operating condition 3: when the three-phase bridge inverter II is working, the wide speed regulation and strong overload staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor works under light load condition, and the upper flat wire winding interacts with the staggered double V-type permanent magnet magnetic field to generate torque, and adjusts the saturation degree of the variable reluctance zone to adjust the effective excitation magnetic field of the air gap.

[0047] The upper flat wire winding and the lower flat wire winding adopt a hierarchical model predictive control algorithm, and the hierarchical predictive control algorithm is divided into a current model predictive control layer and a magnetic modulation model predictive control layer.

[0048] The current model predictive control layer maps the control operating conditions to the variable reluctance region saturation degree influence factor γ v , and the voltage vector is synthesized into an impact factor γ v Multiplying with multiple voltage vectors obtains the current model prediction vector. Voltage vector synthesis is the process of obtaining the d and q axis voltages, and current model prediction is to predict the current at the next moment through the current derivative of the equation. It is known that the d and q axis voltage equations of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are:

[0049]

[0050] In the formula, R s is the resistance of the stator winding, i d 、i q are D and Q axis currents, L d , L q are the D and Q axis inductances, ω e is the electrical angular velocity of the motor, ψ f is the rotor permanent magnet flux.

[0051] The magnetic modulation model predicts the control layer, constructs a dynamic value function including the upper winding current, the lower winding current and the operating condition, and uses the control condition as the weight coefficient of the value function. The weight coefficient is to introduce the change of the salient pole rate, where the dynamic value function is:

[0052]

[0053] In the formula, i d 、i q are D and Q axis currents respectively, and λ is the trade-off coefficient.

[0054] Situation 1 Combination Figure 2It can be explained that at this time, the distance between the elliptical magnetic barrier and the permanent magnet 1 is C1. Since the magnetizing directions of permanent magnets 1 and 3 are consistent, the magnetic force lines I of permanent magnet 1-1 are basically closed through the air gap and the double stators, and the magnetic force lines II of permanent magnet 1-2 flow out of the rotor through permanent magnet 3-2, and are closed through the air gap and stator 2. Due to the existence of C2, permanent magnet 3-1 is only closed through the rotor yoke, which is the magnetic force line III; the magnetic force lines IV of permanent magnet 2 flow out of the rotor through permanent magnet 4, and are closed through the air gap and stator 2; at this time, the motor is in a state of more leakage magnetic field, which is conducive to light load operation.

[0055] Scenario 2 Combination Figure 3 It can be seen that at this time, the distance C2 from the elliptical magnetic barrier to the permanent magnet 1 is small, so the magnetic field lines I of the permanent magnet 1-1 flow out of the rotor through the permanent magnet 3-1, and are closed by the air gap and the double stators. The magnetic field lines II of the permanent magnet 1-2 flow out of the rotor through the permanent magnet 3-2, and are closed by the air gap and the stator 1; the magnetic field lines III of the permanent magnet 2 flow out of the rotor through the permanent magnet 4, and are closed by the air gap and the stator 1; at this time, the motor leakage magnetic flux is greatly reduced, the torque output capacity is enhanced, and it is conducive to heavy-load operation.

[0056] The following is explained by a specific example: an embodiment of the present invention is an 8-pole 48-slot permanent magnet flat wire motor.

[0057] The rotor part of the permanent magnet flat wire motor consists of two pairs of V-shaped permanent magnets arranged in a staggered manner. In the inner large V-shaped permanent magnet, a1=8mm, a2=5mm, a3=3mm, a4=13mm; in the outer small V-shaped permanent magnet, a5=6mm, a6=3mm, a7=4mm, a8=7mm, a9=3mm. The central angles are b1=95°, b2=30°, b3=45° respectively. The distance between the elliptical magnetic barrier and the permanent magnet is c1=3mm, c2=1mm.

[0058] The stator of the permanent magnet flat wire motor is composed of two layers of rectangular flat wire windings. The upper layer slot is provided with an upper layer rectangular flat wire winding with a cross-sectional area of ​​W1=16mm, and the lower layer slot is provided with a lower layer rectangular flat wire winding with a cross-sectional area of ​​1.25*W1=20mm. At this time, the rotor pole pitch ti=6, the pitch y1 of the upper layer rectangular flat wire winding is 5, which is less than the rotor pole pitch ti; the pitch y2 of the lower layer rectangular flat wire winding is 6, which is equal to the rotor pole pitch ti.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0060] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wide speed regulation strong overload staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor, characterized in that: The invention comprises two parts, a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator is provided with two sets of flat wire windings; the rotor is composed of a double-layer V-shaped permanent magnet structure, including an inner large V-shaped permanent magnet and an outer small V-shaped permanent magnet structure; the inner large V-shaped permanent magnet structure is symmetrically arranged; the outer small V-shaped permanent magnet structure is asymmetrically arranged; the ends of the inner large V-shaped permanent magnet structure are respectively grooved, and the bottoms are connected to form an arc-shaped magnetic barrier; the outer small V-shaped permanent magnet structure has a groove at the end of the right small permanent magnet, and an elliptical magnetic barrier is arranged between the left small permanent magnet and the large permanent magnet on this side.

2. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that The stator is formed by stacking silicon steel sheets with slots of unequal widths, wherein the slots of unequal widths are semi-closed slots and have a two-layer structure with an upper narrow structure and a lower wide structure facing the slot opening, and the width of the upper slot is 0.8 times the width of the lower slot; an upper rectangular flat wire winding with a cross-sectional area of ​​W1 is arranged in the upper slot, and the pitch y1 of the upper rectangular flat wire winding is less than the rotor pole pitch ti; a lower rectangular flat wire winding with a cross-sectional area of ​​1.25*W1 is arranged in the lower slot, and the pitch y2 of the lower rectangular flat wire winding is equal to the rotor pole pitch ti.

3. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner large V-shaped permanent magnet is composed of a pair of V-shaped permanent magnets: permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet 2; the arc-shaped magnetic barrier 5 connects the bottoms of the two permanent magnets, the end of permanent magnet 1 is a slot 6, and the end of permanent magnet 2 is a slot 7; the permanent magnet 1 is divided into two parts: permanent magnet 1-1 and permanent magnet 1-2; the length of permanent magnet 1-1 is a1, and the width is a3, the length of permanent magnet 1-2 is a2, and the width is a3; the length of permanent magnet 2 is a4, and the width is a3, and a1+a2=a4; the two permanent magnets are arranged symmetrically, and permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet 2 take O2 as the center of the circle, and the center angle is b1.

4. The motor according to claim 3, characterized in that The outer layer small V-shaped permanent magnet structure is composed of a pair of asymmetric V-shaped permanent magnets: permanent magnet 3 and permanent magnet 4, the end of permanent magnet 4 is a slot 8; the permanent magnet 3 is divided into two parts: permanent magnet 3-1 and permanent magnet 3-2; the length of permanent magnet 3-1 is a5 and the width is a7, the length of permanent magnet 3-2 is a6 and the width is a7; the length of permanent magnet 4 is a8 and the width is a9; the permanent magnet 3 is larger than the permanent magnet 4, a5+a6>a8 and a7>a9.

5. The motor according to claim 4, characterized in that The inner large V-shaped permanent magnet and the outer small V-shaped permanent magnet are staggered, the magnetizing directions of the inner large V-shaped permanent magnet and the outer small V-shaped permanent magnet are consistent, and the N pole and the S pole are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction; permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet 3 are centered on O3, with a center angle of b2, and permanent magnet 2 and permanent magnet 4 are centered on O4, with a center angle of b3; an elliptical magnetic barrier 9 is arranged between permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet 3, and the elliptical magnetic barrier is C1 away from permanent magnet 1 and C2 away from permanent magnet 3.

6. A control method for a wide speed regulation strong overload staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor, characterized in that: The lower rectangular flat wire winding of the stator of the wide speed regulation and strong overload staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor realizes three-phase power output control, and the upper rectangular flat wire winding of the stator of the wide speed regulation and strong overload staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor realizes the magnetic resistance change control of the variable magnetic resistance area; the upper rectangular flat wire winding adopts a three-phase open winding structure, and the three-phase input and output ends of the lower rectangular winding are respectively connected to the corresponding bridge arms of the three-phase bridge inverter I and the three-phase bridge inverter II, and the upper rectangular flat wire winding adopts a Y-type connection and is connected to the three-phase bridge inverter II.

7. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that The three-phase bridge inverter I and the three-phase bridge inverter II work under different control working conditions respectively; The control working condition 1: when the three-phase bridge inverter I is working, the wide speed regulation strong overload staggered double V-shaped permanent magnet flat wire motor works under heavy load condition, the upper flat wire winding and the lower flat wire winding are connected in series, and the two sets of windings interact with the magnetic field of the staggered double V-shaped permanent magnet to generate torque at the same time; The control working condition 2: the three-phase bridge inverter I and inverter II work simultaneously, the wide speed regulation strong overload staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor works under medium load condition, the lower flat wire winding interacts with the staggered double V-type permanent magnet magnetic field to generate torque, and the upper flat wire winding generates a magnetic field to control the saturation degree of the variable reluctance zone, thereby realizing the regulation of the effective excitation magnetic field of the air gap; The control operating condition 3: when the three-phase bridge inverter II is working, the wide speed regulation and strong overload staggered double V-type permanent magnet flat wire motor works under light load condition, and the upper flat wire winding interacts with the staggered double V-type permanent magnet magnetic field to generate torque, and adjusts the saturation degree of the variable reluctance zone to adjust the effective excitation magnetic field of the air gap.

8. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that The upper flat wire winding and the lower flat wire winding adopt a hierarchical model predictive control algorithm, and the hierarchical predictive control algorithm is divided into a current model predictive control layer and a magnetic modulation model predictive control layer.

9. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that The current model predictive control layer maps the control operating conditions to the variable reluctance region saturation degree influence factor γ v , and the voltage vector synthesis degree influencing factor γ v Multiplying with multiple voltage vectors obtains the current model prediction vector; voltage vector synthesis is the process of obtaining the d and q axis voltages, and the current model prediction is to predict the current at the next moment through the current derivative of the equation. It is known that the d and q axis voltage equations of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are: In the formula, R s is the resistance of the stator winding, i d 、i q are D and Q axis currents, L d , L q They are the D and Q axis inductances, ω e is the electrical angular velocity of the motor, ψ f is the magnetic flux of the rotor permanent magnet.

10. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that The magnetic modulation model predicts the control layer, constructs a dynamic value function including the upper winding current, the lower winding current and the operating condition, and uses the control condition as the weight coefficient of the value function. The weight coefficient is to introduce the change of the salient pole rate, where the dynamic value function is: In the formula, i d 、i q are D and Q axis currents respectively, λ is the trade-off coefficient, and ρ is the motor salient pole ratio.

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