Green planting method for preventing and controlling root diseases of polygonatum sibiricum

Abstract

The invention discloses a green planting method for preventing and controlling root diseases of polygonatum sibiricum. The green planting method comprises the following steps: S1, mixing green manure and wheat straws, and returning the mixture to a field to serve as base fertilizer; s2, roots and stems of the selected healthy polygonatum kingianum planting seedlings are treated with plant ash; s3, ridging and transplanting polygonatum kingianum planting seedlings; s3, the soil moisture surface is covered with humus soil with the thickness of 5 cm to 7 cm; s4, the humus soil is covered with pine needles, and the total moisture height is controlled to be 28 cm to 32 cm after the humus soil is covered with the pine needles. Starting from the cultivation method, the root growth microenvironment is changed, the health of a root growth area is promoted, coordination of light, warm water, gas and heat is increased, the root disease occurrence condition is cut off from the source, the plant resistance is improved, and the aim of preventing the root diseases of rhizoma polygonati is achieved. According to the method, the application of pesticides is reduced, the risk of pesticide residues is reduced, uncertain factors influencing the drug properties are eradicated, the environmental bearing capacity pressure is relieved, and the method is a healthy, sustainable and green production mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Yunnan polygonatum planting, and in particular to a green planting method for preventing and controlling root diseases of polygonatum. Background Art

[0002] With the development of intensive and large-scale planting, the requirements for the planting of Polygonatum sibiricum are getting higher and higher. Because Polygonatum sibiricum has the effects of both medicine and food, consumers have higher and higher demands for ecological planting, green planting and organic planting of Polygonatum sibiricum products. However, large-scale intensive planting will inevitably lead to frequent and outbreaks of pests and diseases, and the impact and damage on yield and quality are becoming more and more serious. As a Chinese medicinal material collected from rhizomes for medicinal purposes, pathogens infecting the roots at any time during the many years of planting will cause devastating damage. In addition, root diseases are often hidden and lagging. When symptoms are observed in the field, the development of root diseases is already in its heyday, and the best time for disease prevention and control has been missed. Polygonatum sibiricum is a small-scale crop, and the registered pest and disease control agents are limited, and there are even fewer for root diseases. In the process of prevention and control, the phenomenon of expanding the scope of application of agents is particularly common, which brings uncertain challenges to the pesticide residues and medicinal properties of Polygonatum sibiricum. Based on this, a green, healthy, sustainable and root disease prevention and control planting method is very important and necessary. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a green planting method for preventing and controlling root diseases of Polygonatum sibiricum, which starts with the cultivation method, changes the microenvironment for rhizome growth, reduces the application of pesticides, reduces the risk of pesticide residues, eliminates uncertain factors affecting the properties of pesticides, and reduces the pressure on environmental carrying capacity.

[0004] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A green planting method for preventing and controlling root diseases of Polygonatum cyrtonema, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Mix green manure and wheat straw and return them to the field as base fertilizer;

[0007] S2. Treat the rhizomes of the selected healthy Yunnan Polygonatum cyrtonema seedlings with plant ash;

[0008] S3, ridge-building and transplanting the Polygonatum cyrtonema seedlings;

[0009] S4. Cover the soil with humus;

[0010] S5. Cover the humus soil with pine needles.

[0011] Further preferably, in step S4, the thickness of the covering humus soil is 5 cm-7 cm.

[0012] Further preferably, in step S5, the total soil moisture height after covering with pine needles is controlled at 28 cm-32 cm.

[0013] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: At present, the research on the prevention and control methods of root diseases of Polygonatum cyrtonema focuses on chemical agent prevention and control, biological agent prevention and control, adding soil conditioners and other aspects to change the soil environment prevention and control. The present invention starts with the cultivation method, changes the microenvironment of rhizome growth, promotes the health of the rhizome growth area, increases the coordination of light, temperature, water, gas and heat, cuts off the conditions for the occurrence of root diseases from the source, improves plant resistance, and achieves the purpose of preventing root diseases of Polygonatum cyrtonema. The method reduces the application of agents, reduces the risk of pesticide residues, eliminates the uncertainty factors affecting the drug properties, and reduces the pressure on environmental carrying capacity. It is a healthy and sustainable green production method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a correlation heat map of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention better understood by the personnel in the field of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0016] Example

[0017] A green planting method for preventing and controlling root diseases of Polygonatum cyrtonema, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1. Mix green manure and wheat straw and return them to the field as base fertilizer;

[0019] S2. Treat the rhizomes of the selected healthy Yunnan Polygonatum cyrtonema seedlings with plant ash;

[0020] S3, ridge-building and transplanting the Polygonatum cyrtonema seedlings;

[0021] S3. Cover the soil surface with 5cm-7cm of humus soil;

[0022] S4. Cover the humus soil with pine needles. After covering with pine needles, the total moisture height is controlled at 28cm-32cm.

[0023] Setting up the experiment

[0024] Basic information of the experimental field plots: The experimental site is located in Zhanyi District, Qujing City, Yunnan Province, at an enterprise base specializing in understory planting of Chinese medicinal materials. The experimental site is a continuous cropping plot of Polygonatum sibiricum. The previous crop of Polygonatum sibiricum had serious root rot, with an incidence rate greater than or equal to 90%, causing devastating damage. After the second transplant of Polygonatum sibiricum, the germination rate was poor (germination rate <50%), the medicinal material success rate was <30%, the continuous cropping obstacles were serious, and the incidence rate of root diseases was high (incidence rate >80%).

[0025] Test materials: The Polygonatum sibiricum seedlings were provided by Chinese medicinal materials planting enterprises. They are two-year-old Yunnan Polygonatum sibiricum seedlings. The rhizomes with basically uniform size, no wounds, no diseases and with buds are used as Yunnan Polygonatum sibiricum seedlings. The planting row spacing is: 30cm×30cm.

[0026] Test humus soil: naturally decomposed forest litter collected from surrounding woodlands.

[0027] Wood ash: provided by Chinese medicinal materials planting enterprises.

[0028] Main cultivation method: Treat the rhizomes of selected healthy Yunnan Polygonatum cyrtonema seedlings with plant ash to avoid wound damage. Yunnan Polygonatum cyrtonema adopts ridge cultivation, with a soil width of 120cm and a soil height of 30cm. Add humus soil and pine needles to cover the total soil height to 30cm. After the soil surface is prepared, transplant Yunnan Polygonatum cyrtonema according to different treatments and cultivation methods, and cover it with 5cm-7cm thick humus soil.

[0029] Under the conditions of 120cm, 90cm and 60cm soil moisture, the base fertilizer variables were no base fertilizer, green manure and wheat straw, and the covering variables were pine needles, green manure, wheat straw and no covering. A variable crossover test was conducted, and the incidence rate and germination rate were statistically shown in Table 1. It can be found that under the condition of 120cm soil moisture, the germination rate of the treatment without base fertilizer and pine covering was the highest at 82%, and the incidence rate of the treatment of returning wheat to the field with green covering was the lowest at 0%. Under the condition of 90cm soil moisture, the germination rate of returning green manure to the field with pine covering and wheat covering was the highest at 70%, and the incidence rate of returning green manure to the field with green covering, returning green manure to the field without covering and returning wheat to pine covering was the lowest at 0. Under the condition of 60cm soil moisture, the germination rate of returning wheat to the field without covering, returning green manure to the field with wheat covering and no fertilizer and no covering was the highest at 70%, and the incidence rate of returning wheat to the field with green covering was the lowest at 0.

[0030] Table 1 Cross-variable disease incidence and germination rate

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] Input all 6 months of data into chiplot to generate a correlation heat map ( Figure 1 ), it can be seen that the incidence rate is weakly positively correlated with electrical conductivity, that is, the higher the electrical conductivity, the higher the incidence rate. The germination rate is significantly positively correlated with soil moisture, significantly negatively correlated with saturated water holding capacity, and weakly positively correlated with soil bulk density.

[0034] According to the above correlation analysis, the germination rate, saturated water holding capacity, bulk density and humidity were put into SPSS for multi-factor multivariate analysis of variance.

[0035] As can be seen from Table 2, in terms of mulching, the germination rate of loose mulching is relatively high, and in terms of returning to the field, the germination rate of green manure returning to the field is high. In terms of mulching, the saturated water holding capacity of green wheat mixed mulching is relatively high, and in terms of returning to the field, the saturated water holding capacity of green wheat mixed returning to the field is high. In terms of bulk density, the bulk density of green manure returning to the field treatment is high, and the bulk density of wheat mulching treatment is high. In terms of mulching, the soil moisture of loose mulching is high, and in terms of returning to the field, the soil moisture of wheat returning to the field is high.

[0036] Table 2 Descriptive statistics of germination rate

[0037]

[0038]

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] As can be seen from Table 3, different base fertilizers have a significant effect on the germination rate and saturated water holding capacity, different covering methods have a significant effect on the germination rate and soil moisture, and base fertilizer*covering has a significant effect on the germination rate.

[0042] Table 3 Test of inter-subject effect Test of inter-subject effect

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] aR Squared=.343(Adjusted R Squared=.329)

[0046] bR Squared=.058(Adjusted R Squared=.037)

[0047] cR Squared=.027(Adjusted R Squared=.006)

[0048] dR Squared=.048(Adjusted R Squared=.027)

[0049] As can be seen from Table 4, in terms of mulching, green mulching and loose mulching have the lowest incidence rate, and in terms of returning to the field, the incidence rate of mixed green wheat and returned to the field is the lowest. In terms of mulching, the saturated water holding capacity of loose mulching is relatively high, and in terms of returning to the field, the saturated water holding capacity of green manure returning to the field is high.

[0050] Table 4 Descriptive statistics of morbidity Descriptive statistics of morbidity

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] It can be seen from Table 5 that different base fertilizers have a significant effect on the incidence rate, different covering methods have a significant effect on the incidence rate and conductivity, and base fertilizer*covering has a significant effect on the germination rate.

[0054] Table 5 Test of inter-subject effect Test of inter-subject effect

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] aR Squared=.422(Adjusted R Squared=.411)

[0058] bR Squared=.031(Adjusted R Squared=.014)

[0059] The above embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the embodiments without any creative contribution as needed. However, such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A green planting method for preventing and controlling root diseases of Polygonatum cyrtonema, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Mix green manure and wheat straw and return them to the field as base fertilizer; S2. Treat the rhizomes of the selected healthy Yunnan Polygonatum cyrtonema seedlings with plant ash; S3, ridge-building and transplanting the Polygonatum cyrtonema seedlings; S4. Cover the soil with humus; S5. Cover the humus soil with pine needles.

2. A green planting method for preventing and controlling root diseases of Polygonatum cyrtonema according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the thickness of the covering humus soil is 5cm-7cm.

3. A green planting method for preventing and controlling root diseases of Polygonatum cyrtonema according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the total soil moisture height is controlled at 28 cm-32 cm after covering with pine needles.

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