Epimedium optimized planting method adjusted by environmental characteristics

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of herba epimedii planting, in particular to an optimized herba epimedii planting method adjusted by utilizing environmental characteristics, which comprises the following steps: summarizing physiological characteristics, required soil conditions, greenhouse environment, fertilizer requirement rules and management characteristics of herba epimedii, and uploading the summarized physiological characteristics, required soil conditions, greenhouse environment, fertilizer requirement rules and management characteristics to a control system; selecting a planting base, and detecting and analyzing a planting environment index of planting soil; preparation before planting, wherein mature herba epimedii seeds are stored in sand; a shade shed is built on the planting base, and water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment and an environment monitoring system are arranged in the shade shed; seedling raising and sowing are conducted, the composition of planting soil is adjusted according to the planting environment index of the planting base, and a proper planting environment is established through water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment and an environment monitoring system; the herba epimedii seeds stored in the sand are sown on the seedbed; transplanting is conducted; and field management. According to the herba epimedii optimized planting method adjusted through the environmental characteristics, healthy growth of herba epimedii is guaranteed, and the quality of herba epimedii is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of epimedium planting, and in particular to an epimedium optimized planting method utilizing environmental characteristics for regulation. Background Art

[0002] Epimedium is commonly used in TCM to strengthen bones and muscles, replenish kidney yang, and eliminate rheumatism. It is used for kidney yang deficiency, impotence and spermatorrhea, osteoporosis, rheumatic pain, numbness and cramps. In addition, modern research has found that icariin can promote the function of male and female reproductive systems, promote the formation and activation of osteoblasts, and inhibit the formation and function of osteoclasts to relieve osteoporosis. It can protect myocardial cells, promote myocardial cell generation, improve endothelial dysfunction, and play a protective role in the cardiovascular system. It has a good improvement effect on a variety of nervous system diseases such as cerebral ischemia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis and depression.

[0003] As an important Chinese medicinal material, the market demand for epimedium is increasing. However, the traditional epimedium planting method is often affected by environmental factors, resulting in inconsistent growth rates and uneven efficacy and quality. Existing planting technologies fail to make full use of environmental characteristics for regulation to achieve rapid growth and quality assurance of epimedium. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an epimedium planting method that can be effectively regulated in combination with environmental characteristics. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the invention is to provide an optimized epimedium planting method utilizing environmental characteristics for regulation, thereby ensuring the healthy growth of epimedium and improving the quality of epimedium.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an optimized planting method of Epimedium by regulating environmental characteristics, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Analyze and determine the variety characteristics and growth environment requirements of Epimedium, and summarize the physiological characteristics, required soil conditions, greenhouse environment, fertilizer requirements, and management characteristics of Epimedium and upload them to the control system;

[0007] S2. Select a planting base, which is a semi-shaded and semi-sunny land with slightly acidic leaf humus soil, sandy loam, or land with good irrigation and drainage conditions. Dig the planting soil at the planting base, and test and analyze the planting environment index of the planting soil.

[0008] S3, preparation before planting, threshing the mature epimedium seeds, removing the pods and drying them, and storing them in sand after sterilization on the second day of drying; building a shade shed on the planting base, setting up water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment and an environmental monitoring system in the shade shed, and both the water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment and the environmental monitoring system are electrically connected to the control system;

[0009] S4, raising seedlings and sowing, adjusting the composition of the planting soil according to the planting environment index of the planting base, and establishing a suitable planting environment through water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment and an environmental monitoring system; selecting a plot of land on the planting base as a seedbed, and then soaking the sand-stored epimedium seeds in a gibberellin solution and sowing them on the seedbed;

[0010] S5. Transplantation: After all the epimedium seedlings have emerged, dig planting pits with a spacing of 15 cm × 20 cm in the area outside the seedbed on the planting base, place the epimedium seedlings in the planting pits, and cover them with soil and press lightly;

[0011] S6. Field management: Use the environmental monitoring system to detect the planting environment in real time, and adjust the planting environment according to the real-time planting environment and the growth of epimedium.

[0012] Preferably, the planting environment index in S2 includes soil pH, soil fertility and trace element content in the soil.

[0013] Preferably, the environmental monitoring system in S3 includes a climate monitoring unit, a soil moisture monitoring unit, a soil acidity and alkalinity monitoring unit and an imaging unit.

[0014] Preferably, the sand storage in S3 is to mix the epimedium seeds into wet sand with a moisture content of 15% at a volume ratio of 1:1, store at 4°C for 10 days after mixing evenly, and then mix into an equal volume of wet sand and store in a cool and ventilated place for 3 to 4 months.

[0015] Preferably, adjusting the planting soil in S4 is to spray special water and fertilizer on the planting base through water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment.

[0016] Preferably, the special water fertilizer includes Bacillus licheniformis, humic acid, potassium fulvic acid and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium water-soluble fertilizer, and the dosage of Bacillus licheniformis is 0.35-0.45 mL / m 2 The dosage of humic acid is 7.5~15mL / m 2 The dosage of potassium humate is 1.2~1.5g / m 2 The dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 7.5-15g / m 2 .

[0017] Preferably, the concentration of the gibberellin solution in S4 is 250-300 mg / L.

[0018] Preferably, in S4, the width of the seedbed is 120 cm, the height of the seedbed is 25-35 cm, and the sowing is to open a number of transverse grooves on the seedbed, the row spacing of the transverse grooves is 10-15 cm, the depth of the transverse grooves is 3-4 cm, and the epimedium seeds are sown in the transverse grooves and then covered with soil, and 2-3 cm thick leaves are added on the soil, and the sowing rate is 10 g / m 2 The thickness of the covering soil is 0.5 to 1 cm.

[0019] Preferably, the planting environment in S6 is regulated to control the soil pH value at 6.8-7.1, the soil moisture at 26%-28%, and the air relative humidity at 74%-75%.

[0020] Preferably, the field management in S6 also includes fertilization, which is to apply special water and fertilizer once one month after the transplanting is successful, apply special water and fertilizer again after half a year, and apply special water and fertilizer again during the flowering period and fruiting period of the following year.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] The present invention adopts the above-mentioned epimedium optimization planting method using environmental characteristics to adjust the planting environment of epimedium according to the growth requirements of epimedium and the characteristics of the surrounding environment, thereby providing a favorable growth environment for epimedium, ensuring the healthy growth of epimedium, and improving the uniformity and quality of epimedium growth.

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the control system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be the common meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The above-mentioned features or features mentioned in the specific examples mentioned in the present invention can be combined arbitrarily, and these specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] See also Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the present invention provides an optimized planting method of Epimedium by regulating environmental characteristics, comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1. Analyze and determine the variety characteristics and growth environment requirements of Epimedium, and summarize the physiological characteristics, required soil conditions, greenhouse environment, fertilizer requirements, and management characteristics of Epimedium and upload them to the control system; use the control system to collect statistics on the required growth environment of Epimedium, and use existing technologies to form a growth environment database, planting environment coefficient thresholds, and control commands.

[0029] S2. Select a planting base. Select a land with partial shade and partial sun, slightly acidic leaf humus soil, sandy loam, or land with good irrigation and drainage conditions as the planting base. Dig the planting soil at the planting base, and use the detection instruments in the existing technology to detect and analyze the planting environment index of the planting soil. The planting environment index includes soil pH, soil fertility and the content of trace elements in the soil.

[0030] The planting environment index is uploaded to the control system, and the planting environment index is evaluated and compared. The evaluation is to input the planting environment index into the growth environment database to determine whether the planting soil is suitable for planting epimedium. If it is evaluated that it is not suitable for planting epimedium, it is necessary to reselect the planting base. If it is evaluated that it is suitable for planting epimedium, it is compared again. The comparison is to compare the planting environment index with the planting environment coefficient threshold. If the planting environment index is not lower than the planting environment coefficient threshold, the control system generates a qualified signal, and the planting base can be used directly for planting. If the planting environment index is lower than the planting environment coefficient threshold, the control system generates an unqualified signal, and the planting environment of the planting base needs to be regulated before planting. The regulation of the planting environment includes fertilization, irrigation, temperature regulation in the greenhouse, shading regulation in the greenhouse, and ventilation regulation in the greenhouse, which is convenient for adjusting the growth environment of epimedium according to environmental characteristics, preventing the problem of overnutrition or nutrient deficiency during the growth of epimedium, and can make epimedium grow healthier and improve the survival rate.

[0031] S3. Preparation before planting: thresh the mature epimedium seeds, remove the pods and air-dry them. After sterilization on the second day of air-drying, store them in sand. Sand storage is to mix the epimedium seeds with wet sand with a moisture content of 15% at a volume ratio of 1:1, mix them evenly and store them at 4°C for 10 days, then mix them with an equal volume of wet sand and store them in a cool and ventilated place for 3 to 4 months. Sand storage can prevent the epimedium seeds from getting moldy and losing water, and extend the shelf life of the epimedium seeds.

[0032] A shade shed is built on the planting base, and water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment and an environmental monitoring system are installed in the shed. The water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment and the environmental monitoring system all use existing technologies. The environmental monitoring system includes a climate monitoring unit, a soil moisture monitoring unit, a soil acidity and alkalinity monitoring unit, and an imaging unit. The climate monitoring unit is used to monitor the weather outside the greenhouse, so as to collect data on the temperature, humidity, and light duration in the greenhouse environment, so as to facilitate the selection of whether to ventilate the greenhouse according to actual conditions. The soil moisture monitoring unit and the soil acidity and alkalinity monitoring unit are used to monitor the humidity and acidity in the soil, so as to collect data on the root growth environment of epimedium. The imaging unit is used to monitor the growth status of epimedium in real time, so as to facilitate the judgment of whether epimedium has diseases and insect pests. The water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment includes an irrigation unit and a fertilization unit. Watering can be carried out through the irrigation unit, and fertilization can be carried out through the fertilization unit.

[0033] The integrated water and fertilizer drip irrigation equipment and the environmental monitoring system are electrically connected to the control system. By setting up the environmental monitoring system, the planting environment in the greenhouse can be monitored in real time and the planting environment data can be sent to the control system. The control system compares the real-time planting environment data with the planting environment coefficient threshold to determine whether the planting environment in the greenhouse is qualified. The integrated water and fertilizer drip irrigation equipment is controlled by the control command of the control system, so as to irrigate and fertilize the planting base according to demand.

[0034] S4. Seedling cultivation and sowing. Adjust the composition of the planting soil according to the planting environment index of the planting base, and establish a suitable planting environment through water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment and environmental monitoring system. Adjust the planting soil by spraying special water and fertilizer on the planting base through water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment. The special water and fertilizer include Bacillus licheniformis, humic acid, potassium humate and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium water-soluble fertilizer. The dosage of Bacillus licheniformis is 0.35mL / m 2 The dosage of humic acid is 7.5mL / m 2 The dosage of potassium humate is 1.2g / m 2 The dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 7.5g / m 2 .

[0035] Bacillus licheniformis is a microbial fertilizer that promotes the growth of crop roots, increases the number of fibrous roots, and regulates the flow of nutrients to fruits. Humic acid is an organic fertilizer that can reduce N leaching and P and K fixation, enhance soil fertilizer retention, water retention, heat preservation and ventilation functions, and reduce soil heavy metal pollution and other problems. Potassium humate biological organic fertilizer is rich in microbial flora and organic matter, which can improve the internal structure of the soil, optimize the internal environment of the soil, induce the formation of a variety of beneficial flora in the soil, and achieve the effects of decomposing P, decomposing K, and fixing N. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium water-soluble fertilizers can effectively reduce the risk of N and P element loss in the soil, effectively improve the acidic environment of the soil, improve the utilization rate of N elements, and improve soil fertility. By using special water and fertilizer to adjust the soil composition, the necessary basic nutrients are provided for the entire growth and development stage of epimedium, nutrients are supplemented, and favorable soil conditions are provided for the growth and development of epimedium, ensuring the healthy growth of epimedium.

[0036] Then, a plot of land was selected as a seedbed on the planting base, and the epimedium seeds stored in the sand were soaked in a 300 mg / L gibberellin solution and sown on the seedbed; the width of the seedbed was 120 cm, the height of the seedbed was 25-35 cm, and the sowing was carried out by opening a number of horizontal grooves on the seedbed, the row spacing of the horizontal grooves was 10-15 cm, and the depth of the horizontal grooves was 3-4 cm. After the epimedium seeds were sown in the horizontal grooves, the soil was covered, and 2-3 cm thick leaves were added on the soil. The sowing amount was 10 g / m 2 The thickness of the covering soil is 0.5 to 1 cm.

[0037] S5. Transplantation: After all the epimedium seedlings have emerged, dig planting pits with a spacing of 15cm×20cm in the area outside the seedbed on the planting base, place the epimedium seedlings in the planting pits, and cover them with soil and press lightly.

[0038] S6. Field management: The planting environment is monitored in real time through the environmental monitoring system, and the planting environment is regulated according to the real-time planting environment and the growth of epimedium. The planting environment is regulated to control the soil moisture at 26%-28%, the relative air humidity at 74%-75%, and the shading degree at 75%. This provides a good growth environment for epimedium and ensures its healthy growth.

[0039] Field management also includes fertilization and weeding. Fertilization is to apply special water and fertilizer once one month after transplanting, and apply special water and fertilizer again after half a year, and apply special water and fertilizer again during the flowering and fruiting period of the following year. Weeding is to weed every 10 days during the peak growth season and every 30 days in autumn and winter.

[0040] S7. Harvesting. Epimedium can be harvested 2 years after planting. The National Day is the season when Epimedium grows well, accumulates the most nutrients, and has strong medicinal effects. It can be harvested at this time. When harvesting, the above-ground stems and leaves are harvested and bundled into small bundles. They are placed in a cool, ventilated and dry place to dry in the shade or in the air. Impurities, thick stems and foreign objects that may be mixed in are selected to ensure the quality of the medicinal materials. After several years of continuous harvesting, the later development of Epimedium is often affected, and the yield and quality of its overwintering buds and new leaves in the next year are affected. For this reason, after 3-4 years of continuous harvesting, it should be rotated for 2-3 years to restore the vitality of the population.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] The difference from Example 1 is that the special water fertilizer in step S4 includes Bacillus licheniformis, humic acid, potassium humate and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium water-soluble fertilizer, and the amount of Bacillus licheniformis is 0.4 mL / m 2 The dosage of humic acid is 11mL / m 2 The dosage of potassium humate is 1.3g / m 2 The dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 11g / m 2 .

[0043] Example 3

[0044] The difference from Example 1 is that the special water fertilizer in step S4 includes Bacillus licheniformis, humic acid, potassium humate and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium water-soluble fertilizer, and the amount of Bacillus licheniformis is 0.45 mL / m 2 The dosage of humic acid is 15mL / m 2 The dosage of potassium humate is 1.5g / m 2 The dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 15g / m 2 .

[0045] The contents of total flavonoids, epimedin A, epimedin B, epimedin C, icariin, and total flavonol glycosides in the epimedium harvested in Examples 1-3 were detected with reference to the method of Part 1 of the 2020 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, and wild epimedium was collected for comparison. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0046] Table 1 Content of various components in Epimedium

[0047]

[0048] As can be seen from Table 1, the contents of total flavonoids, epimedin A, epimedin B, epimedin C, icariin, and total flavonol glycosides of epimedium grown by the optimized planting method of the present invention are significantly higher than those of wild epimedium, which proves that the optimized planting method of epimedium by regulating environmental characteristics provided by the present invention can improve the quality of epimedium while ensuring the healthy growth of epimedium.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the planting of Epimedium by regulating environmental characteristics, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Analyze and determine the variety characteristics and growth environment requirements of Epimedium, and summarize the physiological characteristics, required soil conditions, greenhouse environment, fertilizer requirements, and management characteristics of Epimedium and upload them to the control system; S2. Select a planting base, which is a semi-shaded and semi-sunny land with slightly acidic leaf humus soil, sandy loam, or land with good irrigation and drainage conditions. Dig the planting soil at the planting base, and test and analyze the planting environment index of the planting soil. S3, preparation before planting, threshing the mature epimedium seeds, removing the pods and drying them, and storing them in sand after sterilization on the second day of drying; building a shade shed on the planting base, setting up water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment and an environmental monitoring system in the shade shed, and both the water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment and the environmental monitoring system are electrically connected to the control system; S4, raising seedlings and sowing, adjusting the composition of the planting soil according to the planting environment index of the planting base, and establishing a suitable planting environment through water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment and an environmental monitoring system; selecting a plot of land on the planting base as a seedbed, and then soaking the sand-stored epimedium seeds in a gibberellin solution and sowing them on the seedbed; S5. Transplantation: After all the epimedium seedlings have emerged, dig planting pits with a spacing of 15 cm × 20 cm in the area outside the seedbed on the planting base, place the epimedium seedlings in the planting pits, and cover them with soil and press lightly; S6. Field management: Use the environmental monitoring system to detect the planting environment in real time, and adjust the planting environment according to the real-time planting environment and the growth of epimedium.

2. The method for optimizing the planting of Epimedium by regulating environmental characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting environment indexes in S2 include soil pH, soil fertility and the content of trace elements in the soil.

3. The method for optimizing the planting of Epimedium by regulating environmental characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental monitoring system in S3 includes a climate monitoring unit, a soil moisture monitoring unit, a soil acidity and alkalinity monitoring unit, and an imaging unit.

4. The method for optimizing the planting of Epimedium by regulating environmental characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand storage in S3 is to mix the epimedium seeds into wet sand with a moisture content of 15% in a volume ratio of 1:1, store at 4°C for 10 days after mixing evenly, then mix into an equal volume of wet sand and store in a cool and ventilated place for 3 to 4 months.

5. The method for optimizing the planting of Epimedium by regulating environmental characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the planting soil is adjusted by spraying special water and fertilizer on the planting base through water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment.

6. The method for optimizing the planting of Epimedium by regulating environmental characteristics according to claim 5, characterized in that: Special water fertilizers include Bacillus licheniformis, humic acid, potassium humate and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium water-soluble fertilizers. The dosage of Bacillus licheniformis is 0.35-0.45 mL / m 2 The dosage of humic acid is 7.5~15mL / m 2 The dosage of potassium humate is 1.2~1.5g / m 2 The dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 7.5-15g / m 2 .

7. The method for optimizing the planting of Epimedium by regulating environmental characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the gibberellin solution in S4 is 250-300 mg / L.

8. The method for optimizing the planting of Epimedium by regulating environmental characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the width of the seedbed is 120 cm, the height of the seedbed is 25-35 cm, and the sowing is done by opening several horizontal grooves on the seedbed. The row spacing of the horizontal grooves is 10-15 cm, and the depth of the horizontal grooves is 3-4 cm. The epimedium seeds are sown in the horizontal grooves and then covered with soil, and 2-3 cm thick leaves are added on the soil. The sowing rate is 10g / m 2 The thickness of the covering soil is 0.5 to 1 cm.

9. The method for optimizing the planting of Epimedium by regulating environmental characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting environment in S6 was regulated by controlling the soil pH at 6.8-7.1, the soil moisture at 26%-28%, and the relative air humidity at 74%-75%.

10. The method for optimizing the planting of Epimedium by regulating environmental characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: Field management in S6 also includes fertilization. Fertilization is done by applying special water and fertilizer once one month after the transplanting is successful, and then again after half a year. Special water and fertilizer are then applied again during the flowering and fruiting periods of the following year.

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