Green and efficient taro cultivation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a green and efficient taro cultivation method in the technical field of agricultural cultivation. The method comprises the following steps of 1, preparation before planting, wherein soil preparation and raking are conducted, and fertilizer is applied to furrows; 2, seed selection, germination acceleration and sowing; step 3, film covering and moisture preservation; 4, water and fertilizer integrated management, wherein a water and fertilizer integrated facility is installed; 5, plant type management, wherein redundant lateral branches are pulled out, and the leaf density of plants is adjusted; 6, disease and pest control: comprehensively controlling diseases and pests possibly encountered in the growth process of the taros; step 7, harvesting the taros. The method is easy to operate, the tea bran is applied to taro planting, rich nutrient substances of the tea bran can be used for providing nutrients needed by taro plant growth, investment of chemical fertilizer is reduced, tea saponin contained in the tea bran can inhibit activity of various pathogenic bacteria and prevent and control underground pests, and the taro planting quality is improved. Meanwhile, the removed taro lateral branches are composted together with tea bran, so that green and efficient cultivation is realized, and resources are recycled at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular relates to a green and efficient taro cultivation method. Background Art

[0002] As a crop with a long history, taro is widely planted and used in my country and many Asian countries. It is not only an important food crop, but also an important raw material for food processing, medicinal food preparation and export trade. Due to the high yield, storage resistance and rich nutrition of taro itself, it is of great significance to ensure food security, promote farmers' income and promote agricultural economic development. The high yield characteristics of taro make it an important crop to improve the comprehensive agricultural production capacity. Under suitable growth conditions, taro can grow rapidly and accumulate a lot of nutrients. In addition to edible taro, taro stems also contain a lot of nutrients and can be used as food. In addition, since taro needs a lot of fertilizer as nutrients during the growth stage, the soil after the taro is dug out after maturity still contains a lot of nutrients. The taro field provides a fertile soil environment for the subsequent planting of other crops, which not only provides a stable economic income for growers, but also saves the labor and economic costs of repeated fertilization and repeated use of fertilizers.

[0003] Although taro plays an important role in agriculture, there are still some problems with the existing cultivation methods. In the traditional taro cultivation, as mentioned above, taro needs a lot of fertilizer as growth nutrients during the growth process, and in order to harvest large taro, growers often use chemical fertilizers to achieve high yields. However, due to the long growth cycle of taro and the large amount of fertilizer required, the large-scale use of chemical fertilizers will lead to soil structure destruction, nutrient imbalance and environmental pollution. It also makes it impossible to apply other crops to taro fields after taro harvesting, which leads to resource waste caused by the inability to recycle soil. In addition, the chemical residues in taro products exceed the standard, affecting food safety and consumer health; and the existing cultivation methods of chemical fertilizers lack effective utilization of agricultural waste. The side branches pulled out during taro planting are often discarded or burned at will, and fail to be utilized as resources. In order to solve the soil damage caused by dependence on chemical fertilizers and the inability to recycle natural resources, it is necessary to propose a green and efficient taro cultivation method. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to apply tea bran in taro planting, so that the rich nutrients in the tea bran can be used to provide the nutrients required for the growth of taro plants and reduce the input of chemical fertilizers, and the tea saponins contained in the tea bran can inhibit the activity of various pathogens and prevent and control underground pests. At the same time, the pulled out taro side branches are composted together with the tea bran, so as to achieve green and efficient cultivation and recycle resources.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a green and efficient cultivation method of taro, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, preparation before planting: Choose deep and fertile land that has not been planted with taro in the previous two crops. One week before planting, the land needs to be raked and leveled. The land can be planted in ridges according to single furrow and double rows or single furrow and single row. Fertilize the furrows and mix well with the soil.

[0007] Step 2, seed selection, germination and sowing: select healthy taro with no lesions on the epidermis, no wound surface and complete visible bud tips as taro seeds, place the taro seeds in a cool and ventilated place for natural germination, and sow them in sunny weather from late February to late March. Before sowing, the taro seeds need to be disinfected, and the moisture on the surface of the air-dried taro seeds is removed before sowing; when planting, dig holes according to the distance of mature plants, place the taro seeds with the bud tips facing outwards in the holes, cover with thin soil, and water them thoroughly;

[0008] Step 3: Covering with film to keep moisture: After the taro seeds emerge, cover the soil around the taro seedlings with black weed-proof film;

[0009] Step 4: Integrated water and fertilizer management: After sowing, install integrated water and fertilizer facilities and drip irrigation, mainly use tea bran and organic fertilizers from crushed compost of side branches, supplemented by biological fertilizers, apply thick base fertilizers, apply thin fertilizers frequently, and use integrated water and fertilizer facilities for multiple topdressing. The application of water and fertilizer depends on the growth period of the plant. According to the growth status of the taro plant, the plant growth period is divided into the emergence period, seedling period, plant growth period, vigorous growth period, maturity period and harvest period;

[0010] Step 5, plant type management: from the plant's germination stage to the vigorous growth stage, use the pulling device to assist in pulling out several side branches growing next to the mother taro plant, and the pulled plants are recovered and crushed by the pulling device, and composted with tea bran for subsequent fertilization; during the vigorous growth stage of the plant, adjust the plant type according to the growth of the plant, cut off 2-3 old leaves at the bottom of the plant to keep the field ventilated; apply fertilizer reasonably according to the growth of the plant, and increase the application of potassium fertilizer;

[0011] Step 6: Disease and pest control: prevention is the main approach, and a combination of prevention and control is used. During the fertilization process, tea bran organic fertilizer is added to enhance the disease resistance of the plant. Depending on the different diseases and insect pests of taro, a comprehensive prevention and control method with drug control as the main method and biological control and physical control as the auxiliary method should be used reasonably;

[0012] Step seven, taro harvesting: The best time to harvest taro is from mid-November to late March of the following year. Choose sunny days for harvesting. When harvesting, dig up the whole plant, remove the remaining leaves, fibrous roots and excess taro, dry them, place them in a cool and ventilated place for orderly stacking and storage, and do a good job of preventing rats. For the unharvested taro, it is advisable to build a simple bamboo frame shed or directly cover it with a film. At the same time, clean the field ditches to ensure that the surface water can be drained, the fields are dry after rain, and there is no water accumulation in the ditches.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 1, when preparing the land and raking it, the soil needs to be plowed 30cm-50cm deep and exposed to the sun for 7-10 days; the land is prepared for planting in single-bed and double-row or single-bed and single-row ridges, the width of the single-bed and double-row ridge is 1.0m-1.2m, the width of the furrow is 0.6m, the width of the single-bed and single-row ridge is 0.6m-0.7m, and the width of the furrow is 0.5m-0.6m; the ditch fertilizer is 30kg-50kg / 667m tea bran which can prevent underground pests and can be used as organic fertilizer 2 , decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer 1000kg-1250kg / 667m 2 , 17-17-17 compound fertilizer 50kg-80kg / 667m 2 Trace element fertilizer 25kg-40kg / 667m 2 .

[0014] Further, in step 2, the weight of taro seeds used as taro is about 30g-50g, and the accelerated sprouts can be sown when they grow to 1cm-2cm in length. The taro seeds are disinfected by soaking them in 500-fold diluted solution of 20% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder and 500-fold diluted solution of 10% clothianidin seed treatment suspension for 30 minutes.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 2, the seeds are sown in a "pink-shaped" hole, with holes dug 30cm-50cm apart and a depth of 5cm-8cm. 2 Plant 1800-2300 plants.

[0016] Furthermore, in step three, the covering situation depends on the planting situation. For example, if single-bed and double-row taro is planted, black weed-proof film is used to cover the two rows on the ridge and between the two ridges respectively; if single-bed and single-row taro is planted, black weed-proof film is used to cover the two ridges. When covering the weed-proof film, it needs to be leveled and compacted, and fixed with special film nails.

[0017] Further, in step 4, during the emergence period, no fertilizer is needed temporarily, and the soil moisture is kept dry; during the seedling period, after the taro seedlings are planted and survived until they grow 3 leaves and 1 heart, the taro seedlings are fertilized with 5kg-8kg / 667m of water-soluble 15-15-15 compound fertilizer. 2 , urea 3kg-5kg / 667m 2 , water-soluble humic acid 1kg / 667m 2 At this time, drip water every 5-8 days to keep the ridge surface moist.

[0018] Further, in step 4, during the growth period, when the plant grows 6 leaves, the plant is fertilized with 20kg-30kg / 667m of water-soluble 15-15-15 compound fertilizer. 2 , spray the leaves with 1000 times diluted solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer and 10,000 times diluted solution of 0.02% dihydrochlorin iron soluble powder plant regulator.

[0019] Further, in step 4, during the period of vigorous growth, when the plant has 8 leaves, apply 20kg-30kg / 667m of water-soluble 15-5-24 compound fertilizer. 2 , then drip application every 20-30 days, for a total of 3 times. During this period, amino acid foliar fertilizer and 5000 times diluted solution of dihydrochlorin iron soluble powder plant regulator can be sprayed with the medicine. The ridge surface needs to be kept moist during the bulb expansion period, and water should be dripped every 5-8 days. In hot weather, water should be dripped 1-2 times a day. If the field is convenient for water supply and irrigation, a 6cm-8cm deep water layer should be maintained in the ditch.

[0020] Furthermore, in step 4, during the maturity period, depending on the growth of the plants, additional potassium fertilizer is applied, foliar fertilizer is sprayed 1-2 times, water is dripped on the ridge surface every 2-3 days, or a 1cm-3cm shallow water layer is irrigated in the furrow; during the harvest period, the water in the ridge furrow must be drained to keep the ridge surface dry.

[0021] Further, in step 6, common diseases and insect pests during taro growth and their integrated prevention and control methods are as follows:

[0022] The prevention and control of taro blight is that rainy or hot and humid weather is conducive to the occurrence of this disease, and prevention and control should be carried out before the rainy season arrives: spray with 500-1000 times diluted solution of 25% carbendazim·cymoxanil wettable powder or 15000-2000 times diluted solution of 80% dimethomorph water dispersible granules before the disease occurs, spray once every 7-10 days, and spray twice in a row. Each spraying should avoid rainy days and time periods with high temperatures. It is better to choose cloudy or sunny evenings. The leaf surface, leaf back, and petiole should all be sprayed with the liquid;

[0023] The prevention and control of taro soft rot is that it starts to occur from late May to early June. Physical prevention and control measures include strengthening field management: disinfestation of the soil before planting to prevent larvae from biting the mother taro, spreading quicklime before planting, deep plowing and sunning the field, reasonable density planting, timely removal of old leaves, diseased leaves, residual leaves and extra taro, keeping the field ventilated, and taking care not to hurt the mother taro during farming operations to prevent bacterial infection; drug prevention and control before the disease occurs, 20% thiophanate-copper suspension emulsion 300-500 times diluted solution can be used to spray the plant leaf surface, leaf back and petiole evenly, spray once every 7-10 days, and spray twice in a row;

[0024] The prevention and control of taro wilt disease is to strengthen field management by means of physical prevention and control: diseased plants should be eradicated as soon as possible, and the remains of diseased plants in the field should be collected and burned; for drug prevention and control, 1 billion spores or 50-60 times diluted solution of Bacillus subtilis wettable powder should be used for root irrigation or hole application;

[0025] The prevention and control of taro anthracnose is to use drugs to spray 500-1000 times diluted solution of 25% azoxystrobin suspension on the leaves, backs and petioles of the plants evenly before the disease occurs, once every 7-10 days, and spray twice in a row;

[0026] The prevention and control of taro spot disease is to remove diseased plants and keep the field clean by physical means; for drug control, 800-1000 times diluted solution of 70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder or 1000-1500 times diluted solution of 50% isoprodinil wettable powder is evenly sprayed on the leaves, backs and petioles of the plants, once every 7-10 days, and sprayed twice in a row;

[0027] Common pests in the growth process of taro include Spodoptera litura and mole crickets. In order to ensure production safety, biological control and physical control are selected: physical control uses manual killing of insect eggs, pupae and larvae; biological control uses insect phototaxis and chemotaxis to place insect traps and sex attractant traps around the field to kill adult insects; during the growth period of the plant, 30kg / 667m 2 Soak tea bran in water and drip irrigate to prevent and control underground pests.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are as follows: 1. The fertilizers applied in the process of taro cultivation are mainly tea bran. Tea bran is introduced into taro cultivation for the first time. It can not only use the rich nutrients in tea bran to provide the nutrients needed for plant growth, but also promote plant growth and reduce the input of chemical fertilizers. In addition, the tea saponin contained in tea bran has good biological activity, can inhibit the activity of various pathogens, and has a certain preventive effect on various underground pests. The application of tea bran can effectively increase the content of soil organic matter and prevent and control taro underground pests.

[0029] 2. During the period from the taro plant to the vigorous growth period, by pulling out some side branches around the mother taro plant that take away the nutrients of the mother taro, the yield of the finished mother taro and the diameter of the bulb can be increased. By recycling the pulled out side branches in the mixed compost with tea bran, the fertilizer nutrients can be fed back to the mother taro plant to realize the recycling of natural resources, and the problem of waste of resources and pollution of the environment by the side branches as agricultural waste can be avoided.

[0030] 3. When preparing the land, high ridges are built, which can avoid the soil-building process compared with traditional planting, which can reduce labor and damage to plants, reduce the labor intensity and labor cost of soil-building, and improve the management efficiency and benefits of planting;

[0031] 4. Before sowing taro seeds, soak them in 500-fold diluted solution of 20% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder and 500-fold diluted solution of 10% clothianidin seed treatment suspension. The thiophanate-methyl wettable powder has a broad-spectrum fungicidal effect and good systemic conductivity. It can penetrate into the seeds to provide continuous disease control effects throughout the growth cycle. The clothianidin seed treatment suspension has a broad-spectrum insecticidal effect and systemic activity. It can penetrate into the seeds to provide continuous pest control effects throughout the growth cycle.

[0032] 5. Adopt the cultivation mode of weed-proof film covering to keep moisture and avoid weeding, reduce the damage to plants caused by manual weeding and reduce the occurrence of diseases;

[0033] 6. Water-fertilizer integration is applied to taro cultivation. The amount of water and fertilizer type are intelligently adjusted according to the different stages of plant growth. It reduces the labor intensity of manual fertilization and applies fertilizer accurately, which not only reduces labor costs but also meets the growth needs of plants at different stages.

[0034] 7. Apply ecological environment seedling control technology to taro cultivation. Since the taro producing areas are often hot and rainy from July to August, taro plants are prone to leggy growth. In addition, this period is the period of rapid expansion of underground corms, and the corms absorb more nutrients from the surrounding environment, resulting in poor plant resistance, which in turn leads to widespread and serious disease. This technology uses a natural organic product of dihydrochlorin iron extracted from plant chlorophyll. During the vigorous growth period, 0.02% dihydrochlorin iron soluble powder can be used in a 2500-fold dilution to increase yield while effectively inhibiting plant leggy growth. In addition, dihydrochlorin iron can stimulate the basic immune response of plants, induce multiple disease resistance signal pathways, and improve the systemic resistance of crops, thereby resisting the infection of multiple pathogens, and increasing leaf thickness and plant resistance.

[0035] 8. In terms of insect prevention, the use of insect traps and sex attractant traps can reduce the use of chemical pesticides. Field trials have found that the use of sex attractant traps in the field can effectively trap the Spodoptera litura and effectively reduce its damage to taro growth.

[0036] 9. Tea bran and taro side branches can be crushed together as fertilizer to achieve nutrient complementation and accumulation, making the nutrient content of the compost richer and more comprehensive, which can not only provide sufficient nutrients for taro plants, but also improve soil structure and soil fertility. In addition, taro side branches are agricultural waste, while tea bran is a by-product. The mixed reuse of the two greatly reduces the waste of resources.

[0037] 10. The adoption of weed-proof film mulching cultivation mode and ecological environment seedling control technology together provide a good external environment and internal regulation for the growth of taro. The weed-proof film mulching not only keeps moisture and avoids weeding, but also reduces the damage to plants and the occurrence of diseases caused by manual weeding. The application of dihydrochlorin iron in the ecological environment seedling control technology not only increases the yield but also inhibits the excessive growth of plants, improves the system resistance, and is conducive to the high yield and high quality of taro;

[0038] 11. The above methods are applied to the cultivation of taro, which can increase the yield of taro while greatly reducing the pollution of chemical fertilizers to the environment and soil, thus achieving sustainable development of agricultural production. In addition, since the residual pesticides on the crops are reduced, the health of the consumers is guaranteed to a certain extent, thus achieving green and efficient cultivation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the steps of the green and efficient cultivation method of taro in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional view of a pulling device for a green and efficient taro cultivation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 It is an axonometric view of the clamping assembly of the green and efficient taro cultivation method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: car body 1, telescopic tube 2, drive box 3, lifting plate 4, power chamber 5, hollow seat 6, clamp 7, gear plate 8, rack 9, cylinder rod 10, piston 11, nut plate 12, screw 13, air pipe 14, first motor 15, transmission shaft 16, second motor 17, wheel 18, powder chamber 19, motor chamber 20, third motor 21, rotating rod 22, blade 23, stirring chamber 24, filter plate 25. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0044] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown: A green and efficient cultivation method of taro, comprising the following steps:

[0045] Step 1, preparation before planting: Choose deep and fertile land that has not been planted with taro in the previous two crops. One week before planting, the land should be raked and leveled. When the land is raked and leveled, the soil should be turned 30cm-50cm deep and exposed to the sun for 7-10 days. The land should be ridged for single-bed double-row or single-bed single-row planting. The width of the single-bed double-row is 1.0m-1.2m, and the width of the ditch is 0.6m. The width of the single-bed single-row is 0.6m-0.7m, and the width of the ditch is 0.5m-0.6m. Fertilizer is applied in the ditch and mixed with the soil. The fertilizer applied in the ditch is 30kg-50kg / 667m tea bran, which can prevent underground pests and can be used as organic fertilizer. 2 , decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer 1000kg-1250kg / 667m 2 , 17-17-17 compound fertilizer 50kg-80kg / 667m 2 Trace element fertilizer 25kg-40kg / 667m 2 ;

[0046] Step 2, seed selection, germination and sowing: select healthy taro with no lesions on the epidermis, no wound surface, weighing about 30g-50g and with complete and visible bud tips as taro seeds, place the taro seeds in a cool and ventilated place for natural germination, and sow them when the germinated buds grow to 1cm-2cm. Sow them in sunny weather from late February to late March. Before sowing, the taro seeds need to be disinfected. The taro seeds are disinfected by soaking the taro seeds for 30 minutes with 500 times dilution of 20% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder and 500 times dilution of 10% clothianidin seed treatment suspension for taro seed disinfection, and sow them after taking out the moisture on the surface of the air-dried taro seeds; when planting, dig holes according to the distance of mature plants, place the taro seeds with the bud tips facing outwards in the holes, cover with thin soil, and water them thoroughly;

[0047] Step 3, covering with film to keep moist: after the taro seedlings emerge, cover the soil around the taro seedlings with black weed-proof film. The covering situation depends on the planting situation. For example, if single-bed and double-row taro is selected, the two rows on the ridge and between the two ridges are covered with black weed-proof film respectively; if single-bed and single-row taro is selected, the black weed-proof film is covered between the two ridges. When covering the weed-proof film, it needs to be leveled and compacted, and fixed with special film nails;

[0048] Step 4, water-fertilizer integrated management: after sowing, water-fertilizer integrated facilities and drip irrigation are installed. Since taro has a long growth period, high yield, and large fertilizer requirement, tea bran organic fertilizer is mainly used in the early stage of taro growth. After the taro begins to pull out the side branches, the mixed organic fertilizer of tea bran and side branches is used as the main fertilizer. The rich nutrients contained in tea bran and side branches can provide the required nutrients for the growth of taro, and then supplemented with biological bacterial fertilizer, thick base fertilizer, thin fertilizer, and multiple topdressing with water-fertilizer integrated facilities. The application of water and fertilizer depends on the growth period of the plant. According to the growth condition of the taro plant, the plant growth period is divided into the emergence period, the seedling period, the seedling period, the vigorous growth period, the maturity period and the harvest period;

[0049] During the germination period, no fertilizer is needed and the soil moisture should be kept dry;

[0050] During the seedling period, when the taro seedlings are planted and survive until they grow 3 leaves and 1 heart, fertilize them with water-soluble 15-15-15 compound fertilizer 5kg-8kg / 667m 2 , urea 3kg-5kg / 667m 2 , water-soluble humic acid 1kg / 667m 2 , at this time, drip water every 5-8 days to keep the ridge surface moist;

[0051] During the growth period, when the plant grows 6 leaves, fertilize the plant with water-soluble 15-15-15 compound fertilizer 20kg-30kg / 667m 2 , spray foliar potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer 1000 times diluted and 0.02% dihydrochlorin iron soluble powder plant regulator 10000 times diluted;

[0052] During the period of vigorous growth, when the plant grows to 8 leaves, apply 20kg-30kg / 667m of water-soluble 15-5-24 compound fertilizer. 2 , then drip fertilize once every 20-30 days, for a total of 3 times. During this period, amino acid foliar fertilizer and 5000 times diluted solution of chlorin iron soluble powder plant regulator can be sprayed with the medicine. The ridge surface needs to be kept moist during the bulb expansion period, drip water every 5-8 days, and drip water 1-2 times a day in hot weather. If the field is convenient for water supply and irrigation, a 6cm-8cm deep water layer should be maintained in the ditch;

[0053] During the maturity period, depending on the growth of the plants, additional potassium fertilizers are applied, foliar fertilizers are sprayed 1-2 times, water is dripped on the ridge surface every 2-3 days, or a 1cm-3cm shallow water layer is irrigated in the furrows; during the harvest period, the water in the furrows must be drained to keep the ridge surface dry;

[0054] Step 5, plant type management: from the plant growth stage to the vigorous growth stage, there will be several side branches around the taro plant. Since the main product harvested by this method is the mother taro, in order to increase the yield of the mother taro and the diameter of the bulb, it is necessary to pull out several side branches growing next to the mother taro plant to prevent the side branches from taking away the fertilizer and soil nutrients of the mother taro. The side branches growing next to the mother taro plant are assisted by a pulling device. The pulled plants are recovered and crushed by the pulling device and composted with tea bran for subsequent fertilization; during the vigorous growth period of the plant, the plant type is adjusted according to the growth of the plant, and 2-3 old leaves at the bottom of the plant are cut off to keep the field ventilated; in order to prevent the plant from being blown down by strong winds and damaging the growth of the taro due to excessive height, reasonable fertilization can be applied according to the growth of the plant, and potassium fertilizer can be added;

[0055] The removal device includes a car box 1 and a drive box 3, the car box 1 and the drive box 3 are fixedly connected, and a plurality of wheels 18 are rotatably connected to the bottom of the car box 1 and the drive box 3. A lifting plate 4, a second motor 17 and a clamping assembly are arranged in the drive box 3. One side of the lifting plate 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drive box 3 near the car box 1, and the other side of the lifting plate 4 is fixedly connected to the clamping assembly. The second motor 17 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drive box 3. A transmission shaft 16 is rotatably connected to the lifting plate 4. The transmission shaft 16 vertically penetrates the lifting plate 4 and is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 17. The lifting plate 4 A power chamber 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom, a first motor 15 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the power chamber 5, a lead screw 13 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 15, a cylinder is also provided in the power chamber 5, a piston 11 is slidably connected in the cylinder, a nut plate 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the piston 11, one end of the lead screw 13 passes through the bottom of the cylinder and the piston 11, the nut plate 12 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 13, the piston 11 is slidably connected to the lead screw 13, a cylinder rod 10 is fixedly connected to the side of the piston 11 away from the lead screw 13, the cylinder rod 10 passes through the power chamber 5, extends to the outside of the power chamber 5 and is fixedly connected to the clamping assembly;

[0056] The clamping assembly includes an L-shaped hollow seat 6, a rack 9 and a plurality of toothed discs 8. One end of the rack 9 is fixedly connected to the cylinder rod 10, and the other end of the rack 9 passes through the hollow seat 6 and extends to the outside of the drive box 3. The outer wall of one end of the hollow seat 6 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 4, and the other end of the hollow seat 6 extends to the outside of the drive box 3 and is slidably connected to the rack 9. The toothed discs 8 are symmetrically arranged on the top of the hollow seat 6 on the side outside the drive box 3. The toothed discs 8 are rotatably connected to the hollow seat 6 through an axis, and The toothed discs 8 are respectively located on both sides of the rack 9 and mesh with the rack 9. The toothed discs 8 are fixedly connected with clips 7. The inner wall of the clip 7 is provided with an anti-slip layer. An air inlet is provided at the L-shaped corner of the hollow seat 6. An air outlet is provided on the side of the cylinder close to the rack 9. An air pipe 14 is connected between the air inlet and the air outlet. A plurality of discharge ports are provided on the inner bottom wall of the hollow seat 6 located outside the drive box 3. A slide groove is provided on the drive box 3 to provide lifting space for the lifting plate 4 and the clip 7.

[0057] A crushing box and a plurality of fertilizer boxes are transversely arranged in the vehicle box 1, and the fertilizer boxes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the crushing box. A telescopic tube 2 is connected between the fertilizer box and the hollow seat 6. A filter plate 25 is fixedly connected in the crushing box, and the filter plate 25 divides the crushing box into a stirring chamber 24 and a powder chamber 19 from top to bottom. A motor chamber 20 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter plate 25. A third motor 21 is arranged in the motor chamber 20. The output shaft of the third motor 21 is coaxially fixedly connected to a rotating rod 22. The rotating rod 22 passes through the motor chamber 20 and the filter plate 25 and extends into the stirring chamber 24. A plurality of blades 23 are fixedly connected to the rotating rod 22.

[0058] An image recognition probe is installed on the top of the driving box 3, and a controller is also provided in the driving box 3. The controller is signal-connected with the image recognition probe, the first motor 15, the second motor 17 and the third motor 21;

[0059] Step 6: Disease and pest control: prevention is the main approach, and a combination of prevention and control is used. During the fertilization process, tea bran organic fertilizer is added to enhance the disease resistance of the plant. Depending on the different diseases and insect pests of taro, a comprehensive prevention and control method with drug control as the main method and biological control and physical control as the auxiliary method should be used reasonably;

[0060] Common diseases and pests during taro growth and their integrated prevention and control methods are as follows:

[0061] The prevention and control of taro blight is that rainy or hot and humid weather is conducive to the occurrence of this disease, and prevention and control should be carried out before the rainy season arrives: spray with 500-1000 times diluted solution of 25% carbendazim·cymoxanil wettable powder or 15000-2000 times diluted solution of 80% dimethomorph water dispersible granules before the disease occurs, spray once every 7-10 days, and spray twice in a row. Each spraying should avoid rainy days and time periods with high temperatures. It is better to choose cloudy or sunny evenings. The leaf surface, leaf back, and petiole should all be sprayed with the liquid;

[0062] The prevention and control of taro soft rot is that it starts to occur from late May to early June. Physical prevention and control measures include strengthening field management: disinfestation of the soil before planting to prevent larvae from biting the mother taro, spreading quicklime before planting, deep plowing and sunning the field, reasonable density planting, timely removal of old leaves, diseased leaves, residual leaves and extra taro, keeping the field ventilated, and taking care not to hurt the mother taro during farming operations to prevent bacterial infection; drug prevention and control before the disease occurs, 20% thiophanate-copper suspension emulsion 300-500 times diluted solution can be used to spray the plant leaf surface, leaf back and petiole evenly, spray once every 7-10 days, and spray twice in a row;

[0063] The prevention and control of taro wilt disease is to strengthen field management by means of physical prevention and control: diseased plants should be eradicated as soon as possible, and the remains of diseased plants in the field should be collected and burned; for drug prevention and control, 1 billion spores or 50-60 times diluted solution of Bacillus subtilis wettable powder should be used for root irrigation or hole application;

[0064] The prevention and control of taro anthracnose is to use drugs to spray 500-1000 times diluted solution of 25% azoxystrobin suspension on the leaves, backs and petioles of the plants evenly before the disease occurs, once every 7-10 days, and spray twice in a row;

[0065] The prevention and control of taro spot disease is to remove diseased plants and keep the field clean by physical means; for drug control, 800-1000 times diluted solution of 70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder or 1000-1500 times diluted solution of 50% isoprodinil wettable powder is evenly sprayed on the leaves, backs and petioles of the plants, once every 7-10 days, and sprayed twice in a row;

[0066] Common pests in the growth process of taro include Spodoptera litura and mole crickets. In order to ensure production safety, biological control and physical control are selected: physical control uses manual killing of insect eggs, pupae and larvae; biological control uses insect phototaxis and chemotaxis to place insect traps and sex attractant traps around the field to kill adult insects; during the growth period of the plant, 30kg / 667m 2 Use tea bran soaked in water for drip irrigation to control underground pests;

[0067] Step seven, taro harvesting: The best time to harvest taro is from mid-November to late March of the following year. Choose sunny days for harvesting. When harvesting, dig up the whole plant, remove the remaining leaves, fibrous roots and excess taro, dry them, place them in a cool and ventilated place for orderly stacking and storage, and do a good job of preventing rats. For the unharvested taro, it is advisable to build a simple bamboo frame shed or directly cover it with a film. At the same time, clean the field ditches to ensure that the surface water can be drained, the fields are dry after rain, and there is no water accumulation in the ditches.

[0068] The specific beneficial effects are as follows: the fertilizer applied in the process of taro cultivation is mainly tea bran. During the period from the plant growth stage to the vigorous growth stage of taro, the side branches pulled out are recycled and reused in the mixed compost with tea bran, which can achieve nutrient complementarity and accumulation, making the nutrient content of the compost richer and more comprehensive, which can not only provide sufficient nutrients for taro plants, but also improve soil structure and soil fertility. Moreover, the side branches of taro are agricultural waste, and tea bran is a by-product. The mixed reuse of the two greatly reduces the waste of resources; tea bran is introduced into taro cultivation for the first time, which can not only use the rich nutrients of tea bran to provide the nutrients needed for plant growth, but also promote plant growth on the one hand, and reduce the input of chemical fertilizers on the other hand; in addition, the tea saponin contained in tea bran has good biological activity, can inhibit the activity of various pathogens, and has a certain preventive effect on various underground pests. The application of tea bran can effectively increase the content of soil organic matter and prevent and control taro underground pests;

[0069] When preparing the land, high ridges are created, which can avoid the soil-building process compared with traditional planting, which can reduce labor and damage to plants, reduce the labor intensity and labor cost of soil-building, and improve the management efficiency and benefits of planting;

[0070] Before sowing taro seeds, soak them in 500-fold diluted solution of 20% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder and 500-fold diluted solution of 10% clothianidin seed treatment suspension, wherein the thiophanate-methyl wettable powder has a broad-spectrum fungicidal effect and good systemic conductivity, and can penetrate into the seeds to provide a continuous disease control effect throughout the growth cycle, while the clothianidin seed treatment suspension has a broad-spectrum insecticidal effect and systemic activity, and can penetrate into the seeds to provide a continuous pest control effect throughout the growth cycle;

[0071] The weed-proof film mulching cultivation mode and the ecological environment seedling control technology provide a good external environment and internal regulation for the growth of taro. The weed-proof film mulching not only keeps moisture and avoids weeding, but also reduces the damage to the plants and the occurrence of diseases caused by manual weeding. The application of dihydrochlorin iron in the ecological environment seedling control technology not only increases the yield but also inhibits the excessive growth of the plants, improves the system resistance, and is conducive to the high yield and high quality of taro.

[0072] The ecological environment seedling control technology is applied to taro cultivation. Since the taro producing areas often experience high temperatures and high rainfall from July to August, taro plants tend to grow too tall. In addition, this period is the period of rapid expansion of underground bulbs, and the bulbs absorb more nutrients from the surrounding environment, resulting in poor plant resistance, which in turn leads to widespread and serious disease outbreaks. The traditional method is to spray or irrigate the roots with chemical inhibitors such as paclobutrazol, but chemical inhibitors such as paclobutrazol can damage the plants. After absorbing chemical inhibitors such as paclobutrazol, the taro bulbs have a hard taste, resulting in poor output quality. This technology uses a natural organic product of dihydrochlorin iron extracted from plant chlorophyll. During the vigorous growth period, 0.02% chlorin iron soluble powder can be diluted 2500 times, which can effectively inhibit the excessive growth of plants while increasing the yield. Chlorin iron can stimulate the basic immune response of plants, induce multiple disease resistance signal pathways, and improve the systemic resistance of crops, thereby resisting the infection of various pathogens, increasing leaf thickness and plant resistance. Since chlorin iron is one of the natural products of chlorophyll degradation in plants, it means that it has a high degree of biocompatibility and degradability in nature, can truly achieve no residue and no pollution, and will not affect the growth of the next crop;

[0073] In terms of insect prevention, the use of insect traps and sex attractant traps can reduce the use of chemical pesticides. Spodoptera litura is the main pest of taro. Its adult reproduction cycle is short and the reproduction volume is large. Light trapping is a physical control with low cost. Sex attractant is a biological trap, which is green, environmentally friendly, and pollution-free. It is a kind of biological control. Through field experiments, it was found that the use of sex attractant traps in the field can well trap Spodoptera litura and effectively reduce its harm to taro growth.

[0074] The above methods are applied to the field of taro cultivation, which not only increases the yield of taro but also greatly reduces the pollution of chemical fertilizers to the environment and soil, thus achieving sustainable development of agricultural production. In addition, since the residual pesticides on the crops are reduced, the health of the consumers is guaranteed to a certain extent, thus achieving green and efficient cultivation.

[0075] The specific implementation process of the pulling device is as follows: since the taro side branches will take away the nutrients of the mother taro, it is necessary to manually pull out the side branches in the fields every once in a while and recycle the side branches for incineration or landfill treatment, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the taro side branches cannot be well treated. Therefore, according to the pulling device set in step five, manual labor can be replaced by machinery, and the pulling device is placed in the ditch of each ridge of taro plants, and the clamping component is aligned with the direction of the taro plant on the ridge. The pulling device is started, and the image recognition probe located on the top of the drive box 3 will distinguish the mother taro plant and the side branches growing around it according to the plant diameter. Since the mother taro plant absorbs the main nutrients, the plant diameter is large, and the side branches are mostly newly sprouted growth parts, and the plant diameter is much smaller than that of the mother taro plant, so the image recognition probe can easily distinguish which side branches need to be pulled out;

[0076] After the recognition is completed, the image recognition probe will select the position of the side branch close to the land and transmit it to the controller. The controller starts the second motor 17, and adjusts the angle of the clamping assembly by driving the lifting plate 4 on the transmission shaft 16. When the clamps 7 of the clamping assembly are located on both sides of the side branch, the controller starts the first motor 15, and the first motor 15 drives the lead screw 13 to rotate forward, thereby causing the nut plate 12 and the piston 11 connected to the nut plate 12 to perform a propulsion movement in the cylinder. The piston 11 pushes the rack 9 connected to the cylinder rod 10 to move in the direction of the side branch. At this time, the rack The toothed rack 9 is slowly meshed with the toothed disc 8, and the toothed disc 8 drives the clamp 7 to close to the middle of the side branch to clamp the side branch. At the same time, the fertilizer in the fertilizer cavity falls into the hollow seat 6 through the telescopic tube 2. As the piston 11 pushes toward the rack 9, the air in the cylinder cavity near the side of the rack 9 is compressed and enters the air pipe 14 into the hollow seat 6. The air entering the hollow seat 6 blows the fertilizer particles inside to fall from the discharge port to the external soil. When the side branch is pulled out, there happens to be a hole in the soil, and the blown fertilizer falls into the hole, which plays a role in supplementing fertilizer nutrients for the mother taro plant.

[0077] After the clamp 7 clamps the side branch, the controller starts the second motor 17 again to drive the lifting plate 4 on the transmission shaft 16 to lift the clamping assembly. When the clamp 4 is lifted above the crushing box through the slide slot, the controller starts the first motor 15 to drive the lead screw 13 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the rack 9 retracts into the drive box 3, thereby driving the meshing toothed disc 8 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the clamp 7 is released, and the side branch falls vertically into the crushing box. After a certain number of side branches are pulled out, the controller turns on the third motor 21, and the rotating rod 22 and the blade 23 will crush the side branch, and the side branch powder will fall into the powder chamber 19 through the filter plate 25. Because the ground is uneven when the pulling device is moving, the shaking caused by the wheel 18 will cause the powder adhering to the filter plate The side branch powder on 25 continues to fall into the powder chamber 19 to achieve the effect of secondary screening, and the crushing process and the pulling process are carried out simultaneously. When the pulling device returns to the composting place, the side branches in the stirring chamber 24 have basically been crushed, which greatly saves the time of manually collecting the side branches and then stirring them. The taro side branches and tea bran are crushed together as fertilizers to achieve nutrient complementarity and accumulation, making the nutrient content of the compost richer and more comprehensive, which can not only provide sufficient nutrients for the taro plants, but also improve the soil structure and improve the soil fertility. It can not only feed the fertilizer nutrients back to the mother taro plants to realize the recycling of natural resources, but also avoid the problem of waste of resources and pollution of the environment by the side branches as agricultural waste.

[0078] 1. Planting methods and benefits

[0079] 1. Experimental subjects

[0080] The treatment group was cultivated according to the method steps of taro cultivation used in the embodiment, and the control group was cultivated according to the existing common taro cultivation method.

[0081] 2. Experimental results

[0082] Table 1 Comparative analysis of planting benefits and costs

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] (Note: The planting area is calculated based on 667m2; labor cost standard: 150 yuan / person / day; weed control film 0.8 meters, 200 meters per roll, 80 yuan; silver gray mulch film 20 jin 2 silk per roll 420m2, 112 yuan. Drip irrigation, specification thickness 0.2mm, hole spacing 30cm, length 1000 meters per roll, double holes, 108 yuan. Sex attractant insect repellent, 25 yuan / piece. Taro purchase price: 5.0 yuan / kg.)

[0086] The above experimental results show that the taro cultivation method of the present invention not only increases the taro yield, but also reduces the cost of manual labor through the pre-laid mulch film and water-fertilizer integrated device, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient cultivation.

[0087] Taste experiment

[0088] 1. Experimental subjects

[0089] The treatment group is taro cultivated according to the method used in the embodiment, and the control group is taro cultivated by the existing method.

[0090] 2. Experimental results

[0091] Table 2 Comparison of taste quality evaluation of different treatments

[0092]

[0093] (Note: The taste quality evaluation refers to the method of Yin Jianmei (2017). Yin Jianmei, Zhang Peitong, Wang Li, et al. Establishment and application of taro taste quality evaluation method [J]. Yangtze River Vegetables, 2017(24): 28-30.)

[0094] The above evaluation results on taste quality show that the taro produced by the taro cultivation method of the present invention has an improved taste. Due to the use of 0.02% dihydrochlorin iron soluble powder with a 2500-fold dilution, compared with chemical inhibitors such as paclobutrazol used in existing cultivation methods, the overall taste of the bulb is no longer hard, resulting in higher output quality than existing cultivation methods, thereby achieving the purpose of high efficiency.

[0095] Morbidity experiment

[0096] 1. Experimental subjects

[0097] The treatment group is the incidence of pests and diseases treated comprehensively according to the cultivation method used in the embodiment, and the control group is the incidence of pests and diseases treated only with drugs using the existing cultivation method.

[0098] 2. Experimental results

[0099] Table 3 Comparison of taro blight incidence statistics under different treatments

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] (Note: The classification standard of taro blight is based on Zhou Qingping et al. (2012)

[0103] Through the above-mentioned disease and insect pest control, it can be seen that the disease and insect pest incidence rate of the integrated disease and insect pest control method of the present invention is lower than that of the existing simple drug spraying, and the control effect is obvious, which not only increases the taro harvest, but also achieves the purpose of green cultivation through integrated control.

[0104] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0105] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. The common sense such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can obtain all the existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the enlightenment given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A green and efficient cultivation method for taro, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, preparation before planting: Choose deep and fertile land that has not been planted with taro in the previous two crops. One week before planting, the land needs to be raked and leveled. The land can be planted in ridges according to single furrow and double rows or single furrow and single row. Fertilize the furrows and mix well with the soil. Step 2, seed selection, germination and sowing: select healthy taro with no lesions on the epidermis, no wound surface and complete visible bud tips as taro seeds, place the taro seeds in a cool and ventilated place for natural germination, and sow them in sunny weather from late February to late March. Before sowing, the taro seeds need to be disinfected, and the moisture on the surface of the air-dried taro seeds is removed before sowing; when planting, dig holes according to the distance of mature plants, place the taro seeds with the bud tips facing outwards in the holes, cover with thin soil, and water them thoroughly; Step 3: Covering with film to keep moisture: After the taro seeds emerge, cover the soil around the taro seedlings with black weed-proof film; Step 4: Integrated water and fertilizer management: After sowing, install integrated water and fertilizer facilities and drip irrigation, mainly use tea bran and organic fertilizers from crushed compost of side branches, supplemented by biological fertilizers, apply thick base fertilizers, apply thin fertilizers frequently, and use integrated water and fertilizer facilities for multiple topdressing. The application of water and fertilizer depends on the growth period of the plant. According to the growth status of the taro plant, the plant growth period is divided into the emergence period, seedling period, plant growth period, vigorous growth period, maturity period and harvest period; Step 5, plant type management: from the plant's germination stage to the vigorous growth stage, use the pulling device to assist in pulling out several side branches growing next to the mother taro plant, and the pulled plants are recovered and crushed by the pulling device, and composted with tea bran for subsequent fertilization; during the vigorous growth stage of the plant, adjust the plant type according to the growth of the plant, cut off 2-3 old leaves at the bottom of the plant to keep the field ventilated; apply fertilizer reasonably according to the growth of the plant, and increase the application of potassium fertilizer; Step 6: Disease and pest control: prevention is the main approach, and a combination of prevention and control is used. During the fertilization process, tea bran organic fertilizer is added to enhance the disease resistance of the plant. Depending on the different diseases and insect pests of taro, a comprehensive prevention and control method with drug control as the main method and biological control and physical control as the auxiliary method should be used reasonably; Step seven, taro harvesting: The best time to harvest taro is from mid-November to late March of the following year. Choose sunny days for harvesting. When harvesting, dig up the whole plant, remove the remaining leaves, fibrous roots and excess taro, dry them, place them in a cool and ventilated place for orderly stacking and storage, and do a good job of preventing rats. For the unharvested taro, it is advisable to build a simple bamboo frame shed or directly cover it with a film. At the same time, clean the field ditches to ensure that the surface water can be drained, the fields are dry after rain, and there is no water accumulation in the ditches.

2. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein: In step 1, when preparing the land and raking it, the soil needs to be turned 30cm-50cm deep and exposed to the sun for 7-10 days; the land is prepared for planting ridges in single-bed and double-row or single-bed and single-row. The width of the single-bed and double-row is 1.0m-1.2m, the width of the furrow is 0.6m, the width of the single-bed and single-row is 0.6m-0.7m, and the width of the furrow is 0.5m-0.6m; the ditch fertilizer is tea bran 30kg-50kg / 667m 2 , decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer 1000kg-1250kg / 667m 2 , 17-17-17 compound fertilizer 50kg-80kg / 667m 2 Trace element fertilizer 25kg-40kg / 667m 2 .

3. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 2, wherein: In step 2, the weight of taro seeds used as taro is about 30g-50g, and the buds can be sown when they grow to 1cm-2cm. The taro seeds are disinfected by soaking them in 500-fold diluted solution of 20% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder and 500-fold diluted solution of 10% clothianidin seed treatment suspension for 30 minutes.

4. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 3, wherein: In step 2, the seeds are sown in a "pink" shape, with holes dug 30cm-50cm apart and a depth of 5cm-8cm. 2 Plant 1800-2300 plants.

5. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 4, wherein: In step three, the covering situation depends on the planting situation. For example, if you choose to plant taro in single-bed and double-row, cover the two rows on the ridge and between the two ridges with black weed-proof film respectively; if you choose to plant taro in single-bed and single-row, cover the two ridges with black weed-proof film. When covering the weed-proof film, it needs to be leveled and compacted, and fixed with special film nails.

6. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 4, during the emergence period, no fertilizer is needed and the soil moisture is kept dry; during the seedling period, when the taro seedlings are planted and survive until they grow 3 leaves and 1 heart, fertilize the taro seedlings with 5kg-8kg / 667m of water-soluble 15-15-15 compound fertilizer. 2 , urea 3kg-5kg / 667m 2 , water-soluble humic acid 1kg / 667m 2 At this time, drip water every 5-8 days to keep the ridge surface moist.

7. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 6, wherein: In step 4, during the growth period, when the plant grows 6 leaves, fertilize the plant with water-soluble 15-15-15 compound fertilizer 20kg-30kg / 667m 2 , spray the leaves with 1000 times diluted solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer and 10,000 times diluted solution of 0.02% dihydrochlorin iron soluble powder plant regulator.

8. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 4, during the period of vigorous growth, when the plant has 8 leaves, apply 20kg-30kg / 667m of water-soluble 15-5-24 compound fertilizer. 2 , then drip application every 20-30 days, for a total of 3 times. During this period, amino acid foliar fertilizer and 5000 times diluted solution of dihydrochlorin iron soluble powder plant regulator can be sprayed with the medicine. The ridge surface needs to be kept moist during the bulb expansion period, and water should be dripped every 5-8 days. In hot weather, water should be dripped 1-2 times a day. If the field is convenient for water supply and irrigation, a 6cm-8cm deep water layer should be maintained in the ditch.

9. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 4, during the maturity period, depending on the growth of the plants, additional potassium fertilizer is applied, foliar fertilizer is sprayed 1-2 times, water is dripped on the ridge surface every 2-3 days, or a 1cm-3cm shallow water layer is irrigated in the ditch; during the harvest period, the water in the ridge and ditch must be drained to keep the ridge surface dry.

10. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step six, common diseases and pests during taro growth and their integrated prevention and control methods are as follows: The prevention and control of taro blight is that rainy or hot and humid weather is conducive to the occurrence of this disease, and prevention and control should be carried out before the rainy season arrives: spray with 500-1000 times diluted solution of 25% carbendazim·cymoxanil wettable powder or 15000-2000 times diluted solution of 80% dimethomorph water dispersible granules before the disease occurs, spray once every 7-10 days, and spray twice in a row. Each spraying should avoid rainy days and time periods with high temperatures. It is better to choose cloudy or sunny evenings. The leaf surface, leaf back, and petiole should all be sprayed with the liquid; The prevention and control of taro soft rot is that it starts to occur from late May to early June. Physical prevention and control measures include strengthening field management: disinfestation of the soil before planting to prevent larvae from biting the mother taro, spreading quicklime before planting, deep plowing and sunning the field, reasonable density planting, timely removal of old leaves, diseased leaves, residual leaves and extra taro, keeping the field ventilated, and taking care not to hurt the mother taro during farming operations to prevent bacterial infection; drug prevention and control before the disease occurs, 20% thiophanate-copper suspension emulsion 300-500 times diluted solution can be used to spray the plant leaf surface, leaf back and petiole evenly, spray once every 7-10 days, and spray twice in a row; The prevention and control of taro wilt disease is to strengthen field management by means of physical prevention and control: diseased plants should be eradicated as soon as possible, and the remains of diseased plants in the field should be collected and burned; for drug prevention and control, 1 billion spores or 50-60 times diluted solution of Bacillus subtilis wettable powder should be used for root irrigation or hole application; The prevention and control of taro anthracnose is to use drugs to spray 500-1000 times diluted solution of 25% azoxystrobin suspension on the leaves, backs and petioles of the plants evenly before the disease occurs, once every 7-10 days, and spray twice in a row; The prevention and control of taro spot disease is to remove diseased plants and keep the field clean by physical means; for drug control, 800-1000 times diluted solution of 70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder or 1000-1500 times diluted solution of 50% isoprodinil wettable powder is evenly sprayed on the leaves, backs and petioles of the plants, once every 7-10 days, and sprayed twice in a row; Common pests in the growth process of taro include Spodoptera litura and mole crickets. In order to ensure production safety, biological control and physical control are selected: physical control uses manual killing of insect eggs, pupae and larvae; biological control uses insect phototaxis and chemotaxis to place insect traps and sex attractant traps around the field to kill adult insects; during the growth period of the plant, 30kg / 667m 2 Soak tea bran in water and drip irrigate to prevent and control underground pests.

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