Biomass fuel furnace capable of automatically removing slag

Abstract

The invention relates to a heating furnace, in particular to a biomass fuel furnace capable of automatically removing slag, which comprises a combustion chamber, an upper auger, a lower auger and a feed hopper. The automatic slag removing device is characterized in that a slag falling opening is formed in the bottom of the combustion chamber, a slag discharging plate is arranged below the combustion chamber, and a cylindrical cam is arranged between the first motor and the auger and controls the slag discharging plate to reciprocate so as to automatically remove slag. Compared with the prior art, automatic slag removal is achieved, and fire can be prevented from spreading reversely.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a heating furnace, in particular to a biomass fuel furnace capable of automatically cleaning slag. Background Art

[0002] The biomass fuel stove with automatic slag removal is a heating device that uses solid biomass particles as fuel. These biomass particles are usually made of wood, crop residues or other organic matter through compression and drying. They have the characteristics of small size, high density and high combustion efficiency.

[0003] Due to lax quality control by pellet raw material manufacturers or other reasons, pellet raw materials may contain plastics, chemical fiber cloth and other ingredients. These impurities are easy to coke and form slag after combustion, which will block the ventilation holes in the combustion chamber and seriously hinder the complete combustion of pellets. This incomplete combustion not only wastes fuel, but also has an adverse impact on the environment, which runs counter to the current environmental protection goals of energy conservation and emission reduction. In addition, existing biomass fuel furnaces with automatic slag removal usually have a continuous feeding device to achieve unattended operation. Its continuous feeding device usually includes an auger for conveying solid particle fuel from the hopper to the combustion chamber. However, this design has some significant defects: the fire can easily spread from the furnace along the particle conveying route in the opposite direction, igniting the particles in the hopper, causing safety hazards, because once the flame spreads, it is not only a small matter to waste solid particles, but it may also cause a fire and threaten the safety of personnel. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the technical defect or one of the defects of the current biomass fuel stove with automatic slag cleaning, the present invention discloses an improved biomass fuel stove with automatic slag cleaning, which first solves the problem of preventing the reverse spread of fire, and secondly solves the problem of slag blocking the ventilation holes, thereby improving the combustion efficiency and ensuring the safe, efficient and stable operation of the heating furnace.

[0005] In order to achieve the aforementioned invention object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A biomass fuel stove capable of automatic slag cleaning comprises a combustion chamber, a first auger communicated with the combustion chamber, and a second auger located above the first auger, the second auger being communicated with the first auger through a sealed box, the first auger and the second auger being driven by a first motor and a second motor respectively or both by the first motor or the second motor, a feed hopper being arranged on the second auger, and different from the prior art in that a slag drop opening is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber, a slag discharge plate is provided below the slag drop opening, a cylindrical cam is installed between the first motor and the auger shaft of the first auger, the cylindrical cam having a rotating curve driving portion, the rotating curve driving portion being slidably matched with a guide column provided at the tail of the slag discharge plate, a control module controlling the rotation of the cylindrical cam periodically or according to a preset program, driving the slag discharge plate to perform reciprocating push-pull motion to realize automatic slag cleaning.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a reset spring, one end of which is connected to the slag discharge plate and the other end is connected to the machine body; when the slag discharge plate is pushed to the apex by the rotating curve driving part of the cylindrical cam, the slag discharge plate closes the slag drop outlet, and the reset spring is stretched and stored. When the guide column begins to escape from the apex of the rotating curve driving part of the cylindrical cam, the reset spring resets and drives the slag discharge plate to reset, and the slag drop outlet opens.

[0007] Furthermore, a spiral groove is provided on the rotating curve driving part of the cylindrical cam, and the guide column at the tail of the slag discharge plate is arranged in the groove to form a sliding fit, and the slag discharge plate is driven to reciprocate as the high point and the low point of the curve rotate and switch.

[0008] Furthermore, the transmission rate of the second auger is greater than the transmission rate of the first auger, so that the solid particles in the box are not accumulated, thereby preventing the fire from spreading in the opposite direction.

[0009] Furthermore, a bearing is provided on the guide column.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of ventilation holes are provided on the slag discharge plate.

[0011] Furthermore, a guide groove is provided at one end of the slag discharge plate close to the guide column, a guide rod is fixed on the machine body, and the guide rod is slidably matched with the guide groove.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes an electric heating rod, and the heating end of the electric heating rod extends into the combustion chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a blower, and the air outlet of the blower opens into the ash hopper below the combustion chamber.

[0014] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention mainly include the following points: 1. Improve combustion efficiency: Through the automatic slag cleaning mechanism, the slag at the bottom of the combustion chamber can be removed in time to prevent the slag from blocking the ventilation holes, thereby ensuring that the biomass particles can be fully burned and improving the combustion efficiency.

[0015] 2. Improved safety: The design of the second auger and the sealed box effectively isolates the direct contact between the fire source and the hopper, preventing the fire from spreading from the furnace to the hopper, reducing the risk of fire and improving the safety of the equipment.

[0016] 3. Reduce environmental pollution: Since biomass pellets can be burned more fully, incomplete combustion is reduced, thereby reducing the emission of harmful gases and particulate matter, which is more environmentally friendly.

[0017] 4. Energy saving and carbon reduction: By improving combustion efficiency, fuel waste is reduced, which helps to achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction, and meets the current requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development.

[0018] 5. Reduce maintenance costs: The automatic slag cleaning function reduces the need for manual slag cleaning, reducing maintenance costs and labor intensity.

[0019] 6. Improve equipment stability: Since slag will not accumulate for a long time, equipment failure caused by slag accumulation is avoided, and the stability and service life of the equipment are improved.

[0020] 7. Intelligent control: The cylindrical cam is controlled to rotate according to the preset program by the control module at a fixed time, thus realizing the intelligent control of automatic slag removal, reducing manual intervention and improving the convenience of operation.

[0021] 8. Strong adaptability: The design can adapt to biomass particles of different qualities. Even if there are impurities in the particles, the automatic slag cleaning mechanism can reduce its impact on combustion efficiency and equipment safety.

[0022] In summary, the present invention achieves multiple technical effects such as automatic slag cleaning, prevention of fire back propagation, and improved combustion efficiency and safety by improving the structural design of the biomass fuel stove, providing an effective solution for the efficient, safe and environmentally friendly operation of the biomass fuel stove. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 sectional view of .

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0026] Figure 4It is a structural diagram of another cylindrical cam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by specific embodiments. People familiar with the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 1-4 The biomass fuel furnace shown in the figure can automatically clean slag, including a combustion chamber 1, a first auger 2 connected to the combustion chamber 1, and a second auger 20 located above the first auger 2, the second auger 20 is connected to the first auger 2 through a sealed box 22, the first auger 2 and the second auger 20 are respectively driven by a first motor 6 and a second motor 21 or both are driven by the first motor 6 or the second motor 21, and a feed hopper 5 is arranged on the second auger 20, characterized in that a slag drop port 15 is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber 1, and a slag discharge plate 9 is provided below the slag drop port 15, a cylindrical cam 7 is installed between the first motor 6 and the shaft 3 of the first auger 2, the cylindrical cam 7 has a rotating curve driving part 8, and the rotating curve driving part 8 is slidably matched with a guide column 10 arranged at the tail of the slag discharge plate 9, and a control module controls the rotation of the cylindrical cam 7 regularly or according to a preset program, driving the slag discharge plate 9 to do reciprocating push-pull motion to realize automatic slag cleaning.

[0031] The second auger 20 is located above the first auger 2, and the two are connected by a sealed box 22. This layout forms a physical partition, preventing the flame from directly contacting the solid particles in the feed hopper 5 from the combustion chamber 1. The sealed box 22 prevents the entry of external air, thereby forming a relatively oxygen-free environment inside the box. Since oxygen is required to maintain the flame, the oxygen-free environment can effectively inhibit the spread of the flame.

[0032] In this embodiment, an electric heating rod 12 is also included, and the heating end of the electric heating rod 12 extends into the combustion chamber 1. It can provide initial heat when starting the combustion process to help ignite the solid particle fuel. This is very helpful for improving ignition efficiency and reducing startup time.

[0033] In this embodiment, a blower 4 is also included, and the air outlet of the blower 4 opens into the ash hopper 13 below the combustion chamber 1. Sufficient air can be provided to the combustion chamber to promote the combustion of the fuel. Adequate oxygen supply is the key to achieving complete combustion. By adjusting the air volume of the blower 4, the intensity and speed of the combustion can be controlled, thereby accurately controlling the output heat of the heating furnace. By optimizing the combustion conditions in the combustion chamber, the blower 4 helps to improve the thermal efficiency of the entire heating furnace, so that the fuel can be more fully converted into thermal energy.

[0034] In this embodiment, a reset spring 14 is also included, one end of which is connected to the slag discharge plate 9 and the other end is connected to the machine body; when the slag discharge plate 9 is pushed to the top by the rotating curve driving part 8 of the cylindrical cam 7, the slag discharge plate 9 closes the slag drop port 15, and the reset spring 14 is stretched to store force. When the guide column 10 begins to escape from the top of the rotating curve driving part 8 of the cylindrical cam 7, the reset spring 14 resets and drives the slag discharge plate 9 to reset, and the slag drop port 15 opens. Through an effective slag discharge mechanism, the slag generated after combustion can be prevented from accumulating and blocking the ventilation holes of the combustion chamber. The unblocked ventilation holes are essential to maintaining a stable and efficient combustion process because they ensure sufficient oxygen supply to support combustion. When the ventilation holes are not blocked by the slag, the oxygen supply in the combustion chamber is sufficient, thereby promoting more complete combustion. This not only improves the utilization rate of the fuel, but also reduces harmful emissions caused by incomplete combustion. By using mechanisms such as cylindrical cams and reset springs, automatic control of the slag discharge process can be achieved, and the response speed and reliability of the system can be improved. This embodiment, through its unique slag discharge design, not only solves the problem of slag blocking the ventilation holes, but also improves the combustion efficiency, ensures the safe, efficient and stable operation of the heating furnace, and also brings additional environmental and economic benefits.

[0035] In this embodiment, the guide column 10 is provided with a bearing 18. The provision of the bearing 18 can significantly reduce the friction between the guide column 10 and the slag discharge plate 9, thereby improving the smoothness and flexibility of the movement. This helps to extend the service life of the equipment and reduce wear. By using the bearing 18, the guide column 10 can slide more accurately in the spiral groove 17, ensuring that the reciprocating motion of the slag discharge plate 9 is more stable and precise. Due to the reduction in friction, the energy consumption of the overall system will also be reduced, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the equipment.

[0036] The working process of this embodiment can be summarized into the following steps: 1. Start-up and feeding: The first motor 6 and the second motor 21 are started to drive the first auger 2 and the second auger 20 respectively.

[0037] The first auger 2 transports the solid particle fuel from the feed hopper 5 to the combustion chamber 1 , while the second auger 20 is located above the first auger 2 and communicates with it through a sealed box 22 , ensuring that the flame does not spread back to the feed hopper 5 .

[0038] 2. Ignition and combustion: The electric heating rod 12 is energized to heat and ignite the solid particle fuel entering the combustion chamber 1 .

[0039] The blower 4 starts to work, providing sufficient oxygen to the combustion chamber 1 to accelerate the combustion process of the solid particles.

[0040] 3. Synchronous operation of slag discharge mechanism: As the first motor 6 rotates, the cylindrical cam 7 rotates synchronously, and its rotating curve driving part 8 slides with the guide column 10 at the tail of the slag discharge plate 9 to drive the slag discharge plate 9 to reciprocate.

[0041] 4. Slag discharge process: The slag discharge plate 9 moves to the slag drop opening 15 under the guidance of the guide groove 11 and temporarily closes the slag drop opening 15 .

[0042] The slag ash produced by combustion is pushed onto the slag discharge plate 9 to form a secondary step.

[0043] When the slag discharge plate 9 returns to the downward point of the curved driving portion 8 of the cylindrical cam 7, it leaves the slag discharge opening 15, and the slag discharge opening is automatically opened.

[0044] Under the obstruction of the secondary step, the slag ash automatically falls into the ash hopper 13.

[0045] 5. Slag discharge plate reset and circulation: The reset spring 14 acts to drive the slag discharge plate 9 to reset, and the slag outlet 15 is closed again, waiting for the next arrival of slag ash.

[0046] This process is repeated over and over again, achieving automatic cleaning of slag and ash without stopping combustion.

[0047] 6. Physical isolation of the second motor: The second motor 21 drives the second auger 20 to ensure that the solid particle fuel can be safely transported from the feed hopper 5 to the first auger 2. At the same time, the second auger 20 and the sealing box 22 form a physical partition to prevent the flame from directly contacting the solid particles in the feed hopper 5 from the combustion chamber 1.

[0048] This design effectively prevents the fire from spreading back from the furnace along the particle conveying route, thereby improving the safety of the entire system.

[0049] 7. Advantages of automated control: The structure of the invention is simple in design and can be easily automated.

[0050] Through the above working process, the present invention effectively solves the slag treatment problem of the biomass fuel furnace with automatic slag removal during operation, improves the combustion efficiency, ensures the stable operation of the equipment, and reduces the need for manual maintenance. At the same time, the physical isolation of the second motor ensures the safety of the fuel supply route, further improving the safety of the entire system.

[0051] In another preferred embodiment, the transmission rate of the second auger 20 is greater than the transmission rate of the first auger 2, so that the solid particles in the box 22 do not accumulate, thereby preventing the fire from spreading in the opposite direction. The transmission rate of the second auger 20 is designed to be greater than the transmission rate of the first auger 2. This means that the second auger 20 can transport the solid particles from the feed hopper 5 to the bottom of the box 22 more quickly, and the solid particles are sent to the combustion chamber 1 by the first auger 2 for combustion. Due to the faster transmission rate of the second auger 20, the solid particles in the box 22 will not accumulate at the bottom of the box. Once the particles fall, they will be quickly transported away by the first auger 2, reducing the time the particles stay in the box 22, thereby reducing the risk of fire caused by particle accumulation. This design reduces the chance of flames contacting the solid particles in the feed hopper 5 by physical means, thereby improving the safety of the entire heating furnace system. By controlling the transmission rates of the two augers, fuel can be supplied to the combustion chamber more evenly and stably, thereby achieving more complete combustion and improving combustion efficiency.

[0052] In another preferred embodiment, the slag discharge plate 9 is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 16. The ventilation holes 16 allow air to circulate between the combustion chamber 1 and the slag outlet 15, which helps to maintain an aerobic environment in the combustion chamber and promote the combustion process. This design helps to provide sufficient oxygen to support combustion while helping to discharge exhaust gases generated by combustion. The ventilation holes 16 can prevent slag from accumulating on the slag discharge plate 9 because they allow smaller particles or ash to fall through the holes and directly enter the ash hopper 13 instead of accumulating on the slag discharge plate 9. When the slag discharge plate 9 is opened, the ventilation holes 16 help to guide the remaining slag to the slag outlet 15, thereby more effectively discharging the slag from the combustion chamber 1. The design of the ventilation holes 16 can reduce the risk of the slag outlet 15 being blocked by slag or other debris, ensuring a smooth slag discharge process.

[0053] In another preferred embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, a spiral groove 17 is provided on the rotating curve driving part 8 of the cylindrical cam 7, and the guide column 10 at the tail of the slag discharge plate 9 is arranged in the groove 17 to form a sliding fit, and the slag discharge plate 9 is driven to reciprocate with the rotation switching of the high point and the low point of the curve. The design of the spiral groove 17 allows the entire slag discharge mechanism to be designed more compactly, saving space, and making the design of the entire heating furnace more efficient and compact.

[0054] In another preferred embodiment, a guide groove 11 is provided at one end of the slag discharge plate 9 close to the guide column 10, and a guide rod 23 is fixed on the machine body, and the guide rod 23 is slidably matched with the guide groove 11. The sliding match between the guide groove 11 and the guide rod 23 can ensure that the slag discharge plate 9 moves accurately along a predetermined path during the reciprocating motion, which helps to improve the accuracy and reliability of the slag discharge process. By using the bearing 18 on the guide column 10 and providing the guide groove 11 on the slag discharge plate 9, the friction and wear during the movement can be significantly reduced, thereby extending the service life of the slag discharge plate and the guide column. The guide rod 23 provides a stable guiding effect, ensuring that the slag discharge plate 9 will not deviate or jam during the movement, which helps to improve the stability and durability of the entire slag discharge mechanism. This design is a beneficial supplement and improvement to the slag discharge mechanism of the biomass fuel furnace capable of automatic slag removal.

[0055] Although the present invention has been described in detail above by general description and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made on the basis of not departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0056] The matters not described in detail in the present invention are the prior art or common knowledge in the field.

Claims

1. A biomass fuel stove capable of automatically cleaning slag, comprising a combustion chamber (1), a first auger (2) communicating with the combustion chamber (1), and a second auger (20) located above the first auger (2), wherein the second auger (20) is communicated with the first auger (2) via a sealed box (22), the first auger (2) and the second auger (20) are driven by a first motor (6) and a second motor (21) respectively, or both are driven by the first motor (6) or the second motor (21), a feed hopper (5) is arranged on the second auger (20), and characterized in that: A slag outlet (15) is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber (1), and a slag discharge plate (9) is provided below the slag outlet (15). A cylindrical cam (7) is installed between the first motor (6) and the auger shaft (3) of the first auger (2). The cylindrical cam (7) has a rotating curve driving part (8). The rotating curve driving part (8) is slidably matched with a guide column (10) provided at the tail of the slag discharge plate (9). A control module controls the cylindrical cam (7) to rotate at a fixed time or according to a preset program, thereby driving the slag discharge plate (9) to perform a reciprocating push-pull motion to realize automatic slag removal.

2. The biomass fuel stove capable of automatic slag cleaning according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a reset spring (14), one end of which is connected to the slag discharge plate (9) and the other end of which is connected to the machine body; when the slag discharge plate (9) is pushed to the top by the rotating curve driving part (8) of the cylindrical cam (7), the slag discharge plate (9) closes the slag drop opening (15), and the reset spring (14) is stretched to store force; when the guide column (10) begins to escape from the top of the rotating curve driving part (8) of the cylindrical cam (7), the reset spring (14) is reset to drive the slag discharge plate (9) to reset, and the slag drop opening (15) is opened.

3. The biomass fuel stove capable of automatic slag cleaning according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spiral groove (17) is provided on the rotating curve driving portion (8) of the cylindrical cam (7), and a guide column (10) at the tail of the slag discharge plate (9) is arranged in the groove (17) to form a sliding fit, and the slag discharge plate (9) is driven to perform reciprocating motion as the high point and the low point of the curve rotate and switch.

4. The biomass fuel stove capable of automatic slag removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission rate of the second auger (20) is greater than the transmission rate of the first auger (2), so that solid particles in the box (22) are not accumulated, thereby preventing the fire from spreading in the opposite direction.

5. A biomass fuel stove capable of automatic slag cleaning according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A bearing (18) is provided on the guide column (10).

6. A biomass fuel stove capable of automatic slag cleaning according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The slag discharge plate (9) is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes (16).

7. A biomass fuel stove capable of automatic slag cleaning according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A guide groove (11) is formed at one end of the slag discharge plate (9) close to the guide column (10), and a guide rod (23) is fixedly arranged on the machine body, and the guide rod (23) is slidably matched with the guide groove (11).

8. A biomass fuel stove capable of automatic slag cleaning according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also comprises an electric heating rod (12), the heating end of the electric heating rod (12) extending into the combustion chamber (1).

9. A biomass fuel stove capable of automatic slag cleaning according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also comprises a blower (4), wherein an air outlet of the blower (4) opens into an ash hopper (13) below the combustion chamber (1).

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