Water and fertilizer spraying device and spraying technology for plant foliage dressing

Abstract

The invention discloses a water and fertilizer spraying device and a spraying process for plant foliar fertilization, and relates to the technical field of plant fertilization. The device comprises a spraying vehicle, a spraying assembly and a water and fertilizer filtering assembly, a rotating lead screw rotates to drive a lead screw sleeve to move, the lead screw sleeve moves to drive a movable spray head to move, and when the lead screw sleeve drives the movable spray head to move in the direction close to a spraying mounting frame, the spraying width is reduced; when the screw rod sleeve drives the movable spray head to move in the direction away from the spraying mounting frame, the spraying width is increased, after the spraying width of the movable spray head is adjusted, water and fertilizer are sprayed out of the movable spray head after passing through the water and fertilizer filtering assembly, and the spraying vehicle moves to spray plant leaf surfaces; when the spraying width is changed, the distance between the movable nozzles is uniformly changed, so that overlapping of the spraying range and non-uniform spraying are avoided, the steps of manual adjustment are reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of plant fertilization, and in particular, relates to a water-fertilizer spraying device and a spraying process for fertilizing plant leaves. Background Art

[0002] Water is the source of biological survival and a necessary condition for the development of agricultural and forestry production. Fertilizer is an important guarantee for biological production and high yield. At present, many crops still use traditional irrigation methods, such as flood irrigation, furrow irrigation, and furrow irrigation. In order to improve the fertilization effect and save costs, the use of water and fertilizer spraying equipment has gradually increased.

[0003] During the water and fertilizer spraying process, the spraying port is usually fixed in position, resulting in a fixed spraying width. The spraying port needs to be manually disassembled and adjusted, which has low work efficiency. In addition, the spacing between the manually adjusted spraying ports is inaccurate, resulting in overlapping spraying ranges between single spraying ports. The uneven spraying reduces the spraying effect. Because in actual use environments, the water in the water and fertilizer is often taken from rivers, the water and fertilizer contain impurities, such as aquatic plants, gravel, etc., which need to be filtered. However, impurities often clog the filter and need to be cleaned. The cleaning process requires shutdown, which reduces work efficiency and reduces the applicability of the device. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the problems in the related art, the present invention proposes a water and fertilizer spraying device and a spraying process for foliar fertilization of plants, which has the function of changing the spraying width while making the spacing between the mobile nozzles change evenly, avoiding overlapping of the spraying range and uneven spraying, reducing the steps of manual adjustment, and improving work efficiency; without stopping the machine, the filter box with debris after use can be taken out and replaced with a new filter box to improve work efficiency, etc., which solves the problems of manual disassembly and adjustment of the spraying port, low work efficiency, and inaccurate spacing between the manually adjusted spraying ports, resulting in overlapping spraying ranges between single spraying ports, uneven spraying and reduced spraying effect; because in actual use environment, the water in the water and fertilizer is often taken from the water in the river, resulting in impurities in the water and fertilizer, such as aquatic plants, gravel, etc., which need to be filtered, but the impurities often clog the filter net and need to be cleaned, and the cleaning process requires shutdown, reducing work efficiency and reducing the applicability of the device. Technical problems.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention is a water and fertilizer spraying device, comprising a spraying vehicle, a spraying assembly and a water and fertilizer filtering assembly, wherein a support frame is fixedly installed at the rear of the spraying vehicle, the spraying assembly is arranged on the support frame, and the spraying assembly comprises a spraying installation frame and two spraying units;

[0008] The spraying unit comprises a spray head support rod, a plurality of movable spray heads, a plurality of rotating screw rods, a plurality of screw rod sleeves and a spray head connecting plate, wherein the spray head support rod is fixedly mounted on the spraying mounting frame, the movable spray head is slidably mounted on the spray head support rod, the spray head connecting plate is fixedly mounted on the side of the movable spray head, the screw rod sleeve is fixedly mounted on one side of the spray head connecting plate, the rotating screw rod is rotatably mounted on the other side of the spray head connecting plate, and the rotating screw rod is threadedly sleeved with the screw rod sleeve;

[0009] When the spray installation frame moves vertically, it can drive the nozzle support rod to move vertically; when the rotating screw rotates, it can drive the screw sleeve to move in the horizontal direction, the movement of the screw sleeve can drive the nozzle connecting plate to move, and the nozzle connecting plate drives the movable nozzle to move, and the spacing between the movable nozzles changes equally.

[0010] Preferably, the spraying assembly also includes a lifting screw, a lifting motor, and two spraying mounting plates. The spraying mounting frame is slidably mounted on the support frame, the lifting screw is rotatably mounted on the support frame, a lifting block is threadedly sleeved on the lifting screw, the lifting block is fixedly connected to the spraying mounting frame, the lifting motor is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the support frame, the lifting motor drive shaft is fixedly connected to the lifting screw, the spraying mounting plate is fixedly mounted on a side of the spraying mounting frame away from the support frame, and the spraying mounting plates are respectively located on both sides of the lifting screw.

[0011] Preferably, the spraying unit also includes a movable motor and a movable connecting rod, the movable motor is fixedly mounted on one side of the spraying mounting plate close to the lifting screw rod, the rotating screw rod is rotatably mounted on the other side of the spraying mounting plate, the movable motor driving shaft passes through the spraying mounting plate and is rotatably connected to the rotating screw rod, the rotating screw rod is threadedly sleeved with the screw rod sleeve closest to the spraying mounting plate, a rotating connecting groove is provided at one end of the rotating screw rod close to the screw rod sleeve, one end of the movable connecting rod is slidably mounted in the rotating connecting groove, and the other end passes through the spray head connecting plate and is fixedly connected to the rotating screw rod.

[0012] Preferably, the spraying unit also includes an auxiliary support rod, an auxiliary mounting block, a rotating support block and a supporting motor. The auxiliary support rod is arranged above the nozzle support rod, the auxiliary support rod is fixedly connected to the spraying mounting frame, the auxiliary mounting block is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary support rod, the rotating support block is rotatably mounted on the bottom end of the auxiliary mounting block, the supporting motor is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary mounting block, and the supporting motor drive shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating support block.

[0013] Preferably, the water and fertilizer filter assembly includes a liquid storage tank, a water and fertilizer partition, a water and fertilizer filter box, a filter box, a closing plate, a closing connecting rod and a closing cylinder. The liquid storage tank is fixedly installed on the spraying vehicle, the water and fertilizer partition is fixedly installed in the liquid storage tank, a liquid outlet is provided on the bottom surface of the water and fertilizer partition, the water and fertilizer filter box is fixedly installed at the liquid outlet on the bottom surface of the water and fertilizer partition, two filter boxes are slidably installed in the water and fertilizer filter box, two closing plates are slidably installed on the top surface of the water and fertilizer filter box, both ends of the closing connecting rod are respectively fixedly connected to the closing plates, the closing cylinder is fixedly installed on the outside of the water and fertilizer filter box, and the output end of the closing cylinder is fixedly connected to the closing connecting rod.

[0014] Preferably, the water-fertilizer filter assembly also includes a filter replacement unit, which is arranged on both sides of the water-fertilizer filter box, and the filter replacement unit includes a rotation limit rod, a replacement mounting block, a replacement motor, a replacement electric push rod, a replacement spring and a replacement push plate. The filter box side portion is rotatably installed with a rotation limit block, and the rotation limit block side plate is provided with a limited position special-shaped slide groove, one end of the rotation limit rod is slidably installed in the limited position special-shaped slide groove, and the other end is rotatably connected to the replacement mounting block, the replacement motor is fixedly connected to the replacement mounting block, the replacement motor drive shaft passes through the replacement mounting block and is fixedly connected to the rotation limit rod, the replacement electric push rod is fixedly installed on an inner wall on one side of the liquid storage tank, the replacement electric push rod output end is fixedly connected to the replacement mounting block, the replacement spring is fixedly installed on the inner wall at one end of the liquid storage tank, and the replacement push plate is fixedly connected to the replacement spring.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of guide rods are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the liquid storage tank, the filter box can move along the guide grooves formed by the guide rods, and the guide rods can limit the filter box, replacement outlets are opened on both sides of the liquid storage tank, a discharge screw rod is rotatably installed in the liquid storage tank, a discharge lever is threadedly sleeved on the discharge screw rod, and a discharge motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the liquid storage tank.

[0016] Preferably, a liquid blocking block is slidably installed in the water-fertilizer filter box, a liquid blocking cylinder is fixedly installed on the outside of the water-fertilizer filter box, and the output end of the liquid blocking cylinder passes through the water-fertilizer filter box and is fixedly connected to the liquid blocking block.

[0017] Preferably, the spray assembly also includes a fixed support rod, a fixed nozzle and a spray infusion tube, the fixed support rod is fixedly mounted on the spray mounting frame, two fixed nozzles are fixedly mounted on the fixed support rod, and the spray infusion tube is fixedly mounted between the fixed nozzle and the movable nozzle.

[0018] A spraying process for foliar fertilization of plants, characterized in that the above-mentioned water and fertilizer spraying device is used, comprising the following steps:

[0019] The spraying vehicle is started;

[0020] The spray installation frame moves vertically, driving the spray head support rod to move, thereby adjusting the position of the movable spray head;

[0021] The rotating screw rotates to drive the screw sleeve to move, and the movement of the screw sleeve drives the movable nozzle to move. When the screw sleeve drives the movable nozzle to move toward the spraying installation frame, the spraying width decreases; when the screw sleeve drives the movable nozzle to move away from the spraying installation frame, the spraying width increases;

[0022] After the spraying width of the mobile nozzle is adjusted, the water and fertilizer are sprayed out from the mobile nozzle after passing through the water and fertilizer filter assembly, and the spraying vehicle moves to spray the plant leaves.

[0023] (III) Beneficial effects

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a water and fertilizer spraying device and a spraying process for foliar fertilization of plants, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The screw rod rotates to drive the screw rod sleeve to move, and the movement of the screw rod sleeve drives the mobile nozzle to move. When the screw rod sleeve drives the mobile nozzle to move toward the spraying installation frame, the spraying width decreases; when the screw rod sleeve drives the mobile nozzle to move away from the spraying installation frame, the spraying width increases. After the spraying width of the mobile nozzle is adjusted, water and fertilizer are sprayed from the mobile nozzle after passing through the water and fertilizer filter assembly, and the spraying vehicle moves to spray the plant leaves; while changing the spraying width, the spacing between the mobile nozzles is changed evenly to avoid overlapping of the spraying range and uneven spraying, reduce the steps of manual adjustment, and improve work efficiency.

[0026] 2. The closing cylinder drives the closing connecting rod to move, and the movement of the closing connecting rod drives the two closing plates to move, so that a closing plate closes the liquid outlet for filtration, and a replacement electric push rod of a filter replacement unit drives the replacement installation block to move, and the replacement installation block moves to drive the filter box to be removed from the water and fertilizer filter box, and the replacement motor drives the rotation limit rod to rotate, and the rotation limit rod drives the rotation limit block to rotate, so that the limiting special-shaped groove rotates from a vertical state to a horizontal state, and the replacement spring pushes the replacement push plate to push the unused filter box to squeeze the removed filter box, so that the removed filter box moves, and the special-shaped groove of the rotation limit block on the unused filter box is slidably installed with one end of the rotation limit rod, and the replacement motor drives the rotation limit rod to rotate, so that the limiting special-shaped groove rotates from a horizontal state to a vertical state. The replacement electric push rod drives the replacement installation block to move, so that the unused filter box is moved into the water and fertilizer filter box; without stopping the machine, the filter box with debris after use is taken out and replaced with a new filter box, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0027] 3. By moving the sealing class and the liquid blocking block, water and fertilizer can be prevented from overflowing during the replacement of the filter box, thus reducing waste and improving the applicability of the device.

[0028] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the invention, the drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is one of the overall three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is one of the partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure at A;

[0033] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at B;

[0035] Figure 6 This is the third schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure at C;

[0037] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure at D;

[0038] Fig. 9 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure at E;

[0040] Fig.11 This is the fifth schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.12 For the present invention Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the structure at F.

[0042] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0043] 1. Spraying vehicle; 101. Support frame; 2. Spraying assembly; 201. Spraying installation frame; 202. Lifting screw rod; 203. Lifting motor; 204. Spraying installation plate; 205. Fixed support rod; 206. Fixed nozzle; 207. Spraying infusion tube; 3. Water and fertilizer filter assembly; 301. Liquid storage tank; 302. Water and fertilizer partition; 303. Water and fertilizer filter box; 304. Filter box; 305. Closing plate; 306. Closing connecting rod; 307. Closing cylinder; 308. Rotating limit block; 309. Guide rod; 310. Discharge screw rod; 311. Discharge lever; 312. Discharge motor; 313, liquid blocking block; 314, liquid blocking cylinder; 4, spraying unit; 401, nozzle support rod; 402, mobile nozzle; 403, rotating screw; 404, screw sleeve; 405, nozzle connecting plate; 406, mobile motor; 407, mobile connecting rod; 408, auxiliary support rod; 409, auxiliary mounting block; 410, rotating support block; 411, support motor; 5, filter replacement unit; 501, rotating limit rod; 502, replacement mounting block; 503, replacement motor; 504, replacement electric push rod; 505, replacement spring; 506, replacement push plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "top", "middle", "inside" and the like indicating orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the invention.

[0046] For example, see Figure 1 - Fig.12 As shown, the present invention is a water and fertilizer spraying device, comprising a spraying vehicle 1, a spraying assembly 2 and a water and fertilizer filtering assembly 3. A support frame 101 is fixedly installed at the rear of the spraying vehicle 1, and the spraying assembly 2 is arranged on the support frame 101. The spraying assembly 2 comprises a spraying installation frame 201 and two spraying units 4;

[0047] The spraying unit 4 includes a spray head support rod 401, a plurality of movable spray heads 402, a plurality of rotating screws 403, a plurality of screw sleeves 404 and a spray head connecting plate 405. The spray head support rod 401 is fixedly mounted on the spraying mounting frame 201, the movable spray head 402 is slidably mounted on the spray head support rod 401, the spray head connecting plate 405 is fixedly mounted on the side of the movable spray head 402, a screw sleeve 404 is fixedly mounted on one side of the spray head connecting plate 405, and a rotating screw 403 is rotatably mounted on the other side of the spray head connecting plate 405, and the rotating screw 403 is threadedly sleeved with the screw sleeve 404;

[0048] When the spray installation frame 201 moves vertically, it can drive the nozzle support rod 401 to move vertically; when the rotating screw 403 rotates, it can drive the screw sleeve 404 to move in the horizontal direction, and the movement of the screw sleeve 404 can drive the nozzle connecting plate 405 to move, and the nozzle connecting plate 405 drives the moving nozzle 402 to move, and the distance between the moving nozzles 402 changes equally;

[0049] When in use, the spraying vehicle 1 is started, the spraying installation frame 201 moves vertically, driving the nozzle support rod 401 to move, thereby adjusting the position of the mobile nozzle 402, rotating the screw rod 403 to rotate, driving the screw sleeve 404 to move, and the screw sleeve 404 moves to drive the mobile nozzle 402 to move. When the screw sleeve 404 drives the mobile nozzle 402 to move toward the spraying installation frame 201, the spraying width is reduced; when the screw sleeve 404 drives the mobile nozzle 402 to move away from the spraying installation frame 201, the spraying width is increased. After the spraying width of the mobile nozzle 402 is adjusted, the water and fertilizer are sprayed from the mobile nozzle 402 after passing through the water and fertilizer filter assembly 3, and the spraying vehicle 1 moves to spray the plant leaves; while changing the spraying width, the spacing between the mobile nozzles 402 is evenly changed to avoid overlapping of the spraying range and uneven spraying, reduce the steps of manual adjustment, and improve work efficiency.

[0050] Embodiment 2 is different from the above embodiment. Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 The spraying assembly 2 also includes a lifting screw rod 202, a lifting motor 203, and two spraying mounting plates 204. The spraying mounting frame 201 is slidably mounted on the support frame 101, and the lifting screw rod 202 is rotatably mounted on the support frame 101. A lifting block is threadedly sleeved on the lifting screw rod 202, and the lifting block is fixedly connected to the spraying mounting frame 201. The lifting motor 203 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the support frame 101, and the driving shaft of the lifting motor 203 is fixedly connected to the lifting screw rod 202. The spraying mounting plate 204 is fixedly mounted on the side of the spraying mounting frame 201 away from the support frame 101, and the spraying mounting plates 204 are respectively located on both sides of the lifting screw rod 202;

[0051] When in use, the cylinder lifting screw 202 of the lifting motor 203 rotates, and the lifting screw 202 drives the spraying installation frame 201 to move vertically through the lifting block.

[0052] Embodiment 3 is different from the above embodiment. Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 The spraying unit 4 also includes a mobile motor 406 and a mobile connecting rod 407. The mobile motor 406 is fixedly mounted on one side of the spraying mounting plate 204 close to the lifting screw 202. A rotating screw 403 is rotatably mounted on the other side of the spraying mounting plate 204. The driving shaft of the mobile motor 406 passes through the spraying mounting plate 204 and is rotatably connected to the rotating screw 403. The rotating screw 403 is threadedly sleeved with a screw sleeve 404 closest to the spraying mounting plate 204. A rotating connecting groove is provided at one end of the rotating screw 403 close to the screw sleeve 404. One end of the mobile connecting rod 407 is slidably mounted in the rotating connecting groove, and the other end passes through the nozzle connecting plate 405 and is fixedly connected to the rotating screw 403.

[0053] When in use, the mobile motor 406 drives the rotating screw 403 in contact with the spray mounting plate 204 to rotate, and the rotating screw 403 drives the adjacent rotating screw 403 to rotate through the moving connecting rod 407. When the spacing between the rotating screws 403 changes, the rotating connecting rod slides in the rotating connecting groove.

[0054] Embodiment 4 is different from the above embodiment. Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7The spraying unit 4 also includes an auxiliary support rod 408, an auxiliary mounting block 409, a rotating support block 410 and a supporting motor 411. The auxiliary support rod 408 is arranged above the nozzle support rod 401, the auxiliary support rod 408 is fixedly connected to the spraying mounting frame 201, the auxiliary mounting block 409 is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary support rod 408, the rotating support block 410 is rotatably mounted on the bottom end of the auxiliary mounting block 409, the supporting motor 411 is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary mounting block 409, and the driving shaft of the supporting motor 411 is fixedly connected to the rotating support block 410;

[0055] During use, when the mobile nozzle 402 is moved and adjusted, the support motor 411 drives the rotating support block 410 to rotate, and the rotating support block 410 releases the contact with the spraying support rod; when the mobile nozzle 402 completes the adjustment, the support motor 411 drives the rotating support block 410 to rotate and contact with the spraying support rod, and at this time the auxiliary support rod 408 assists in supporting the spraying support rod by rotating the support block 410.

[0056] Embodiment 5 is different from the above embodiment. Please refer to Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 The water and fertilizer filter assembly 3 includes a liquid storage tank 301, a water and fertilizer partition 302, a water and fertilizer filter box 303, a filter box 304, a closing plate 305, a closed connecting rod 306 and a closed cylinder 307. The liquid storage tank 301 is fixedly installed on the spraying vehicle 1, the water and fertilizer partition 302 is fixedly installed in the liquid storage tank 301, and a liquid outlet is provided on the bottom surface of the water and fertilizer partition 302. The water and fertilizer filter box 303 is fixedly installed at the liquid outlet on the bottom surface of the water and fertilizer partition 302. Two filter boxes 304 are slidably installed in the water and fertilizer filter box 303, and two closing plates 305 are slidably installed on the top surface of the water and fertilizer filter box 303. Both ends of the closed connecting rod 306 are respectively fixedly connected to the closing plate 305, and the closed cylinder 307 is fixedly installed on the outside of the water and fertilizer filter box 303, and the output end of the closed cylinder 307 is fixedly connected to the closed connecting rod 306;

[0057] When in use, the water and fertilizer partition 302 divides the liquid storage tank 301 into two layers, the water and fertilizer are stored in the upper space of the liquid storage tank 301, and the closing cylinder 307 drives the closing connecting rod 306 to move. The movement of the closing connecting rod 306 drives the two closing plates 305 to move, so that one closing plate 305 closes half of the liquid outlet, and the other half of the liquid outlet is open. The water and fertilizer enter the water and fertilizer filter box 303 through the opened liquid outlet, and are discharged from the outlet of the water and fertilizer filter box 303 through the water and fertilizer filter box 304.

[0058] Embodiment 6 is different from the above embodiment. Please refer to Fig.10 , Fig.11The water and fertilizer filter assembly 3 also includes a filter replacement unit 5, which is arranged on both sides of the water and fertilizer filter box 303. The filter replacement unit 5 includes a rotation limit rod 501, a replacement mounting block 502, a replacement motor 503, a replacement electric push rod 504, a replacement spring 505 and a replacement push plate 506. A rotation limit block 308 is rotatably installed on the side of the filter box 304. The side plate of the rotation limit block 308 is provided with a limited special-shaped slide groove. One end of the rotation limit rod 501 is slidably installed in the limited special-shaped slide groove, and the other end of the rotation limit rod 501 is slidably installed in the limited special-shaped slide groove. One end is rotatably connected to the replacement mounting block 502, the replacement motor 503 is fixedly connected to the replacement mounting block 502, the replacement motor 503 drive shaft passes through the replacement mounting block 502 and is fixedly connected to the rotation limit rod 501, the replacement electric push rod 504 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one side of the liquid storage tank 301, the output end of the replacement electric push rod 504 is fixedly connected to the replacement mounting block 502, the replacement spring 505 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one end of the liquid storage tank 301, and the replacement push plate 506 is fixedly connected to the replacement spring 505;

[0059] When in use, the closing cylinder 307 drives the closing connecting rod 306 to move, and the closing connecting rod 306 moves to drive the two closing plates 305 to move, so that one closing plate 305 closes the liquid outlet for filtration, and a replacement electric push rod 504 of a filter replacement unit 5 drives the replacement mounting block 502 to move, and the replacement mounting block 502 moves to drive the filter box 304 to move out of the water and fertilizer filter box 303, and the replacement motor 503 drives the rotation limit rod 501 to rotate, and the rotation limit rod 501 drives the rotation limit block 308 to rotate, so that the limit special-shaped groove has a vertical shape. The state is rotated to a horizontal state, the replacement spring 505 pushes the replacement push plate 506 to push the unused filter box 304 to squeeze the removed filter box 304, so that the removed filter box 304 moves, and the special-shaped groove of the rotation limit block 308 on the unused filter box 304 is slidably installed with one end of the rotation limit rod 501, and the replacement motor 503 drives the rotation limit rod 501 to rotate, so that the limiting special-shaped groove rotates from a horizontal state to a vertical state. The replacement electric push rod 504 drives the replacement installation block 502 to move, so that the unused filter box 304 moves to the water and fertilizer filter box 303.

[0060] Embodiment 7 is different from the above embodiment. Please refer to Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.11 A plurality of guide rods 309 are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the liquid storage tank 301, and the filter box 304 can move along the guide grooves formed by the guide rods 309, and the guide rods 309 can limit the filter box 304. Replacement outlets are opened on both sides of the liquid storage tank 301, and a discharge screw rod 310 is rotatably installed in the liquid storage tank 301. A discharge lever 311 is threadedly sleeved on the discharge screw rod 310, and a discharge motor 312 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the liquid storage tank 301;

[0061] During use, when the filter box 304 is replaced, the guide rod 309 moves and limits the filter box 304, and when the filter box 304 is moved out, the guide rod 309 guides the filter box 304; the discharge motor 312 drives the discharge screw rod 310 to rotate, and the rotation of the gear screw drives the discharge lever 311 to move, and the discharge lever 311 pushes the replaced filter box 304 out of the discharge port.

[0062] Embodiment 8 is different from the above embodiment. Please refer to Fig.12 A liquid blocking block 313 is slidably installed in the water and fertilizer filter box 303, and a liquid blocking cylinder 314 is fixedly installed outside the water and fertilizer filter box 303. The output end of the liquid blocking cylinder 314 passes through the water and fertilizer filter box 303 and is fixedly connected to the liquid blocking block 313;

[0063] When in use, the liquid blocking cylinder 314 drives the liquid blocking block 313 to move, so that the liquid blocking block 313 moves to separate the two filter boxes 304 in the water and fertilizer filter box 303, thereby preventing the filtered water and fertilizer from flowing out of the water and fertilizer filter box 303 during replacement.

[0064] Embodiment 9 is different from the above embodiment. Please refer to Figure 3 The spraying assembly 2 further includes a fixed support rod 205, a fixed spray head 206 and a spraying infusion tube 207. The fixed support rod 205 is fixedly mounted on the spraying mounting frame 201. Two fixed spray heads 206 are fixedly mounted on the fixed support rod 205. The spraying infusion tube 207 is fixedly mounted between the fixed spray head 206 and the mobile spray head 402.

[0065] When in use, the filtered water and fertilizer in the liquid storage tank 301 are sprayed out from the fixed nozzle 206 and the movable nozzle 402 through the spraying infusion pipe 207.

[0066] A spraying process for foliar fertilization of plants, characterized in that the above-mentioned water and fertilizer spraying device is used, comprising the following steps:

[0067] Spraying vehicle 1 starts;

[0068] The spray installation frame 201 moves vertically, driving the spray head support rod 401 to move, thereby adjusting the position of the movable spray head 402;

[0069] The screw rod 403 rotates to drive the screw rod sleeve 404 to move, and the screw rod sleeve 404 moves to drive the mobile nozzle 402 to move. When the screw rod sleeve 404 drives the mobile nozzle 402 to move toward the spraying installation frame 201, the spraying width decreases; when the screw rod sleeve 404 drives the mobile nozzle 402 to move away from the spraying installation frame 201, the spraying width increases;

[0070] After the spraying width of the mobile nozzle 402 is adjusted, the water and fertilizer are sprayed out from the mobile nozzle 402 after passing through the water and fertilizer filter assembly 3, and the spraying vehicle 1 moves to spray the plant leaves.

[0071] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0072] The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and use the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A water and fertilizer spraying device, comprising a spraying vehicle, a spraying component and a water and fertilizer filtering component, characterized in that: A support frame is fixedly installed at the rear of the spraying vehicle, and the spraying assembly is arranged on the support frame. The spraying assembly includes a spraying installation frame and two spraying units; The spraying unit comprises a spray head support rod, a plurality of movable spray heads, a plurality of rotating screw rods, a plurality of screw rod sleeves and a spray head connecting plate, wherein the spray head support rod is fixedly mounted on the spraying mounting frame, the movable spray head is slidably mounted on the spray head support rod, the spray head connecting plate is fixedly mounted on the side of the movable spray head, the screw rod sleeve is fixedly mounted on one side of the spray head connecting plate, the rotating screw rod is rotatably mounted on the other side of the spray head connecting plate, and the rotating screw rod is threadedly sleeved with the screw rod sleeve; When the spray installation frame moves vertically, it can drive the nozzle support rod to move vertically; when the rotating screw rotates, it can drive the screw sleeve to move in the horizontal direction, the movement of the screw sleeve can drive the nozzle connecting plate to move, and the nozzle connecting plate drives the movable nozzle to move, and the spacing between the movable nozzles changes equally.

2. A water and fertilizer spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying assembly also includes a lifting screw, a lifting motor, and two spraying mounting plates. The spraying mounting frame is slidably mounted on the support frame, the lifting screw is rotatably mounted on the support frame, a lifting block is threadedly sleeved on the lifting screw, the lifting block is fixedly connected to the spraying mounting frame, the lifting motor is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the support frame, the lifting motor drive shaft is fixedly connected to the lifting screw, the spraying mounting plate is fixedly mounted on a side of the spraying mounting frame away from the support frame, and the spraying mounting plates are respectively located on both sides of the lifting screw.

3. A water and fertilizer spraying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spraying unit also includes a movable motor and a movable connecting rod. The movable motor is fixedly mounted on one side of the spraying mounting plate close to the lifting screw rod, and the rotating screw rod is rotatably mounted on the other side of the spraying mounting plate. The driving shaft of the movable motor passes through the spraying mounting plate and is rotatably connected to the rotating screw rod. The rotating screw rod is threadedly sleeved with the screw rod sleeve closest to the spraying mounting plate. A rotating connecting groove is provided at one end of the rotating screw rod close to the screw rod sleeve. One end of the movable connecting rod is slidably mounted in the rotating connecting groove, and the other end passes through the spray head connecting plate and is fixedly connected to the rotating screw rod.

4. A water and fertilizer spraying device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spraying unit also includes an auxiliary support rod, an auxiliary mounting block, a rotating support block and a supporting motor. The auxiliary support rod is arranged above the nozzle support rod, the auxiliary support rod is fixedly connected to the spraying mounting frame, the auxiliary mounting block is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary support rod, the rotating support block is rotatably mounted on the bottom end of the auxiliary mounting block, the supporting motor is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary mounting block, and the supporting motor driving shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating support block.

5. A water and fertilizer spraying device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water and fertilizer filter assembly includes a liquid storage tank, a water and fertilizer partition, a water and fertilizer filter box, a filter box, a closing plate, a closing connecting rod and a closing cylinder. The liquid storage tank is fixedly installed on the spraying vehicle, the water and fertilizer partition is fixedly installed in the liquid storage tank, a liquid outlet is provided on the bottom surface of the water and fertilizer partition, the water and fertilizer filter box is fixedly installed at the liquid outlet on the bottom surface of the water and fertilizer partition, two filter boxes are slidably installed in the water and fertilizer filter box, two closing plates are slidably installed on the top surface of the water and fertilizer filter box, two ends of the closing connecting rod are respectively fixedly connected to the closing plates, the closing cylinder is fixedly installed on the outside of the water and fertilizer filter box, and the output end of the closing cylinder is fixedly connected to the closing connecting rod.

6. A water and fertilizer spraying device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water-fertilizer filter assembly also includes a filter replacement unit, which is arranged on both sides of the water-fertilizer filter box, and the filter replacement unit includes a rotation limit rod, a replacement mounting block, a replacement motor, a replacement electric push rod, a replacement spring and a replacement push plate. The filter box side portion is rotatably installed with a rotation limit block, and the rotation limit block side plate is provided with a limited position special-shaped slide groove, one end of the rotation limit rod is slidably installed in the limited special-shaped slide groove, and the other end is rotatably connected to the replacement mounting block, the replacement motor is fixedly connected to the replacement mounting block, the replacement motor drive shaft passes through the replacement mounting block and is fixedly connected to the rotation limit rod, the replacement electric push rod is fixedly installed on an inner wall on one side of the liquid storage tank, the replacement electric push rod output end is fixedly connected to the replacement mounting block, the replacement spring is fixedly installed on the inner wall at one end of the liquid storage tank, and the replacement push plate is fixedly connected to the replacement spring.

7. A water and fertilizer spraying device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of guide rods are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the liquid storage tank. The filter box can move along the guide grooves formed by the guide rods, and the guide rods can limit the filter box. Replacement outlets are opened on both sides of the liquid storage tank. A discharge screw rod is rotatably installed in the liquid storage tank, a discharge lever is threadedly sleeved on the discharge screw rod, and a discharge motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the liquid storage tank.

8. A water and fertilizer spraying device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A liquid blocking block is slidably installed in the water-fertilizer filter box, a liquid blocking cylinder is fixedly installed on the outside of the water-fertilizer filter box, and an output end of the liquid blocking cylinder passes through the water-fertilizer filter box and is fixedly connected to the liquid blocking block.

9. A water and fertilizer spraying device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spray assembly also includes a fixed support rod, a fixed spray head and a spray infusion tube. The fixed support rod is fixedly installed on the spray installation frame. Two fixed spray heads are fixedly installed on the fixed support rod. The spray infusion tube is fixedly installed between the fixed spray head and the movable spray head.

10. A spraying process for foliar fertilization of plants, characterized in that: The water and fertilizer spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, comprising the following steps: The spraying vehicle is started; The spray installation frame moves vertically, driving the spray head support rod to move, thereby adjusting the position of the movable spray head; The rotating screw rotates to drive the screw sleeve to move, and the movement of the screw sleeve drives the movable nozzle to move. When the screw sleeve drives the movable nozzle to move toward the spraying installation frame, the spraying width decreases; when the screw sleeve drives the movable nozzle to move away from the spraying installation frame, the spraying width increases; After the spraying width of the mobile nozzle is adjusted, the water and fertilizer are sprayed out from the mobile nozzle after passing through the water and fertilizer filter assembly, and the spraying vehicle moves to spray the plant leaves.

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