One-year double cropping planting method of early-maturing potatoes and grain-feed dual-purpose corn in loess hilly area in eastern Gansu province

Abstract

The invention discloses a double cropping planting method of early-maturing potatoes and grain-feed dual-purpose corn in a loess hilly area in eastern Gansu, and relates to the technical field of crop planting, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: S1, a first crop of potato cultivation technology: S11, land selection and preparation; s12, fertilization, vertical deep rotation, ridging and film mulching; s13, preparing potato seeds; S131, selecting improved seeds; s132, potato seed treatment; s14, sowing in a suitable period; s15, field management; s16, prevention and treatment of diseases, pests and weeds; s17, harvesting at proper time; s2, a second-crop corn cultivation technology: S21, variety selection; s22, soil preparation; s23, fertilization is carried out; s24, ridging and film mulching are carried out; s25, sowing the seeds; s26, field management; S27, disease and pest control; and S28, harvesting. And S29, plastic film residue recovery. According to the one-year-two-cropping planting method for the early-maturing potatoes and the grain-feed dual-purpose corn in the loess hilly area in the eastern Gansu, the utilization structure of hydrothermal resources can be optimized, soil hydrothermal coupling is achieved, and the farmland productivity is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, and in particular to a method for planting early-maturing potatoes and corn for food and feed twice a year in the loess hilly area of ​​eastern Gansu. Background Art

[0002] The average annual precipitation in the Loess Hilly Region of Eastern Gansu Province is 600 mm, the average annual temperature is 10℃, the frost-free period is 180 days, and the effective accumulated temperature ≥10℃ is about 2800℃. The water and heat resources are rich, which can meet the water and heat needs of two crops a year. However, most local farmers adopt a planting system of one crop a year or three crops in two years, which makes the potential of regional natural resources not fully utilized. Based on this, it is very meaningful to develop a planting technology that can make full use of water and heat resources. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for planting early-maturing potatoes and corn for food and feed twice a year in the loess hilly area of ​​eastern Gansu.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides a method for planting early-maturing potatoes and dual-purpose corn for grain and feed twice a year in the loess hilly area of ​​eastern Gansu, which specifically comprises the following steps: S1: One-crop potato cultivation technology: S11: Site selection and land preparation: Select a plot with flat terrain, loose soil, good permeability, and rich organic matter content. The previous crop should be corn, beans, or wheat. After the previous crop is harvested, the waste plastic film and root stubble should be cleaned up in time to improve the efficiency of deep rotary tillage. S12: Fertilization, vertical deep rotation, ridging and film covering: before sowing in early March or before freezing in the previous year: S121: Fertilization: The base fertilizer is a combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer. The organic fertilizer is farmyard manure, which is evenly spread on the ground surface. The inorganic fertilizer is urea, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate, which are applied to the tillage belt through a fertilizer box accompanied by vertical deep rotary tillage and mixed evenly with the soil. S122: Vertical deep rotary tillage, ridge formation, and film covering: A tractor is used to pull a vertical deep rotary tillage machine for vertical deep rotary tillage. During tillage, the tractor moves forward at a constant speed and only performs vertical deep rotary tillage on the tillage belt, while the no-till belt is not tilled. Finally, a 100 cm wide belt is formed, of which the tillage belt has a ridge width of 60 cm and a height of 20 cm, and a small ditch in the middle of the ridge surface is 2-5 cm wide and 10 cm deep; the no-till belt is 40 cm wide; while tillage, film covering is performed, using a 120 cm wide, 0.010-0.012 mm thick black mulch film. The vertical deep rotary tillage machine is equipped with a mulch film punching device, and the mulch film has a water infiltration hole every 10-20 cm; after film covering, livestock are strictly prohibited from entering the land, and strong winds are prevented from blowing off the film; S13: Seed potato preparation: S131: Selection of fine seeds: Select early-maturing virus-free fine potato seeds with regular potato shapes, strong stress resistance, good commercial quality, and excellent quality. S132: Seed potato treatment: After the seed potatoes are taken out of the cellar, strictly select the seeds and remove rotten, diseased, insect-damaged, and injured potatoes; eliminate diseased potatoes when cutting the seed potatoes, and disinfect the cutting tools with 75% alcohol, 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, or boiling water; the quality of the cut seed potatoes is 30 - 50 g, and only 1 - 2 bud eyes are selected for each piece of seed potato. S14: Sowing at the appropriate time: Sow at the beginning of March when the temperature is stable above 5°C and the soil temperature at a depth of 10 cm reaches 5 - 7°C; when sowing, use a special potato dibbler to sow manually in a "pin" shape at a distance of 10 - 15 cm from the catchment ditch on the ridge top, with 2 rows planted on each ridge; put 1 - 2 pieces of seed potatoes in each hole, sow at a depth of 5 - 10 cm, and after covering the soil, gently step on it with your feet to make the seed potatoes in close contact with the soil, so as to prevent the sowing holes from becoming hard after rain and a large amount of moisture evaporation from affecting the emergence of seedlings. S15: Field management: S151: Seedling stage management: If it rains after sowing, hardening will form on the sowing holes, and it should be broken in time; if the newly emerged seedlings are misaligned with the sowing holes, the seedlings should be released in time; for plots with a seedling shortage exceeding 2 m, replanting should be carried out in time. S152: Mid-late stage management: Appropriate soil covering on the plastic film during the tuber swelling stage to reduce the temperature inside the ridge and create a cool soil environment for the swelling of potato tubers; apply root topdressing to plots lacking fertilizer; do not apply or apply less topdressing during drought, and increase the amount of topdressing appropriately when there is sufficient rain and good soil moisture. S16: Prevention and control of diseases, insects, and weeds: S161: Prevention and control of major diseases: Focus on agricultural control, select plots with good drainage for planting, and prevent waterlogging in the field after rain; select disease-free and disease-resistant virus-free seed potatoes; remove diseased plants in time; chemical control can be used when necessary. S162: Pest control: Dissolve 0.5 kg of 90% trichlorfon crystal in 1 kg of water, spray it on 35 kg of fine soil, and then spread the fine soil in the ditch to control white grubs; at the initial stage of aphid occurrence, 3 g of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder can be mixed with 60 kg of water for spraying control per 667 m 2 for prevention and control. S163: Chemical weeding: For plots with serious damage from scattered weeds, manual weeding can be carried out. S17: Harvest at the appropriate time: When the leaves in the field turn yellow at the end of June, select a sunny day with dry surface soil and harvest potatoes by machine or manually; before harvesting, kill the seedlings by machine or manually and remove the plastic film to avoid soil pollution; after the potato tubers are dug out, dry them for 3 - 5 h and then classify and bag them, while removing the soil on the potato tubers and picking out damaged and diseased and rotten potatoes. S2: Cultivation techniques for the second crop of corn: S21: Variety selection: Select early-maturing corn varieties suitable for both grain and forage use. S22: Land preparation: After a crop of potatoes is harvested, deep plowing should be carried out in time to kill the stubble, with a depth of 20-25 cm; S23: Fertilization: Apply inorganic fertilizers in combination with land preparation; S24: Ridge and film covering: mechanical ridge and film covering or artificial ridge and film covering are used; the large ridge formed is 70 cm wide and 10 cm high, and the small ridge is 40 cm wide and 15 cm high; the film is a white film with a width of 120 cm and a thickness of 0.010-0.012 mm; S25: Sowing: In early July, use a corn seeder to sow seeds in the furrows, 1 to 2 seeds per hole, and a sowing depth of 3 to 5 cm; S26: Field management: S261: Early management: If it rains after sowing, the sowing holes are prone to compaction. Use a shovel to break up the compaction and break the soil to attract seedlings. Check the seedlings 10 days after sowing. If missing seedlings or broken ridges are found, replant or transplant them in time. Thin out the seedlings when they have 2 to 3 leaves, remove diseased, weak and mixed seedlings, and transplant them when the seedlings have 4 to 5 leaves. Keep one strong seedling with consistent growth in each hole. Break off or cut off the tillers from the roots in time during the jointing period. S262: Management in the middle and late stages: Apply root topdressing to the fertilizer-deficient plots during the tasseling stage of corn; S27: Pest and disease control; S28: Harvest: In normal years, the kernels are harvested when they are ripe; harvested in late October or early November when the corn husks turn yellow, the kernels become hard, and the milk line disappears. The kernels are harvested and dried until the moisture content is less than 13% and then removed from storage; in years with abnormal climate, if the kernels are not ripe, the stalks are harvested for silage; mechanical harvesting, crushing, hauling, and silage are used to complete safe storage in one go; S29: Residual film recovery: After the second crop of corn is harvested, use a residual film recovery machine to promptly remove the old ground film or use manual film removal and picking methods to clean and recycle it.

[0005] Furthermore, in step S121, the amount of farmyard manure applied is 2000 kg / 667 m 2 ; The amount of inorganic fertilizer applied was pure N 10 kg / 667 m 2 , P2O5 4 kg / 667 m 2 , K2O5 kg / 667 m 2 , which is equivalent to 18.3 kg / 667m2 of urea fertilizer. 2 , diammonium phosphate 8.7 kg / 667 m 2 , Potassium sulfate 10.0 kg / 667 m 2 .

[0006] Furthermore, in step S122, the tractor power is greater than 40 horsepower; the tractor moves forward at a constant speed of 5-10 km / h, and the tillage depth is 35-40 cm.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S14, the sowing density is 33 cm between plants, and the seedlings are kept at 4000 plants / 667 m 2 .

[0008] Furthermore, in step S152, the topdressing is urea, and the amount of topdressing is 5 kg / 667 m 2 .

[0009] Furthermore, in step S23, the amount of inorganic fertilizer applied is pure N 12.0 kg / 667 m 2 , P2O54.0 kg / 667m 2 , K2O 4.0 kg / 667 m 2 , which is equivalent to 22.7 kg urea / 667 m 2 , diammonium phosphate 8.7 kg / 667 m 2 , Potassium sulfate 8.0 kg / 667 m 2 .

[0010] Furthermore, in step S25, the sowing density is 5000 plants / 667m 2 .

[0011] Furthermore, in step S262, the topdressing is urea topdressing, and the amount of topdressing is 5-7 kg / 667 m 2 .

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, by making full use of the biological characteristics of potatoes that they like low temperatures and consume less water, not only can the potatoes achieve their own full growth and development, but also sufficient soil moisture is retained for the double-cropped corn for seedling growth. The method of planting early-maturing potatoes and dual-purpose corn for grain and feed in the loess hilly area of ​​eastern Gansu Province of the present invention changes the traditional planting system of local farmers with one crop a year or three crops in two years into two crops a year, which can increase crop yields and farmers' net income. When the second crop of corn cannot mature due to abnormal climate years, the dual-purpose corn for grain and feed can also be used as silage as forage. The method of planting early-maturing potatoes and dual-purpose corn for grain and feed in the loess hilly area of ​​eastern Gansu Province of the present invention can optimize the utilization structure of water and heat resources, realize soil water and heat coupling, and significantly improve farmland productivity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0014] The instruments, reagents, materials, etc. involved in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional instruments, reagents, materials, etc. in the prior art and can be obtained through regular commercial channels. The experimental methods, detection methods, etc. involved in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional experimental methods, detection methods, etc. in the prior art.

[0015] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for planting early-maturing potatoes and dual-purpose corn for grain and feed twice a year in the Loess Hilly Region of Eastern Gansu Province, which specifically comprises the following steps: S1: One-crop potato cultivation technology: S11: Site selection and land preparation: Select a plot with flat terrain, loose soil, good permeability, and rich organic matter content. The previous crop should be corn, beans, or wheat. After the previous crop is harvested, the waste plastic film and root stubble should be cleaned up in time to improve the efficiency of deep rotary tillage. S12: Fertilization, vertical deep rotary tillage, ridging and film covering: This operation is carried out before sowing in early March. Fertilization, vertical deep rotary tillage, ridging and film covering are completed at one time using a vertical deep rotary tillage machine. This machine was jointly developed by the Dryland Agriculture Research Institute of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Dingxi Kunfeng Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. and has been authorized with a national utility model patent. S121: Fertilization: organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are used as base fertilizer, and farmyard manure is used as organic fertilizer, at a rate of 2000 kg / 667m 2 The amount of fertilizer was evenly spread on the ground surface; urea, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate were used as inorganic fertilizers, and the amount of fertilizer applied was pure N 10 kg / 667m 2 , P2O5 4 kg / 667 m 2 , K2O5 kg / 667 m 2 , which is equivalent to 18.3 kg urea / 667 m 2 , diammonium phosphate 8.7kg / 667 m 2 , Potassium sulfate 10.0 kg / 667 m 2 , applied into the tillage belt through the fertilizer box accompanied by vertical deep rotary tillage, and mixed evenly with the soil; S122: Vertical deep tillage, ridging, and film mulching: Use a tractor with a power of over 40 horsepower to tow a vertical deep tillage machine for vertical deep tillage. It is required that the tractor moves forward at a constant speed during tillage, with a speed of 5 km / h and a tillage depth of 35 cm. Only vertical deep tillage is carried out in the tillage zone, and no tillage is done in the no-tillage zone. Eventually, a bandwidth of 100 cm is formed, where the ridging width in the tillage zone is 60 cm, the height is 20 cm, the small ditch in the middle of the ridge surface is 2 cm wide and 10 cm deep; the no-tillage zone width is 40 cm; film mulching is carried out during tillage. Select a black plastic film with a width of 120 cm and a thickness of 0.010 mm. The vertical deep tillage machine is equipped with a film punching device, and there is a water infiltration hole every 10 cm on the laid plastic film; after film mulching, livestock are strictly prohibited from entering the field, and measures should be taken to prevent the film from being blown away by strong winds; S13: Seed potato preparation: S131: Selection of fine varieties: Combining the climate characteristics and natural conditions of the Loess Hilly Region in eastern Gansu, select the early-maturing potato virus-free fine variety Dutch No. 16 with regular potato shape, strong stress resistance, good commercial quality, and excellent quality; S132: Seed potato treatment: After the seed potatoes are taken out of the cellar, strictly select the seeds and remove rotten, diseased, insect-damaged, and damaged potatoes; when cutting the seed potatoes, eliminate diseased potatoes, and disinfect the cutting tools with 75% alcohol; the quality of the cut seed potatoes is 30 g, and only 1 bud eye is selected for each seed potato; S14: Sowing at the appropriate time: S141: Sowing time: Sow when the air temperature is stable above 5°C and the soil temperature at a depth of 10 cm reaches 5°C. Generally, early March is better in the Loess Hilly Region in eastern Gansu; S142: Sowing method: Use a special potato dibbler to sow manually in a "pin" shape 10 cm away from the catchment ditch on the ridge top. Plant 2 rows per ridge; place 1 seed potato block in each hole, sow at a depth of 5 cm, and after covering the soil, evenly step on it with your foot to make the seed potato block in close contact with the soil, so as to prevent the sowing hole from becoming compacted when it rains and a large amount of moisture evaporation from affecting the emergence of seedlings; S143: Rational close planting: In plots with poor water and fertilizer conditions, varieties with a long growth period should be planted thinly; in plots with sufficient water and fertilizer, varieties with a short growth period should be planted densely. In the Loess Hilly Region in eastern Gansu, the plant spacing is 33 cm, and the seedling retention is 4000 plants / 667 m 2 ; S15: Field management: S151: Seedling stage management: If it rains after sowing, a crust will form on the sowing hole, and it should be broken in time; if the newly emerged seedlings are misaligned with the sowing hole, the seedlings should be released in time; for plots with a seedling shortage exceeding 2 m, replanting should be carried out in time; S152: Mid-late stage management: During the tuber swelling stage, appropriately cover the soil on the plastic film to reduce the temperature in the ridge and create a cool soil environment to facilitate the swelling of potato tubers; for plots lacking fertilizer, top-dress at the roots, applying 5 kg of urea per 667 m 2 ; do not top-dress or top-dress less during drought, and appropriately increase the top-dressing amount when there is sufficient rain and good soil moisture; S16: Pest and disease control: S161: Prevention and control of major diseases: Common potato diseases include late blight, ring rot, scab, virus diseases, etc. Agricultural prevention and control is the main method for controlling diseases. Choose plots with good drainage to prevent water accumulation in the fields after rain; choose disease-free and disease-resistant virus-free seed potatoes; remove diseased plants in time when they are found; and use chemical prevention and control when necessary; S162: Pest control: Dissolve 0.5 kg of 90% trichlorfon crystals in 1 kg of water and spray on 35 kg of fine soil. Then spread the fine soil in the ditch to control white grubs. In the early stage of aphid outbreak, spray every 667 m 2 You can use 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 3 g mixed with 60 kg of water for spraying; S163: Chemical weeding: Since black mulch is used for potato planting, there are fewer weeds in the field. For plots where scattered weeds cause serious damage, manual weeding can be used; S17: Timely harvest: When the leaves in the field turn yellow at the end of June, choose a sunny day with dry soil to harvest potatoes mechanically or manually. Before harvesting, use mechanical or manual pruning and remove the mulch to avoid soil pollution. After digging out the potatoes, air them for 3 hours before sorting and bagging them. At the same time, remove the soil on the potatoes and pick out the damaged and diseased potatoes. S2: Second crop corn cultivation technology: S21: Variety selection: In the Loess Hilly Area of ​​Eastern Gansu, in order to ensure that corn matures and is harvested in normal years, and corn cannot mature in abnormal years and is harvested for silage, the early-maturing corn variety Kewo 028, which can be used for both grain and feed, is selected as the second corn crop; S22: Land preparation: After a crop of potatoes is harvested, deep plowing should be carried out in time to a depth of 20 cm; S23: Fertilization: Combined with land preparation, inorganic fertilizer was applied. The amount of inorganic fertilizer was pure N 12.0 kg / 667 m 2 , P2O54.0 kg / 667 m 2 , K2O 4.0 kg / 667 m 2 , which is equivalent to 22.7 kg urea / 667 m 2 , diammonium phosphate 8.7 kg / 667m 2 , Potassium sulfate 8.0 kg / 667 m 2 ; S24: Ridge and film covering: Mechanical ridge and film covering is used, and the film is a white film with a width of 120 cm and a thickness of 0.010 mm. Mechanical ridge and film covering: A corn double-ridge ridge and film covering machine is used to complete the ditching, ridge forming, film covering, soil covering, and film pressing at one time from the edge of the field. The large ridge formed is 70 cm wide and 10 cm high, and the small ridge is 40 cm wide and 15 cm high; S25: Seeding: S251: Sowing time: early July; S252: Seeding density: 5000 plants / 667m 2 ; S253: Sowing method: Use a corn seeder to sow seeds in holes in the furrows, sowing one seed per hole at a depth of 3 cm; S26: Field management: S261: Early management: If it rains after sowing, the sowing holes are prone to compaction. Use a shovel to break up the compaction and break the soil to attract seedlings. Check the seedlings 10 days after sowing. If missing seedlings or broken ridges are found, replant or transplant them in time. Thin out the seedlings when they have 2 leaves, remove diseased, weak and mixed seedlings, and transplant them when the seedlings have 4 leaves. Keep one strong seedling with consistent growth in each hole. Break off or cut off the tillers from the roots in time during the jointing stage. S262: Management in the middle and late stages: Apply root fertilizer to the fertilized plots during the tasseling stage of corn, every 667 m 2 Topdressing urea 5kg; S27: Pest and disease control: The main diseases of corn are corn smut and corn head smut, and the main insect pests are cutworms, corn borers, red spiders, aphids, etc. They should be properly controlled under the guidance of plant protection personnel; S28: Harvest: In normal years, the kernels are harvested when they are ripe; at the end of October, when the corn husks turn yellow, the kernels become hard, and the milk line disappears, the kernels are harvested and dried until the moisture content is less than 13% and then removed from storage; in years with abnormal climate, if the kernels are not ripe, the stalks are harvested for silage; mechanical harvesting, crushing, hauling, and silage are used to complete safe storage in one go; S29: Residual film recovery: After the second crop of corn is harvested, use a residual film recovery machine to promptly remove the old ground film.

[0016] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for planting early-maturing potatoes and dual-purpose corn for grain and feed twice a year in the Loess Hilly Region of Eastern Gansu Province, which specifically comprises the following steps: S1: One-crop potato cultivation technology: S11: Site selection and land preparation: Select a plot with flat terrain, loose soil, good permeability, and rich organic matter content. The previous crop should be corn, beans, or wheat. After the previous crop is harvested, the waste plastic film and root stubble should be cleaned up in time to improve the efficiency of deep rotary tillage. S12: Fertilization, vertical deep rotary tillage, ridging and film covering: This operation is carried out before sowing in early March. Fertilization, vertical deep rotary tillage, ridging and film covering are completed at one time using a vertical deep rotary tillage machine. This machine was jointly developed by the Dryland Agriculture Research Institute of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Dingxi Kunfeng Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. and has been authorized with a national utility model patent. S121: Fertilization: organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are used as base fertilizer, and farmyard manure is used as organic fertilizer, at a rate of 2000 kg / 667m 2The dosage is evenly spread on the ground surface; for inorganic fertilizers, urea, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate are selected, and the fertilization amount is 10 kg of pure N per 667 m 2 , 4 kg of P2O5 per 667 m 2 , 5 kg of K2O per 667 m 2 , which is converted into 18.3 kg of urea per 667 m 2 , 8.7 kg of diammonium phosphate per 667 m 2 , 10.0 kg of potassium sulfate per 667 m 2 , and is applied into the tillage zone through a fertilizer box along with vertical deep rotary tillage and mixed evenly with the soil; S122: Vertical deep rotary tillage, ridging and film mulching: Use a tractor with a power of more than 40 horsepower to tow a vertical deep rotary tiller for vertical deep rotary tillage. It is required that the tractor advances at a constant speed during tillage, with a speed of 8 km / h and a tillage depth of 38 cm. Only vertical deep rotary tillage is carried out in the tillage zone, and no tillage is carried out in the no-till zone. Finally, a bandwidth of 100 cm is formed, among which the ridging width in the tillage zone is 60 cm, the height is 20 cm, the small ditch width in the middle of the ridging surface is 3 cm, and the depth is 10 cm; the no-till zone width is 40 cm; During tillage, film mulching is carried out. Black plastic film with a width of 120 cm and a thickness of 0.011 mm is selected. The vertical deep rotary tiller is equipped with a plastic film punching device, and there is a water infiltration hole every 15 cm for the laid plastic film; After film mulching, livestock are strictly prohibited from entering the field, and the film is prevented from being blown off by strong winds; S13: Seed potato preparation: S131: Selection of fine varieties: Combining the climate characteristics and natural conditions of the Loess Hilly Region in eastern Gansu, select the early-maturing potato virus-free fine variety Dutch No. 16 with regular potato shape, strong stress resistance, good commerciality and excellent quality; S132: Seed potato treatment: After the seed potato blocks are taken out of the cellar, strictly select the seeds and remove the rotten, diseased, insect-damaged and injured potatoes; When cutting the seed potatoes, eliminate the diseased potatoes, and disinfect the cutting tools with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution; The quality of the cut seed potatoes is 40 g, and only 2 bud eyes are reserved for each seed potato block; S14: Sowing at the appropriate time: S141: Sowing time: Sow when the air temperature is stable above 5°C and the soil temperature at 10 cm reaches 6°C. Generally, early March is better in the Loess Hilly Region in eastern Gansu; S142: Sowing method: Manually sow in a "pin" shape with a special potato dibbler 12 cm away from the catchment ditch on the ridge top. Plant 2 rows per ridge; Put 2 seed potato blocks in each hole, sow at a depth of 8 cm, and evenly step on the soil after covering the soil to make the seed potato blocks in close contact with the soil to prevent the sowing holes from being compacted by rain and a large amount of moisture evaporation from affecting seedling emergence; S143: Rational close planting: In plots with poor water and fertilizer conditions, varieties with a long growth period should be planted thinly; In plots with sufficient water and fertilizer, varieties with a short growth period should be planted densely. In the Loess Hilly Region in eastern Gansu, the plant spacing is 33 cm, and the seedling retention is 4000 plants per 667 m2 ; S15: Field management: S151: Management during the seedling stage: If it rains after sowing, the sowing holes will be hardened and should be removed promptly; if the newly emerged seedlings are misaligned with the sowing holes, they should be planted promptly; plots with seedling shortages exceeding 2 m should be replanted promptly; S152: Management in the middle and late stages: During the tuber expansion period, cover the ground with soil appropriately to reduce the temperature in the ridge and create a cool soil environment to facilitate the expansion of potato tubers; apply root fertilizer to the fertilized plots, and apply urea at a rate of 5 kg / 667 m 2 ; Do not apply topdressing or apply less topdressing in drought, and appropriately increase the amount of topdressing when there is sufficient rain and good soil moisture conditions; S16: Pest and disease control: S161: Prevention and control of major diseases: Common potato diseases include late blight, ring rot, scab, virus diseases, etc. Agricultural prevention and control is the main method for controlling diseases. Choose plots with good drainage to prevent water accumulation in the fields after rain; choose disease-free and disease-resistant virus-free seed potatoes; remove diseased plants in time when they are found; and use chemical prevention and control when necessary; S162: Pest control: Dissolve 0.5 kg of 90% trichlorfon crystals in 1 kg of water and spray on 35 kg of fine soil. Then spread the fine soil in the ditch to control white grubs. In the early stage of aphid outbreak, spray every 667 m 2 You can use 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 3 g mixed with 60 kg of water for spraying; S163: Chemical weeding: Since black mulch is used for potato planting, there are fewer weeds in the field. For plots where scattered weeds cause serious damage, manual weeding can be used; S17: Timely harvest: When the leaves in the field turn yellow at the end of June, choose a sunny day with dry soil to harvest potatoes mechanically or manually. Before harvesting, use mechanical or manual pruning and remove the mulch to avoid soil pollution. After digging out the potatoes, air them for 4 hours before sorting and bagging them. At the same time, remove the soil on the potatoes and pick out the damaged and diseased potatoes. S2: Second crop corn cultivation technology: S21: Variety selection: In the Loess Hilly Area of ​​Eastern Gansu, in order to ensure that corn matures and is harvested in normal years, and corn cannot mature in abnormal years and is harvested for silage, the early-maturing corn variety Kewo 028, which can be used for both grain and feed, is selected as the second corn crop; S22: Land preparation: After a crop of potatoes is harvested, deep plowing is performed in time to kill the stubble, with a depth of 22 cm; S23: Fertilization: Combined with land preparation, inorganic fertilizer was applied. The amount of inorganic fertilizer was pure N 12.0 kg / 667 m 2 , P2O54.0 kg / 667 m 2 , K2O 4.0 kg / 667 m 2, which is equivalent to 22.7 kg urea / 667 m 2 , diammonium phosphate 8.7 kg / 667m 2 , Potassium sulfate 8.0 kg / 667 m 2 ; S24: Ridge and film covering: Mechanical ridge and film covering is used, and the film is a white film with a width of 120 cm and a thickness of 0.011 mm. Mechanical ridge and film covering: A corn double-ridge ridge and film covering machine is used to complete the ditching, ridge forming, film covering, soil covering, and film pressing at one time from the edge of the field. The large ridge formed is 70 cm wide and 10 cm high, and the small ridge is 40 cm wide and 15 cm high; S25: Seeding: S251: Sowing time: early July; S252: Seeding density: 5000 plants / 667m 2 ; S253: Sowing method: Use a corn seeder to sow seeds in holes in the furrows, 2 seeds per hole, 4 cm deep; S26: Field management: S261: Early management: If it rains after sowing, the sowing holes are prone to compaction. Use a shovel to break up the compaction and break the soil to attract seedlings. Check the seedlings 10 days after sowing. If missing seedlings or broken ridges are found, replant or transplant them in time. Thin out the seedlings when they have 2 leaves, remove diseased, weak and mixed seedlings, and transplant them when the seedlings have 4 leaves. Keep one strong seedling with consistent growth in each hole. Break off or cut off the tillers from the roots in time during the jointing stage. S262: Management in the middle and late stages: Apply root fertilizer to the fertilized plots during the tasseling stage of corn, every 667 m 2 Topdressing urea 8kg; S27: Pest and disease control: The main diseases of corn are corn smut and corn head smut, and the main insect pests are cutworms, corn borers, red spiders, aphids, etc. They should be properly controlled under the guidance of plant protection personnel; S28: Harvest: In normal years, the kernels are harvested when they are ripe; at the end of October, when the corn husks turn yellow, the kernels become hard, and the milk line disappears, the kernels are harvested and dried until the moisture content is less than 13% and then removed from storage; in years with abnormal climate, if the kernels are not ripe, the stalks are harvested for silage; mechanical harvesting, crushing, hauling, and silage are used to complete safe storage in one go; S29: Residual film recovery: After the second crop of corn is harvested, the old film is removed promptly by manual film removal.

[0017] Example 3 This embodiment provides a method for planting early-maturing potatoes and dual-purpose corn for grain and feed twice a year in the Loess Hilly Region of Eastern Gansu Province, which specifically comprises the following steps: S1: One-crop potato cultivation technology: S11: Site selection and land preparation: Select a plot with flat terrain, loose soil, good permeability, and rich organic matter content. The previous crop should be corn, beans, or wheat. After the previous crop is harvested, the waste plastic film and root stubble should be cleaned up in time to improve the efficiency of deep rotary tillage. S12: Fertilization, vertical deep rotary tillage, ridging and film covering: This operation is carried out before the freezing of the previous year. Fertilization, vertical deep rotary tillage, ridging and film covering are completed at one time using a vertical deep rotary tillage machine. This machine was jointly developed by the Dryland Agriculture Research Institute of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Dingxi Kunfeng Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. and has been authorized with a national utility model patent. S121: Fertilization: organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are used as base fertilizer, and farmyard manure is used as organic fertilizer, at a rate of 2000 kg / 667m 2 The amount of fertilizer was evenly spread on the ground surface; urea, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate were used as inorganic fertilizers, and the amount of fertilizer applied was pure N 10 kg / 667m 2 , P2O5 4 kg / 667 m 2 , K2O5 kg / 667 m 2 , which is equivalent to 18.3 kg urea / 667 m 2 , diammonium phosphate 8.7kg / 667 m 2 , Potassium sulfate 10.0 kg / 667 m 2 , applied into the tillage belt through the fertilizer box accompanied by vertical deep rotary tillage, and mixed evenly with the soil; S122: Vertical deep tillage, ridging, and film covering: Use a tractor with a power of more than 40 horsepower to pull a vertical deep tillage machine for vertical deep tillage. The tractor is required to move at a uniform speed of 10 km / h and a tillage depth of 40 cm. Only the tillage belt is vertically deep tilled, and the no-till belt is not tilled. Finally, a 100 cm belt width is formed, of which the tillage belt ridge is 60 cm wide and 20 cm high, and the small ditch in the middle of the ridge surface is 5 cm wide and 10 cm deep; the no-till belt is 40 cm wide; while tilling, film covering is performed, using a black ground film with a width of 120 cm and a thickness of 0.012 mm. The vertical deep tillage machine is equipped with a ground film punching device, and the laid ground film has a water infiltration hole every 20 cm; after film covering, livestock are strictly prohibited from entering the land, and strong winds are prevented from blowing off the film; S13: Seed potato preparation: S131: Improved variety selection: Based on the climate characteristics and natural conditions of the Loess Hilly Area in eastern Gansu, the early-maturing potato virus-free improved variety Xisen No. 6 with uniform potato shape, strong stress resistance, good commercial value and excellent quality was selected; S132: Seed potato processing: After the tubers are taken out of the cellar, they are strictly selected and rotten, diseased, insect-infested and injured tubers are removed; when cutting the seed potatoes, diseased tubers are removed and the knives are sterilized with boiling water; the weight of the seed potato blocks is 50 g, and only two buds are selected for each seed potato; S14: Sowing at the right time: S141: Sowing time: Sow when the air temperature is stable above 5°C and the soil temperature at a depth of 10 cm reaches 7°C. In the loess hilly region of eastern Gansu, early March is generally a good time. S142: Sowing method: Use a special potato dibbler to sow manually in a "pin" shape 15 cm away from the catchment ditch on the ridge top. Plant 2 rows per ridge; put 2 potato pieces in each hole, sow at a depth of 10 cm, and after covering the soil, gently step on it with your feet to make the potato pieces in close contact with the soil, so as to prevent the sowing holes from becoming hard after rain and a large amount of moisture evaporation from affecting seedling emergence. S143: Rational close planting: In plots with poor water and fertilizer conditions, varieties with a long growth period should be planted thinly; in plots with sufficient water and fertilizer, varieties with a short growth period should be planted densely. In the loess hilly region of eastern Gansu, the plant spacing is 33 cm, and the seedling retention is 4,000 plants per 667 m 2 ; S15: Field management: S151: Seedling stage management: If it rains after sowing, hardening will form on the sowing holes, and it should be broken in time; if the newly emerged seedlings are misaligned with the sowing holes, the seedlings should be released in time; in plots where the seedling shortage exceeds 2 m, replanting should be carried out in time. S152: Mid - and late - stage management: During the tuber swelling period, cover the plastic film with an appropriate amount of soil to reduce the temperature inside the ridge and create a cool soil environment to facilitate the swelling of potato tubers; for plots lacking fertilizer, top - dress the roots with 5 kg of urea per 667 m 2 ; Do not top - dress or top - dress less during drought, and increase the top - dressing amount appropriately when there is sufficient rain and good soil moisture. S16: Pest, disease and weed control: S161: Control of main diseases: Common potato diseases include late blight, ring rot, common scab, virus disease, etc. The diseases are mainly controlled by agricultural measures. Select plots with good drainage for planting to prevent waterlogging in the field after rain; select disease - free and disease - resistant virus - free potato seeds; remove diseased plants in time; chemical control can be used when necessary. S162: Pest control: Dissolve 0.5 kg of 90% trichlorfon crystal in 1 kg of water, spray it on 35 kg of fine soil, and then spread the fine soil in the ditch to control white grubs; at the initial stage of aphid occurrence, 3 g of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder can be mixed with 60 kg of water for spraying per 667 m 2 for control. S163: Chemical weeding: Since black plastic film is used for potato planting, there are fewer weeds in the field. For plots with serious damage from scattered weeds, manual weeding can be carried out. S17: Harvest at the right time: When the leaves in the field turn yellow at the end of June, choose a sunny day when the surface soil is dry, and harvest potatoes mechanically or manually; before harvesting, first kill the vines mechanically or manually and remove the plastic film to avoid soil pollution; after the potato tubers are dug out, dry them for 5 h and then classify and bag them, while removing the soil on the potato tubers and picking out damaged and diseased and rotten tubers. S2: Cultivation techniques for the second - crop corn: S21: Variety selection: In the Loess Hilly Area of ​​Eastern Gansu, in order to ensure that corn matures and is harvested in normal years, and corn cannot mature in abnormal years and is harvested for silage, the early-maturing corn variety Kewo 028, which can be used for both grain and feed, is selected as the second corn crop; S22: Land preparation: After a crop of potatoes is harvested, deep plowing should be carried out in time to kill the stubble, with a depth of 25 cm; S23: Fertilization: Combined with land preparation, inorganic fertilizer was applied. The amount of inorganic fertilizer was pure N 12.0 kg / 667 m 2 , P2O54.0 kg / 667 m 2 , K2O 4.0 kg / 667 m 2 , which is equivalent to 22.7 kg urea / 667 m 2 , diammonium phosphate 8.7 kg / 667m 2 , Potassium sulfate 8.0 kg / 667 m 2 ; S24: Ridge and film covering: Artificial ridge and film covering is adopted, and the ground film is selected as white ground film with a width of 120 cm and a thickness of 0.012 mm. Artificial ridge and film covering: draw a border line 35 cm away from the edge of the field, and use a row marker (large row tooth pitch 70 cm, small row tooth pitch 40 cm) to draw marks along the border line in the order of a small ridge and a large ridge, and use a ridger or a walking plow to dig furrows and ridges. The large ridge is 70 cm wide and 10 cm high, and the small ridge is 40 cm wide and 15 cm high. A shallow furrow of 5 cm is opened along the border line, and the ground film is unfolded. The side close to the border line is pressed in the shallow furrow with soil, and the other side is fixed in situ by taking soil from the edge of the film every 1 m along the ground film in the middle of the large ridge. The interface between the two ground films is in the middle of the large ridge, and the film interface is pressed tightly with ground film; S25: Seeding: S251: Sowing time: early July; S252: Seeding density: 5000 plants / 667m 2 ; S253: Sowing method: Use a corn seeder to sow seeds in holes in the furrows, 2 seeds per hole, 5 cm deep; S26: Field management: S261: Early management: If it rains after sowing, the sowing holes are prone to compaction. Use a shovel to break up the compaction and break the soil to attract seedlings. Check the seedlings 10 days after sowing. If missing seedlings or broken ridges are found, replant or transplant them in time. Thin out the seedlings when they have 3 leaves, remove diseased, weak and mixed seedlings, and transplant them when the seedlings have 5 leaves. Keep one strong seedling with consistent growth in each hole. Break off or cut off the tillers from the roots in time during the jointing period. S262: Management in the middle and late stages: Apply root fertilizer to the fertilized plots during the tasseling stage of corn, every 667 m 2 Topdressing urea 7kg; S27: Pest and disease control: The main diseases of corn are corn smut and corn head smut, and the main insect pests are cutworms, corn borers, red spiders, aphids, etc. They should be properly controlled under the guidance of plant protection personnel; S28: Harvest: In normal years, the kernels are harvested when they are ripe; in early November, when the corn husks turn yellow, the kernels become hard, and the milk line disappears, the kernels are harvested and dried until the moisture content is less than 13% before being removed from storage; in years with abnormal climate, if the kernels are not ripe, the stalks are harvested for silage; mechanical harvesting, crushing, hauling, and silage are used to complete safe storage in one go; S29: Residual film recovery: After the second crop of corn is harvested, the old film is cleaned and recovered by picking up.

[0018] Comparative Example 1 Farmers traditionally grow corn once a year.

[0019] Comparative Example 2 Farmer model: early-maturing potatoes-winter wheat-early-maturing corn in the second year.

[0020] Early-maturing potato and dual-purpose corn for grain and feed were planted twice a year according to the methods of the above Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2. After harvest, the yields of the first crop of potato and the second crop of corn were counted and the benefits were calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0021] Table 1

[0022] It can be seen from the results in Table 1 that in the double-cropping method of this embodiment, one crop of potatoes was sown in early March and harvested at the end of June, with a yield of 2200-2290 kg / 667 m 2 , the net benefit is 1820~1946 yuan / 667m 2 The second corn crop was planted in early July and harvested at the end of October, with a yield of 390-430 kg / 667m 2 , the net benefit is 69~173 yuan / 667m 2 The average net profit in the two seasons is 2011 yuan / 667m 2 Compared with the traditional one-year corn harvest, the income of farmers increased by nearly 800 yuan / 667m 2 Compared with farmers' three-cropping-in-two-year system, the average annual income is 1,050 yuan / 667m 2 It can be seen that the double-cropping method in one year of this embodiment can increase crop yield and net income of farmers.

[0023] In addition, the average annual precipitation in the Loess Hilly Region of Eastern Gansu Province is 600 mm, the average annual temperature is 10°C, the annual frost-free period is 180 days, and the effective accumulated temperature ≥10°C is about 2800°C. The water and heat resources are rich and can meet the water and heat needs of two crops a year. Studies have found that, on the one hand, compared with the soil moisture after harvest of winter wheat or early-maturing corn, the soil moisture content of the 0-40 cm soil layer in the early-maturing potato field increased by 18%-25%, and the leaf area index (LAI) of the jointing / rising period of the multiple cropping crop increased by 12%-31%. On the other hand, the temperature during potato sowing is about 8°C, and the soil temperature of the 0~25cm soil layer reaches about 15°C (covered with mulch), which is within the optimum temperature range for potato germination; the temperature during the flowering period (late May) is about 20°C, and the soil temperature is maintained at about 18°C, while the corresponding temperatures during the starch accumulation period (mid-June) are 23°C and 20°C, respectively, both of which are in the optimum temperature range for potatoes, and the effective accumulated temperature reaches 1080°C, which fully meets the heat demand for potato growth. The double-cropped corn was sown in early July. After the mulch was covered, the soil temperature of 0~25cm in the soil was about 25°C, the jointing period was about 30°C, the silking period was about 28°C, and the filling period was still maintained at about 22°C, which was basically in the optimum temperature range for corn growth, and the effective accumulated temperature reached 1400°C. It can be seen that the early-maturing potato-grain-feed dual-purpose corn two-crop planting technology of this embodiment can optimize the utilization structure of water and heat resources, realize soil water and heat coupling, and significantly improve farmland productivity.

[0024] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting early-maturing potatoes and dual-purpose corn for grain and feed in the hilly area of ​​eastern Gansu Province, characterized in that: Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1: Cultivation technology of one crop of potatoes: S11: Field selection and soil preparation: Select a plot with flat terrain, loose soil, good permeability, and rich organic matter content. It is better to have a previous crop of corn, beans, or wheat; after the previous crop is harvested, promptly clean up the waste plastic film and root stubbles to improve the efficiency of deep rotary tillage; S12: Fertilization, vertical deep rotary tillage, ridging, and film mulching: Conduct operations before sowing at the beginning of March or before the previous year's freezing: S121: Fertilization: For the base fertilizer, organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are applied in combination. Select farm manure as the organic fertilizer and evenly spread it on the ground surface; select urea, diammonium phosphate, and potassium sulfate as the inorganic fertilizers, and apply them into the tillage zone along with vertical deep rotary tillage through a fertilizer box, and mix them evenly with the soil; S122: Vertical deep rotary tillage, ridging, and film mulching: Use a tractor to tow a vertical deep rotary tiller for vertical deep rotary tillage. When tilling, the tractor moves forward at a constant speed, and only the tillage zone is vertically tilled, and the no-till zone is not tilled. Eventually, a bandwidth of 100 cm is formed, where the ridge width in the tillage zone is 60 cm and the height is 20 cm, and the small ditch in the middle of the ridge surface is 2 - 5 cm wide and 10 cm deep; the no-till bandwidth is 40 cm; during tillage, film mulching is carried out simultaneously. Select a black plastic film with a width of 120 cm and a thickness of 0.010 - 0.012 mm. The vertical deep rotary tiller is equipped with a plastic film punching device, and there is a water infiltration hole every 10 - 20 cm on the laid plastic film; after film mulching, livestock are strictly prohibited from entering the field, and measures should be taken to prevent the plastic film from being blown away by strong winds; S13: Seed potato preparation: S131: Selection of fine seeds: Select early-maturing potato virus-free fine seeds with regular tuber shapes, strong stress resistance, good commerciality, and excellent quality; S132: Treatment of seed potatoes: After the potato tubers are taken out of the cellar, strictly select the seeds and eliminate rotten, diseased, insect-damaged, and injured tubers; when cutting the seed potatoes, eliminate diseased tubers, and disinfect the cutting tools with 75% alcohol, 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, or boiling water; the quality of the cut seed potatoes is 30 - 50 g, and only 1 - 2 bud eyes are selected for each piece of seed potato; S14: Sowing at the appropriate time: At the beginning of March, when the temperature is stable above 5°C and the soil temperature at a depth of 10 cm reaches 5 - 7°C, sowing is carried out; when sowing, use a special potato dibbler to manually sow in a "pin" shape at a distance of 10 - 15 cm from the catchment ditch on the ridge top, and plant 2 rows per ridge; put 1 - 2 potato tubers in each hole, and the sowing depth is 5 - 10 cm. After covering the soil, evenly step on it with feet to make the potato tubers in close contact with the soil, so as to prevent the sowing holes from becoming compacted when it rains and a large amount of soil moisture evaporation from affecting the emergence of seedlings; S15: Field management: S151: Seedling stage management: If it rains after sowing, a crust will form on the sowing holes, and it should be promptly broken; if the newly emerged seedlings are misaligned with the sowing holes, the seedlings should be promptly released; for plots with a seedling shortage exceeding 2 m, replanting should be carried out in a timely manner; S152: Mid-late stage management: During the tuber swelling stage, appropriately cover the soil on the plastic film to reduce the temperature inside the ridge and create a cool soil environment to facilitate the swelling of potato tubers; for plots lacking fertilizer, topdress at the roots; when it is dry, do not topdress or topdress less, and when there is sufficient rain and good soil moisture, appropriately increase the amount of topdressing; S16: Prevention and control of diseases, insects, and weeds: S161: Prevention and control of major diseases: mainly agricultural prevention and control, select well-drained plots for planting, and prevent water accumulation in the fields after rain; select disease-free and disease-resistant virus-free seed potatoes; remove diseased plants in time when they are found; chemical prevention and control can be used when necessary; S162: Pest control: Dissolve 0.5 kg of 90% trichlorfon crystals in 1 kg of water and spray on 35 kg of fine soil. Then spread the fine soil in the ditch to control white grubs. In the early stage of aphid outbreak, spray every 667 m 2 You can use 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 3 g mixed with 60 kg of water for spraying; S163: Chemical weed control: For plots where sporadic weeds are seriously harmful, manual weeding can be used; S17: Timely harvest: When the leaves in the field turn yellow at the end of June, choose a sunny day with dry soil to harvest potatoes mechanically or manually. Before harvesting, use mechanical or manual pruning and remove the mulch to avoid soil contamination. After digging out the potatoes, air them for 3-5 hours before sorting and bagging them. At the same time, remove the soil on the potatoes and pick out the damaged and diseased potatoes. S2: Second crop corn cultivation technology: S21: Variety selection: Choose early-maturing corn varieties for both grain and feed use; S22: Land preparation: After a crop of potatoes is harvested, deep plowing should be carried out in time to kill the stubble, with a depth of 20-25 cm; S23: Fertilization: Apply inorganic fertilizers in combination with land preparation; S24: Ridge and film covering: mechanical ridge and film covering or artificial ridge and film covering are used; the large ridge formed is 70 cm wide and 10 cm high, and the small ridge is 40 cm wide and 15 cm high; the film is a white film with a width of 120 cm and a thickness of 0.010-0.012 mm; S25: Sowing: In early July, use a corn seeder to sow seeds in the furrows, 1 to 2 seeds per hole, and a sowing depth of 3 to 5 cm; S26: Field management: S261: Early management: If it rains after sowing, the sowing holes are prone to compaction. Use a shovel to break up the compaction and break the soil to attract seedlings. Check the seedlings 10 days after sowing. If missing seedlings or broken ridges are found, replant or transplant them in time. Thin out the seedlings when they have 2 to 3 leaves, remove diseased, weak and mixed seedlings, and transplant them when the seedlings have 4 to 5 leaves. Keep one strong seedling with consistent growth in each hole. Break off or cut off the tillers from the roots in time during the jointing period. S262: Management in the middle and late stages: Apply root topdressing to the fertilizer-deficient plots during the tasseling stage of corn; S27: Pest and disease control; S28: Harvest: In normal years, the kernels are harvested when they are ripe; harvested in late October or early November when the corn husks turn yellow, the kernels become hard, and the milk line disappears. The kernels are harvested and dried until the moisture content is less than 13% and then removed from storage; in years with abnormal climate, if the kernels are not ripe, the stalks are harvested for silage; mechanical harvesting, crushing, hauling, and silage are used to complete safe storage in one go; S29: Residual film recovery: After the second crop of corn is harvested, use a residual film recovery machine to promptly remove the old ground film or use manual film removal and picking methods to clean and recycle it.

2. The method for planting early-maturing potatoes and dual-purpose corn for grain and feed in the hilly area of ​​eastern Gansu Province according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S121, the amount of farmyard manure applied is 2000 kg / 667 m 2 ; The amount of inorganic fertilizer applied was pure N 10 kg / 667 m 2 , P2O5 4 kg / 667 m 2 , K2O5 kg / 667 m 2 , which is equivalent to 18.3 kg / 667m2 of urea fertilizer. 2 , diammonium phosphate 8.7 kg / 667 m 2 , Potassium sulfate 10.0 kg / 667 m 2 .

3. The method for planting early-maturing potatoes and dual-purpose corn for grain and feed in the hilly area of ​​eastern Gansu Province according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S122, the tractor power is greater than 40 horsepower; the tractor moves forward at a constant speed of 5-10 km / h, and the tillage depth is 35-40 cm.

4. The method for planting early-maturing potatoes and dual-purpose corn for grain and feed in the hilly area of ​​eastern Gansu Province according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S14, the sowing density is 33 cm between plants, and 4000 seedlings / 667 m 2 .

5. The method for planting early-maturing potatoes and dual-purpose corn for grain and feed in the hilly area of ​​eastern Gansu Province according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S152, topdressing is urea, and the amount of topdressing is 5 kg / 667 m 2 .

6. The method for planting early-maturing potatoes and dual-purpose corn for grain and feed in the hilly area of ​​eastern Gansu Province according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S23, the amount of inorganic fertilizer applied is pure N 12.0 kg / 667 m 2 , P2O54.0 kg / 667 m 2 , K2O 4.0 kg / 667 m 2 , which is equivalent to 22.7 kg urea / 667 m 2 , diammonium phosphate 8.7 kg / 667m 2 , Potassium sulfate 8.0 kg / 667 m 2 .

7. The method for planting early-maturing potatoes and dual-purpose corn for grain and feed in the hilly area of ​​eastern Gansu Province according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S25, the sowing density is 5000 plants / 667m 2 .

8. The method for planting early-maturing potatoes and dual-purpose corn for grain and feed in the hilly area of ​​eastern Gansu Province according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S262, topdressing is urea, and the amount of topdressing is 5-7 kg / 667 m 2 .

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