A prefabricated outer side formwork truss structure for immersed tubes

Abstract

A prefabricated outer side formwork truss structure for immersed tubes includes a truss body and a longitudinal connection assembly. The truss body includes an inner chord of the body, an outer chord of the body, a horizontal web of the body and an oblique web of the body. The inner chord of the body is welded with two reinforcing ribs. The upper and lower sides of the reinforcing ribs are respectively welded to the inner ends of two adjacent oblique webs of the body. The reinforcing ribs are welded to the inner ends of a corresponding horizontal web of the body, and the two reinforcing ribs are connected to steel tie rods. In the embodiment of the present invention, the steel tie rods are connected to the reinforcing ribs installed on the inner chord of the body. The reinforcing ribs connect two oblique webs of the body and one horizontal web of the body, shortening the force transmission path and preventing the web from being compressed and instable. The webs are connected on both sides of the reinforcing ribs as anchor points of the steel tie rods to reduce the span, reduce the local bending moment, and use a small amount of steel. The side formwork truss structure bears the steel bar system conversion load generated by the top truss and can withstand the concrete side pressure, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the number of steel tie rods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of immersed tube tunnels, and in particular relates to an immersed tube prefabricated tensioned outer side formwork truss structure. Background Art

[0002] As an important underwater transportation engineering structure, immersed tube tunnels are widely used in tunnel construction across water areas such as rivers, lakes, and straits. Existing immersed tube tunnel construction technology is usually completed by combining prefabrication and sinking. The key step is to prefabricate multiple sections of immersed tubes in a dry dock and then sink them to the bottom of the water to complete the installation. The core of the prefabrication process is to cast reinforced concrete into immersed tube units of specific shapes and sizes through a mold stand device. The mold stand device is mainly composed of an inner mold stand and an outer mold stand, in which the inner mold stand is installed with an inner mold, and the outer mold stand is installed with an outer mold. The space between the inner and outer molds is used to tie steel bars and pour concrete.

[0003] The mold stand device includes an inner mold stand and an outer mold stand, the inner mold stand and the outer mold stand are respectively installed with an inner mold plate and an outer mold plate, the outer mold stand includes two side trusses located on both sides, and a top truss spanning the space between the two side trusses and having two ends respectively connected to the top ends of the two side trusses, and the outer mold plates are respectively installed on the inner sides of the two side trusses.

[0004] At present, the requirements for the traffic capacity of immersed tube tunnels are getting higher and higher, and the cross-sectional dimensions of immersed tube tunnels are getting larger and larger, which leads to an increase in the amount of precast concrete and steel bars in the top slab. In addition, in order to improve the precast efficiency, the top slab steel bars are usually required to be suspended and fixed on the top truss of the outer formwork during the construction process, so as to complete the conversion of the support system and ensure that the inner formwork trolley can smoothly enter the steel cage. The ordinary steel outer formwork system is difficult to provide such a large support force, and the use of an outer formwork gantry structure becomes necessary.

[0005] In the prefabrication process of immersed tube tunnels, due to the existing buildings around the construction site, the dry dock space is limited, and external support structures such as diagonal braces cannot be installed on the outside of the bottom of the side trusses to enhance their ability to resist lateral loads. In order to solve this problem, the existing technology usually uses steel tie rods to support the side trusses laterally through the tension between the inner and outer formworks, so that they remain stable under the concrete load.

[0006] During construction, when concrete is poured into the space between the inner and outer formwork, the formwork will bear lateral loads from the concrete. For the inner formwork gantry, the loads on the inner formwork on both sides are in opposite directions, and the loads offset each other, so the stability of the inner formwork gantry will not be significantly affected. However, for the outer formwork gantry, the concrete load will push the outer formwork outward, thereby pushing the side trusses outward. The outer formwork gantry must maintain sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand this lateral force to ensure the safety of the prefabrication process and the quality of the immersed tube.

[0007] The existing technology mainly adopts the following two methods to deal with the lateral force problem in the construction of large-section immersed tube tunnels: increasing the number of steel tie rods and strengthening the side truss structure. Although these two methods improve the stability of the side trusses to a certain extent, they also have the following significant defects:

[0008] 1. To increase the number of steel tie rods:

[0009] After prefabrication, the steel tie rods need to be removed, leaving holes on the immersed tubes. These holes must be sealed before the immersed tubes are installed underwater to ensure the sealing performance of the immersed tubes. As the number of steel tie rods increases, the number of holes also increases exponentially, and the sealing operation becomes more complicated and time-consuming. Fluctuations in the quality of the sealing may lead to the risk of underwater leakage, increase maintenance difficulties and safety hazards.

[0010] The top-to-top tension structure of the formwork affects the working space during construction, seriously affecting the construction efficiency.

[0011] The steel tie rods need to be inserted between the steel cage and the truss body. As the number of steel tie rods increases, the insertion process becomes complicated and easily interfered by the arrangement of steel bars, which increases the difficulty of construction. In addition, the excessive arrangement of steel tie rods will also occupy the arrangement space of the steel cage, causing inconvenience to the steel bar binding operation.

[0012] The increase in holes not only increases the difficulty of plugging, but may also weaken the overall strength and durability of the immersed tube prefabricated section. Especially in the long-term underwater stress environment, the hole plugging area becomes a potential weak point, which may affect the long-term stability of the immersed tube.

[0013] The material and labor costs for the manufacture, installation and removal of steel tie rods, as well as the sealing of holes, have increased significantly, resulting in an increase in construction costs. This cost will be further increased when applied on a large scale.

[0014] 2. For strengthening the side truss structure:

[0015] The side truss is composed of a plurality of truss bodies arranged longitudinally and connected to each other. If the steel tie rod is connected to the chord rod inside the truss body, since the concentrated load of the steel tie rod is the largest, in order to prevent the chord rod from being deformed and damaged due to excessive load, the chord rod needs to be thickened, which increases the weight of the mold stand and the space occupied. In addition, the inner chord rod needs to be connected to the fixed outer template, which makes the bolts connecting the outer template longer, which not only increases the cost, but also because the outer template itself is heavy, the longer bolts are more likely to break when bearing the weight of the outer template.

[0016] Due to the arrangement of steel bars in the steel cage, the steel tie rod needs to pass through the steel bars, which makes it difficult to align with the truss body, and a single truss body cannot bear the entire load of the steel tie rod. In order to facilitate the installation of the steel tie rod and enable multiple truss bodies to share the load, the original steel tie rod scheme generally provides a through beam on the side truss that longitudinally connects the truss bodies, and the steel tie rod is installed on the through beam, so that the load is dispersed to each truss body through the through beam. However, the substantial increase in load caused by various factors will lead to insufficient strength of the through beam itself, so that the through beam needs to adopt a thicker structure. The inner side of the side form truss needs to be connected to the outer formwork 7 and has a connection structure with the adjacent truss body, so there is very little installation space. For this reason, the through beam needs to be installed on the chord on the outside of the truss body, resulting in the concentrated load on the steel tie rod being first transmitted to the outer chord through the through beam, and then dispersed inwardly to the inner chord through the straight web and the diagonal web, and balanced with the side pressure of the concrete. The force transmission path is too long, which can easily lead to compressive instability of the web, and the distance between the connection point of the steel tie rod on the through beam and the truss body forms a force arm, which increases the load that the chord on the outside of the truss body needs to bear, so that the chord of the truss body also needs to be thickened.

[0017] The thickening of the main chords of the truss and the through beams has greatly increased the overall dimensions of the outer formwork gantry, which not only increases the weight of the structure and increases the cost of the mold, making the outer formwork gantry difficult to use in a dry dock with a small space and requiring prefabricated large-section immersed tubes, but also places higher requirements on the bearing capacity of the dry dock foundation and lifting equipment, which may lead to additional equipment investment and site renovation costs. Summary of the invention

[0018] In view of the shortcomings existing in the related art, the present invention provides a truss structure for the outer side formwork of the prefabricated immersed tube to solve the problems of difficulty in sealing holes and increase in external dimensions caused by the need to improve the stability of the side trusses during the current prefabrication of large-section immersed tubes.

[0019] The present invention provides a prefabricated immersed tube tension outer side formwork truss structure, comprising:

[0020] A truss body, with a plurality of truss bodies arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction;

[0021] A longitudinal connection component is provided between two adjacent truss bodies, and the longitudinal connection component is welded to the two truss bodies;

[0022] The truss body includes:

[0023] The main body inner chord is arranged vertically on the inner side;

[0024] The main body outer chord is arranged vertically on the outside;

[0025] The main body horizontal web member has its inner and outer ends welded to the main body inner chord and the main body outer chord respectively, and multiple of them are installed at intervals from top to bottom;

[0026] The main body diagonal web members are arranged obliquely, and there are main body diagonal web members between adjacent main body horizontal web members. The two ends of the main body diagonal web members are respectively welded to the main body inner chord and the main body outer chord, and the main body diagonal web members are arranged in a wave shape from top to bottom;

[0027] Reinforced ribs and the main body inner chord are welded with two reinforcing ribs, which are aligned in the longitudinal direction. The upper and lower sides of the reinforcing ribs are respectively welded to the inner ends of two adjacent main body diagonal web members, and the reinforcing ribs are welded to the inner end of a corresponding main body horizontal web member. The two reinforcing ribs are connected to steel tie rods to align the truss body with the annular main reinforcement of the immersed tube steel cage in the transverse direction. The reinforcing ribs bear the load of the steel tie rods and transfer it to the main body inner chord through two welded main body diagonal web members and one main body horizontal web member.

[0028] In some embodiments, the longitudinal connection assembly includes:

[0029] Connecting horizontal web members, connecting horizontal web members are welded between two main body inner chord members and between two main body outer chord members of adjacent truss main bodies, and connecting horizontal web members are correspondingly welded to the main body horizontal web members;

[0030] Connecting diagonal web members, two connecting horizontal web members located in the same horizontal plane are welded with connecting diagonal web members, two connecting diagonal web members are arranged between two longitudinally adjacent reinforcing ribs, and the two connecting diagonal web members are cross-arranged, and the connecting horizontal web members, the connecting diagonal web members and the main body horizontal web members constitute a longitudinal horizontal connecting truss.

[0031] In some of the embodiments, the invention further comprises a walking-type travelling mechanism installed between two connected horizontal web bars at the bottom end, and a plurality of walking-type travelling mechanisms are installed at intervals along the longitudinal direction;

[0032] The space between adjacent truss bodies is the connection space, which is divided into reinforced connection space and non-reinforced connection space. The reinforced connection space and the non-reinforced connection space are arranged alternately in the longitudinal direction;

[0033] The longitudinal connection assembly further includes a supporting diagonal web member, and each of the reinforced connection spaces has a plurality of supporting diagonal web members, the two ends of the supporting diagonal web members are respectively connected to two upper and lower adjacent connecting horizontal web members, and the supporting diagonal web members are cross-arranged in pairs;

[0034] The walking travel mechanisms are all located in the non-reinforced connection space.

[0035] In some embodiments, the reinforcing ribs on the same main body outer chord are respectively a first reinforcing rib and a second reinforcing rib located below the first reinforcing rib, and both sides of the second reinforcing rib in the longitudinal direction are welded to supporting diagonal web bars.

[0036] In some of the embodiments, two crossed supporting diagonal web members are arranged in a plurality of groups at intervals in the vertical direction in the reinforced connection space.

[0037] In some embodiments, the first reinforcing rib is connected to a supporting diagonal web bar on only one side.

[0038] In some of these embodiments, the walking travel mechanism includes a longitudinal movement component and a lifting component;

[0039] The longitudinal movement assembly includes a longitudinal movement guide rail, a longitudinal movement support frame and a longitudinal movement oil cylinder. The longitudinal movement guide rail is placed longitudinally on the ground, the longitudinal movement support frame is slidably installed on the longitudinal movement guide rail, and the longitudinal movement oil cylinder is installed on the longitudinal movement guide rail and pushes and pulls the longitudinal movement support frame to slide;

[0040] The jacking assembly includes a jacking support frame and a jacking cylinder. The jacking support frame is installed between two corresponding connected horizontal webs. The jacking cylinder is installed on the longitudinal support frame and pushes and pulls the jacking support frame to perform lifting and lowering.

[0041] In some embodiments, the steel tie rod comprises:

[0042] Tension bolts,

[0043] There are two conical nuts, which are threadedly mounted on both ends of the tension bolts, and the two conical nuts are respectively attached inwardly and outwardly to the inner template and the outer template;

[0044] A connecting screw, one end of which passes through the reinforcing rib and the outer template and is threadedly connected to the corresponding conical nut;

[0045] A connecting nut is threadedly connected to the other end of the connecting screw and is pressed and fixed on the reinforcing rib plate.

[0046] In some of these embodiments, further comprising a top through beam;

[0047] The truss body further includes a main body end web member, the two ends of which are respectively welded to the top of the main body inner chord member and the top of the main body outer chord member, the top through beam is longitudinally arranged, and each main body end web member is welded in sequence;

[0048] Two main body oblique web members are welded between the main body end web member and the adjacent main body horizontal web member below. Top ends of the two main body oblique web members are welded to the main body end web member and are vertically aligned with the top through beam.

[0049] In some of the embodiments, two main body oblique web members are provided between the bottom main body horizontal web member and the upper adjacent main body horizontal web member, and the two main body oblique web members are cross-arranged.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: in the embodiment of the present invention, the steel tie rod is connected to the reinforcing rib plate installed on the main body inner chord rod, the reinforcing rib plate connects two main body diagonal web members and one main body horizontal web member, and at the same time, the rear ends of the three web members are all connected to the main body outer chord rod, and the connection points on the main body outer chord rod are arranged in an upper, middle and lower distribution, the concentrated load of the steel tie rod is directly transmitted to the main body inner chord rod through the reinforcing rib plate, and at the same time, it is dispersedly transmitted to the main body inner chord rod through the three connected web members, and then transmitted inwardly from the main body inner chord rod through other web members back to the main body inner chord rod, thereby balancing the side pressure of the concrete, shortening the force transmission path, and avoiding the web member from being compressed and instable; the reinforcing rib plates on both sides of the steel tie rod anchor point are directly connected to the web members The side form truss structure can bear the steel bar system conversion load generated by the upper large-span top truss, and can use its truss body to bear the concrete lateral pressure, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the number of steel bars, and solving the problem of difficulty in hole sealing and increased external dimensions caused by the current prefabrication of large-section immersed tubes in order to improve the stability of the side trusses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0052] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the outer side template truss structure of the immersed tube prefabrication of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0053] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure of the outer side template truss structure of the immersed tube prefabrication of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0054] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure of the outer side template truss structure of the immersed tube prefabrication of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0055] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the longitudinal and horizontal connection truss structure in the immersed tube prefabricated tension outer template truss structure of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a walking-type traveling mechanism in the immersed tube prefabrication tension outer side formwork truss structure of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the steel tie rods in the truss structure of the outer side template of the prefabricated immersed tube of the present invention;

[0058] In the figure:

[0059] 1. Truss body; 11. Inner chord of the body; 12. Outer chord of the body; 13. Horizontal web of the body; 14. Diagonal web of the body; 15. Reinforced ribs; 15A. First reinforced rib; 15B. Second reinforced rib; 16. End web of the body;

[0060] 2. Longitudinal connection assembly; 21. Connect horizontal web members; 22. Connect diagonal web members; 23. Support diagonal web members;

[0061] 3. Steel tie rod; 31. Tension bolt; 32. Conical nut; 33. Connecting screw; 34. Connecting nut;

[0062] 4. Walking travel mechanism; 41. Longitudinal guide rail; 42. Longitudinal support frame; 43. Longitudinal cylinder; 44. Lifting support frame; 45. Lifting cylinder;

[0063] 51. Reinforced connection space; 52. Non-reinforced connection space; 6. Top through beam; 7. External formwork; 8. Internal formwork. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0066] The terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0067] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0068] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in a schematic embodiment of an immersed tube prefabricated outer side formwork truss structure of the present invention, the immersed tube prefabricated outer side formwork truss structure includes a truss body 1 and a longitudinal connection component 2.

[0069] Multiple truss bodies 1 are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction, and there is a longitudinal connection component 2 between each adjacent truss body 1. The longitudinal connection component 2 is welded to the two adjacent truss bodies 1, that is, the two adjacent truss bodies 1 are welded to each other through a corresponding longitudinal connection component 2.

[0070] The truss body 1 comprises a main body inner chord 11, a main body outer chord 12, a main body horizontal web member 13 and a main body diagonal web member 14. The main body inner chord 11 and the main body outer chord 12 are both arranged vertically and are located on the inner side and the outer side, respectively. The main body horizontal web member 13 is arranged horizontally, and its inner and outer ends are respectively welded to the main body inner chord 11 and the main body outer chord 12, and a plurality of them are installed at intervals from top to bottom. The main body diagonal web members 14 are inclined relative to the horizontal plane, and there are main body diagonal web members 14 between adjacent main body horizontal web members 13. The two ends of the main body diagonal web members 14 are respectively welded to the main body inner chord 11 and the main body outer chord 12, and the main body diagonal web members 14 are arranged in a wave shape from top to bottom, that is, when the bottom end of one main body diagonal web member 14 is welded to the inner main body inner chord 11, the top end of another main body diagonal web member 14 below is also welded to the inner main body inner chord 11; when the bottom end of one main body diagonal web member 14 is welded to the outer main body outer chord 12, the top end of another main body diagonal web member 14 below is also welded to the inner main body inner chord 11.

[0071] The chords 11 inside the main body are welded and connected with two reinforcing ribs 15. The reinforcing ribs 15 are aligned in the longitudinal direction, that is, for each reinforcing rib 15 at the upper part of each truss body 1, they are at the same height position and aligned on the same longitudinal straight line; similarly, for each other reinforcing rib 15 at the lower part of each truss body 1, they are at the same height position and aligned on the same longitudinal straight line. The outer chord 12 of the main body adopts H-shaped steel, and its web can be aligned with the steel tie rod to better transfer the load laterally; the inner chord 11 of the main body adopts back-buckled double-channel steel, which is directly welded on both sides of the horizontal web 13 of the main body, and clamps the welded reinforcing ribs 15, so that the concentrated load of the steel tie rod can be quickly dispersed to the two channel steel structures first, and then dispersed by the two channel steel structures to the horizontal web 13 of the main body and the two diagonal webs 14 of the main body, further dispersing the transfer of the load.

[0072] The upper and lower sides of the reinforcing rib 15 are respectively welded to the inner ends of two adjacent main body diagonal web members 14, and the reinforcing rib 15 is welded to the inner end of a corresponding main body horizontal web member 13. Both reinforcing ribs 15 are connected to the steel tie rod 3, and the reinforcing rib 15 bears the load of the steel tie rod 3 and transmits it to the main body inner chord 11 through the two welded main body diagonal web members 14 and one main body horizontal web member 13.

[0073] The pressure generated by the poured concrete acts on the outer formwork 7, pushing it outward; when the support system is converted, the load of the top plate steel bars is transmitted to the top truss through the steel cable, so that the bending moment generated on the top truss acts on the connected side trusses, forming a downward pressure on the side trusses and a push outward. The above two pressures act in the horizontal direction, so that the steel tie rod 3 connecting the inner and outer formworks 7 in the horizontal direction bears two superimposed and relatively concentrated loads. The concentrated load of the steel tie rod 3 is directly transmitted to the main body inner chord 11 through the reinforcing ribs 15, and at the same time, it is dispersedly transmitted to the main body inner chord 11 through the three connected webs, and then transmitted inward from the main body inner chord 11 through other webs to the main body inner chord 11, thereby balancing the concrete side pressure, shortening the force transmission path, and avoiding the webs from being compressed and unstable.

[0074] The spacing between adjacent truss bodies 1 is arranged according to the multiples of the spacing between adjacent annular main reinforcements in the immersed tube steel cage, thereby ensuring that each truss body 1 can be simultaneously aligned with each corresponding annular main reinforcement in the transverse direction, and the reinforcing ribs 15 can accurately connect the steel tie rods 3 extending from the annular main reinforcements, thereby achieving a short-path transfer of the concentrated load of the steel tie rods 3 to the side form truss.

[0075] In the above-mentioned schematic embodiment, the immersed tube prefabricated outer side formwork truss structure connects the steel tie rod 3 to the reinforcing rib 15 installed on the chord 11 inside the main body, and the reinforcing rib 15 connects two main body diagonal web members 14 and one main body horizontal web member 13, shortening the force transmission path and avoiding the web member from being compressed and instable; the reinforcing rib 15 serving as the anchor point of the steel tie rod 3 is directly connected to the web member on both sides, reducing the span of the chord under the action of concentrated load and reducing the local bending moment caused by concentrated load, thereby reducing the strength requirement of the chord, so that the chord can use a smaller amount of steel, without The rigidity of the side trusses is utilized to reduce the number of steel tie rods 3, so that when only two steel tie rods 3 are provided, the truss main body 1 can be stably supported without being thickened, and fewer holes are generated on the immersed tube after prefabrication. The side form truss structure can bear the steel bar system conversion load generated by the upper large-span top truss, and can use its truss main body 1 to withstand the concrete lateral pressure, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the number of steel tie rods 3, solving the problems of difficulty in sealing holes and increased external dimensions caused by the need to improve the stability of the side trusses during the current prefabrication of large-section immersed tubes.

[0076] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the longitudinal connection assembly 2 includes a connecting horizontal web member 21 and a connecting diagonal web member 22 .

[0077] For any two adjacent truss bodies 1, the two inner chord bars 11 of the longitudinally aligned main bodies and the two outer chord bars 12 of the main bodies are welded and connected with connecting horizontal web members 21, so that the two adjacent truss bodies 1 are welded and connected through multiple longitudinally arranged connecting horizontal web members 21, and multiple rectangular frame structures consisting of two inner and outer connecting horizontal web members 21 and two longitudinal main body horizontal web members 13 are formed from top to bottom between the two adjacent truss bodies 1. The main body horizontal web members 13 are welded and connected with connecting horizontal web members 21, that is, the ends of the connecting horizontal web members 21 are connected to the connection points of the upper chord bar and the horizontal web member of the truss body 1, and are aligned with the inner and outer chord bars in the longitudinal direction, forming relatively flat inner and outer facades, which is convenient for stable fixing and lateral support of the outer formwork 7.

[0078] In order to ensure the stability of the rectangular frame structure, a connecting diagonal web member 22 is welded between two connecting horizontal web members 21 located in the same horizontal plane, and two connecting diagonal web members 22 are provided between two adjacent reinforcing ribs 15 in the longitudinal direction, and the two connecting diagonal web members 22 are cross-arranged, so that a longitudinal horizontal connecting truss consisting of the connecting horizontal web members 21, the connecting diagonal web members 22 and the main horizontal web members 13 is formed at the height position of the reinforcing ribs 15 in the longitudinal direction.

[0079] The longitudinal horizontal connecting trusses not only increase the connection strength between the adjacent truss bodies 1 in the longitudinal direction, but also make each reinforcing rib 15 welded with connecting diagonal web members 22 on both sides in the longitudinal direction. The reinforcing rib 15 transfers the concentrated load of the steel tie rod 3 outward through the three web members on the same truss body 1, and also transfers it longitudinally outward to the main body outer chord members 12 on the outer sides of the two adjacent truss bodies 1 through the two longitudinal connecting diagonal web members 22. That is, the reinforcing rib 15 in the horizontal plane also transfers the concentrated load of the steel tie rod 3 outward through the three web members (two connecting diagonal web members 22 and one main body horizontal web member 13), so that the three main body outer chord members 12 transfer the load inward to the three main body inner chord members 11 through their respective web members, and the concentrated load is dispersedly loaded to multiple main body inner chord members 11 in the longitudinal and transverse directions, and then balanced with the concrete side pressure. The distribution of unbalanced horizontal forces of each truss body 1 can be solved without using a through beam, and the steel consumption of the connecting diagonal web member 22 is only equivalent to about 20% of the through beam, and the weight is lighter.

[0080] In some embodiments, it further includes a walking-type traveling mechanism 4, which is installed between two connected horizontal web bars 21 at the bottom, and multiple walking-type traveling mechanisms 4 are installed at intervals along the longitudinal direction.

[0081] The space between adjacent truss bodies 1 is a connection space, which is divided into a reinforced connection space 51 and a non-reinforced connection space 52, and the reinforced connection space 51 and the non-reinforced connection space 52 are arranged alternately in the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal connection assembly 2 further includes a supporting diagonal web member 23, and each of the reinforced connection spaces 51 has a plurality of supporting diagonal web members 23, and the two ends of the supporting diagonal web member 23 are respectively connected to two upper and lower adjacent connecting horizontal web members 21, and the supporting diagonal web members 23 are arranged crosswise in pairs, that is, in the reinforced connection space 51, the supporting diagonal web members 23 are arranged crosswise in groups of two. The walking travel mechanism 4 is located in the non-reinforced connection space 52.

[0082] The use of the walking travel mechanism 4 can make the longitudinal movement of the outer formwork gantry more precise, and can accurately stop at the predetermined position, so that the position of the steel tie rod 3 installed on the steel cage is accurately aligned with the reinforcing rib 15 on the truss body 1, ensuring that the concentrated load on the steel tie rod 3 is fully dispersed and balanced with the concrete side pressure, avoiding excessive pressure on the web member caused by concentrated load transmission.

[0083] At the same time, since the walking mechanism 4 will drive the truss body 1 to rise and fall during the longitudinal movement, and not every truss body 1 is directly supported vertically by a walking mechanism 4, the remaining truss bodies 1 that are not directly supported vertically by the walking mechanism 4 need to support each other through the longitudinal connection assembly 2. For this reason, the longitudinal connection assembly 2 is further welded with a supporting diagonal brace 23, and there is no walking mechanism 4 below the supporting diagonal brace 23, so that the longitudinal connection assembly 2 corresponding to the truss body 1 that needs to be supported and suspended is reinforced, so that the truss body 1 directly supported by the walking mechanism 4 can push and pull the adjacent truss body 1 that is not directly supported by the walking mechanism 4 upward obliquely through the two cross-arranged supporting diagonal braces 23, increase the vertical support between the truss bodies 1, improve the walking movement to make the overall stability of the side truss, and at the same time, there is no need to set too many walking mechanisms 4, reducing equipment costs.

[0084] In some embodiments, the reinforcing ribs 15 on the same main body outer chord 12 are respectively the first reinforcing rib 15A and the second reinforcing rib 15B located below the first reinforcing rib 15A, and the second reinforcing rib 15B is welded with supporting diagonal web members 23 on both sides in the longitudinal direction. More specifically, at the height of the second reinforcing rib 15B, each connection space in the longitudinal direction has a set of two mutually intersecting supporting diagonal web members 23, thereby forming a longitudinal inner facade connection truss arranged longitudinally on the inner side. Since the second reinforcing rib 15B is located at a lower position, the concrete side pressure is greater, and the bending moment generated by the conversion of the support system is more, the longitudinal inner facade connection truss strengthens the position of the second reinforcing rib 15B, and the concentrated load transmitted to the second reinforcing rib 15B by the steel tie rod 3 is greater. The greater concentrated load can be transmitted to the adjacent truss body 1 in the longitudinal direction to a certain extent through the supporting diagonal web members 23, providing more dispersion paths for the load, ensuring that the pressure of each web member at the bottom of the truss body 1 is small, so that it can ensure the stability of the side truss under a smaller structural size.

[0085] In some embodiments, two crossed supporting diagonal members 23 are arranged in multiple groups at vertical intervals in the reinforced connection space 51, which saves the number of supporting diagonal members 23 and makes the two supporting diagonal members 23 in each group evenly distributed in the vertical direction. In addition, the inner and outer facades of the side truss can have supporting diagonal members 23 at the same time, ensuring the stability of adjacent truss bodies 1 supporting each other in the vertical direction.

[0086] In some embodiments, only one side of the first reinforcing rib 15A is connected to the supporting diagonal member 23, that is, the non-reinforced connection space 52 on one side of the first reinforcing rib 15A does not have a supporting diagonal member 23. Since the first reinforcing rib 15A is at a higher position, the concrete side pressure is relatively small, and the bending moment caused by the conversion of the support system is relatively small. It is only connected to one supporting diagonal member 23 to transfer the concentrated load longitudinally to the adjacent truss body 1, which can save the material of the side truss and meet the requirements of sufficient load dispersion.

[0087] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, the walking travel mechanism 4 includes a longitudinal movement component and a lifting component.

[0088] The longitudinal movement assembly includes a longitudinal movement guide rail 41, a longitudinal movement support frame 42 and a longitudinal movement cylinder 43. The longitudinal movement guide rail 41 is placed longitudinally on the ground, the longitudinal movement support frame 42 is slidably installed on the longitudinal movement guide rail 41, and the longitudinal movement cylinder 43 is installed on the longitudinal movement guide rail 41 and pushes and pulls the longitudinal movement support frame 42 to slide.

[0089] The jacking assembly includes a jacking support frame 44 and a jacking cylinder 45. The jacking support frame 44 is installed between the corresponding two connected horizontal webs 21. The jacking cylinder 45 is installed on the longitudinal support frame 42 and pushes and pulls the jacking support frame 44 to lift and lower.

[0090] When the outer mold platform moves, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 45 extends, first lifting the lifting support frame 44 upward, so that the outer mold platform rises, and the bottom ends of the outer trusses are lifted off the ground. The piston rod of the longitudinal displacement cylinder 43 extends, pushing the longitudinal displacement support frame 42 to slide forward along the longitudinal displacement guide rail 41, and the lifting support frame 44 moves forward longitudinally accordingly, so that the outer mold platform moves forward longitudinally. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder 45 is retracted, and the lifting support frame 44 is lowered, so that the outer mold platform falls, and the bottom ends of the outer trusses fall to the ground. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder 45 is further retracted, and the longitudinal displacement support frame 42 is lifted together with the longitudinal displacement guide rail 41 into the air. The piston rod of the longitudinal displacement piston rod is retracted, pulling the vacated longitudinal displacement guide rail 41 to move forward longitudinally. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder 45 extends, and the longitudinal displacement guide rail 41 is lowered to the ground.

[0091] The above-mentioned method is repeated cyclically, with the longitudinal guide rail 41 serving as a foot that is first lifted, then moved forward, and finally dropped. The outer mold gantry gradually moves forward as the longitudinal guide rail 41 moves forward, thereby achieving the movement of the outer mold gantry in a walking manner.

[0092] The walking mechanism of the existing outer mold stand is a wheeled structure, with guide rails laid on the ground, and motor-driven wheels installed on the outer mold stand. The wheels roll on the guide rails to achieve the movement of the outer mold stand. However, since the outer mold stand is relatively heavy, it is difficult to start and brake when it moves on the wheels, and it is difficult to stop at the correct position, and it is also difficult to fine-tune the position after stopping. The walking mechanism of the present application has a small distance for each step, and the longitudinal guide rail 41 is vacant when moving, and will not be affected by the load pressure. It can move accurately and achieve accurate movement, thereby ensuring the accurate alignment of the outer mold stand with the construction area. The preset position of the steel pull rod 3 can accurately align with the truss body 1 of the side truss, and then accurately connect the reinforcing ribs 15 on the truss body 1, so that the prefabrication operation performed using the outer mold stand is more accurate.

[0093] In some embodiments, the connecting horizontal web 21 at the bottom is higher than the main horizontal web 13 at the bottom, thereby forming a space for installing the walking travel mechanism 4 under the connecting horizontal web 21 at the bottom. At the same time, the upper connecting horizontal web 21 makes the angle between each group of two crossed supporting diagonal webs 23 smaller, the structure is denser, and the vertical support stability is stronger.

[0094] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the steel tie rod 3 includes a tension bolt 31, a conical nut 32, a connecting screw 33 and a connecting nut 34. Two conical nuts 32 are arranged opposite to each other and are respectively threadedly mounted on both ends of the tension bolt 31. The two conical nuts 32 are respectively attached to the inner template 8 and the outer template 7 inwardly and outwardly.

[0095] One end of the connecting screw 33 is threadedly connected to a conical nut 32 located on the outside after passing through the reinforcing rib 15 and the outer template 7 in sequence. The connecting nut 34 is threadedly connected to the other end of the connecting screw 33, and is pressed and fixed on the outer surface of the reinforcing rib 15 after being tightened, so as to fix the steel tie rod 3 to the reinforcing rib 15.

[0096] A conical nut 32 on the inner side is also fixedly connected to the inner mold scaffold structure on the inner side of the inner mold plate 8 through a set of connecting screws 33 and connecting nuts 34, and the steel tie rod 3 is a three-section structure. When the steel tie rod 3 is inserted as a whole, since the steel tie rod 3 needs to be inserted vertically, the outer chord of the side truss hinders the insertion of the steel tie rod 3, so that the steel tie rod 3 cannot be installed in a position aligned horizontally with the truss structure. The three-section steel tie rod 3 can first be installed with the tension bolts 31 and the conical nut 32, and fixed with the inner mold scaffold through a set of connecting screws 33 and connecting nuts 34 on the inner side, and then the truss body 1 of the side truss is aligned horizontally with it, and then a set of connecting screws 33 and connecting nuts 34 on the outer side are installed, so that the steel tie rod 3 is connected to the reinforcing rib 15 of the truss body 1, and the installation connection of the steel tie rod 3 and the truss body 1 in a horizontal alignment is realized, so that the steel tie rod 3 can transmit concentrated loads in a shorter path.

[0097] In some embodiments, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the side truss further includes a top through beam 6. The truss body 1 further includes a main body end web member 16, the two ends of which are respectively welded to the top of the main body inner chord 11 and the top of the main body outer chord 12, the top through beam 6 is longitudinally arranged, and each main body end web member 16 is welded in sequence.

[0098] Two main body diagonal web members 14 are welded between the main body end web member 16 and the adjacent main body horizontal web member 13 below. The top ends of the two main body diagonal web members 14 are welded to the main body end web member 16 and are vertically aligned with the top through beam 6.

[0099] The top through beam 6 longitudinally connects the tops of the truss bodies 1, which not only improves the connection stability of each truss body 1 in the longitudinal direction, but also provides an installation position for the top truss, so that the load of the top truss is longitudinally distributed to each truss body 1 through the top through beam 6, avoiding load concentration and causing the connection point to break. The two main body diagonal web members 14 at the top support the same point directly below the top through beam 6 upward, improving the stability of the top through beam 6. The load can be dispersed downward and inward and downward and outward to the main body inner chord 11 and the main body outer chord 12 through the two main body diagonal web members 14, avoiding excessive differences in the bending moments of the inner and outer chords, resulting in greater lateral pressure on the web members, so that the rod structure has sufficient stability without being thickened.

[0100] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, there are two main body diagonal web members 14 between the bottom main body horizontal web member 13 and the upper adjacent main body horizontal web member 13, and the two main body diagonal web members 14 are cross-arranged. The load of the top truss and the load of the side truss itself are vertically concentrated at the bottom of the side truss. The main body diagonal web members 14 cross-arranged at the bottom increase the strength of the bottom end of the truss body 1, and ensure that the bottom end has a web member structure extending from top to bottom and from outside to inside, ensuring that the load is transmitted to the reaction seat installed on the outside of the bottom end of the side truss, so that the reaction seat can more fully share the load.

[0101] Finally, it should be noted that: the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0102] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated outer side template truss structure for immersed tubes, characterized in that: include: A truss body, with a plurality of truss bodies arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction; A longitudinal connection component, each of the two adjacent truss bodies has the longitudinal connection component, and the longitudinal connection component is welded to the two truss bodies; The truss body comprises: The main body inner chord is arranged vertically on the inner side; The main body outer chord is arranged vertically on the outside; The main body horizontal web member, the inner and outer ends of which are respectively welded to the main body inner chord member and the main body outer chord member, and a plurality of them are installed at intervals from top to bottom; The main body diagonal web members are arranged obliquely, and the main body diagonal web members are provided between adjacent main body horizontal web members, and the two ends of the main body diagonal web members are respectively welded to the main body inner chord member and the main body outer chord member, and the main body diagonal web members are arranged in a wave shape from top to bottom; Reinforced ribs, two of the reinforcing ribs are welded and connected to the inner chords of the main body, the reinforcing ribs are aligned in the longitudinal direction, the upper and lower sides of the reinforcing ribs are respectively welded to the inner ends of two adjacent main body diagonal web members, the reinforcing ribs are welded and connected to the inner end of a corresponding main body horizontal web member, the two reinforcing ribs are connected to steel tie rods, so as to align the truss body with the annular main reinforcement of the immersed tube steel cage in the transverse direction, the reinforcing ribs bear the load of the steel tie rods, and transfer it to the inner chords of the main body through the two welded main body diagonal web members and one main body horizontal web member.

2. According to claim 1, the immersed tube prefabricated outer side formwork truss structure is characterized in that: The longitudinal connection assembly comprises: Connecting horizontal web members, the connecting horizontal web members are welded between the two inner chord members of the adjacent truss bodies and between the two outer chord members of the body, and the connecting horizontal web members are correspondingly welded to the horizontal web members of the body; Connecting diagonal web members, the connecting diagonal web members are welded between two connecting horizontal web members located in the same horizontal plane, two connecting diagonal web members are arranged between two longitudinally adjacent reinforcing ribs, and the two connecting diagonal web members are cross-arranged, and the connecting horizontal web members, the connecting diagonal web members and the main body horizontal web members constitute a longitudinal horizontal connecting truss.

3. The immersed tube prefabricated outer side tension formwork truss structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: It further comprises a walking-type travelling mechanism, which is installed between two connecting horizontal web bars at the bottom end, and a plurality of the walking-type travelling mechanisms are installed at intervals along the longitudinal direction; The space between adjacent truss bodies is a connection space, and the connection space is divided into a reinforced connection space and a non-reinforced connection space, and the reinforced connection space and the non-reinforced connection space are alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction; The longitudinal connection assembly further includes a supporting diagonal web member, each of the reinforced connection spaces has a plurality of the supporting diagonal web members, two ends of the supporting diagonal web members are respectively connected to two upper and lower adjacent connecting horizontal web members, and the supporting diagonal web members are cross-arranged in pairs; The walking-type travelling mechanisms are all located in the non-reinforced connection space.

4. According to claim 3, the immersed tube prefabricated outer side formwork truss structure is characterized in that: The reinforcing ribs on the same outer chord of the main body are respectively a first reinforcing rib and a second reinforcing rib located below the first reinforcing rib, and the second reinforcing rib is welded to the supporting diagonal web rods on both sides in the longitudinal direction.

5. The immersed tube prefabricated outer side tension formwork truss structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In the reinforced connection space, two crossed supporting diagonal web members are arranged in multiple groups at vertical intervals.

6. The immersed tube prefabricated outer side tension formwork truss structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Only one side of the first reinforcing rib is connected to the supporting diagonal web bar.

7. The immersed tube prefabricated outer side tension formwork truss structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The walking travel mechanism includes a longitudinal movement component and a lifting component; The longitudinal movement assembly includes a longitudinal movement guide rail, a longitudinal movement support frame and a longitudinal movement oil cylinder. The longitudinal movement guide rail is longitudinally placed on the ground, the longitudinal movement support frame is slidably installed on the longitudinal movement guide rail, and the longitudinal movement oil cylinder is installed on the longitudinal movement guide rail and pushes and pulls the longitudinal movement support frame to slide; The jacking assembly comprises a jacking support frame and a jacking cylinder. The jacking support frame is installed between the corresponding two connecting horizontal webs. The jacking cylinder is installed on the longitudinal moving support frame and pushes and pulls the jacking support frame to perform lifting and lowering.

8. The immersed tube prefabricated outer side tension formwork truss structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steel tie rod comprises: Tension bolts; There are two conical nuts, which are threadedly mounted on both ends of the tension bolts, and the two conical nuts are respectively attached inwardly and outwardly to the inner template and the outer template; A connecting screw, one end of which passes through the reinforcing rib and the outer template and is threadedly connected to the corresponding conical nut; A connecting nut is threadedly connected to the other end of the connecting screw and is pressed and fixed on the reinforcing rib plate.

9. The immersed tube prefabricated outer side formwork truss structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: further comprising a top through beam; The truss body further includes a main body end web member, the two ends of which are respectively welded to the top of the main body inner chord member and the top of the main body outer chord member, the top through beam is longitudinally arranged, and each of the main body end web members is welded in sequence; Two main body oblique web members are welded and connected between the main body end web member and the adjacent main body horizontal web member below. The top ends of the two main body oblique web members are welded and connected to the main body end web member and are vertically aligned with the top through beam.

10. The immersed tube prefabricated outer side tension formwork truss structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two main body oblique web members between the main body horizontal web member at the bottom and the main body horizontal web member adjacent to the upper side, and the two main body oblique web members are cross-arranged.

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