Biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system and biomass carbonization method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis and carbonization, and particularly relates to a biomass continuous pyrolysis and carbonization system and a biomass carbonization method. Comprising a pyrolysis unit used for pyrolyzing biomass to generate biochar and conveying biomass pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis to a dust removal unit; the bio-oil collecting unit comprises a heat exchanger and a bio-oil collector, gradient heat exchange is carried out through the heat exchanger, and condensed bio-oil and deoiled biomass pyrolysis gas are obtained; the CO2 removal and gas collection unit comprises a CO2 remover and a gas collection tank and is used for removing CO2 in the deoiled biomass pyrolysis gas and collecting combustible gas in the deoiled biomass pyrolysis gas; and the combustor is used for combusting the combustible gas to generate heat energy and conveying the heat energy to the pyrolysis unit. The biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system is formed by the pyrolysis unit, the bio-oil collection unit, the CO2 removal and gas collection unit and the combustor, and waste heat recycling and bio-oil recycling are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis carbonization, and particularly relates to a biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system and a biomass carbonization method. Background Art

[0002] The output of discarded agricultural and forestry biomass is large, and most of it is disposed of by stockpiling, landfilling, returning to the fields and incineration, which not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also easily causes water, soil and air pollution.

[0003] Due to the advantages of biomass such as renewability, carbon neutrality and wide distribution, the use of biomass energy can not only reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but also realize the resource utilization of biomass waste and promote the development of circular economy. Biomass pyrolysis can generate three-phase products: biogas, bio-oil and biochar. Fully recycling and utilizing its pyrolysis products can not only provide clean energy, but also greatly reduce the secondary pollution caused by the unreasonable use of biomass.

[0004] In the prior art, although some processes and equipment for producing biomass charcoal, pyrolysis gas and tar by high-temperature carbonization under anaerobic or oxygen-deficient conditions have been disclosed, such as application No. 202420907794.9, which discloses a straw biomass carbonization production system, which realizes anaerobic carbonization of straw biomass through a negative pressure anaerobic carbonization furnace, pyrolysis to obtain pyrolysis gas and solid carbon residue, and the pyrolysis gas is separated through a condenser to obtain wood vinegar, wood tar and combustible non-condensable gas. The charcoal slag is output after being cooled and can be processed into biomass charcoal, smokeless charcoal or RDF fuel rods to achieve the purpose of straw biomass carbonization and sterilization and egg killing; the anaerobic carbonization process is completed in a closed manner, and is odorless and has no peculiar smell; 202210620507.1, discloses a method for utilizing waste heat from a biomass carbonization furnace and its utilization system, starts a horizontal carbonization furnace, and discharges the generated charcoal and combustible gas into a charcoal box; transports the combustible gas in the charcoal box to a combustion chamber for combustion; and transports the high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion chamber to the horizontal carbonization furnace for the carbonization reaction of the carbonization furnace. A heat source should be provided; the flue gas after the carbonization reaction is transported to the waste heat boiler to generate steam and transported to the heat user; 202010545842.0, discloses a fluidized bed gasification and biomass low-temperature carbonization coupling system and working method, using the heat carried by the fluidized bed gasification synthesis gas to provide energy for the biomass carbonization furnace to obtain the biomass charcoal required for co-gasification, and using the acidic organic waste liquid generated during the low-temperature carbonization of biomass to enhance the gasification reactivity of high-carbon fly ash in the fluidized bed gasification furnace, thereby realizing efficient cyclic gasification of high-carbon fly ash.

[0005] However, the above-mentioned biomass carbonization production system uses electricity to drive high-temperature pyrolysis of biomass and does not pay attention to the utilization of waste heat. It has high energy consumption costs and energy losses, and cannot achieve the recovery and utilization of bio-oil. As a result, the existing biomass carbonization technology still lacks a complete and continuous processing system. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system and a biomass carbonization method. 2 The removal and gas collection unit and the burner form a biomass continuous pyrolysis and carbonization system, which can realize the full resource utilization of biomass including preparation of biochar, recovery of bio-oil, gas production and reuse, and waste heat utilization. It can greatly reduce resource waste, improve biomass utilization efficiency, provide an effective disposal method for agricultural and forestry waste biomass, realize efficient recycling of carbon resources, and thus reduce carbon emissions.

[0007] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions.

[0008] In one aspect, the present invention provides a biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system, comprising: The pyrolysis unit is used to pyrolyze biomass to produce biochar, and the biomass pyrolysis gas produced by the pyrolysis is transported to the dust removal unit, and the dust removal unit is used to remove impurity biochar particles in the biomass pyrolysis gas to form impure biomass pyrolysis gas.

[0009] The bio-oil collecting unit comprises a heat exchanger and a bio-oil collector. The heat exchanger is connected to the dust removal unit and the bio-oil collector. The biomass pyrolysis gas after impurities removal is subjected to gradient heat exchange through the heat exchanger to obtain condensed bio-oil and de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas, which are then collected through the bio-oil collector.

[0010] CO 2 Removal and gas collection units, including CO 2 The stripper and gas header, the CO 2 The degassing device is connected to the heat exchanger and the gas collecting box to remove the CO 2 and collect the combustible gas in the de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas through a gas collecting box.

[0011] The burner is connected to the gas collecting box and is used to burn combustible gas to generate heat energy, and transmit the heat energy to the pyrolysis unit for the pyrolysis unit to pyrolyze biomass to produce biochar.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned biomass continuous pyrolysis and carbonization system, the pyrolysis unit includes a spiral conveying pyrolysis furnace, and the spiral conveying pyrolysis furnace is provided with a feed port, a discharge port, a first exhaust port, a heat energy recovery channel and a waste heat utilization pipeline. The feed port is provided with a hopper, the hopper is connected to a dryer, the discharge port is connected to a storage bin, the first exhaust port is connected to a dust removal unit, the heat energy recovery channel is connected to a burner, and the waste heat utilization pipeline is connected to the dryer.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system, along the flow direction of the biomass pyrolysis gas, at least three serpentine condensers are sequentially arranged in the heat exchanger, each serpentine condenser is provided with a bio-oil discharge port, the bio-oil discharge port is connected to the bio-oil collector, and the heat exchanger is also provided with a second air inlet and a third air outlet, the third air outlet is connected to the CO 2 Stripper.

[0014] Furthermore, the dust removal unit of the above-mentioned biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system includes a dust collector, which is provided with a first air inlet, a biochar particle collection tank and a second exhaust port, the biochar particle collection tank is used to collect impurity biochar particles in the biomass pyrolysis gas, the first air inlet is connected to the first exhaust port, and the second exhaust port is connected to the second air inlet.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned biomass continuous pyrolysis and carbonization system, a fan is also provided between the gas collecting box and the burner, which is used to pressurize the combustible gas and then transport it to the burner. The fan is provided with a fifth air inlet and a sixth exhaust port, the fifth air inlet is connected to the gas collecting box, and the sixth exhaust port is connected to the burner.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system, the gas collecting box is provided with a fourth air inlet and a fifth air outlet, and the fourth air inlet is connected to the CO 2 The stripper, the fifth exhaust port is connected to the fifth air inlet.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned biomass continuous pyrolysis and carbonization system, a sixth air inlet and a heat energy output port are provided on the burner, the sixth air inlet and the sixth exhaust port are connected, and the heat energy output port and the heat energy recycling channel are connected.

[0018] On the other hand, a biomass carbonization method is prepared by using the above-mentioned biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system, including biomass carbonization and waste heat recycling and bio-oil recovery; Among them, biomass carbonization refers to adding biomass to a pyrolysis unit, and after pyrolysis in the pyrolysis unit, the biochar produced by the pyrolysis is collected to achieve biomass carbonization.

[0019] Waste heat recycling and bio-oil recovery include the following steps: The biomass pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is transported to a dust removal unit, and the impurity biochar particles in the biomass pyrolysis gas are removed by the dust removal unit to obtain the impure biomass pyrolysis gas.

[0020] The decontaminated biomass pyrolysis gas is transported to a heat exchanger, and the gaseous bio-oil in the decontaminated biomass pyrolysis gas is condensed through a gradient heat exchange to form bio-oil, which is collected through a bio-oil collector to produce de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas.

[0021] De-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas 2 CO removal 2 After the removal of the gas, combustible gas is obtained, which is collected through a gas collecting box and transported to a burner. The burner burns to generate heat energy, which provides heat energy for pyrolysis of biomass to form a biomass continuous pyrolysis and carbonization system, realizing the recycling of waste heat and the recovery of bio-oil.

[0022] Furthermore, the biomass is agricultural and forestry waste.

[0023] In addition, the present invention also provides biochar prepared by the above biomass carbonization method.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a biomass full resource utilization system for preparing biochar through continuous pyrolysis and carbonization of biomass, recovering bio-oil, producing gas for reuse, and utilizing waste heat. 2 The removal and gas collection unit and the burner form a biomass continuous pyrolysis and carbonization system, which realizes the recycling of waste heat and the recovery of bio-oil, and realizes the full resource utilization of biomass in the preparation of biochar, recovery of bio-oil, gas production and reuse, and waste heat utilization. It can greatly reduce resource waste, improve the efficiency of biomass utilization, and provide an effective disposal method for agricultural and forestry waste biomass. It can effectively solve the problems of low efficiency, high energy consumption, and long cycle of traditional processes, improve the efficiency of biomass utilization, provide an effective disposal method for agricultural and forestry waste biomass, and realize the efficient recycling of carbon resources, thereby reducing carbon emissions.

[0025] The biomass carbonization method provided by the present invention realizes biomass carbonization by pyrolysis and carbonization of biomass through a pyrolysis unit, and the biomass pyrolysis gas generated by the biomass pyrolysis is sequentially removed by a dust removal unit, condensed by a heat exchanger of a bio-oil collection unit, and then the bio-oil is collected, and CO 2 CO removal by stripper 2 After that, combustible gas is obtained. The combustion of combustible gas is used to provide pyrolysis heat energy to the pyrolysis unit to pyrolyze biomass, thereby realizing the recycling of waste heat and the recovery of bio-oil. The gas produced by biomass pyrolysis is reused for the pyrolysis of biochar, which can reduce the use of mineral resources such as coal and natural gas, reduce cost investment from the source, and effectively reduce environmental pollution. The waste heat is reused for drying biomass to realize the recycling of heat and avoid heat loss.

[0026] The biochar prepared by the biomass carbonization method provided by the present invention provides an effective disposal method for agricultural and forestry waste biomass, realizes the efficient recycling of carbon resources, realizes the resource utilization of biomass waste, and promotes the development of circular economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of the biomass continuous pyrolysis and carbonization system of the present invention.

[0028] Illustration Description: 1. Dryer, 2. Hopper, 3. Pyrolysis furnace, 301. Feed inlet, 302. Discharge outlet, 303. First exhaust outlet, 304. Heat recovery channel, 305. Waste heat utilization pipeline, 4. Storage bin, 5. Dust collector, 501. First air inlet, 502. Biochar particle collection tank, 503. Second exhaust outlet, 6. Heat exchanger, 6011. Second air inlet, 601. First condenser, 602. Second condenser, 6031. Third exhaust outlet, 603. Third condenser, 604. First water inlet, 605. First water outlet, 606. Second water inlet, 607. Second water outlet, 608. Third water inlet, 609. Third water outlet, 610. Bio-oil outlet, 7. Bio-oil collector, 8. CO 2 Remover, 801, third air inlet, 802, fourth exhaust port, 9, air collecting box, 901, fourth air inlet, 902, fifth exhaust port, 10, fan, 1001, fifth air inlet, 1002, sixth exhaust port, 11, combustion furnace, 1101, sixth air inlet, 1102, heat output port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that the professional terms used in the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Certain words are used in the present invention to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art should understand that technicians will use different nouns to refer to the same component. The present invention does not distinguish between components by the difference in nouns, but by the difference in the functions of the components. As mentioned throughout the specification and claims, "including" is an open term and should be understood as "including but not limited to".

[0031] The present invention provides a biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes: a pyrolysis unit, the pyrolysis unit is used to pyrolyze biomass to produce biochar, and the biomass pyrolysis gas produced by the pyrolysis is transported to a dust removal unit, the dust removal unit is used to remove the impurity biochar particles in the biomass pyrolysis gas to form impure biomass pyrolysis gas; a bio-oil collection unit, including a heat exchanger 6 and a bio-oil collector 7, the heat exchanger 6 is connected to the dust removal unit and the bio-oil collector 7, the impurity-free biomass pyrolysis gas passes through the heat exchanger 6 for gradient heat exchange, condensed bio-oil and de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas are obtained, and are collected by the bio-oil collector 7; CO 2 Removal and gas collection units, including CO 2 The stripper 8 and the gas collecting box 9, the CO 2 The degassing device 8 is connected to the heat exchanger 6 and the gas collecting box 9 to remove the CO 2 The gas collecting box 9 is used to collect the combustible gas in the de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas; the burner 11 is connected to the gas collecting box 9 and is used to burn the combustible gas to generate heat energy, and the heat energy is transported to the pyrolysis unit for the pyrolysis unit to pyrolyze the biomass to produce biochar.

[0032] The present invention provides a biomass full resource utilization system for preparing biochar through continuous pyrolysis and carbonization of biomass, recovering bio-oil, producing gas for reuse, and utilizing waste heat. 2 The removal and gas collection units and burners form a biomass continuous pyrolysis and carbonization system, which realizes the recycling of waste heat and the recovery of bio-oil, and the full resource utilization of biomass including the preparation of biochar, recovery of bio-oil, gas production and reuse, and waste heat utilization. It can greatly reduce resource waste, improve biomass utilization efficiency, provide an effective disposal method for agricultural and forestry waste biomass, realize the efficient recycling of carbon resources, and thus reduce carbon emissions.

[0033] The invention is further described below through specific examples.

[0034] Example The present invention provides a biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a pyrolysis unit, the pyrolysis unit is used to pyrolyze biomass to produce biochar, and the biomass pyrolysis gas produced by the pyrolysis is transported to a dust removal unit, the dust removal unit is used to remove the impurity biochar particles in the biomass pyrolysis gas to form impure biomass pyrolysis gas; a bio-oil collection unit, including a heat exchanger 6 and a bio-oil collector 7, the heat exchanger 6 is connected to the dust removal unit and the bio-oil collector 7, the impurity-free biomass pyrolysis gas passes through the heat exchanger 6 for gradient heat exchange, condensed bio-oil and de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas are obtained, and are collected by the bio-oil collector 7; CO 2 Removal and gas collection units, including CO 2 The stripper 8 and the gas collecting box 9, the CO2 The degassing device 8 is connected to the heat exchanger 6 and the gas collecting box 9 to remove the CO 2 The gas collecting box 9 is used to collect the combustible gas in the de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas; the burner 11 is connected to the gas collecting box 9 and is used to burn the combustible gas to generate heat energy, and the heat energy is transmitted to the pyrolysis unit for the pyrolysis unit to pyrolyze the biomass to produce biochar; through the pyrolysis unit, the bio-oil collection unit, the CO 2 The removal and gas collection unit and the burner 11 form a biomass continuous pyrolysis and carbonization system to achieve waste heat recycling and bio-oil recovery.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the pyrolysis unit includes a spiral conveying pyrolysis furnace 3, which is provided with a feed port 301, a discharge port 302, a first exhaust port 303, a heat energy recovery channel 304 and a waste heat utilization pipeline 305. The feed port 301 is provided with a hopper 2, the hopper 2 is connected to a dryer 1, the discharge port 302 is connected to a storage bin 4, the first exhaust port 303 is connected to a dust removal unit, the heat energy recovery channel 304 is connected to a burner 11, and the waste heat utilization pipeline 305 is connected to the dryer 1.

[0036] The screw conveying pyrolysis furnace 3 pyrolyzes biomass to produce biochar, wherein the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a screw conveying rod, the screw speed is 4r / min, the screw conveying pyrolysis furnace is inclined 10° to the lower right, and the biochar is transported to the discharge port as the screw reverses.

[0037] The biomass is added to the feed port 301 through the hopper 2, and the biomass is transported to the screw conveying pyrolysis furnace 3 after the screw conveying rod in the screw conveying pyrolysis furnace 3 rotates. The heat generated by the burner 11 is input into the screw conveying pyrolysis furnace 3 through the heat energy recycling channel 304, and the temperature is 400°C to 600°C to pyrolyze the biomass. The biomass pyrolysis gas generated by the biomass is transported to the dust removal unit through the first exhaust port 303. The residual heat after pyrolysis in the screw conveying pyrolysis furnace 3 enters the dryer 1 through the residual heat utilization pipeline 305 to dry the biomass in the hopper 2.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the dust removal unit includes a dust collector 5, which is provided with a first air inlet 501, a biochar particle collection tank 502 and a second exhaust port 503. The biochar particle collection tank 502 is used to collect impurity biochar particles in the biomass pyrolysis gas. The first air inlet 501 is connected to the first exhaust port 303, and the second exhaust port 503 is connected to the second air inlet 6011.

[0039] The biomass pyrolysis gas enters the dust collector 5 through the first air inlet 501. The dust collector 5 is used to remove impurity biochar particles in the biomass pyrolysis gas. The dust collector 5 adopts external filtration dust removal. The dust-containing airflow enters the filter bag through the filter material from the outside of the high-temperature resistant filter bag, and is discharged from the second exhaust port 503 after purification and enters the heat exchanger 6.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, along the flow direction of the biomass pyrolysis gas, the heat exchanger is provided with at least three serpentine condensers in sequence, each serpentine condenser is provided with a bio-oil outlet 610, the bio-oil outlet 610 is connected to the bio-oil collector 7, and the heat exchanger is also provided with a second air inlet 6011 and a third air outlet 6031, the third air outlet 6031 is connected to the CO 2 Remover 8. The serpentine condenser includes a primary condenser 601, a secondary condenser 602 and a tertiary condenser 603. The three serpentine condensers are used to perform gradient heat exchange on the biomass pyrolysis gas after impurity removal. The primary condenser 601 is provided with a first water inlet 604 and then a first water outlet 605. The secondary condenser 602 is provided with a second water inlet 606 and a second water outlet 607. The tertiary condenser 603 is provided with a third water inlet 608 and a third water outlet 609. All serpentine condensers are water-cooled to achieve the condensation of bio-oil. The primary condenser 601 is placed in 0°C circulating water, and the secondary condenser 602 and the tertiary condenser 603 are placed in normal temperature circulating water. All serpentine condensers are sealed and connected to the bio-oil collector through rubber tubes, and the two can be removed for cleaning and replacement. When the impure biomass pyrolysis gas enters the heat exchanger 6 through the second air inlet 6011, the primary condenser 601 condenses most of the bio-oil, and the remaining biogas and uncondensed bio-oil continue to enter the secondary condenser 602 for condensation, and the remaining very small amount of gaseous bio-oil and the basically de-oiled biogas continue to enter the tertiary condenser 603, thereby achieving complete removal of the bio-oil.

[0041] After gradient heat exchange in the heat exchanger 6, the de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas is discharged through the third exhaust port 6031 and enters the CO 2 In the stripper 8, the CO 2 The remover uses adsorption to remove CO in mixed biogas. 2 Selective reversible adsorption. Removal of CO 2 The combustible gas enters the gas collecting box 9.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, a fan 10 is further provided between the gas collecting box 9 and the burner 11, for boosting the combustible gas and then delivering it to the burner 11. The fan 10 is provided with a fifth air inlet 1001 and a sixth air outlet 1002. The fifth air inlet 1001 is connected to the gas collecting box 9, and the sixth air outlet 1002 is connected to the burner 11. When the combustible gas in the gas collecting box 9 enters the fan 10 through the fifth air inlet 1001, the fan 10 boosts the combustible gas, and after the combustible gas generates a certain pressure, it enters the burner 11 through the sixth air outlet 1002.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the gas collecting box 9 is provided with a fourth air inlet 901 and a fifth air outlet 902. The fourth air inlet 901 is connected to the CO 2 The fifth exhaust port 902 is connected to the fifth air inlet 1001. The air collecting box 9 adopts a double membrane structure, and the internal airtight space is variable.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, the burner 11 is provided with a sixth air inlet 1101 and a heat output port 1102, the sixth air inlet 1101 is connected to the sixth exhaust port 1002, and the heat output port 1102 is connected to the heat recycling channel 304. The burner 11 is used for the combustion capacity of combustible gas generated by pyrolysis of biomass, and high-temperature refractory materials are used inside, the furnace temperature can reach 1000°C to 1200°C, and a heat insulation layer is provided outside.

[0045] A biomass carbonization method, prepared by using the above-mentioned biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system, including biomass carbonization and waste heat recycling and bio-oil recovery; Among them, biomass carbonization means that after the biomass is put into the hopper 2, the spiral conveying pyrolysis furnace 3 is turned on, and the biomass enters the spiral conveying pyrolysis furnace 3 from the first feed port 301 for pyrolysis of the biomass, and the biochar produced by the pyrolysis is transported to the first discharge port 302 and enters the biochar storage bin 4 for collection, thereby realizing biomass carbonization.

[0046] Waste heat recycling and bio-oil recovery include the following steps: S1. The biomass pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is output from the first exhaust port 303 and enters the first air inlet 501, and is transported to the dust collector 5. After the impurities in the biomass pyrolysis gas, including fine particles of biochar, are separated, the impurities are discharged through the biochar particle collection tank 502 and the impure biomass pyrolysis gas through the second exhaust port 503. At this time, the temperature of the impure biomass pyrolysis gas is 400°C to 500°C.

[0047] S2. The impure biomass pyrolysis gas enters the heat exchanger 6 through the second air inlet 6011, and is condensed at different temperatures in the heat exchanger 6 to form bio-oil. The bio-oil is discharged into the bio-oil collector 7 through the bio-oil discharge port 602. The bio-oil collector 7 collects the gas and generates de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas. At this time, the temperature of the de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas is 30-50°C, and the de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas is discharged through the third exhaust port 603.

[0048] S3, the de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas enters the CO 2 Remover 8, through CO 2 The de-oiling biomass pyrolysis gas is de-CO 2 After the removal of the gas, combustible gas is obtained. At this time, the temperature of the combustible gas is room temperature and it is discharged through the fourth exhaust port 802.

[0049] S4. The combustible gas enters the gas collecting box 9 through the fourth gas inlet 901, is collected and stored by the gas collecting box 9, and is discharged through the fifth exhaust port 902 after reaching a certain concentration.

[0050] S5. The combustible gas enters the fan 10 through the fifth air inlet 1001 . After the fan 10 pressurizes the combustible gas, the combustible gas is discharged through the sixth exhaust port 1002 .

[0051] S6. The pressurized combustible gas enters the biogas combustion furnace 11 through the sixth air inlet 1101 for combustion, and the heat energy generated by combustion enters the combustion heat energy recovery channel 304 through the heat energy output port 1102. The biomass in the spiral conveying pyrolysis furnace 3 is pyrolyzed under the action of heat energy, and the bioheat energy enters the waste heat utilization channel 301 and is used for drying the biomass in the dryer 1, forming a biomass continuous pyrolysis and carbonization system, realizing the recycling of waste heat and the recovery of bio-oil.

[0052] Application Examples Taking Chinese medicine residue as an example, further explanation is given.

[0053] The method for carbonizing biomass by continuous pyrolysis and carbonization of Chinese medicinal residues, using the biomass continuous pyrolysis and carbonization system of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, comprises the following steps: S1. The Chinese medicine residue is crushed for pretreatment, and then the crushed Chinese medicine residue is put into the hopper 2, and the screw conveying pyrolysis furnace 3 is turned on. When the temperature in the pyrolysis furnace is stabilized at 500°C, the Chinese medicine residue is injected into the screw conveying pyrolysis furnace 3 for pyrolysis and carbonization of biomass, and the biochar produced by pyrolysis is transported to the biochar storage bin 4 for collection.

[0054] S2. The biomass pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is transported to the dust collector 5. After the impurities in the biomass pyrolysis gas, including fine biochar particles, are separated, the impurities are discharged through the biochar particle collection tank 502. At this time, the temperature of the impurity-free biomass pyrolysis gas is 500°C.

[0055] S3. Start the dust collector 5 and the heat exchanger 6 at the same time. The impurity-removing biomass pyrolysis gas is condensed by gradient heat exchange in the heat exchanger 6 to form bio-oil. The bio-oil is discharged into the bio-oil collector 7 for collection and produces de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas. At this time, the temperature of the de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas is 40°C.

[0056] S4, de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas enters CO 2 Remover 8, through CO 2 The de-oiling biomass pyrolysis gas is de-CO 2 After the removal of, combustible gas is obtained, and at this time, the temperature of the combustible gas is room temperature.

[0057] S5, the combustible gas enters the gas collecting box 9, where it is collected and stored. After reaching a certain concentration, it enters the fan 10, where the fan 10 increases the pressure of the combustible gas.

[0058] S6. The pressurized combustible gas enters the biogas combustion furnace 11 for combustion, and the heat energy generated by combustion enters the combustion heat energy recovery channel 304 through the heat energy output port 1102. The biomass in the spiral conveying pyrolysis furnace 3 is pyrolyzed under the action of heat energy, and the bioheat energy enters the waste heat utilization channel 301 and is used for drying the biomass in the dryer 1. Among them, at 500°C, the bio-oil yield is 37.2%, and the biochar yield is 34.5%, thereby realizing the recycling of waste heat and the recovery of bio-oil.

[0059] In summary, the present invention provides a biomass full resource utilization system for preparing biochar, recovering bio-oil, producing gas for reuse, and utilizing waste heat through continuous pyrolysis and carbonization of biomass. 2 The removal and gas collection unit and the burner form a biomass continuous pyrolysis and carbonization system. It does not require electricity supply and can achieve full resource utilization of biomass in the preparation of biochar, recovery of bio-oil, gas production and reuse, and waste heat utilization. It can greatly reduce resource waste, improve biomass utilization efficiency, and provide an effective disposal method for agricultural and forestry waste biomass. It can effectively solve the problems of low efficiency, high energy consumption, and long cycle of traditional processes, improve biomass utilization efficiency, provide an effective disposal method for agricultural and forestry waste biomass, and achieve efficient recycling of carbon resources, thereby reducing carbon emissions.

[0060] The biomass pyrolysis gas of the present invention is reused for the pyrolysis of biochar, which can reduce the use of mineral resources such as coal and natural gas, reduce cost investment from the source and effectively reduce environmental pollution. The waste heat is reused for drying the biomass to achieve heat recycling and avoid heat loss.

[0061] It should be noted that when the present invention involves a numerical range, it should be understood that the two endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected. Since the steps and methods used are the same as those in the embodiments, in order to avoid redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they know the basic creative concept. Therefore, the attached claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0062] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system, characterized in that: include: A pyrolysis unit, wherein the pyrolysis unit is used to pyrolyze biomass to produce biochar, and the biomass pyrolysis gas produced by the pyrolysis is transported to a dust removal unit, and the dust removal unit is used to remove impurity biochar particles in the biomass pyrolysis gas to form impurity-free biomass pyrolysis gas; The bio-oil collection unit comprises a heat exchanger (6) and a bio-oil collector (7), wherein the heat exchanger (6) is connected to the dust removal unit and the bio-oil collector (7), and the biomass pyrolysis gas after impurities removal is subjected to gradient heat exchange through the heat exchanger (6) to obtain condensed bio-oil and de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas, which are then collected through the bio-oil collector (7); A CO2 removal and gas collection unit, comprising a CO2 remover (8) and a gas collection box (9), wherein the CO2 remover (8) is connected to a heat exchanger (6) and a gas collection box (9), and is used to remove CO2 from the de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas, and to collect combustible gas from the de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas through the gas collection box (9); A burner (11), the burner (11) being connected to the gas collecting box (9) and being used for burning combustible gas to generate heat energy, and transmitting the heat energy to the pyrolysis unit for the pyrolysis unit to pyrolyze biomass to generate biochar.

2. The biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis unit comprises a screw conveying pyrolysis furnace (3), the screw conveying pyrolysis furnace (3) being provided with a feed port (301), a discharge port (302), a first exhaust port (303), a heat energy recovery channel (304) and a waste heat utilization pipeline (305), the feed port (301) being provided with a hopper (2), the hopper (2) being connected to a dryer (1), the discharge port (302) being connected to a storage bin (4), the first exhaust port (303) being connected to a dust removal unit, the heat energy recovery channel (304) being connected to a burner (11), and the waste heat utilization pipeline (305) being connected to the dryer (1).

3. The biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least three serpentine condensers are sequentially arranged in the heat exchanger along the flow direction of the biomass pyrolysis gas, each serpentine condenser is provided with a bio-oil discharge port (610), the bio-oil discharge port (610) is connected to the bio-oil collector (7), and the heat exchanger is also provided with a second air inlet (6011) and a third air outlet (6031), the third air outlet (6031) is connected to the CO2 remover (8).

4. The biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dust removal unit comprises a dust collector (5), the dust collector (5) being provided with a first air inlet (501), a biochar particle collection tank (502) and a second exhaust port (503), the biochar particle collection tank (502) being used to collect impurity biochar particles in biomass pyrolysis gas, the first air inlet (501) being connected to the first exhaust port (303), and the second exhaust port (503) being connected to the second air inlet (6011).

5. The biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fan (10) is also provided between the gas collecting box (9) and the burner (11) for pressurizing combustible gas and then conveying it to the burner (11); a fifth air inlet (1001) and a sixth air outlet (1002) are provided on the fan (10); the fifth air inlet (1001) is connected to the gas collecting box (9), and the sixth air outlet (1002) is connected to the burner (11).

6. The biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas collecting box (9) is provided with a fourth air inlet (901) and a fifth air outlet (902); the fourth air inlet (901) is connected to the CO2 remover (8), and the fifth air outlet (902) is connected to the fifth air inlet (1001).

7. The biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The burner (11) is provided with a sixth air inlet (1101) and a heat energy output port (1102); the sixth air inlet (1101) is connected to a sixth exhaust port (1002); and the heat energy output port (1102) is connected to a heat energy recycling channel (304).

8. A biomass carbonization method, characterized in that: The biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used for preparation, including biomass carbonization and waste heat recycling and bio-oil recovery; Among them, biomass carbonization refers to adding biomass to a pyrolysis unit, and after pyrolysis in the pyrolysis unit, the biochar produced by pyrolysis is collected to achieve biomass carbonization; Waste heat recycling and bio-oil recovery include the following steps: The biomass pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is transported to a dust removal unit, and the impurity biochar particles in the biomass pyrolysis gas are removed by the dust removal unit to obtain the impurity-free biomass pyrolysis gas; The decontaminated biomass pyrolysis gas is transported to a heat exchanger (6), and the gaseous bio-oil in the decontaminated biomass pyrolysis gas is condensed by gradient heat exchange to form bio-oil, which is collected by a bio-oil collector (7) to produce de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas; After CO2 is removed from the de-oiled biomass pyrolysis gas by a CO2 remover (8), combustible gas is obtained, which is collected by a gas collecting box (9) and transported to a burner (11). The burner (11) burns to generate heat energy, which provides heat energy for pyrolysis to pyrolyze the biomass, thereby forming a biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonization system, and realizing waste heat recycling and bio-oil recovery.

9. The biomass carbonization method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The biomass is agricultural and forestry waste.

10. Biochar prepared according to the biomass carbonization method according to claim 8 or 9.

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