Distribution network line fault early warning and accurate positioning system

Abstract

The invention discloses a distribution network line fault early warning and accurate positioning system, and relates to the technical field of distribution network line monitoring. In order to solve the problems that in actual operation, due to the complexity of a power grid, the situation of false alarm or missing alarm may exist, and in actual application, accurate fault positioning is crucial for quickly recovering power supply and reducing power failure time, and the accuracy of fault position positioning is low. Distribution network line data and traveling wave signals are accurately acquired in real time through the data acquisition unit, abnormal changes in a distribution network can be found in time through the fault early warning unit, the fault type can be rapidly identified, the fault occurrence position can be accurately calculated through the fault positioning unit, the rod fixing data of a fault point can be determined, and the fault positioning accuracy can be improved. According to the invention, the time of troubleshooting by operation and maintenance personnel is reduced, the fault processing efficiency is improved, the operation and maintenance personnel can remotely monitor the operation state of the power distribution network, the convenience and efficiency of operation and maintenance are improved, intelligent monitoring and management of the power distribution network are realized, and the operation and maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of distribution network line monitoring, and in particular to a distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system. Background Art

[0002] Regarding the identification of distribution network line faults, a patent application with publication number CN116008717A discloses a method for identifying a line break fault in a medium- and high-voltage distribution network. The method obtains the distribution network busbar interval current data, the distribution network busbar current data, the distribution network busbar voltage data, and the distribution network busbar interval circuit breaker position; determines whether the conditions for a single-phase line break fault or a multi-phase line break fault in the distribution network line are met; when it is determined that a single-phase line break fault or a multi-phase line break fault has occurred in a busbar interval of the distribution network, the invention sends a corresponding prompt signal when it identifies that the distribution network line is broken, prompting the operating personnel to eliminate the fault in time to avoid load imbalance and overvoltage caused by phase loss operation, which may endanger the safe operation of the power grid.

[0003] However, although the above patent can identify and judge faults, in actual operation, due to the complexity of the power grid, there may be false alarms or missed alarms. In practical applications, accurate fault location is crucial for quickly restoring power supply and reducing power outage time, and the accuracy of fault location is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system, which accurately calculates the location of the fault through a fault positioning unit and determines the pole data of the fault point, thereby reducing the time for operation and maintenance personnel to troubleshoot the fault, improving the efficiency of fault handling, realizing intelligent monitoring and management of the distribution network, and reducing operation and maintenance costs, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: Distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning system, including: A data acquisition unit is used to deploy a monitoring terminal at each acquisition node, wherein the monitoring terminal collects distribution network line data in real time, collects traveling wave signals in the distribution network, and pre-processes the acquired distribution network line data and traveling wave signals; The fault warning unit is used to obtain the pre-processed distribution network line data, analyze the abnormal changes of the data in real time, determine whether the power distribution is abnormal, identify the abnormal data, match the corresponding fault type based on the identification result, and issue an audible and visual alarm based on the fault type; A fault location unit is used to obtain the pre-processed traveling wave signal based on the fault result of the distribution network line, calculate the location of the fault based on the correlation between the speed and time of the current traveling wave propagating in the cable, and determine the pole location data of the fault point based on the distribution network line data; The communication unit is used to send the output data of the data acquisition unit, the fault warning unit and the fault location unit to the main station platform, and at the same time, receive the control instructions issued by the main station platform.

[0006] Furthermore, the data acquisition unit comprises: The distribution network line monitoring module is used to install a monitoring terminal on the distribution network line and collect data of the distribution network line in real time based on the monitoring terminal, including load current, distribution network line voltage and operating parameters; The monitoring terminal management module is used to manage and control the monitoring terminals of each collection node, and perform real-time load monitoring, area load query and load intelligent analysis on the monitoring terminals; The load real-time monitoring is used to track the distribution network line load in real time, display load information, and monitor three-phase imbalance and overload conditions; The load query of the substation is used to query the real-time current, voltage, active power and reactive power of the transformer in the distribution network line; The load intelligent analysis simulates the operation of switches in the distribution network line, analyzes the new topology structure generated after the operation and determines the load data of the distribution network line; A traveling wave signal acquisition module is used to monitor the traveling wave signals in the distribution network in real time, wherein the traveling wave signals include fault traveling waves and lightning traveling waves; The data preprocessing module is used to perform data filtering, denoising and standardization on the collected distribution network line data and traveling wave signals, and convert the traveling wave signals into digital signals.

[0007] Furthermore, the data preprocessing module includes: Obtain the obtained distribution network line data and traveling wave signal, and convert the distribution network line data and traveling wave signal into the frequency domain based on Fourier transform, and determine the frequency components of the distribution network line data and traveling wave signal in the frequency domain and the relative strength of the frequency components based on the conversion results; Determine the multi-scale difference decomposition scales of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal based on the frequency components and the relative strengths of the frequency components, and perform multi-scale decomposition on the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal based on the multi-scale difference decomposition scales; Based on the multi-scale decomposition results, characteristic frequency distribution characteristics of distribution network line data and traveling wave signals at different scales are determined respectively, and adaptive filtering parameters at different scales are determined respectively based on the characteristic frequency distribution characteristics; Based on the adaptive filtering parameters, the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal are respectively filtered, and the data filtering results at different scales are reconstructed to obtain the filtered data of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave data; Acquire data service attributes of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal, and determine data standardization intervals of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal respectively based on the data service attributes; Determine the reference data values ​​of the filter data of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave data respectively based on the data standardization interval, and perform standardization processing on the filter data of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave data in turn according to the reference data values ​​based on the preset calculation rules to obtain the standardized data values; Based on the execution order, the standardized data values ​​of the filtered data of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave data are statistically summarized to complete the standardized processing of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal.

[0008] Furthermore, the fault warning unit comprises: A fault identification module is used to extract the fault time series corresponding to the fault data of each monitoring point of the distribution network line, obtain the current and voltage characteristics of the fault data corresponding to the fault time series, and identify the fault type based on the current and voltage characteristics of the fault data, wherein the fault type includes a short circuit fault and a ground fault; The abnormal monitoring module is used to obtain the distribution network line data in real time, including current, voltage, power factor, equipment temperature and load conditions; at the same time, it obtains the environmental data of the distribution network line, captures the abnormal discharge process before the fault occurs, and identifies the discharge type based on the abnormal discharge characteristics of the abnormal discharge process; The early warning module is used to trigger the alarm mechanism based on the fault type output by the fault discrimination module, and issue an audible and visual alarm instruction corresponding to the fault type; and to trigger the early warning mechanism based on the discharge type output by the abnormal monitoring module, and issue an early warning instruction corresponding to the discharge type.

[0009] Furthermore, the abnormal monitoring module identifies the discharge type, including: Tree barrier hidden danger discharge warning: Real-time monitoring of whether there is super-high vegetation in the distribution network line corridor, and locating tree barrier hidden danger points. When the tree line distance is less than the preset critical spacing value, a tree barrier hidden danger warning information is issued; Hardware floating discharge warning: Real-time monitoring and positioning of abnormal discharge hardware on the distribution network line. When the discharge intensity reaches the preset warning value, the abnormal hardware warning information is issued; Insulator degradation discharge warning: Real-time monitoring and positioning of insulators with degradation discharge. When insulators degrade and discharge, insulator degradation warning information is issued; Insulator contamination discharge warning: Real-time monitoring and positioning of contaminated insulators on distribution lines. When the insulator surface is contaminated and causes discharge, an insulator contamination warning message is issued; Distribution network line icing discharge warning: Real-time monitoring of the icing discharge of insulators along the entire line. When insulators discharge due to icing, an icing warning for the distribution network line will be issued.

[0010] Furthermore, the fault location unit includes: The section positioning module is used to detect and compare the amplitude and polarity of the steady-state zero-sequence current of each faulty distribution network line, and determine the specific distribution network line and section range where the fault occurs based on the comparison results; Traveling wave positioning module for: Obtain the processed traveling wave signal, and calculate the distance between the fault point and the monitoring terminal by using the propagation speed of the traveling wave in the cable and the time difference between the occurrence of the fault and the arrival of the traveling wave signal at the monitoring terminal; Obtain the geographic information of the distribution network line and the pole tower distribution data, and determine the specific pole location data of the fault point based on the calculation results combined with the geographic information of the distribution network line and the pole tower distribution data.

[0011] Furthermore, the section positioning module determines the specific distribution network line and section range where the fault occurs, specifically: Based on the judgment result of the fault judgment module, after determining that the distribution network line has a fault, the steady-state zero-sequence current of each distribution network line is detected, and the amplitude and polarity of the steady-state zero-sequence current of each distribution network line are compared; The distribution lines whose zero-sequence current amplitude is significantly higher than other distribution lines and whose zero-sequence current polarities on both sides of the fault point are opposite are extracted as fault distribution lines; Based on the distribution characteristics of the steady-state zero-sequence current of the faulty distribution network line, the key nodes of the faulty distribution network line are constructed, the zero-sequence current amplitudes of the key nodes of the faulty distribution network line are compared, and the location interval of the fault point is determined.

[0012] Furthermore, the communication unit comprises: Data acquisition module, used to: Obtain output data from the data acquisition unit, the fault warning unit, and the fault location unit. At the same time, extract the communication network between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform and the communication route in the communication network, and configure a transfer node in the communication network between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform based on the communication route, and deploy a transfer server at the transfer node; Obtain the category of the data to be communicated, and configure a distributed downlink communication interface and a unified uplink communication interface for the transit server based on the category of the data to be communicated; Data transmission module for: Based on the distributed downlink communication interface, the output data of the data acquisition unit, the fault warning unit and the fault location unit are periodically traversed respectively, and when the output data is found, the output data is carried based on the data queue; Obtain the output data after carrying from the queue based on the distributed downlink communication interface, and standardize the output data based on the transit server; Adding an auxiliary authentication tag to the standardization result based on the transfer server, encapsulating the added result into a network transmission file, and uploading the network transmission file to the main station platform based on the unified uplink communication interface; Instruction transmission module, used for: Based on the upload results of the network transmission files, the control instructions issued by the main station platform are received in real time, and after receiving the control instructions, the communication status of the communication links corresponding to the distributed downlink communication interface and the unified uplink communication interface are self-checked; When it is determined based on the self-check result that the communication link is occupied, a temporary communication link is allocated to the distributed downlink communication interface and the unified uplink communication interface based on the network transmission protocol, and permissions are configured for the temporary communication link; Based on the authority configuration result, the control command is sent to the monitoring terminal through the temporary communication link; When the communication link is not occupied, the control instruction is sent to the monitoring terminal based on the communication link corresponding to the distributed downlink communication interface and the unified uplink communication interface.

[0013] Further, a transfer node is configured in the communication network between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform based on the communication route, including: Determine the network equipment between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform; Extracting historical operating parameters of each network device, wherein the historical operating parameters include bandwidth, data transmission delay rate, packet loss rate, load and network attack frequency, wherein the load refers to the ratio of the processed data flow of the network device to its maximum processed data flow; Obtaining an operation quality evaluation coefficient using the bandwidth, data transmission delay rate, packet loss rate, load load and network attack frequency; The operation quality evaluation coefficient is obtained by the following formula: ; Wherein, Q represents the operation quality evaluation coefficient; n represents the number of unit time experienced by the network equipment operation, and the unit time is 1s; G fi represents the network attack frequency corresponding to the i-th unit time; B i represents the operating bandwidth corresponding to the i-th unit time; B e Indicates the rated bandwidth corresponding to the network device; D i represents the packet loss rate corresponding to the i-th unit time; F i represents the load corresponding to the i-th unit time; P ti represents the data transmission delay rate corresponding to the i-th unit time; G xrepresents the adjustment coefficient, and the adjustment coefficient is obtained by the following formula: ; Among them, G x represents the adjustment coefficient; n represents the number of unit times experienced by the network device operation, and the unit time is 1s; G fi represents the network attack frequency corresponding to the i-th unit time; B i represents the operating bandwidth corresponding to the i-th unit time; B e Indicates the rated bandwidth corresponding to the network device; D i represents the packet loss rate corresponding to the i-th unit time; F i represents the load corresponding to the i-th unit time; Comparing the operation quality evaluation coefficient with a preset coefficient threshold; When the operation quality evaluation coefficient exceeds a preset coefficient threshold, a transfer node is configured on the network device whose operation quality evaluation coefficient exceeds the preset coefficient threshold.

[0014] Furthermore, the fault location unit includes: Statistics module for: Obtain the total number of distribution network line fault warnings within a preset time period, and determine the number of incorrect fault warnings of the distribution network line according to the distribution network line fault warning results; At the same time, the total number of distribution network line fault locations and the target number of accurate locations in the total number of distribution network line fault locations are determined based on the actual number of fault warnings; The first calculation module is used to calculate the distribution network line fault warning accuracy based on the total number of distribution network line fault warnings and the number of erroneous fault warnings of the distribution network line according to the following formula, and at the same time, calculate the accuracy of the distribution network line fault positioning based on the total number of distribution network line fault positioning and the target number of accurate positioning in the total number of distribution network line fault positioning: ; in, Indicates the accuracy of distribution network line fault warning, and the value range is (0, 1); Represents the error coefficient, and its value range is (0.02, 0.05); Indicates the total number of distribution network line fault warnings; Indicates the number of false fault warnings of the distribution network line, and the value is less than ; ; in, Indicates the accuracy of locating distribution network line faults, and its value range is (0, 1); Indicates the target number of accurate positioning in the total number of distribution network line fault positioning; Indicates the total number of fault location of distribution network lines, and the value is greater than ; Indicates the test distance value between the fault point and the monitoring terminal determined based on the traveling wave signal when locating the distribution network line fault; Indicates the actual distance between the fault point and the monitoring terminal when locating the distribution network line fault; Indicates the accuracy of distribution network line fault warning, and the value range is (0, 1); The second calculation module is used to calculate the comprehensive effect evaluation value of distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning according to the following formula: ; in, Indicates the comprehensive effect evaluation value of distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning; Indicates the target weight corresponding to the accuracy of distribution network line fault warning; Indicates the accuracy of distribution network line fault warning, and the value range is (0, 1); Indicates the accuracy of locating distribution network line faults, and its value range is (0, 1); Compare the calculated comprehensive effect evaluation value with the preset effect threshold; If the calculated comprehensive effect evaluation value is greater than or equal to the preset effect threshold, it is determined that the distribution network line fault warning and positioning are qualified; Otherwise, it is determined that the distribution network line fault warning and positioning are unqualified, and the optimization direction and optimization parameters of the distribution network line fault warning and positioning are determined based on the determination result; Based on the optimization direction and optimization parameters, the distribution network line fault warning and positioning are optimized until the calculated comprehensive effect evaluation value is greater than or equal to the preset effect threshold.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The data acquisition unit collects distribution network line data and traveling wave signals in real time and accurately to ensure the real-time and accuracy of the data. The fault warning unit can timely discover abnormal changes in the distribution network and quickly identify the fault type by performing real-time analysis on the pre-processed data. Timely fault warning helps operation and maintenance personnel take measures in advance to prevent the fault from further expanding, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the distribution network. The fault location unit uses the correlation between the speed and time of the current traveling wave propagating in the cable to accurately calculate the location of the fault and determine the pole data of the fault point, thereby reducing the time for operation and maintenance personnel to troubleshoot the fault and improving the efficiency of fault handling. The communication unit can send the output data of the data acquisition, fault warning and fault location units to the master station platform and receive the control instructions of the master station platform. The operation and maintenance personnel can remotely monitor the operating status of the distribution network and handle faults in a timely manner, thereby improving the convenience and efficiency of operation and maintenance, realizing intelligent monitoring and management of the distribution network, improving the safety and reliability of the distribution network, reducing operation and maintenance costs, and improving operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0016] 2. By processing the distribution network line data and traveling wave signals, the multi-scale difference decomposition scales of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signals are determined according to the processing results, so as to realize multi-scale decomposition of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signals according to the multi-scale difference decomposition scales. Secondly, the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signals after multi-scale decomposition are adaptively filtered, and the results after data filtering are reconstructed to realize accurate and effective acquisition of the filtered data, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the filtering results. Finally, by determining the data business attributes of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signals, rigorous and reliable standardized processing of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signals is realized according to the data business attributes, thereby ensuring the preprocessing effect of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signals, thereby providing reliable data support for distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning.

[0017] 3. By determining the communication network between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform and the communication route in the communication network, a transfer node is configured in the communication network between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform, and a transfer server is deployed at the transfer node, so as to facilitate the processing of the data sent by the monitoring terminal and the main station platform. Secondly, a distributed downlink communication interface and a unified uplink communication interface are configured on the transfer server to achieve effective reception of the output data of different units through the distributed downlink communication interface, and the received data is standardized and an attached authentication tag is added, so as to facilitate the accurate and effective transmission of the processed data to the main station platform through the unified uplink communication interface. Finally, during transmission, the control instructions issued by the main station platform are monitored in real time, and after the control instructions exist, the communication status of the communication link is self-checked, and the control instructions are transmitted according to the command transmission scheme corresponding to different situations according to the self-check results, thereby improving the reliability of data communication between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform, and also providing great convenience for the early warning and precise positioning of distribution network line faults.

[0018] 4. By respectively calculating the accuracy of distribution network line fault warning and the accuracy of distribution network line fault positioning, and secondly, accurately evaluating the comprehensive effect evaluation value of distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning according to the calculated distribution network line fault warning accuracy and distribution network line fault positioning accuracy, it is convenient to optimize the distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning scheme in time when the distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning do not meet the requirements, thereby improving the effect of distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a module diagram of the distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In order to solve the technical problem of low accuracy of fault location, due to the complexity of the power grid, there may be false alarms or missed alarms in actual operation. In practical applications, accurate fault location is crucial for rapid power restoration and reducing power outage time. Please refer to Figure 1 , this embodiment provides the following technical solutions: Distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning system, including: The data acquisition unit is used to deploy monitoring terminals at each acquisition node. The monitoring terminals collect distribution network line data in real time, such as distribution network line load current, distribution network line voltage and other related operating parameters. At the same time, they collect traveling wave signals in the distribution network and pre-process the acquired distribution network line data and traveling wave signals, including: The distribution network line monitoring module is used to install a monitoring terminal on the distribution network line, and collect the data of the distribution network line in real time based on the monitoring terminal, including load current, distribution network line voltage and operating parameters such as power factor, harmonic content, three-phase imbalance, etc.; The monitoring terminal management module is used to manage and control the monitoring terminals of each collection node, and perform real-time load monitoring, area load query and load intelligent analysis on the monitoring terminals; A traveling wave signal acquisition module is used to monitor the traveling wave signals in the distribution network in real time, wherein the traveling wave signals include fault traveling waves and lightning traveling waves; The data preprocessing module is used to perform data filtering, denoising and standardization on the collected distribution network line data and traveling wave signals, and convert the traveling wave signals into digital signals; In this embodiment, the distribution network line monitoring module further includes: The load real-time monitoring is used to track the distribution network line load in real time, display load information, and monitor three-phase imbalance and overload conditions; The load query of the substation is used to query the real-time current, voltage, active power and reactive power of the transformer in the distribution network line; The load intelligent analysis simulates the "opening or closing" operation of the switch in the distribution network line, analyzes the new topology structure generated after the operation and determines the load data of the distribution network line; In this embodiment, the real-time monitoring terminal collects the load current, voltage and operating parameters of the distribution network line, tracks the load of the distribution network line, displays the load information, and monitors the three-phase imbalance and overload conditions, which helps the operation and maintenance personnel to timely understand the operating status of the distribution network line, and provide data support for fault location and lightning protection measures. The real-time load monitoring, area load query and load intelligent analysis functions help the operation and maintenance personnel to quickly understand the operating status of the transformer, timely discover and handle abnormal conditions in the operation of the transformer, and help the operation and maintenance personnel predict the impact of different operations on the load of the distribution network line, provide decision support for optimizing the operation of the distribution network line, and improve the operating efficiency and safety of the distribution network line; The fault warning unit is used to obtain the pre-processed distribution network line data, analyze the abnormal changes of the data in real time, determine whether the power distribution is abnormal, identify the abnormal data, match the corresponding fault type based on the identification result, and issue an audible and visual alarm based on the fault type; A fault location unit is used to obtain the pre-processed traveling wave signal based on the fault result of the distribution network line, calculate the location of the fault based on the correlation between the speed and time of the current traveling wave propagating in the cable, and determine the pole location data of the fault point based on the distribution network line data; The communication unit is used to send the output data of the data acquisition unit, the fault warning unit and the fault locating unit to the main station platform, and at the same time, receive the control instructions issued by the main station platform. The main station platform displays the fault warning information and the locating information in an intuitive manner, including a detailed display and report of the current load conditions borne by the distribution network line, the real-time current and load conditions of the distribution network line and its curve, detailed information of the monitoring point, load information displayed on the single-line diagram, etc., so as to more intuitively understand the operation of the distribution network line, provide support for decision-making, and facilitate operation and maintenance personnel to understand the fault conditions. Through a friendly human-computer interaction interface, operation and maintenance personnel can view fault warning information and locating information, as well as perform equipment configuration and management operations.

[0022] In this embodiment, the data acquisition unit collects the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal in real time and accurately to ensure the real-time and accuracy of the data. The fault warning unit can timely discover the abnormal changes in the distribution network and quickly identify the fault type by performing real-time analysis on the pre-processed data. The timely fault warning helps the operation and maintenance personnel to take measures in advance to prevent the fault from further expanding, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the distribution network. The fault location unit uses the correlation between the speed and time of the current traveling wave propagating in the cable to accurately calculate the location of the fault and determine the fixed pole data of the fault point, thereby reducing the time for the operation and maintenance personnel to troubleshoot the fault and improving the efficiency of fault handling. The communication unit can send the output data of the data acquisition, fault warning and fault location units to the master station platform and receive the control instructions of the master station platform. The operation and maintenance personnel can remotely monitor the operating status of the distribution network and handle the fault in time, thereby improving the convenience and efficiency of operation and maintenance, realizing intelligent monitoring and management of the distribution network, improving the safety and reliability of the distribution network, reducing the operation and maintenance costs, and improving the operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0023] In this embodiment, the fault warning unit includes: A fault identification module is used to extract the fault time series corresponding to the fault data of each monitoring point of the distribution network line, obtain the current and voltage characteristics of the fault data corresponding to the fault time series, and identify the fault type based on the current and voltage characteristics of the fault data, wherein the fault type includes a short circuit fault and a ground fault; The abnormal monitoring module is used to obtain the distribution network line data in real time, including current, voltage, power factor, equipment temperature and load conditions; at the same time, it obtains the environmental data of the distribution network line, captures the abnormal discharge process before the fault occurs, and identifies the discharge type based on the abnormal discharge characteristics of the abnormal discharge process; In this embodiment, the abnormality monitoring module identifies the discharge type, including: Tree barrier hidden danger discharge warning: Real-time monitoring of whether there is super-high vegetation in the distribution network line corridor, and locating tree barrier hidden danger points. When the tree line distance is less than the preset critical spacing value, a tree barrier hidden danger warning information is issued; Hardware floating discharge warning: Real-time monitoring and positioning of abnormal discharge hardware on the distribution network line. When the discharge intensity reaches the preset warning value, the hardware abnormality warning information is issued, and relevant personnel can check it in time to prevent the occurrence of hardware breakage and falling accidents; Insulator degradation discharge warning: Real-time monitoring and positioning of insulators with degradation discharge. When insulators degrade and discharge, insulator degradation warning information is issued to prompt operation and maintenance personnel to handle it in time to prevent composite insulator fracture failure. Insulator contamination discharge warning: Real-time monitoring and positioning of contaminated insulators on distribution lines. When the insulator surface is contaminated and causes discharge, an insulator contamination warning message is issued to prompt the operation and maintenance personnel to handle it, so as to prevent the distribution line from tripping due to insulator contamination flashover; Distribution line ice discharge warning: real-time monitoring of the ice discharge of insulators along the entire line. When insulators discharge due to ice, an ice warning message for the distribution line is issued to facilitate operation and maintenance personnel to melt ice in time and prevent ice flash tripping. The early warning module is used to trigger the alarm mechanism based on the fault type output by the fault discrimination module, and issue an audible and visual alarm instruction corresponding to the fault type; and to trigger the early warning mechanism based on the discharge type output by the abnormal monitoring module, and issue an early warning instruction corresponding to the discharge type.

[0024] In this embodiment, the fault identification module accurately identifies the fault type based on the current and voltage characteristics of the fault data, which helps the operation and maintenance personnel to quickly locate the source of the fault and take corresponding treatment measures according to the fault type to improve the efficiency of fault handling. The abnormal monitoring module can monitor various abnormal discharge processes in the distribution network line in real time, including tree barrier hidden danger discharge, hardware floating discharge, insulator deterioration discharge, insulator contamination discharge and distribution network line ice discharge, etc. Through real-time monitoring and early warning, these hidden dangers can be discovered and handled in time to prevent the occurrence of faults. The alarm mechanism of the early warning module helps the operation and maintenance personnel to respond to and handle faults quickly, reduce the impact of faults on the operation of the distribution network, and trigger the early warning mechanism according to the discharge type output by the abnormal monitoring module, which can help the operation and maintenance personnel to more accurately understand the type and location of abnormal discharge, so as to take corresponding treatment measures, reduce the frequency and scope of manual inspections, and reduce operation and maintenance costs.

[0025] In this embodiment, the fault location unit includes: The section positioning module is used to detect and compare the amplitude and polarity of the steady-state zero-sequence current of each faulty distribution network line, and determine the specific distribution network line and section range where the fault occurs based on the comparison results; In this embodiment, the section positioning module determines the specific distribution network line and section range where the fault occurs, specifically: Based on the judgment result of the fault judgment module, after determining that the distribution network line has a fault, the steady-state zero-sequence current of each distribution network line is detected, and the amplitude and polarity of the steady-state zero-sequence current of each distribution network line are compared; The distribution lines whose zero-sequence current amplitude is significantly higher than other distribution lines and whose zero-sequence current polarities on both sides of the fault point are opposite are extracted as fault distribution lines; Based on the distribution characteristics of the steady-state zero-sequence current of the faulty distribution network line, the key nodes of the faulty distribution network line are constructed, the zero-sequence current amplitudes of the key nodes of the faulty distribution network line are compared, and the location interval of the fault point is determined; In this embodiment, the zero-sequence current of the fault-free distribution network line is equal to the distributed capacitance current of its downstream distribution network line to the ground, flowing from the busbar to the distribution network line, and the farther away from the busbar, the smaller its value is, and it is almost zero at the end of the distribution network line; the zero-sequence current of the faulty distribution network line is equal to the capacitance current of the downstream of the faulty distribution network line to the ground, flowing from the busbar to the distribution network line, and the farther away from the fault point, the smaller its value is, and it is almost zero at the end of the distribution network line; the zero-sequence current upstream of the faulty distribution network line is equal to the distributed capacitance to the ground of all fault-free distribution network lines plus the distributed capacitance current between the fault point and the busbar, from the distribution network line to the busbar; since the farther away from the busbar, the larger its value is, the maximum value of the zero-sequence current is located at the fault point; for the faulty distribution network line, the zero-sequence currents on the left and right sides of the fault point flow in opposite directions, and in general, the amplitude upstream of the fault point is much larger than the amplitude downstream, so the fault interval judgment can be realized according to this feature; Traveling wave positioning module for: Obtain the processed traveling wave signal, and calculate the distance between the fault point and the monitoring terminal by using the propagation speed of the traveling wave in the cable and the time difference between the occurrence of the fault and the arrival of the traveling wave signal at the monitoring terminal; Obtain geographic information and pole tower distribution data of the distribution network line, and determine the specific pole location data of the fault point based on the calculation results combined with the geographic information and pole tower distribution data of the distribution network line; In this embodiment, through the accurate and rapid fault location of the fault location unit, the operation and maintenance personnel can quickly find the fault point and repair it, thereby reducing the power outage time and improving the reliability and power supply quality of the power grid. Accurate positioning can reduce the inspection scope and time of the operation and maintenance personnel and reduce labor costs. At the same time, rapid fault repair can also reduce the economic losses caused by power outages. Timely and accurate detection and handling of faults can prevent the expansion of faults, reduce equipment damage and the occurrence of safety accidents, and improve the safety of power grid operation.

[0026] This embodiment provides a distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system, a data preprocessing module, including: Obtain the obtained distribution network line data and traveling wave signal, and convert the distribution network line data and traveling wave signal into the frequency domain based on Fourier transform, and determine the frequency components of the distribution network line data and traveling wave signal in the frequency domain and the relative strength of the frequency components based on the conversion results; Determine the multi-scale difference decomposition scales of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal based on the frequency components and the relative strengths of the frequency components, and perform multi-scale decomposition on the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal based on the multi-scale difference decomposition scales; Based on the multi-scale decomposition results, characteristic frequency distribution characteristics of distribution network line data and traveling wave signals at different scales are determined respectively, and adaptive filtering parameters at different scales are determined respectively based on the characteristic frequency distribution characteristics; Based on the adaptive filtering parameters, the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal are respectively filtered, and the data filtering results at different scales are reconstructed to obtain the filtered data of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave data; Acquire data service attributes of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal, and determine data standardization intervals of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal respectively based on the data service attributes; Determine the reference data values ​​of the filter data of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave data respectively based on the data standardization interval, and perform standardization processing on the filter data of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave data in turn according to the reference data values ​​based on the preset calculation rules to obtain the standardized data values; Based on the execution order, the standardized data values ​​of the filtered data of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave data are statistically summarized to complete the standardized processing of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal.

[0027] In this embodiment, the frequency domain refers to a representation method that can display the frequency components and intensities of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal.

[0028] In this embodiment, the relative strength refers to the change in the values ​​of different components of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal.

[0029] In this embodiment, the multi-scale difference decomposition scale is determined according to the frequency distribution characteristics of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal, and is used to split the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal, thereby facilitating effective data filtering processing of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal.

[0030] In this embodiment, the frequency distribution characteristics refer to the data changes of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal at different scales.

[0031] In this embodiment, the adaptive filtering parameter refers to the intensity of filtering the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal at different scales, that is, the specific limiting conditions of the filtering.

[0032] In this embodiment, data filtering refers to removing noise and interference data in the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal, in order to extract high-quality distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal.

[0033] In this embodiment, the filtered data refers to data obtained after data filtering is performed on the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal, and filtering results at different scales are re-associated.

[0034] In this embodiment, the data service attribute refers to the service category corresponding to the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal, that is, the purpose to be achieved by the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal.

[0035] In this embodiment, the data standardization interval is used to represent a specific value interval defined when standardizing the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal, for example, it may be [0, 1].

[0036] In this embodiment, the reference data value refers to specific data that can be selected from the filtered data of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave data and can be subjected to standardization processing, for example, it can be the maximum value and the minimum value of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave data.

[0037] In this embodiment, the preset calculation rules are set in advance and are specific rules for standardizing the filtered data of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave data according to the benchmark data value. For example, when the standardization interval is [0, 1], the preset calculation rules can be to find the minimum and maximum values ​​in the data, subtract the minimum value from each data point, and then divide it by (maximum value - minimum value) to obtain the standardized value.

[0038] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: by processing the distribution network line data and traveling wave signals, the multi-scale difference decomposition scales of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signals are determined according to the processing results, thereby realizing multi-scale decomposition of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signals according to the multi-scale difference decomposition scales; secondly, the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signals after the multi-scale decomposition are adaptively filtered, and the results after the data filtering are reconstructed, so as to realize accurate and effective acquisition of the filtered data, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the filtering results; finally, by determining the data business attributes of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signals, rigorous and reliable standardized processing of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signals is realized according to the data business attributes, thereby ensuring the preprocessing effect of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signals, thereby providing reliable data support for the early warning and precise positioning of distribution network line faults.

[0039] This embodiment provides a distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system, a communication unit, including: Data acquisition module, used to: Obtain output data from the data acquisition unit, the fault warning unit, and the fault location unit. At the same time, extract the communication network between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform and the communication route in the communication network, and configure a transfer node in the communication network between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform based on the communication route, and deploy a transfer server at the transfer node; Obtain the category of the data to be communicated, and configure a distributed downlink communication interface and a unified uplink communication interface for the transit server based on the category of the data to be communicated; Data transmission module for: Based on the distributed downlink communication interface, the output data of the data acquisition unit, the fault warning unit and the fault location unit are periodically traversed respectively, and when the output data is found, the output data is carried based on the data queue; Obtain the output data after carrying from the queue based on the distributed downlink communication interface, and standardize the output data based on the transit server; Adding an auxiliary authentication tag to the standardization result based on the transfer server, encapsulating the added result into a network transmission file, and uploading the network transmission file to the main station platform based on the unified uplink communication interface; Instruction transmission module, used for: Based on the upload results of the network transmission files, the control instructions issued by the main station platform are received in real time, and after receiving the control instructions, the communication status of the communication links corresponding to the distributed downlink communication interface and the unified uplink communication interface are self-checked; When it is determined based on the self-check result that the communication link is occupied, a temporary communication link is allocated to the distributed downlink communication interface and the unified uplink communication interface based on the network transmission protocol, and permissions are configured for the temporary communication link; Based on the authority configuration result, the control command is sent to the monitoring terminal through the temporary communication link; When the communication link is not occupied, the control instruction is sent to the monitoring terminal based on the communication link corresponding to the distributed downlink communication interface and the unified uplink communication interface.

[0040] In this embodiment, the communication route refers to the communication method between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform in the communication network.

[0041] In this embodiment, the transfer node refers to a data node that manages data interaction between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform, and is used to unify the format of and forward the interaction data between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform.

[0042] In this embodiment, the transfer server refers to a server that processes data between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform.

[0043] In this embodiment, the category of data to be communicated refers to the type of data that needs to be communicated.

[0044] In this embodiment, the distributed downlink communication interface refers to an interface for the transit server to interact with the data acquisition unit, the fault warning unit, and the fault location unit.

[0045] In this embodiment, the unified uplink communication interface refers to an interface for interacting with the main station platform through the transit server, and there is only one interface.

[0046] In this embodiment, the data queue is a carrier for transmitting the data to be transmitted.

[0047] In this embodiment, the subsidiary authentication tag refers to the time information and category information corresponding to the standardization processing result, and is used to represent the basic information of the output data.

[0048] In this embodiment, the temporary communication link is a communication link temporarily established between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform in the communication network for transmitting control instructions.

[0049] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: by determining the communication network between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform and the communication route in the communication network, a transfer node is configured in the communication network between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform, and a transfer server is deployed at the transfer node, so as to facilitate the processing of the data sent by the monitoring terminal and the main station platform. Secondly, a distributed downlink communication interface and a unified uplink communication interface are configured on the transfer server to achieve effective reception of the output data of different units through the distributed downlink communication interface, and the received data is standardized and an attached authentication tag is added, so as to facilitate the accurate and effective transmission of the processed data to the main station platform through the unified uplink communication interface. Finally, during transmission, the control instructions issued by the main station platform are monitored in real time, and after the control instructions exist, the communication status of the communication link is self-checked, so as to achieve the transmission of the control instructions using the instruction transmission scheme corresponding to different situations according to the self-check results, thereby improving the reliability of data communication between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform, and also providing great convenience for the early warning and precise positioning of distribution network line faults.

[0050] Specifically, configuring a transfer node in a communication network between a monitoring terminal and a main station platform based on a communication route includes: Determine the network equipment between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform; Extracting historical operating parameters of each network device, wherein the historical operating parameters include bandwidth, data transmission delay rate, packet loss rate, load and network attack frequency, wherein the load refers to the ratio of the processed data flow of the network device to its maximum processed data flow; Obtaining an operation quality evaluation coefficient using the bandwidth, data transmission delay rate, packet loss rate, load load and network attack frequency; The operation quality evaluation coefficient is obtained by the following formula: ; Wherein, Q represents the operation quality evaluation coefficient; n represents the number of unit time experienced by the network equipment operation, and the unit time is 1s; G fi represents the network attack frequency corresponding to the i-th unit time; B i represents the operating bandwidth corresponding to the i-th unit time; B e Indicates the rated bandwidth corresponding to the network device; D i represents the packet loss rate corresponding to the i-th unit time; F i represents the load corresponding to the i-th unit time; P ti represents the data transmission delay rate corresponding to the i-th unit time; G x represents the adjustment coefficient, and the adjustment coefficient is obtained by the following formula: ; Among them, G x represents the adjustment coefficient; n represents the number of unit times experienced by the network device operation, and the unit time is 1s; G fi represents the network attack frequency corresponding to the i-th unit time; B i represents the operating bandwidth corresponding to the i-th unit time; B e Indicates the rated bandwidth corresponding to the network device; D i represents the packet loss rate corresponding to the i-th unit time; F i represents the load corresponding to the i-th unit time; Comparing the operation quality evaluation coefficient with a preset coefficient threshold; When the operation quality evaluation coefficient exceeds a preset coefficient threshold, a transfer node is configured on the network device whose operation quality evaluation coefficient exceeds the preset coefficient threshold.

[0051] The technical effect of the above technical solution is: by comprehensively evaluating the bandwidth, data transmission delay rate, packet loss rate, load load and network attack frequency of network equipment, the solution can accurately identify potential bottlenecks and weak links in network communications. In particular, the operation quality evaluation coefficient Q is introduced, which comprehensively considers multiple key performance indicators and can fully reflect the operating status of network equipment. The adjustment coefficient G in the solution x Dynamic adjustment is made according to the actual operation status of network devices in different unit time to ensure that the evaluation coefficient Q can accurately reflect the real performance of network devices. This dynamic adjustment mechanism helps to optimize the allocation of network resources and avoid excessive concentration of resources on certain devices, which leads to network bottlenecks. By properly configuring the transit nodes, network traffic can be balanced to ensure efficient use of network resources. As an important parameter of the evaluation coefficient Q, the network attack frequency reflects the degree of security threats faced by network devices. By monitoring and evaluating the network attack frequency, the solution can take preventive measures before or in the early stage of the attack, such as configuring transit nodes to disperse the attack targets and reduce the risk of a single device being attacked. In addition, the configuration of transit nodes can also serve as an additional security barrier to filter and detect the passing data to further enhance the security of the network. The solution monitors the operation status of network devices in real time and configures transit nodes based on the operation quality evaluation coefficient, so that network maintenance personnel can promptly discover and solve network problems. At the same time, as the network scale expands and the business grows, the configuration of transit nodes can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to new network environments and business needs. This flexibility and scalability help reduce the cost of network maintenance and upgrades. The solution combines real-time monitoring, data analysis, intelligent decision-making and other aspects to achieve intelligent management of network communications. By continuously collecting and analyzing the operating data of network equipment, the configuration strategy of transit nodes can be continuously optimized to improve the performance and efficiency of network communications. This intelligent development trend helps promote innovation and progress in network technology.

[0052] In summary, this technical solution configures a transit node in the communication network between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform, which can not only improve the stability and reliability of network communication, optimize network resource allocation, and enhance network security, but also improve the maintainability and scalability of the network and promote the intelligent development of the network. These technical effects are of great significance for building an efficient, secure, and reliable network communication system.

[0053] This embodiment provides a distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system, and a fault positioning unit, including: Statistics module for: Obtain the total number of distribution network line fault warnings within a preset time period, and determine the number of incorrect fault warnings of the distribution network line according to the distribution network line fault warning results; At the same time, the total number of distribution network line fault locations and the target number of accurate locations in the total number of distribution network line fault locations are determined based on the actual number of fault warnings; The first calculation module is used to calculate the distribution network line fault warning accuracy based on the total number of distribution network line fault warnings and the number of erroneous fault warnings of the distribution network line according to the following formula, and at the same time, calculate the accuracy of the distribution network line fault positioning based on the total number of distribution network line fault positioning and the target number of accurate positioning in the total number of distribution network line fault positioning: ; in, Indicates the accuracy of distribution network line fault warning, and the value range is (0, 1); Represents the error coefficient, and its value range is (0.02, 0.05); Indicates the total number of distribution network line fault warnings; Indicates the number of false fault warnings of the distribution network line, and the value is less than ; ; in, Indicates the accuracy of locating distribution network line faults, and its value range is (0, 1); Indicates the target number of accurate positioning in the total number of distribution network line fault positioning; Indicates the total number of fault location of distribution network lines, and the value is greater than ; Indicates the test distance value between the fault point and the monitoring terminal determined based on the traveling wave signal when locating the distribution network line fault; Indicates the actual distance between the fault point and the monitoring terminal when locating the distribution network line fault; Indicates the accuracy of distribution network line fault warning, and the value range is (0, 1); The second calculation module is used to calculate the comprehensive effect evaluation value of distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning according to the following formula: ; in, Indicates the comprehensive effect evaluation value of distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning; Indicates the target weight corresponding to the distribution network line fault warning accuracy rate; Indicates the accuracy of distribution network line fault warning, and the value range is (0, 1); Indicates the accuracy of locating distribution network line faults, and its value range is (0, 1); Compare the calculated comprehensive effect evaluation value with a preset effect threshold; If the calculated comprehensive effect evaluation value is greater than or equal to the preset effect threshold, it is determined that the distribution network line fault warning and positioning are qualified; Otherwise, it is determined that the distribution network line fault warning and positioning are unqualified, and the optimization direction and optimization parameters of the distribution network line fault warning and positioning are determined based on the determination result; Based on the optimization direction and optimization parameters, the distribution network line fault warning and positioning are optimized until the calculated comprehensive effect evaluation value is greater than or equal to the preset effect threshold.

[0054] In this embodiment, the comprehensive effect evaluation value is used to characterize the effectiveness of the distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning. The larger the value, the better the distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning effect.

[0055] In this embodiment, the target weight is used to characterize the importance of the distribution network line fault warning accuracy and the distribution network line fault location accuracy in the effect evaluation, and is known in advance.

[0056] In this embodiment, the preset effect threshold is set in advance and is used to measure whether the comprehensive effect evaluation value meets the minimum standard required, and can be adjusted.

[0057] In this embodiment, the optimization direction and optimization parameter refer to specific parameter categories for distribution network line fault early warning and location optimization, as well as the specific degree of optimization of the specific parameter categories.

[0058] The working principle and beneficial effect of the above technical solution are: by respectively calculating the accuracy of distribution network line fault warning and the accuracy of distribution network line fault positioning, and secondly, accurately evaluating the comprehensive effect evaluation value of distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning according to the calculated distribution network line fault warning accuracy and the accuracy of distribution network line fault positioning, so as to facilitate timely optimization of the distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning scheme when the distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning do not meet the requirements, thereby improving the effect of distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system, characterized by: include: A data acquisition unit is used to deploy a monitoring terminal at each acquisition node, wherein the monitoring terminal collects distribution network line data in real time, collects traveling wave signals in the distribution network, and pre-processes the acquired distribution network line data and traveling wave signals; The fault warning unit is used to obtain the pre-processed distribution network line data, analyze the abnormal changes of the data in real time, determine whether the power distribution is abnormal, identify the abnormal data, match the corresponding fault type based on the identification result, and issue an audible and visual alarm based on the fault type; A fault location unit is used to obtain the pre-processed traveling wave signal based on the fault result of the distribution network line, calculate the location of the fault based on the correlation between the speed and time of the current traveling wave propagating in the cable, and determine the pole location data of the fault point based on the distribution network line data; The communication unit is used to send the output data of the data acquisition unit, the fault warning unit and the fault location unit to the main station platform, and at the same time, receive the control instructions issued by the main station platform.

2. The distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Data acquisition unit, including: The distribution network line monitoring module is used to install a monitoring terminal on the distribution network line and collect data of the distribution network line in real time based on the monitoring terminal, including load current, distribution network line voltage and operating parameters; The monitoring terminal management module is used to manage and control the monitoring terminals of each collection node, and perform real-time load monitoring, area load query and load intelligent analysis on the monitoring terminals; The load real-time monitoring is used to track the distribution network line load in real time, display load information, and monitor three-phase imbalance and overload conditions; The load query of the substation is used to query the real-time current, voltage, active power and reactive power of the transformer in the distribution network line; The load intelligent analysis simulates the operation of switches in the distribution network line, analyzes the new topology structure generated after the operation and determines the load data of the distribution network line; A traveling wave signal acquisition module is used to monitor the traveling wave signals in the distribution network in real time, wherein the traveling wave signals include fault traveling waves and lightning traveling waves; The data preprocessing module is used to perform data filtering, denoising and standardization on the collected distribution network line data and traveling wave signals, and convert the traveling wave signals into digital signals.

3. The distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Data preprocessing module, including: Obtain the obtained distribution network line data and traveling wave signal, and convert the distribution network line data and traveling wave signal into the frequency domain based on Fourier transform, and determine the frequency components of the distribution network line data and traveling wave signal in the frequency domain and the relative strength of the frequency components based on the conversion results; Determine the multi-scale difference decomposition scales of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal based on the frequency components and the relative strengths of the frequency components, and perform multi-scale decomposition on the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal based on the multi-scale difference decomposition scales; Based on the multi-scale decomposition results, characteristic frequency distribution characteristics of distribution network line data and traveling wave signals at different scales are determined respectively, and adaptive filtering parameters at different scales are determined respectively based on the characteristic frequency distribution characteristics; Based on the adaptive filtering parameters, the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal are respectively filtered, and the data filtering results at different scales are reconstructed to obtain the filtered data of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave data; Acquire data service attributes of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal, and determine data standardization intervals of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal respectively based on the data service attributes; Determine the reference data values ​​of the filter data of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave data respectively based on the data standardization interval, and perform standardization processing on the filter data of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave data in turn according to the reference data values ​​based on the preset calculation rules to obtain the standardized data values; Based on the execution order, the standardized data values ​​of the filtered data of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave data are statistically summarized to complete the standardized processing of the distribution network line data and the traveling wave signal.

4. The distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Fault warning unit, including: A fault identification module is used to extract the fault time series corresponding to the fault data of each monitoring point of the distribution network line, obtain the current and voltage characteristics of the fault data corresponding to the fault time series, and identify the fault type based on the current and voltage characteristics of the fault data, wherein the fault type includes a short circuit fault and a ground fault; The abnormal monitoring module is used to obtain the distribution network line data in real time, including current, voltage, power factor, equipment temperature and load conditions; at the same time, it obtains the environmental data of the distribution network line, captures the abnormal discharge process before the fault occurs, and identifies the discharge type based on the abnormal discharge characteristics of the abnormal discharge process; The early warning module is used to trigger the alarm mechanism based on the fault type output by the fault discrimination module, and issue an audible and visual alarm instruction corresponding to the fault type; and to trigger the early warning mechanism based on the discharge type output by the abnormal monitoring module, and issue an early warning instruction corresponding to the discharge type.

5. The distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The abnormal monitoring module identifies the discharge type, including: Tree barrier hidden danger discharge warning: Real-time monitoring of whether there is super-high vegetation in the distribution network line corridor, and locating tree barrier hidden danger points. When the tree line distance is less than the preset critical spacing value, a tree barrier hidden danger warning information is issued; Hardware floating discharge warning: Real-time monitoring and positioning of abnormal discharge hardware on the distribution network line. When the discharge intensity reaches the preset warning value, the abnormal hardware warning information is issued; Insulator degradation discharge warning: Real-time monitoring and positioning of insulators with degradation discharge. When insulators degrade and discharge, insulator degradation warning information is issued; Insulator contamination discharge warning: Real-time monitoring and positioning of contaminated insulators on distribution lines. When the insulator surface is contaminated and causes discharge, an insulator contamination warning message is issued; Distribution network line icing discharge warning: Real-time monitoring of the icing discharge of insulators along the entire line. When insulators discharge due to icing, an icing warning for the distribution network line is issued.

6. The distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Fault location unit, comprising: The section positioning module is used to detect and compare the amplitude and polarity of the steady-state zero-sequence current of each faulty distribution network line, and determine the specific distribution network line and section range where the fault occurs based on the comparison results; Traveling wave positioning module for: Obtain the processed traveling wave signal, and calculate the distance between the fault point and the monitoring terminal by using the propagation speed of the traveling wave in the cable and the time difference between the occurrence of the fault and the arrival of the traveling wave signal at the monitoring terminal; Obtain the geographic information of the distribution network line and the pole tower distribution data, and determine the specific pole location data of the fault point based on the calculation results combined with the geographic information of the distribution network line and the pole tower distribution data.

7. The distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The section positioning module determines the specific distribution network line and section range where the fault occurs, specifically: Based on the judgment result of the fault judgment module, after determining that the distribution network line has a fault, the steady-state zero-sequence current of each distribution network line is detected, and the amplitude and polarity of the steady-state zero-sequence current of each distribution network line are compared; The distribution lines whose zero-sequence current amplitude is significantly higher than other distribution lines and whose zero-sequence current polarities on both sides of the fault point are opposite are extracted as fault distribution lines; Based on the distribution characteristics of the steady-state zero-sequence current of the faulty distribution network line, the key nodes of the faulty distribution network line are constructed, the zero-sequence current amplitudes of the key nodes of the faulty distribution network line are compared, and the location interval of the fault point is determined.

8. The distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A communication unit comprising: Data acquisition module, used to: Obtain output data from the data acquisition unit, the fault warning unit, and the fault location unit. At the same time, extract the communication network between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform and the communication route in the communication network, and configure a transfer node in the communication network between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform based on the communication route, and deploy a transfer server at the transfer node; Obtain the category of the data to be communicated, and configure a distributed downlink communication interface and a unified uplink communication interface for the transit server based on the category of the data to be communicated; Data transmission module for: Based on the distributed downlink communication interface, the output data of the data acquisition unit, the fault warning unit and the fault location unit are periodically traversed respectively, and when the output data is found, the output data is carried based on the data queue; Obtain the output data after carrying from the queue based on the distributed downlink communication interface, and standardize the output data based on the transit server; Adding an auxiliary authentication tag to the standardization result based on the transfer server, encapsulating the added result into a network transmission file, and uploading the network transmission file to the main station platform based on the unified uplink communication interface; Instruction transmission module, used for: Based on the upload results of the network transmission files, the control instructions issued by the main station platform are received in real time, and after receiving the control instructions, the communication status of the communication links corresponding to the distributed downlink communication interface and the unified uplink communication interface are self-checked; When it is determined based on the self-check result that the communication link is occupied, a temporary communication link is allocated to the distributed downlink communication interface and the unified uplink communication interface based on the network transmission protocol, and permissions are configured for the temporary communication link; Based on the authority configuration result, the control command is sent to the monitoring terminal through the temporary communication link; When the communication link is not occupied, the control instruction is sent to the monitoring terminal based on the communication link corresponding to the distributed downlink communication interface and the unified uplink communication interface.

9. The distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Based on the communication route, a transfer node is configured in the communication network between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform, including: Determine the network equipment between the monitoring terminal and the main station platform; Extracting historical operating parameters of each network device, wherein the historical operating parameters include bandwidth, data transmission delay rate, packet loss rate, load and network attack frequency, wherein the load refers to the ratio of the processed data flow of the network device to its maximum processed data flow; Obtaining an operation quality evaluation coefficient using the bandwidth, data transmission delay rate, packet loss rate, load load and network attack frequency; The operation quality evaluation coefficient is obtained by the following formula: ； Wherein, Q represents the operation quality evaluation coefficient; n represents the number of unit time experienced by the network equipment operation, and the unit time is 1s; G fi represents the network attack frequency corresponding to the i-th unit time; B i represents the operating bandwidth corresponding to the i-th unit time; B e Indicates the rated bandwidth corresponding to the network device; D i represents the packet loss rate corresponding to the i-th unit time; F i represents the load corresponding to the i-th unit time; P ti represents the data transmission delay rate corresponding to the i-th unit time; G x represents the adjustment coefficient, and the adjustment coefficient is obtained by the following formula: ； Among them, G x represents the adjustment coefficient; n represents the number of unit times experienced by the network device operation, and the unit time is 1s; G fi represents the network attack frequency corresponding to the i-th unit time; B i represents the operating bandwidth corresponding to the i-th unit time; B e Indicates the rated bandwidth corresponding to the network device; D i represents the packet loss rate corresponding to the i-th unit time; F i represents the load corresponding to the i-th unit time; Comparing the operation quality evaluation coefficient with a preset coefficient threshold; When the operation quality evaluation coefficient exceeds a preset coefficient threshold, a transfer node is configured on the network device whose operation quality evaluation coefficient exceeds the preset coefficient threshold.

10. The distribution network line fault early warning and precise positioning system according to claim 9, characterized in that: Fault location unit, comprising: Statistics module for: Obtain the total number of distribution network line fault warnings within a preset time period, and determine the number of incorrect fault warnings of the distribution network line according to the distribution network line fault warning results; At the same time, the total number of distribution network line fault locations and the target number of accurate locations in the total number of distribution network line fault locations are determined based on the actual number of fault warnings; The first calculation module is used to calculate the distribution network line fault warning accuracy based on the total number of distribution network line fault warnings and the number of erroneous fault warnings of the distribution network line according to the following formula, and at the same time, calculate the accuracy of the distribution network line fault positioning based on the total number of distribution network line fault positioning and the target number of accurate positioning in the total number of distribution network line fault positioning: ； in, Indicates the accuracy of distribution network line fault warning, and the value range is (0, 1); Represents the error coefficient, and its value range is (0.02, 0.05); Indicates the total number of distribution network line fault warnings; Indicates the number of false fault warnings of the distribution network line, and the value is less than ; ； in, Indicates the accuracy of locating distribution network line faults, and its value range is (0, 1); Indicates the target number of accurate positioning in the total number of distribution network line fault positioning; Indicates the total number of fault location of distribution network lines, and the value is greater than ; Indicates the test distance value between the fault point and the monitoring terminal determined based on the traveling wave signal when locating the distribution network line fault; Indicates the actual distance between the fault point and the monitoring terminal when locating the distribution network line fault; Indicates the accuracy of distribution network line fault warning, and the value range is (0, 1); The second calculation module is used to calculate the comprehensive effect evaluation value of distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning according to the following formula: ； in, Indicates the comprehensive effect evaluation value of distribution network line fault warning and precise positioning; Indicates the target weight corresponding to the distribution network line fault warning accuracy rate; Indicates the accuracy of distribution network line fault warning, and the value range is (0, 1); Indicates the accuracy of locating distribution network line faults, and its value range is (0, 1); Compare the calculated comprehensive effect evaluation value with a preset effect threshold; If the calculated comprehensive effect evaluation value is greater than or equal to the preset effect threshold, it is determined that the distribution network line fault warning and positioning are qualified; Otherwise, it is determined that the distribution network line fault warning and positioning are unqualified, and the optimization direction and optimization parameters of the distribution network line fault warning and positioning are determined based on the determination result; Based on the optimization direction and optimization parameters, the distribution network line fault warning and positioning are optimized until the calculated comprehensive effect evaluation value is greater than or equal to the preset effect threshold.

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