Frequency control method and system for auxiliary frequency modulation system of electric hydrogen production device

Abstract

The invention discloses a frequency control method and system for an auxiliary frequency modulation system of an electric hydrogen production device, and belongs to the field of electrical engineering, and the method comprises the following steps: reconstructing an electrolytic cell dynamic response model into an electrolytic cell power regulation characteristic model; establishing a discretization frequency response equation representing the frequency control process of the auxiliary frequency modulation system of the electric hydrogen production device according to the power regulation characteristic model of the electrolytic cell by combining each frequency modulation resource in the power system; taking the minimum system frequency emergency control cost under a preset disturbance event as a target, and combining with the discretization frequency response equation to construct a frequency control model meeting the equipment operation limitation constraint, the system frequency safety constraint and the system stability control measure constraint in the system; and solving the frequency control model to obtain a frequency control decision instruction, and sending the frequency control decision instruction to perform frequency control when a preset disturbance event occurs. According to the method, the electric hydrogen production device in the system can be fully utilized, and the effect and economical efficiency of a frequency emergency control scheme are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of electrical engineering, and more specifically, relates to a frequency control method and system for an auxiliary frequency modulation system of an electric hydrogen production device. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale grid connection of new energy sources such as wind and solar, the inertia of the power system is further reduced, which seriously affects the frequency stability of the system after disturbances. However, due to the green and economic requirements of hydrogen production, electric hydrogen production devices often need to cooperate with the access of a large number of new energy power stations, which makes it more difficult to maintain the frequency stability of the system containing electric hydrogen production loads after large disturbances, restricting the access and utilization of new energy grid connection and large-scale hydrogen production loads. Studies have shown that the participation of loads in emergency demand response plans can effectively alleviate the problem of insufficient system frequency regulation capabilities. Electric hydrogen production devices have rapid power regulation capabilities and flexible control. They are suitable for participating in emergency frequency control after large disturbance events in the system and improving system frequency safety.

[0003] At present, there is insufficient understanding of the specific implementation methods and regulation processes of the electric hydrogen production device participating in the system frequency emergency control. In order to realize the participation of the electric hydrogen production device in the system frequency emergency control, it is urgent to accurately characterize the dynamic response process of the electrolyzer. However, the current research on the power regulation of the electrolyzer does not involve the interaction of multiple factors in the operating characteristics, and it is difficult to accurately reflect the transient process in the power regulation. As a result, the corresponding electrolyzer power regulation characteristics cannot adapt to the system frequency emergency control application, affecting the specific implementation of the electric hydrogen production device participating in the frequency regulation.

[0004] In addition, the current system frequency emergency control model has not yet included the hydrogen production unit in the frequency regulation resources, and the corresponding frequency response equation is difficult to reflect the electrolyzer power regulation characteristics that adapt to frequency emergency control. At the same time, in frequency emergency control, it is necessary to achieve fast and accurate frequency response while taking into account control economy. It is necessary to coordinate a variety of frequency regulation resources to minimize the control cost. However, there is still a lack of research on the auxiliary frequency regulation system of hydrogen production units, which has become an important issue restricting the participation of hydrogen production units in system frequency emergency control. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the defects of the prior art and the need for improvement, the present invention provides a frequency control method and system for an auxiliary frequency modulation system of an electric hydrogen production device, which aims to solve the problem that it is difficult for the electric hydrogen production device to participate in frequency emergency control, thereby effectively improving the system frequency emergency control effect and increasing the economy of system frequency control.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, a frequency control method for an auxiliary frequency regulation system of an electric hydrogen production device is provided, comprising: S1, constructing an electrolyzer dynamic response model of an electric hydrogen production device under a current-controlled power regulation mode, and reconstructing the electrolyzer dynamic response model into an electrolyzer power regulation characteristic model; S2, combining various frequency regulation resources in the power system, and establishing a discretized frequency response equation characterizing the frequency control process of the auxiliary frequency regulation system of the electric hydrogen production device according to the electrolyzer power regulation characteristic model; S3, with the goal of minimizing the system frequency emergency control cost under a preset disturbance event, combining the discretized frequency response equation to construct a frequency control model that meets the equipment operation restriction constraints, system frequency safety constraints and system stabilization measure constraints within the system; S4, solving the frequency control model to obtain a frequency control decision instruction, and issuing the frequency control decision instruction to perform frequency control when the preset disturbance event occurs.

[0007] Furthermore, the electrolytic cell dynamic response model includes:

[0008] I ele (t) = I ele,0 +(I ele,∞ -I ele,0 )δ(t)

[0009]

[0010] P ele,0 =f(I ele,0 ,φ0)

[0011] P ele,in =f(I ele,∞ ,φ0)

[0012] P ele,∞ =f(I ele,∞ ,φ ∞ )

[0013] Among them, I ele (t) is the electrolytic cell current in the dynamic process, t is time, I ele,0 is the initial steady-state electrolytic cell current before adjustment, I ele,∞ is the final steady-state electrolytic cell current after adjustment, δ(t) is the step function, φ(t) is the equivalent bubble coverage of the electrolytic cell flow channel in the dynamic process, φ0 is the equivalent bubble coverage of the electrolytic cell flow channel in the initial steady-state before adjustment, φ ∞ is the equivalent bubble coverage of the electrolytic cell flow channel at the end of the steady state after adjustment, L is the length of the electrolytic cell flow channel, v is the electrolyte flow rate, i0 is the initial steady-state electrolytic cell current density before adjustment, i ∞is the final steady-state electrolytic cell current density after adjustment, T is the electrolytic cell operating temperature, T0 is the electrolytic cell initial temperature, P is the electrolytic cell operating pressure, P0 is the electrolytic cell initial pressure, a, b, c are three empirical parameters reflecting the relationship between the electrolytic cell current and the equivalent bubble coverage rate of the flow channel under steady state, P ele,0 is the initial steady-state electrolytic cell power before adjustment, f represents the electrolytic cell power which is a binary function of the current and the equivalent bubble coverage of the flow channel, P ele,in To regulate the transient electrolyzer power, P ele,∞ It is the final steady-state electrolytic cell power after adjustment.

[0014] Furthermore, the electrolytic cell operating point in the electrolytic cell dynamic response model satisfies:

[0015] U cell =U rev +U act.a +U act.c +U ohm

[0016]

[0017] P ele =N cell U cell I ele =f(I ele ,φ)

[0018] Among them, U cell is the cell voltage, U rev is the reversible voltage of the electrolytic cell, U act.a is the anode activation voltage, U act.c is the cathode activation voltage, U ohm is the ohmic voltage, R is the ideal gas constant, T is the operating temperature of the electrolytic cell, n is the number of charges transferred by the electrolytic reaction, α a , α c are the transfer coefficients of the anode and cathode of the electrolytic cell, F is the Faraday constant, I ele is the electrolytic cell current, j 0,a 、j 0,c are the equivalent exchange current density of the anode and cathode of the electrolytic cell, S is the reaction area of ​​the electrolytic cell plate, φ is the equivalent bubble coverage of the electrolytic cell flow channel, R ohm is the ohmic resistance of the electrolytic cell, δ1 is the equivalent conductivity of the electrolyte, l is the distance between the positive and negative electrodes, P ele is the electrolytic cell power, N cell is the number of single-cell electrolytic units connected in series, and f represents the electrolytic cell power, which is a binary function of the current and the equivalent bubble coverage of the flow channel.

[0019] Furthermore, the electrolytic cell power regulation characteristic model includes:

[0020]

[0021] ΔP ele,in =P ele,0 -P ele,in

[0022] ΔP ele,∞ =P ele,0 -P ele,∞

[0023] Among them, ΔP ele (t) is the power adjustment of the electrolytic cell, ΔP ele,in is the transient regulation of electrolytic cell power, ΔP ele,∞ is the final state adjustment value of the electrolytic cell power, T ele is the dynamic time constant of the flow field bubble effect in the electrolytic cell, P ele,0 is the initial steady-state electrolyzer power before adjustment, P ele,in To regulate the transient electrolyzer power, P ele,∞ It is the final steady-state electrolytic cell power after adjustment.

[0024] Furthermore, the discretized frequency response equation is:

[0025]

[0026] T G,i ΔP G,i,n+1 =T G,i ΔP G,i,n +(-ΔP G,i,n -K G,i Δf n )Δt

[0027] ΔP Gl,i,n =ΔP G,i,n -M Gp,i,n +M Gn,i,n

[0028] Where H is the system inertia, Δf n is the system frequency deviation at the nth time step, ΔP c is the system power fluctuation caused by the preset disturbance event, ΔP cut.G is the thermal power unit removal amount of the stabilization control measure under the preset disturbance event, ΔP cut.R is the amount of new energy units removed under the preset disturbance event for stabilization measures, ΔP Gl,i,n is the frequency response adjustment value of thermal power unit i at the nth time step under the preset disturbance event, N G is the number of thermal power units in the system, ΔP ele,n is the frequency response adjustment of the electrolyzer at the nth time step under the preset disturbance event, D is the system load damping coefficient, uG,i is the state variable indicating whether thermal power unit i is shut down, P G,i is the output of thermal power unit i in the dispatch plan, ΔP ele,∞ is the final state adjustment of the electrolytic cell power, ΔP ele,in is the transient regulation value of electrolytic cell power, Δt is the time step, T ele is the dynamic time constant of the flow field bubble effect related to the flow field conditions of the electrolytic cell, T G,i is the frequency modulation time constant of thermal power unit i, ΔP G,i,n K is the frequency response adjustment of thermal power unit i at the nth time step when the amplitude limit is not considered, G,i is the power-frequency characteristic coefficient of thermal power unit i, M Gp,i,n 、M Gn,i,n are two auxiliary variables of thermal power unit i at the nth time step considering the limiting factor.

[0029] Furthermore, the optimization objective of the frequency control model is:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, F is the objective function, C H is the unit control cost of the system's hydrogen production device frequency response, ΔP cut.ele is the frequency response adjustment value of the hydrogen production device under the preset disturbance event, C G is the unit control cost of thermal power generator cutting under system stability control measures, ΔP cut.G is the thermal power unit removal amount of the stabilization control measure under the preset disturbance event, C R is the unit control cost of renewable energy cutting under system stabilization measures, ΔP cut.R is the amount of new energy units removed under the preset disturbance event for stabilization measures, C f is the penalty coefficient of the auxiliary variable of the thermal power unit, M Gp,i 、M Gn,i are two auxiliary variables of thermal power unit i considering the limiting factor, N G is the number of thermal power units in the system.

[0032] Furthermore, the equipment operation restriction constraints within the system include: electrolyzer input power constraint, electrolyzer current constraint, electrolyzer flow channel equivalent bubble coverage constraint, electrolyzer frequency regulation standby constraint and thermal power unit frequency regulation standby constraint; the system frequency safety constraints include: system maximum frequency change rate constraint, maximum frequency deviation constraint, quasi-steady-state frequency constraint and frequency regulation resource output limitation constraint; the system stabilization control measures constraints include: electric hydrogen production device frequency response adjustment amount constraint and new energy power station unit removal amount constraint.

[0033] According to another aspect of the present invention, a frequency control system for an auxiliary frequency modulation system of an electric hydrogen production device is provided, comprising: a processor; a memory storing a computer executable program, wherein when the program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the frequency control method for the auxiliary frequency modulation system of an electric hydrogen production device as described above.

[0034] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the frequency control method for the auxiliary frequency modulation system of the electric hydrogen production device as described above is implemented.

[0035] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0036] (1) A frequency control method for the auxiliary frequency regulation system of an electric hydrogen production device is provided. By accurately modeling the dynamic response process and power regulation characteristics of the electrolyzer under the current-controlled power regulation mode, the electric hydrogen production device can effectively participate in the emergency control of the system frequency, thereby promoting the improvement of the frequency regulation efficiency of the electric hydrogen production load system and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0037] (2) The frequency control model provided for the auxiliary frequency regulation system of the hydrogen production unit can accurately reflect the frequency response of the hydrogen production unit and other frequency regulation resources after the disturbance event. The decision plan is obtained through the online pre-decision method, which reduces the cost of emergency frequency control of the system and ensures the effectiveness and economy of emergency frequency control of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A flow chart of a frequency control method for an auxiliary frequency modulation system of an electric hydrogen production device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the auxiliary frequency modulation system of the electric hydrogen production device;

[0040] Figure 3 It shows the changes of system frequency before and after the hydrogen production device participates in the emergency control of system frequency under the preset event. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0042] In the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. (if any) in the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects but not necessarily to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] A frequency control method for an auxiliary frequency modulation system of an electric hydrogen production device, see Figure 1-Figure 3 , the frequency control method for the auxiliary frequency modulation system of the electric hydrogen production device in this embodiment is described in detail. Figure 1 The method includes operations S1 to S4.

[0045] Operation S1: constructing a dynamic response model of an electrolyzer of an electric hydrogen production device in a current-controlled power regulation mode, and reconstructing the dynamic response model of the electrolyzer into a power regulation characteristic model of the electrolyzer.

[0046] In this embodiment, in order to ensure the accuracy of the modeling of the dynamic process and power regulation characteristics of the electrolyzer, it is necessary to collect and determine the equipment parameters and operating characteristic parameters of the electric hydrogen production device in advance, including: the electrolyzer plate reaction area S, the transfer coefficient α of the anode and cathode of the electrolyzer a and α c , the equivalent exchange current density j of the anode and cathode of the electrolytic cell 0,a and j 0,c , Dynamic time constant T of bubble effect in electrolytic cell flow field ele , the initial temperature of the electrolytic cell T0, the operating temperature of the electrolytic cell T, the initial pressure of the electrolytic cell P0, the operating pressure of the electrolytic cell P, the empirical parameters a, b, c of the relationship between the electrolytic cell current and the equivalent bubble coverage rate of the flow channel under steady state, etc.

[0047] Considering the electrochemical characteristics of the electrolytic cell during operation, the electrolytic cell operating point in the electrolytic cell dynamic response model satisfies:

[0048] U cell =U rev +U act.a +U act.c +U ohm

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] P ele =N cell U cell I ele =f(I ele ,φ)

[0052] Among them, U cell is the cell voltage, U revis the reversible voltage of the electrolytic cell, U act.a is the anode activation voltage, U act.c is the cathode activation voltage, U ohm is the ohmic voltage, R is the ideal gas constant, T is the operating temperature of the electrolytic cell, n is the number of charges transferred by the electrolytic reaction, α a , α c are the transfer coefficients of the anode and cathode of the electrolytic cell, F is the Faraday constant, I ele is the electrolytic cell current, j 0,a 、j 0,c are the equivalent exchange current density of the anode and cathode of the electrolytic cell, S is the reaction area of ​​the electrolytic cell plate, φ is the equivalent bubble coverage of the electrolytic cell flow channel, R ohm is the ohmic resistance of the electrolytic cell, δ1 is the equivalent conductivity of the electrolyte, l is the distance between the positive and negative electrodes, P ele is the electrolytic cell power, N cell is the number of single-cell electrolytic units connected in series, and f represents the electrolytic cell power, which is a binary function of the current and the equivalent bubble coverage of the flow channel.

[0053] In the current-controlled power regulation mode, the dynamic change process of the electrolyzer operating point (dynamic response model of the electrolyzer) satisfies:

[0054] I ele (t) = I ele,0 +(I ele,∞ -I ele,0 )δ(t)

[0055]

[0056] P ele,0 =f(I ele,0 ,φ0)

[0057] P ele,in =f(I ele,∞ ,φ0)

[0058] P ele,∞ =f(I ele,∞ ,φ ∞ )

[0059] Among them, I ele (t) is the electrolytic cell current in the dynamic process, t is time, I ele,0 is the initial steady-state electrolytic cell current before adjustment, I ele,∞ is the final steady-state electrolytic cell current after adjustment, δ(t) is the step function, φ(t) is the equivalent bubble coverage of the electrolytic cell flow channel in the dynamic process, φ0 is the equivalent bubble coverage of the electrolytic cell flow channel in the initial steady-state before adjustment, φ ∞is the equivalent bubble coverage of the electrolytic cell flow channel at the end of the steady state after adjustment, L is the length of the electrolytic cell flow channel, v is the electrolyte flow rate, i0 is the initial steady-state electrolytic cell current density before adjustment, i ∞ is the final steady-state electrolytic cell current density after adjustment, T is the electrolytic cell operating temperature, T0 is the electrolytic cell initial temperature, P is the electrolytic cell operating pressure, P0 is the electrolytic cell initial pressure, a, b, c are three empirical parameters reflecting the relationship between the electrolytic cell current and the equivalent bubble coverage rate of the flow channel under steady state, P ele,0 is the initial steady-state electrolyzer power before adjustment, P ele,in To regulate the transient electrolyzer power, P ele,∞ It is the final steady-state electrolytic cell power after adjustment.

[0060] Furthermore, based on the transient-steady-state two-stage power regulation process reflected by the dynamic response model of the electrolyzer, the electrolyzer power regulation characteristic model that is adapted to the frequency safety constraint optimization problem is simplified and reconstructed:

[0061]

[0062] ΔP ele,in =P ele,0 -P ele,in

[0063] ΔP ele,∞ =P ele,0 -P ele,∞

[0064] Among them, ΔP ele (t) is the power adjustment of the electrolytic cell, ΔP ele,in is the transient regulation of electrolytic cell power, ΔP ele,∞ is the final state adjustment value of the electrolytic cell power, T ele is the dynamic time constant of the flow field bubble effect in the electrolytic cell.

[0065] Operation S2, combining various frequency regulation resources in the power system, and establishing a discretized frequency response equation characterizing the frequency control process of the auxiliary frequency regulation system of the electric hydrogen production device according to the electrolyzer power regulation characteristic model.

[0066] Specifically, combined Figure 2 The power system shown in the figure includes multiple frequency regulation resources such as hydrogen production equipment, thermal power units, and new energy power stations. Considering the preset disturbance event (such as disconnection of the tie line), a discretized frequency response equation reflecting the frequency emergency control process of the auxiliary frequency regulation system of the hydrogen production equipment is constructed:

[0067]

[0068] T G,i ΔP G,i,n+1 =T G,i ΔPG,i,n +(-ΔP G,i,n -K G,i Δf n )Δt

[0069] ΔP Gl,i,n =ΔP G,i,n -M Gp,i,n +M Gn,i,n

[0070] Where H is the system inertia, Δf n is the system frequency deviation at the nth time step, ΔP c is the system power fluctuation caused by the preset disturbance event, ΔP cut.G is the thermal power unit removal amount of the stabilization control measure under the preset disturbance event, ΔP cut.R is the amount of new energy units removed under the preset disturbance event for stabilization measures, ΔP Gl,i,n is the frequency response adjustment value of thermal power unit i at the nth time step under the preset disturbance event, N G is the number of thermal power units in the system, ΔP ele,n is the frequency response adjustment of the electrolyzer at the nth time step under the preset disturbance event, D is the system load damping coefficient, u G,i is the state variable indicating whether thermal power unit i is shut down, P G,i is the output of thermal power unit i in the dispatch plan, ΔP ele,∞ is the final state adjustment of the electrolytic cell power, ΔP ele,in is the transient regulation value of electrolytic cell power, Δt is the time step, T G,i is the frequency modulation time constant of thermal power unit i, ΔP G,i,n K is the frequency response adjustment of thermal power unit i at the nth time step when the amplitude limit is not considered, G,i is the power-frequency characteristic coefficient of thermal power unit i, M Gp,i,n 、M Gn,i,n are two auxiliary variables of thermal power unit i at the nth time step considering the limiting factor.

[0071] Operation S3 takes minimizing the emergency control cost of the system frequency under a preset disturbance event as the goal, and combines the discretized frequency response equation to construct a frequency control model that meets the equipment operation restriction constraints within the system, the system frequency safety constraints, and the system stabilization measures constraints.

[0072] The optimization objective of the frequency control model is:

[0073]

[0074] Among them, F is the objective function, C H is the unit control cost of the system's hydrogen production device frequency response, ΔP cut.eleis the frequency response adjustment value of the hydrogen production device under the preset disturbance event, C G is the unit control cost of thermal power generator cutting under system stabilization measures, C R is the unit control cost of renewable energy cutting under system stabilization measures, C f is the penalty coefficient of the auxiliary variable of the thermal power unit, M Gp,i 、M Gn,i are two auxiliary variables of thermal power unit i considering the limiting factor.

[0075] The operating restrictions of equipment within the system include: electrolytic cell input power constraints, electrolytic cell current constraints, electrolytic cell flow channel equivalent bubble coverage constraints, electrolytic cell frequency regulation and standby constraints, and thermal power unit frequency regulation and standby constraints.

[0076] The electrolyzer input power constraint is:

[0077] P ele.min ≤P ele,0 ≤P ele.max

[0078] (1-η)P ele.min ≤P ele,in ≤(1+λ)P ele.max

[0079] (1-η)P ele.min ≤P ele,∞ ≤(1+λ)P ele.max

[0080] Among them, P ele.max , P ele.min are the upper and lower limits of the normal operating power of the electrolyzer, η is the underload factor, and λ is the overload factor. For frequency emergency control scenarios, the electrolyzer can be operated under load / overloaded for a short period of time.

[0081] The electrolytic cell current constraint is:

[0082] I ele.min ≤I ele,0 ≤I ele.max

[0083] I ele.min ≤I ele,in ≤I ele.max

[0084] I ele.min ≤I ele,∞ ≤I ele.max

[0085] Among them, I ele.max ,I ele.min They are the upper and lower limits of the electrolytic cell current respectively.

[0086] The equivalent bubble coverage constraint of the electrolytic cell flow channel is:

[0087] φ min ≤φ0≤φ max

[0088] φ min ≤φ ∞ ≤φ max

[0089] Among them, φ max ,φ min They are the upper and lower limits of the equivalent bubble coverage rate of the electrolytic cell flow channel, respectively.

[0090] The constraints for the frequency regulation and standby of the electrolyzer are:

[0091] R ele,down +P ele,0 ≤(1+λ)P ele.max

[0092] R ele,up +(1-η)P ele.min ≤P ele,0

[0093] 0≤R ele,down ≤αP ele.max

[0094] 0≤R ele,down ≤αP ele.max

[0095] Among them, R ele,up , R ele,down are the upper and lower reserve amounts of the electrolytic cell frequency response, and α is the electrolytic cell reserve coefficient.

[0096] The frequency regulation reserve constraints of thermal power units are:

[0097] R G,up,i +P G,i ≤P G.max,i

[0098] R G,down,i +P G.min,i ≤P G,i

[0099] 0≤R G,down,i ≤βP G.max,i

[0100] 0≤R G,down,i ≤βP G.max,i

[0101] Among them, P G.max,i , P G.min,i are the upper and lower limits of the output of thermal power unit i; R G,up,i , R G,down,iare the frequency response upward and downward reserve amounts of thermal power unit i; β is the reserve coefficient of the thermal power unit.

[0102] System frequency safety constraints include: system maximum frequency change rate constraint, maximum frequency deviation constraint, quasi-steady-state frequency constraint and frequency modulation resource output limit constraint.

[0103] The maximum frequency change rate constraint of the system is:

[0104] ROCOF min ≤ROCOF≤ROCOF max

[0105] Among them, ROCOF is the maximum frequency change rate of the system, ROCOF min is the lower limit of the maximum frequency change rate, ROCOF max It is the upper limit of the maximum frequency change rate.

[0106] The maximum frequency deviation constraint is:

[0107] Δf min ≤Δf n ≤Δf max

[0108] Where Δf min is the lower limit of the maximum frequency change rate, Δf max It is the upper limit of the maximum frequency change rate.

[0109] The quasi-steady-state frequency constraint is:

[0110]

[0111] The output limit constraints of frequency modulation resources are:

[0112] -R ele,down ≤ΔP ele,n ≤R ele,up

[0113] -R G,down,i ≤ΔP Gl,i,n ≤R G,up,i

[0114] The system stabilization control measures include: frequency response regulation constraints of the hydrogen production device and the removal constraints of the new energy power station units.

[0115] The frequency response regulation constraint of the electric hydrogen production device is:

[0116]

[0117] The cut-off quantity constraint of new energy power station units is:

[0118] 0≤ΔP cut.R ≤χPR

[0119] Among them, P R is the renewable energy output in the dispatch plan, and χ is the maximum removal rate of the renewable energy power station.

[0120] Operation S4 is to solve the frequency control model, obtain a frequency control decision instruction, and issue a frequency control decision instruction to perform frequency control when a preset disturbance event occurs.

[0121] Through online pre-decision, the frequency control model is solved to obtain an executable frequency control decision plan. In this embodiment, based on system parameters and scheduling plan information, for example, the disconnection of the tie line is used as a preset system major disturbance event, and an online pre-decision is made, so that the decision plan can achieve a frequency emergency control plan that takes into account both economy and frequency regulation effect.

[0122] In order to further illustrate the frequency control method for the auxiliary frequency modulation system of the electric hydrogen production device provided in this embodiment, Figure 2 The system shown in the figure is used as an example to verify the effect of this method. This system includes 8 thermal power units, 1 wind farm, 1 electric hydrogen production device and AC load, etc. According to this method, a frequency control model is established and a decision-making solution is solved.

[0123] The simulation results are as follows: System frequency changes before and after the hydrogen production unit participates in frequency emergency control under the preset disturbance event Figure 3 The system stable control cutting amount before and after the hydrogen production device participates in the frequency emergency control is shown in Table 1, and the system frequency emergency control cost is shown in Table 2.

[0124] Table 1

[0125]

[0126] Table 2

[0127]

[0128] Combined with the above simulation results, it can be seen that with the participation of the electric hydrogen production device, after the same large disturbance event occurs, the system can reach the lowest frequency point in a shorter time, the maximum frequency deviation is also smaller than the case where the electric hydrogen production device is not involved in the frequency regulation, and the frequency control effect is better. At the same time, the impact of the system stabilization measures on the power generation side of the system is effectively alleviated. Not only the number of thermal power units cut is reduced, but also the proportion of the cut caused by the stabilization measures in the total power generation unit output of the system is reduced from 29.46% to 21.69%. The obtained frequency emergency control scheme is more friendly to the operation of the power system. In terms of economy, due to the participation of the electric hydrogen production device, the frequency emergency control method fully exploits the flexibility of the load side and promotes the source-load coordination of frequency regulation resources. The control cost of thermal power and wind power is less than that of the case where the electric hydrogen production device is not involved in the frequency regulation. Therefore, the total control cost of the obtained frequency emergency control scheme is reduced by 21.06% compared with the case where the electric hydrogen production device is not involved in the frequency regulation, which has higher economic benefits.

[0129] Embodiment 2

[0130] A frequency control system for an auxiliary frequency modulation system of an electric hydrogen production device comprises: a processor; a memory storing a computer executable program, which, when executed by the processor, enables the processor to execute the frequency control method for the auxiliary frequency modulation system of an electric hydrogen production device. The related technical scheme is the same as that of the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0131] Embodiment 3

[0132] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the program is executed by a processor, the frequency control method for the auxiliary frequency modulation system of the electric hydrogen production device is implemented. The related technical solution is the same as that of the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0133] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A frequency control method for an auxiliary frequency modulation system of an electric hydrogen production device, characterized in that: include: S1, constructing an electrolyzer dynamic response model of an electric hydrogen production device in a current-controlled power regulation mode, and reconstructing the electrolyzer dynamic response model into an electrolyzer power regulation characteristic model; S2, combining various frequency regulation resources in the power system, and establishing a discretized frequency response equation characterizing the frequency control process of the auxiliary frequency regulation system of the electric hydrogen production device according to the electrolyzer power regulation characteristic model; S3, with the goal of minimizing the emergency control cost of the system frequency under a preset disturbance event, combined with the discretized frequency response equation, construct a frequency control model that meets the constraints of equipment operation restrictions in the system, system frequency safety constraints, and system stabilization measures; S4, solving the frequency control model to obtain a frequency control decision instruction, and issuing the frequency control decision instruction to perform frequency control when the preset disturbance event occurs.

2. The frequency control method for the auxiliary frequency modulation system of the electric hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic cell dynamic response model includes: I ele (t)=I ele,0 +(I ele,∞ -I ele,0 )δ(t) P ele,0 =f(I ele,0 ,φ0) P ele,in =f(I ele,∞ ,φ0) P ele,∞ =f(I ele,∞ ,φ ∞ ) Among them, I ele (t) is the electrolytic cell current in the dynamic process, t is the time, I ele,0 is the initial steady-state electrolytic cell current before adjustment, I ele,∞ is the final steady-state electrolytic cell current after adjustment, δ(t) is the step function, φ(t) is the equivalent bubble coverage of the electrolytic cell flow channel in the dynamic process, φ0 is the equivalent bubble coverage of the electrolytic cell flow channel in the initial steady-state before adjustment, φ ∞ is the equivalent bubble coverage of the electrolytic cell flow channel at the end of the steady state after adjustment, L is the length of the electrolytic cell flow channel, v is the electrolyte flow rate, i0 is the initial steady-state electrolytic cell current density before adjustment, i ∞ is the final steady-state electrolytic cell current density after adjustment, T is the electrolytic cell operating temperature, T0 is the electrolytic cell initial temperature, P is the electrolytic cell operating pressure, P0 is the electrolytic cell initial pressure, a, b, c are three empirical parameters reflecting the relationship between the electrolytic cell current and the equivalent bubble coverage rate of the flow channel under steady state, P ele,0 is the initial steady-state electrolytic cell power before adjustment, f represents the electrolytic cell power which is a binary function of the current and the equivalent bubble coverage of the flow channel, P ele,in To regulate the transient electrolyzer power, P ele,∞ It is the final steady-state electrolytic cell power after adjustment.

3. The frequency control method for the auxiliary frequency modulation system of the electric hydrogen production device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The electrolytic cell operating point in the electrolytic cell dynamic response model satisfies: IN cell =U rev +U act.a +U act.c +U ohm P ele =N cell U cell I ele =f(I ele ,φ) Among them, U cell is the cell voltage, U rev is the reversible voltage of the electrolytic cell, U act.a is the anode activation voltage, U act.c is the cathode activation voltage, U ohm is the ohmic voltage, R is the ideal gas constant, T is the operating temperature of the electrolytic cell, n is the number of charges transferred by the electrolytic reaction, α a , α c are the transfer coefficients of the anode and cathode of the electrolytic cell, F is the Faraday constant, I ele is the electrolytic cell current, j 0,a 、j 0,c are the equivalent exchange current density of the anode and cathode of the electrolytic cell, S is the reaction area of ​​the electrolytic cell plate, φ is the equivalent bubble coverage of the electrolytic cell flow channel, R ohm is the ohmic resistance of the electrolytic cell, δ1 is the equivalent conductivity of the electrolyte, l is the distance between the positive and negative electrodes, P ele is the electrolytic cell power, N cell is the number of single-cell electrolytic units connected in series, and f represents the electrolytic cell power, which is a binary function of the current and the equivalent bubble coverage of the flow channel.

4. The frequency control method for the auxiliary frequency modulation system of the electric hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic cell power regulation characteristic model includes: ΔP ele,in =P ele,0 -P ele,in ΔP ele,∞ =P ele,0 -P ele,∞ Among them, ΔP ele (t) is the power adjustment of the electrolytic cell, ΔP ele,in is the transient regulation of electrolytic cell power, ΔP ele,∞ is the final state adjustment value of the electrolytic cell power, T ele is the dynamic time constant of the flow field bubble effect in the electrolytic cell, P ele,0 is the initial steady-state electrolyzer power before adjustment, P ele,in To regulate the transient electrolyzer power, P ele,∞ It is the final steady-state electrolytic cell power after adjustment.

5. The frequency control method for the auxiliary frequency modulation system of the electric hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discretized frequency response equation is: T G,i ΔP G,i,n+1 =T G,i ΔP G,i,n +(-ΔP G,i,n -K G,i Δf n )Δt ΔP Gl,i,n =ΔP G,i,n -M Gp,i,n +M Gn,i,n Where H is the system inertia, Δf n is the system frequency deviation at the nth time step, ΔP c is the system power fluctuation caused by the preset disturbance event, ΔP cut.G is the thermal power unit removal amount of the stabilization control measure under the preset disturbance event, ΔP cut.R is the amount of new energy units removed under the preset disturbance event for stabilization measures, ΔP Gl,i,n is the frequency response adjustment value of thermal power unit i at the nth time step under the preset disturbance event, N G is the number of thermal power units in the system, ΔP ele,n is the frequency response adjustment of the electrolyzer at the nth time step under the preset disturbance event, D is the system load damping coefficient, u G,i P is the state variable indicating whether thermal power unit i is shut down. G,i is the output of thermal power unit i in the dispatch plan, ΔP ele,∞ is the final state adjustment of the electrolytic cell power, ΔP ele,in is the transient regulation value of electrolytic cell power, Δt is the time step, T ele is the dynamic time constant of the flow field bubble effect related to the flow field conditions of the electrolytic cell, T G,i is the frequency modulation time constant of thermal power unit i, ΔP G,i,n K is the frequency response adjustment of thermal power unit i at the nth time step when the limit is not considered, G,i is the power-frequency characteristic coefficient of thermal power unit i, M Gp,i,n 、M Gn,i,n are two auxiliary variables of thermal power unit i at the nth time step considering the limiting factor.

6. The frequency control method for the auxiliary frequency modulation system of the electric hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optimization objective of the frequency control model is: Among them, F is the objective function, C H is the unit control cost of the system's hydrogen production device frequency response, ΔP cut.ele is the frequency response adjustment value of the hydrogen production device under the preset disturbance event, C G is the unit control cost of thermal power generator cutting under system stability control measures, ΔP cut.G is the thermal power unit removal amount of the stabilization control measures under the preset disturbance event, C R is the unit control cost of renewable energy cutting under system stabilization measures, ΔP cut.R is the amount of new energy units removed under the preset disturbance event for stabilization measures, C f is the penalty coefficient of the auxiliary variable of the thermal power unit, M Gp,i 、M Gn,i are two auxiliary variables of thermal power unit i considering the limiting factor, N G is the number of thermal power units in the system.

7. The frequency control method for the auxiliary frequency modulation system of the electric hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation restriction constraints of the equipment in the system include: electrolytic cell input power constraint, electrolytic cell current constraint, electrolytic cell flow channel equivalent bubble coverage constraint, electrolytic cell frequency regulation standby constraint and thermal power unit frequency regulation standby constraint; The system frequency safety constraints include: system maximum frequency change rate constraints, maximum frequency deviation constraints, quasi-steady-state frequency constraints and frequency modulation resource output limit constraints; The system stabilization control measures constraints include: frequency response regulation constraints of the electric hydrogen production device and removal constraints of the new energy power station units.

8. A frequency control system for an auxiliary frequency modulation system of an electric hydrogen production device, characterized in that: include: processor; A memory storing a computer executable program, wherein when the program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the frequency control method for the auxiliary frequency modulation system of the electric hydrogen production device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, a frequency control method for an auxiliary frequency modulation system of an electric hydrogen production device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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