Charging berth fire-fighting emergency system of electric automobile

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fire fighting, and discloses a charging berth fire-fighting emergency system of an electric automobile. The charging berth fire-fighting emergency system of the electric automobile comprises a water supply unit, an automatic opening and closing valve, a camera, an increment valve, a manual switching valve, an alarm device, a pipe network, a spray head assembly, a backflow preventer and a water drain valve, and the camera is installed at a charging pile at the tail end of a parking space and used for monitoring smoke generation; if smoke and flame are recognized, fire is judged, fire information is sent to the automatic opening and closing valve, and the water supply unit is a water tank and is connected with the automatic opening and closing valve through a pipeline. The charging berth fire-fighting emergency system of the electric automobile is applied to an electric automobile charging environment, can be used for emergency fire fighting of the electric automobile on fire, can well extinguish spontaneous combustion flames of the electric automobile, and reduces the loss of public property safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fire protection, and in particular to a fire protection emergency system for a charging berth of an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of electric vehicle technology, the market share of electric vehicles has continued to increase. As of the first half of 2023, the wholesale sales of passenger cars in China reached 11 million, of which 3.54 million were electric vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 44%, with a market share of 32%. However, as the sales of electric vehicles continue to increase, the abnormal conditions generated during their daily use are also increasing, such as the spontaneous combustion of electric vehicles. According to data from the National Fire and Rescue Bureau, there were 640 fires of new energy vehicles in 2022, an increase of 32% compared to 2021. Among the fire cases of new energy vehicles, 38.5% of them were in a stationary state and 27.5% were in a charging state. Therefore, the safety issues during the parking and charging process of new energy vehicles have become a hidden danger.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, CN216092001 U A new energy vehicle parking space fire extinguishing device proposes an automatic fire sprinkler system on the parking space, but the system only monitors the occurrence of fire through a visual camera and cannot handle the fire in the smoldering stage. In this regard, we propose an electric vehicle charging berth fire emergency system method that can more accurately detect the occurrence of the initial fire, so that the fire can be extinguished more promptly to protect the safety of public life and property. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a fire emergency system for a charging berth of an electric vehicle, so as to overcome the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a fire emergency system for a charging berth for an electric vehicle, comprising a water supply unit, an automatic opening and closing valve, a camera, an incremental valve, a manual switch valve, an alarm device, a pipe network, a nozzle assembly, a backflow preventer and a drain valve. The camera is installed at the charging pile at the end of the parking space to monitor smoke generation; if smoke and flames are identified, it is judged that a fire has occurred and the fire information is sent to the automatic opening and closing valve.

[0006] The water supply unit is a water tank, which is connected to the automatic opening and closing valve through a pipeline. The automatic opening and closing valve is installed at the electric vehicle charging parking space, and the automatic opening and closing valve has a built-in thermal element to sense the external environment temperature, and the monitoring signal of the associated camera is used to control the opening and closing of the water supply. The incremental valve is installed after the automatic opening and closing valve, and the two are connected by a pipeline. The incremental valve control port is provided with the manual switch valve for controlling the opening and closing of the incremental valve. The incremental valve generates a water flow action signal after the opening and closing valve is opened. The alarm device is an audible and visual alarm, which receives the signal emitted by the incremental valve. The water flow action signal sent is used for sound and light alarm, the pipe network is the water flow pipeline of the fire emergency system of the charging berth of the electric vehicle, wherein the water supply unit, the automatic opening and closing valve, the incremental valve, the nozzle assembly, the backflow preventer and the drain valve are all connected to the pipe network, the nozzle assembly is installed at the end of the pipe network, and is the water flow outlet of the pipe network, which is used for spraying fire extinguishing, the backflow preventer is installed after the automatic opening and closing valve, and is connected through the pipe network to prevent water backflow, and the drain valve is installed in the water inlet pipe section of the pipe network for drainage operation.

[0007] Preferably, the nozzle assembly includes a mounting shell, a pipe channel, a dust shielding film, a guide rod, an upper frame, a lower plate, a connecting rod, a connecting film, a nozzle, a pressure relief valve, a telescopic tube and a connecting tube, the pipe channel is opened on the side wall of the mounting shell, a dust shielding film is arranged in the hole opened in the top of the mounting shell, and an opening is arranged on the dust shielding film, a plurality of guide rods are fixedly connected between the upper and lower walls in the mounting shell, the upper frame and the lower plate are slidably connected to the guide rods through the through holes thereon, and the upper frame and the lower plate are fixedly connected by a connecting rod, the connecting film is bonded to the upper frame, the nozzle is installed in the middle of the connecting film, a pressure relief valve is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the lower plate, and the pressure relief valve is connected to the nozzle through the connecting tube, the telescopic tube is installed between the lower plate and the inner bottom wall of the mounting shell, and the telescopic tube is respectively connected to the pressure relief valve and the pipe network.

[0008] Preferably, the nozzle assembly also includes a pull rod and a telescopic motor, the pull rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting pipe, the telescopic motor is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the upper plate, and the output end of the telescopic motor is fixedly connected to the pull rod to adjust the nozzle angle.

[0009] Preferably, the opening on the dust shielding film is in a cross shape, and the water outlet end of the nozzle points to the middle of the opening of the dust shielding film.

[0010] Preferably, the thickness of the connecting film decreases from the outside to the inside.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic tube is in a compressed state when the nozzle is in the mounting shell.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] 1. The electric vehicle charging berth fire emergency system is used in the electric vehicle charging environment and can be used for emergency firefighting of electric vehicle fires. It can effectively extinguish the spontaneous combustion of electric vehicles and reduce the loss of public property safety.

[0014] 2. The fire emergency system of the electric vehicle charging berth is designed with a nozzle assembly. When the system is not in operation and cars are passing by, the nozzle can be effectively protected from being squeezed, and dust can be prevented from falling into the nozzle outlet and causing blockage. The nozzle can also be adjusted in angle to achieve targeted fire extinguishing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a layout diagram of the fire emergency system for electric vehicle berths of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the workflow of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle assembly of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0019] In the figure: 1 water supply unit, 2 waterproof valve, 3 pipe network, 4 alarm device, 5 automatic opening and closing valve, 6 increment valve, 7 manual switch valve, 8 backflow preventer, 9 sprinkler assembly, 10 parking space, 11 camera, 12 mounting shell, 13 pipe channel, 14 dust shielding film, 15 guide rod, 16 upper frame, 17 lower plate, 18 connecting rod, 19 connecting film, 20 sprinkler, 21 pressure relief valve, 22 telescopic pipe, 23 connecting pipe, 24 pull rod, 25 telescopic motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Note that the aspects described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments are only exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention in any way.

[0021] Combination Figure 1-4 A fire emergency system for a charging berth for an electric vehicle includes a water supply unit 1, an automatic opening and closing valve 5, a camera 11, an incremental valve 6, a manual opening and closing valve 7, an alarm device 4, a pipe network 3, a nozzle assembly 9, a backflow preventer 8 and a drain valve 2. The camera 11 is installed at the charging pile at the end of the parking space 10 to monitor the generation of smoke. If smoke and fire are identified, it is determined that a fire has occurred and the fire information is sent to the automatic opening and closing valve 5.

[0022] The water supply unit 1 is a water tank, which is connected to the automatic opening and closing valve 5 through a pipeline. The automatic opening and closing valve 5 is installed at the electric vehicle charging parking space 10, and the automatic opening and closing valve 5 has a built-in thermal element to sense the external environment temperature, and the monitoring signal of the associated camera is used to control the opening and closing of the water supply. The incremental valve 6 is installed behind the automatic opening and closing valve 5, and the two are connected by a pipeline. The control port of the incremental valve 6 is provided with a manual switch valve 7 for controlling the opening and closing of the incremental valve 6. The incremental valve 6 will generate a water flow action signal after the opening and closing valve is opened. The alarm device 4 is an audible and visual alarm, which receives the incremental valve 6. The water flow action signal sent by the metering valve 6 is used for sound and light alarm. The pipe network 3 is the water flow pipeline of the fire emergency system of the charging berth of the electric vehicle, wherein the water supply unit 1, the automatic opening and closing valve 5, the incremental valve 6, the nozzle assembly 9, the backflow preventer 8 and the drain valve 2 are all connected to the pipe network 3. The nozzle assembly 9 is installed at the end of the pipe network 3 and is the water flow outlet of the pipe network 3 for spraying fire extinguishing. The backflow preventer 8 is installed after the automatic opening and closing valve 5 and is connected through the pipe network 3 to prevent water backflow. The drain valve 2 is installed in the water inlet pipe section of the pipe network 3 for drainage operation.

[0023] The nozzle assembly includes a mounting shell 12, a pipe channel 13, a dust shielding film 14, a guide rod 15, an upper frame 16, a lower plate 17, a connecting rod 18, a connecting film 19, a nozzle 20, a pressure relief valve 21, a telescopic tube 22 and a connecting tube 23. The pipe channel 13 is opened on the side wall of the mounting shell 12, and a dust shielding film 14 is arranged in the hole opened on the top of the mounting shell 12, and an opening is arranged on the dust shielding film 14. A plurality of guide rods 15 are fixedly connected between the upper and lower walls of the mounting shell 12, and the upper frame 16 and the lower plate 17 are connected to each other. 17 are slidably connected to the guide rod 15 through the perforations thereon, and the upper frame 16 and the lower plate 17 are fixedly connected by a connecting rod 18, the connecting rubber 19 is bonded in the upper frame 16, the nozzle 20 is installed in the middle of the connecting rubber 19, and a pressure relief valve 21 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the lower plate 17, and the pressure relief valve 21 is connected to the nozzle 20 through a connecting pipe 23. The telescopic tube 22 is installed between the lower plate 17 and the inner bottom wall of the mounting shell 12, and the telescopic tube 22 is respectively connected to the pressure relief valve 21 and the pipe network 3.

[0024] The nozzle assembly 9 also includes a pull rod 24 and a telescopic motor 25. The pull rod 24 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting pipe 23, and the telescopic motor 25 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the upper plate 17. The output end of the telescopic motor 25 is fixedly connected to the pull rod 24 to adjust the angle of the nozzle 20. The camera 11 can be used to identify the fire point. Through the angle adjustment of the nozzle 20, the fire point can be targetedly extinguished in the early stage of the fire. The real-time monitoring of the camera 11 and the automatic opening and closing valve 5 can be used to change the working state, and the targeted fire fighting can be transformed into range fire fighting or cooling. The so-called range type means that multiple nozzles 20 cooperate to cover the bottom of the vehicle in a partitioned manner, thereby improving the fire extinguishing efficiency and reducing property losses.

[0025] The opening on the dust shielding film 14 is in a cross shape, and the water outlet end of the nozzle 20 points to the middle of the opening of the dust shielding film 14 .

[0026] The thickness of the connecting film 19 decreases from the outside to the inside.

[0027] When the spray head 20 is in the mounting housing 12, the telescopic tube 22 is in a compressed state.

[0028] Combination Figure 1-2 The fire emergency system of the present invention for electric vehicle charging berths comprises the following steps:

[0029] S1: A fire occurs during the charging process of an electric vehicle, generating smoke. Camera 11 is an Azure Ki nect DK binocular camera, which can monitor the parking space 10 environment in real time. Camera 11 uses the Yolov4 target detection algorithm to monitor flames and smoke in real time. When flames and smoke are detected at the same time, and the confidence of both flames and smoke is not less than 0.9, it will be considered as a fire, and the fire signal will be transmitted to the automatic opening and closing valve 5.

[0030] S2: When the temperature of the automatic opening and closing valve 5 is higher than 60 degrees, the color of the automatic opening and closing valve 5 will turn orange. At the same time, when the fire signal transmitted by the camera 11 is received, the automatic opening and closing valve 5 opens, and the water flows into the nozzle assembly 9. The water quickly fills the telescopic tube 22, lifts the lower plate 17, and makes the nozzle 20 push open the dust shielding film 14 and point to the car chassis to spray water to extinguish the fire.

[0031] S3: The incremental valve 6 is installed between the automatic opening and closing valve 5 and the parking space, and is connected through the pipe network 3. An incremental valve 6 is separately set at each parking space 10. The incremental valve 6 can be driven by the automatic opening and closing valve 5 to increase the water flow rate transmitted from the water supply unit 1 to the pipe network 3. When water flows in the incremental valve 6, the water flow action signal will be transmitted to the sound and light alarm 4.

[0032] S4: The sound and light alarm 4 can receive the water flow action signal transmitted by the incremental valve 6, thereby making a sound and light alarm. The sound and light alarm 4 is installed on the outer wall of the public passage of the charging parking space.

[0033] S5: After the fire is extinguished, when the ambient temperature sensed by the automatic opening and closing valve 5 is lower than 60°C, the automatic opening and closing valve 5 is closed, the incremental valve 6 stops, and the sound and light alarm 4 stops alarming.

[0034] Furthermore, the opening action temperature of the automatic opening and closing valve 5 is represented by a color. When the automatic opening and closing valve 5 is 60°C, it is orange; when the automatic opening and closing valve 5 is 70°C, it is red; when the automatic opening and closing valve 5 is 100°C, it is green. The quasi-working state of the automatic opening and closing valve 5 should be a normally closed state. The protection area of ​​a single automatic opening and closing valve 5 is ≤30m2, and the horizontal distance between the automatic opening and closing valve 5 and the nozzle 20 is not less than 1.2m.

[0035] Furthermore, the nominal diameter of the pipe network 3 is 35 mm, and a drain valve 2 is provided in the water supply pipeline of the pipe network 3 where the water supply unit 1 enters to drain water in a non-working state, and a backflow preventer 8 is provided in the pipe network 3 to prevent water from flowing back.

[0036] Furthermore, a manual switch valve 7 is provided next to the incremental valve 6 for manually opening and closing the incremental valve 6 .

[0037] Furthermore, the water spray flow intensity of the fire emergency system of the electric vehicle charging berth should be ≥ 2L / s, where the water spray flow of the fire emergency system of the electric vehicle charging berth can be obtained from formula (1):

[0038] Q S =(1.15~1.30)*Q L (1)

[0039] Among them, Q S Water spray flow intensity of the fire emergency system of the electric vehicle charging berth (L / s), Q L It is the product of the average water spray intensity and the effective area of ​​the fire emergency system of the electric vehicle charging berth (L / s).

[0040] Furthermore, the nozzle assembly 9 is installed at the end of the pipe network, and the flow rate of the nozzle 20 can be known from formula (2):

[0041]

[0042] Wherein, Q is the flow rate (L / min) of the nozzle 20, K is the flow coefficient of the nozzle 20, and P is the working pressure (MPa) of the nozzle 20. A parking space 10 is equipped with N nozzle assemblies 9, which can directly spray and cover the protected object. The number of nozzles 20 can be known from formula (3):

[0043] N=S*W / Q (3)

[0044] Wherein, N is the calculated number of the sprinkler heads 20, S is the protected area (m), and W is the design supply intensity of the fire emergency system of the electric vehicle charging berth [L / (min*m)].

[0045] Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A fire emergency system for a charging berth of an electric vehicle, characterized in that: It includes water supply unit, automatic opening and closing valve, camera, incremental valve, manual opening and closing valve, alarm device, pipe network, sprinkler assembly, backflow preventer and drain valve; The camera is installed at the charging pile at the end of the parking space to monitor smoke generation; if smoke and fire are identified, it is determined that a fire has occurred and the fire information is sent to the automatic opening and closing valve; The water supply unit is a water tank, which is connected to the automatic opening and closing valve through a pipeline; The automatic opening and closing valve is installed at the electric vehicle charging parking space, and the automatic opening and closing valve has a built-in thermal element to sense the external ambient temperature and associate the monitoring signal of the camera to control the opening and closing of the water supply; The incremental valve is installed behind the automatic opening and closing valve, and the two are connected by a pipeline. The incremental valve control port is provided with the manual switch valve for controlling the opening and closing of the incremental valve. The incremental valve generates a water flow action signal after the opening and closing valve is opened; The alarm device is an audible and visual alarm, which receives the water flow action signal sent by the incremental valve to generate an audible and visual alarm; The pipe network is a water flow pipeline of the fire emergency system of the charging berth of the electric vehicle, wherein the water supply unit, the automatic opening and closing valve, the incremental valve, the sprinkler assembly, the backflow preventer and the drain valve are all connected to the pipe network; The nozzle assembly is installed at the end of the pipe network and is the water outlet of the pipe network for spraying fire extinguishing; The backflow preventer is installed behind the automatic opening and closing valve and connected through the pipe network to prevent water backflow; The drain valve is installed on the water inlet pipe section of the pipe network for drainage operation.

2. The fire emergency system for charging berths of electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle assembly includes a mounting shell, a pipe channel, a dust shielding film, a guide rod, an upper frame, a lower plate, a connecting rod, a connecting film, a nozzle, a pressure relief valve, a telescopic tube and a connecting tube. The pipe channel is opened on the side wall of the mounting shell, a dust shielding film is arranged in the hole opened on the top of the mounting shell, and an opening is arranged on the dust shielding film. Several guide rods are fixedly connected between the upper and lower walls in the mounting shell. The upper frame and the lower plate are slidably connected to the guide rods through the perforations thereon, and the upper frame and the lower plate are fixedly connected by a connecting rod. The connecting film is bonded to the upper frame. The nozzle is installed in the middle of the connecting film. A pressure relief valve is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the lower plate, and the pressure relief valve is connected to the nozzle through a connecting tube. The telescopic tube is installed between the lower plate and the inner bottom wall of the mounting shell, and the telescopic tube is respectively connected to the pressure relief valve and the pipe network.

3. The fire emergency system for charging berths of electric vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nozzle assembly also includes a pull rod and a telescopic motor. The pull rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting pipe, the telescopic motor is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the upper plate, and the output end of the telescopic motor is fixedly connected to the pull rod to adjust the nozzle angle.

4. The fire emergency system for charging berths of electric vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The opening on the dust shielding film is in a cross shape, and the water outlet end of the nozzle points to the middle of the opening of the dust shielding film.

5. The fire emergency system for charging berths of electric vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the connecting film decreases from the outside to the inside.

6. The fire emergency system for charging berths of electric vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the nozzle is in the installation shell, the telescopic tube is in a compressed state.

7. An emergency method for a fire emergency system for a charging berth of an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The emergency method comprises the following steps: S1: When an electric vehicle catches fire and generates smoke during charging, the camera monitors the parking environment in real time. The camera monitors the flame and smoke in real time through the Yolov4 target detection algorithm. When the flame and smoke are detected at the same time, and the confidence of the flame and smoke is not less than 0.9, it will be regarded as a fire, and the fire signal will be transmitted to the automatic opening and closing valve; S2: When the temperature of the automatic opening and closing valve is higher than 60°C, the color of the automatic opening and closing valve will turn orange-red, and when the fire signal transmitted by the camera is received, the automatic opening and closing valve will open; S3: The incremental valve is individually provided at each parking space, and the incremental valve can be driven by the automatic opening and closing valve to increase the water flow rate of the water supply unit transmitted to the pipe network. When water flows in the incremental valve, a water flow action signal will be transmitted to the sound and light alarm; S4: The sound and light alarm can receive the water flow action signal transmitted by the incremental valve, thereby making a sound and light alarm, and the sound and light alarm is installed on the outer wall of the public passage of the charging parking space; S5: After the fire is extinguished, when the ambient temperature sensed by the automatic opening and closing valve is lower than 60° C., the automatic opening and closing valve is closed, the incremental valve stops, and the sound and light alarm stops alarming.

Images