Method for directionally clamping rotor part on three-jaw chuck

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for directionally clamping a rotor part on a three-jaw chuck, which is characterized in that a positioning plate is designed, the positioning plate is provided with a through groove matched with three jaw seats on the three-jaw chuck, and a directional groove is formed in the breadth of the positioning plate from the edge to the center; a directional pin is designed, and the directional pin is matched with the directional groove and is also matched with a directional hole or a directional groove or a groove gap axially fixed to the rotor part; soft claws are mounted on the three claw seats; in the process that the rotor part is clamped by the soft claw, the orientation pin drives an axially fixed orientation hole or orientation groove or notch of the rotor part to move in the radial direction or rotate in the angular direction, and one-way movement of the rotor part in the radial direction is achieved. And the positioning precision is accurate, the product machining precision is guaranteed, the machining process is safe, the machining procedure is simplified, the machining efficiency is improved, and clamping and positioning of the product can be achieved on single-workbench equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a rotor parts finishing technology, in particular to a method for directional clamping of rotor parts on a three-jaw chuck. Background Art

[0002] The rotor is the core part of the hydraulic pump, and the accuracy of the rotor is critical to the mechanical properties of the entire hydraulic pump. Advanced manufacturing and processing equipment has some multi-axis, multi-function, multi-channel, composite and efficient equipment. In order to improve the machining accuracy of rotor parts, rotor parts are generally processed by docking on composite equipment to ensure the technical dimensions and accuracy requirements of the product.

[0003] Before processing, use a probe or mandrel to align the roughly machined plunger hole before processing; during the entire process of rough, fine, and docking processing of rotor parts, if the clamping force is too small, the product will rotate, and if the clamping force is too large, the product will be deformed, and the entire rotor processing process is in an unstable state. Because most rotor parts are rotating bodies, processing equipment often uses efficient composite equipment with lathe processing functions. In terms of product clamping, it is difficult to achieve precise directional clamping of rotor parts due to the influence of the traditional three-jaw chuck clamping method; and the size of the clamping force and the position of the point of action also have a great influence on the quality of the product.

[0004] In summary, the existing technology has many shortcomings: for example, when using a mandrel to calibrate a full copper rotor, it is necessary to loosen the tool handle during calibration and move the mandrel to insert it into the pre-drilled hole of the rotor. This process is cumbersome and the positioning accuracy is not high. When using a probe to calibrate and orient a rotor with copper layer thickness requirements, it is affected by the accuracy and sensitivity of the probe, and is also affected by the cleanliness of the plunger hole when the probe is timing. The three-jaw clamping itself is under-positioned. When the cutting force is greater than the friction force generated by the soft jaw clamping force, the product will spin. When processing a dual-alloy rotor with a large margin, it is easy to be affected by the torque generated by the turning force and cause the product to rotate, thereby affecting the uniformity of the copper layer thickness or the relative position relationship between the crescent groove and the plunger hole, resulting in large angular errors or scrap. When the product is docked and clamped, the coaxiality of the main shaft and the secondary shaft affects the relative position relationship between the rotor plunger hole and the crescent groove. When a certain coaxial error occurs between the main and secondary shafts of the machine tool, the parallelism of the two end faces of the rotor will be out of tolerance after the docking process, and the plunger hole and the end face of the crescent groove will not be perpendicular, resulting in unqualified quality and the product cannot be further processed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a method for directional clamping of rotor parts on a three-jaw chuck, which has the characteristics of low-pressure clamping of rotor parts, precise directional clamping, improved processing accuracy and efficiency, and stability of the processing process.

[0006] The above technical problem of the present invention is mainly solved by the following technical solution: a method for directional clamping of rotor parts on a three-jaw chuck, the characteristics of which include the following contents:

[0007] An oriented plate is designed. The oriented plate has through grooves matched with three claw seats on a three-claw chuck, and an oriented groove opened from the edge to the center is arranged on the surface of the oriented plate.

[0008] A directional pin is designed, which cooperates with the directional groove and the directional hole or directional groove or groove notch inherent in the axial direction of the rotor part.

[0009] Soft claws are installed on the three claw seats.

[0010] During the clamping process of the soft claws on the rotor parts, the directional pin drives the directional hole, directional groove or slot gap inherent in the axial direction of the rotor parts to move radially or rotate angularly, so that the center line of the directional hole, directional groove or slot gap always coincides with the center plane of the directional groove, or the rotor parts are angularly adjusted, thereby realizing unidirectional movement of the rotor parts in the radial direction.

[0011] In the aforementioned method for orienting and clamping a rotor part on a three-jaw chuck, preferably, the orienting plate is also provided with screw holes for fixing to the end face of the chuck, thereby eliminating the degree of freedom between the orienting plate and the chuck.

[0012] In the aforementioned method for orienting and clamping a rotor part on a three-jaw chuck, preferably, the through slot of the orienting plate is divided into three equal parts on the surface of the orienting plate, and the width of the through slot is equal to the width of the claw seat, and the three through slots accurately position the orienting plate on the three-jaw chuck.

[0013] In the aforementioned method for orienting and clamping a rotor part on a three-jaw chuck, preferably, the matching size of the orienting pin and the orienting slot is set to a single standard size, and the matching part of the orienting pin and the axially inherent hole or slot of the rotor part is set to an adaptive size.

[0014] In the aforementioned method for directional clamping of a rotor part on a three-jaw chuck, preferably, the directional pin is a plunger hole directional pin or a crescent groove locating pin.

[0015] In the aforementioned method of orienting and clamping a rotor part on a three-jaw chuck, preferably, the orienting pin cooperates with the orienting groove through an orienting block; a limiting cone is provided on the orienting pin, and the radial dimension of the limiting cone is larger than the dimension of the hole or groove in which the orienting pin and the rotor part cooperate, so as to limit the axial freedom of the orienting pin and the hole or groove in which it cooperates.

[0016] In the aforementioned method for directional clamping of a rotor part on a three-jaw chuck, preferably, a gap is maintained between the limiting frustum and the corresponding end surface of the rotor part.

[0017] In the aforementioned method for orienting and clamping a rotor part on a three-jaw chuck, preferably, the thickness of the orienting plate is adapted to the assembly position of the claw seat and the soft claw.

[0018] In the aforementioned method of directional clamping of a rotor part on a three-jaw chuck, preferably, when the soft jaws clamp the rotor part, a smaller clamping force is first used to allow the rotor part to move freely under the thrust before the soft jaws clamp, and the free movement includes radial movement of the rotor part and rotation or angular adjustment around the directional pin.

[0019] In the aforementioned method for directional clamping of a rotor part on a three-jaw chuck, preferably, the axially inherent directional hole or directional groove or groove notch of the rotor part cooperating with the directional pin is a cylindrical hole or an elliptical hole or a polygonal hole or a crescent groove.

[0020] This technical solution is based on a three-jaw chuck, and an auxiliary orientation plate is designed. The three claw seats on the three-jaw chuck are used to position and orient the orientation plate. An orientation groove is set on the orientation plate, and the center line of the orientation groove is located on a straight line passing through the center of the orientation plate. An orientation pin is configured. The orientation pin cooperates with the orientation groove through an orientation block to achieve unidirectional movement. At the same time, by installing a cylindrical or crescent pin and cooperating with the axially inherent orientation hole or orientation groove of the rotor part, the three-jaw chuck can maintain a fixed orientation under the action of the orientation pin during the process of clamping the rotor part, so that the line or surface used as the reference of the product always coincides with the calibrated reference center surface in the auxiliary orientation plate, and finally the orientation hole or groove of the rotor part, the orientation pin and the orientation groove of the orientation plate are highly overlapped to achieve precise orientation of the product. The middle section of the orientation pin has a limit cone larger than the size of the installation cylindrical or crescent pin to limit the position of the orientation pin after installation.

[0021] According to the principles of this design, if the product uses a basic fixture of the core expansion sleeve type, the installation structure of the oriented plate can be designed according to the basic fixture, and an oriented groove with a center line passing through the center of the circle can be provided on the oriented plate to ensure that when the product is clamped, the oriented pin can drive the product's inherent oriented hole (groove) to move in the radial direction, so that the center line of the oriented hole (groove) always coincides with the center plane of the oriented groove.

[0022] The method sets the matching size of the directional pin and the directional slot as a single standard size, so that the directional plate and the directional block of the directional pin become standard parts, and the matching part of the directional pin and the axial inherent hole or slot of the rotor part is set to an adaptive size, which greatly improves the versatility of the device in the method.

[0023] Furthermore, according to the design principles of the present method, when finishing a rotating body with high precision requirements, it is clamped on a three-jaw chuck. In addition to the rotating body parts having directional holes or directional grooves or groove notches on their wheel spokes or edges, auxiliary directional holes or directional grooves or groove notches can be artificially set. Of course, these auxiliary holes and grooves are based on the premise that they have no effect on product quality.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The directional plate and directional pin have simple structures and are easy to be made into standard parts. The directional pin and soft claw or expansion core form the positioning and orientation principle of double cylindrical pins.

[0026] 2. The directional pin slides unidirectionally in the directional groove of the directional plate to solve the over-positioning problem when the two cylindrical pins are positioned. The orientation accuracy is more accurate than that of the prismatic pin.

[0027] 3. Since the degrees of freedom between the product and the oriented plate and chuck are completely eliminated, even if intermittent cutting impact force occurs during the processing, it will not affect the orientation effect of the product. The product will not rotate due to large cutting force or impact force, and the processing process is safer.

[0028] 4. No need to use probe to verify the orientation during the process, which simplifies the processing procedure and improves processing efficiency.

[0029] 5. It realizes zero-gap positioning, small-gap orientation, and small clamping force clamping, which more effectively ensures the relative position relationship between the rotor plunger hole and the crescent groove, prevents clamping deformation, and ensures product processing accuracy.

[0030] 6. It can solve the processing and production scheduling problems of composite equipment, and can also solve the clamping and orientation problems of products on single-workbench equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an installation structure of a directional board of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an oriented board of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the installation of a plunger hole directional pin of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a plunger hole directional pin structure.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an installation embodiment of a crescent groove positioning pin of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a crescent groove positioning pin of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the direction structure of the plunger hole (cylindrical hole) of a rotor component product.

[0038] Figure 8It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crescent groove direction of the rotor parts product.

[0039] In the figure: 1-chuck; 2-claw seat; 201-soft claw; 3-orientation plate, 301-through groove; 302-orientation groove; 303-screw hole; 4-plunger hole directional pin; 4a-crescent groove positioning pin; 401-mounting cylinder; 402-orientation block; 403-limiting round table; 4a01-crescent pin; 5-rotor part; 501-cylindrical hole; 502-crescent groove; 6-screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention is further specifically described below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0041] The present embodiment provides a method for directional clamping of a rotor part on a three-jaw chuck, including the following contents:

[0042] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , a standard three-jaw chuck 1 is selected, and a circular oriented plate 3 is designed. The oriented plate 3 has a through slot 301 that matches the three claw seats 2 on the three-jaw chuck 1. The through slot 301 is divided into three equal parts on the surface of the oriented plate 3. The width of the through slot 301 is equal to the width of the claw seat 2. The oriented plate can be accurately positioned on the three-jaw chuck by the three through slots. An oriented slot 302 extending from the edge to the center of the oriented plate 3 is opened between the two through slots 301 on the surface of the oriented plate 3, that is, the oriented slot 302 is located on a radius of the oriented plate 3, and is provided with three equally arranged screw holes 303 for fixing the end face of the chuck 1, which are used to connect with the chuck 1 and cooperate with the through slot 301 and the claw seat 2 to jointly eliminate the degree of freedom between the oriented plate 3 and the chuck 1. Soft claws 201 are installed on the three claw seats 2. The thickness of the oriented plate 3 is adapted to the thickness of the assembly position of the claw seat 2 and the soft claws 201, so as not to affect the soft claws 201 clamping the workpiece.

[0043] A directional pin is designed, which cooperates with the directional groove 302 and the directional hole or directional groove or groove gap inherent in the axial direction of the rotor part 5.

[0044] The directional pin is provided with a limiting truncated cone 403, the radial dimension of which is larger than the dimension of the hole or slot matched with the directional pin and the rotor part 5, so as to limit the axial freedom of the directional pin and the hole or slot matched with it.

[0045] During the clamping process of the soft claw 201 on the rotor part 5, the directional hole or directional groove or slot gap inherent in the axial direction of the rotor part 5 is driven by the directional pin to move radially or rotate angularly, so that the center line of the directional hole or directional groove or slot gap always coincides with the center plane of the directional groove 302, or the rotor part is angularly adjusted, thereby realizing unidirectional movement of the rotor part 5 in the radial direction.

[0046] During operation, when the soft claws 201 clamp the rotor part 5, a smaller pressing force is first used to allow the rotor part 5 to move freely under the thrust before the soft claws 201 clamp. The free movement includes radial movement of the rotor part 5 and angular adjustment obtained by rotating around the directional pin.

[0047] In this embodiment, the axially inherent directional hole, directional groove or groove notch of the rotor part 5 cooperating with the directional pin is a cylindrical hole 501, an elliptical hole, a polygonal hole or a crescent groove 502 or other actual hole grooves. In contrast, the directional pin is a plunger hole directional pin 4 or a crescent groove locating pin 4a or other actual structure locating pin.

[0048] The following is a further explanation using the cylindrical hole 501 and the crescent groove 502 of the rotor part 5 as an example of clamping.

[0049] Embodiment 1, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a directional clamping of a plunger hole directional pin 4 corresponds to a clamping product such as Figure 7 As shown, one end of the limiting truncated cone 403 is an orientation block 402, and the other end is a mounting cylinder 401. The diameter of the mounting cylinder 401 is consistent with the diameter of the cylindrical hole 501 (i.e., the plunger hole) inherent in the product rotor part 5. The limiting truncated cone 403 is slightly larger than the diameter of the mounting cylinder 401, and limits the position of the plunger hole orientation pin 4 after installation. The orientation block 402 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, which is matched with the orientation slot 302 on the orientation plate 3 to achieve unidirectional movement. When clamping, one end of the mounting cylinder 401 is placed in the plunger hole of the rotor part 5, and one end of the orientation block 402 is placed in the orientation slot 302 of the orientation plate 3. After installation, a certain gap is maintained between the limiting truncated cone 403 and the end face of the product rotor part 5.

[0050] When the soft jaws 201 with automatic centering and clamping force clamp the rotor part 5, a smaller pressing force is first used to allow the rotor part 5 to move freely under the thrust of the soft jaws 201 before clamping, so that the center line of the cylindrical hole 501 (i.e., the plunger hole) always coincides with the center plane of the directional groove 302, thereby completing the unidirectional movement of the rotor part 5 in the radial direction, and finally achieving the coaxiality requirement of the rotor part 5 and the three-jaw chuck 1. In the cutting process, the rotor part 5 is prevented from spinning due to excessive cutting force, large product excess, etc., and the relative position relationship between the crescent groove 502 and the plunger hole (cylindrical hole 501) is prevented from having a large angular error, resulting in waste; at the same time, the problem of excessive parallelism of the two end faces of the rotor part 5 caused by the docking clamping process is also avoided.

[0051] Embodiment 2, as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, a crescent groove positioning pin 4a corresponds to a clamping product such as Figure 8As shown, the middle of the crescent groove positioning pin 4a is still a limiting truncated cone 403, one end of which is in the shape of a crescent pin 4a01, which matches the size of the crescent groove 502 in the rotor part 5. During specific operation, the size of the crescent pin 4a01 is slightly smaller than the size of the crescent groove 502 of the rotor part 5 product by 0.01 to 0.03 mm, and can be adjusted according to the symmetry tolerance of the crescent groove 502 of the rotor part 5 and the plunger hole. An orientation block 402 is provided at the other end of the limiting truncated cone 403. The width of the orientation block 402 is consistent with the width of the orientation groove 302 of the orientation plate 3, and the length is within the diameter range of the limiting truncated cone 403. After the orientation block 402 is placed in the orientation groove 302 of the orientation plate 3, radial movement can be achieved.

[0052] In the process of clamping the rotor part 5 by the soft jaws 201 with automatic centering and clamping force, a small pressing force is first used to allow the rotor part 5 to move freely under the thrust of the soft jaws 201 before clamping. Although the movement is very small, the center of the crescent groove 502 can always be in a theoretical position relationship with the center of the orientation groove 302, so that the rotor part 5 can be angularly adjusted, and the unidirectional movement of the rotor part 5 in the radial direction is completed, and finally the rotor part 5 and the three-jaw chuck 1 are accurately oriented. In the cutting process, since the orientation plate 3 and the three-jaw chuck 1 are actually an integrated structure, even if the cutting force is too large, the product excess is large, etc., the rotor part 5 will not rotate, and the relative position relationship between the crescent groove 502 and the plunger hole (cylindrical hole 501) will not change.

[0053] In addition, in the above embodiments, the matching dimensions of the directional pin and the directional slot 302 can be set to a single standard dimension, and the matching portion of the directional pin and the axially inherent hole or slot of the rotor part 5 can be set to an adaptive dimension, so as to meet the requirement that the same equipment can process products of various specifications without replacing the directional plate 3 but only the directional pin, and can also solve the clamping and orientation problems of products of various specifications on a single workbench equipment.

[0054] The operation steps of this implementation method are as follows:

[0055] 1. Fix the oriented plate 3 on the three-jaw chuck 1 or the core expansion fixture with screws 6. The three through slots 301 of the oriented plate 3 and the base 2 of the three-jaw chuck 1 have a matching relationship, so the relative positions of the two are fixed and will not rotate relative to each other due to external force.

[0056] 2. When installing the crescent groove end face of the rotor part 5 product, first place the plunger hole directional pin 4 into the plunger hole (cylindrical hole 501) of the rotor part 5, place the rotor part 5 together with the plunger hole directional pin 4 into the loosened soft claw 201, and insert the directional block 402 of the plunger hole directional pin 4 into the directional groove 302 of the directional plate to bond the end face of the rotor part 5 to the soft claw 201.

[0057] 3. Clamp the rotor part 5 with a relatively small clamping force. The rotor part 5 moves after receiving the thrust from the soft claws 201 before clamping. Since the plunger hole (cylindrical hole 501) has a plunger hole directional pin 4, the rotor part 5 will be subjected to force and rotate around the plunger hole directional pin 4. At the same time, the plunger hole directional pin 4 will also slide in the directional groove 302 of the directional plate 3. When the rotor part 5 is clamped, the position of the plunger hole directional pin 4 is fixed. The position of the plunger hole directional pin 4 determines that the center line of the positioning plunger hole (cylindrical hole 501) coincides with the center plane of the directional groove 302 of the directional plate 3, thereby achieving precise orientation.

[0058] 4. After the end face of the crescent groove is processed, the end face of the plunger hole (cylindrical hole 501) is finely processed. Before the rotor part 5 is clamped, the crescent groove orientation pin 4a is first placed in the crescent groove 502 for orientation of the rotor part 5, and the rotor part 5 and the crescent groove orientation pin 4a are placed in the soft claw 201, and the orientation block 402 of the crescent groove orientation pin 4a is placed in the orientation groove 302 in the positioning plate 3, and the rotor part 5 is clamped with a small clamping force. During the clamping process of the rotor part 5, the interaction force between the soft claw 201 and the crescent groove orientation pin 4a will be received, causing the crescent groove orientation pin 4a to continuously and automatically adjust the angle until the rotor part 5 is clamped. At this time, the orientation crescent groove 502 of the rotor part 5 and the crescent groove orientation pin 4a and the orientation groove 302 of the positioning plate 3 are in an overlapping position, so that the product can be accurately oriented.

[0059] Note: The "crescent pin 4a01 shape" described in this embodiment only expresses the structural state in the figure, and does not mean that its structure is completely like a "crescent". Of course, other similar names can also be used to express its meaning.

[0060] The above embodiments are for explanation of the present invention, not for limitation of the present invention. Any structure after simple transformation of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the principle of the present technical solution and without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for directional clamping of rotor parts on a three-jaw chuck, the characteristics of which include the following: Designing an oriented plate (3), the oriented plate having through grooves (301) matched with three claw seats (2) on the three-claw chuck (1), and having oriented grooves (302) extending from the edge to the center on its surface; Designing an orientation pin, the orientation pin cooperates with the orientation groove and the orientation hole or orientation groove or groove notch inherent in the axial direction of the rotor part (5); Soft claws (201) are installed on the three claw seats; During the clamping process of the soft claws on the rotor parts, the directional pin drives the directional hole, directional groove or slot gap inherent in the axial direction of the rotor parts to move radially or rotate angularly, so that the center line of the directional hole, directional groove or slot gap always coincides with the center plane of the directional groove, or the rotor parts are angularly adjusted, thereby realizing unidirectional movement of the rotor parts in the radial direction.

2. A method for directional clamping of rotor parts on a three-jaw chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The orienting plate (3) is also provided with a screw hole (303) for fixing to the end surface of the chuck (1), thereby eliminating the degree of freedom between the orienting plate and the chuck.

3. A method for directional clamping of rotor parts on a three-jaw chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through slot (301) of the oriented plate (3) is divided into three equal parts on the surface of the oriented plate, and the width of the through slot is equal to the width of the claw seat (2). The three through slots can accurately position the oriented plate on the three-claw chuck.

4. A method for directional clamping of rotor parts on a three-jaw chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matching size of the orientation pin and the orientation slot (302) is set to a single standard size, and the matching part of the orientation pin and the axially inherent hole or slot of the rotor part (5) is set to an adaptive size.

5. A method for directional clamping of rotor parts on a three-jaw chuck according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The directional pin is a plunger hole directional pin (4) or a crescent groove locating pin (4a).

6. A method for directional clamping of rotor parts on a three-jaw chuck according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The directional pin is matched with the directional slot (302) via the directional block (402); a limiting truncated cone (403) is provided on the directional pin, and the radial dimension of the limiting truncated cone is larger than the dimension of the hole or slot matched with the directional pin and the rotor part (5), so as to limit the axial freedom of the directional pin and the hole or slot matched with it.

7. A method for directional clamping of rotor parts on a three-jaw chuck according to claim 6, characterized in that: A gap is maintained between the limiting truncated cone (403) and the corresponding end surface of the rotor part (5).

8. A method for directional clamping of rotor parts on a three-jaw chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the oriented plate (3) is adapted to the assembly position of the claw seat (2) and the soft claw (201).

9. A method for directional clamping of rotor parts on a three-jaw chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the soft claws (201) clamp the rotor part (5), a relatively small pressing force is first used to allow the rotor part to move freely under the thrust before the soft claws clamp. The free movement includes radial movement of the rotor part and rotation or angular adjustment around the directional pin.

10. A method for directional clamping of rotor parts on a three-jaw chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axially inherent directional hole or directional groove or groove notch of the rotor part (5) matched with the directional pin is a cylindrical hole (501) or an elliptical hole or a polygonal column hole or a crescent groove (502).

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