Tunnel drilling sound wave emission sound system structure and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel drilling sound wave emission acoustic system structure and a working method thereof.The tunnel drilling sound wave emission acoustic system structure comprises an emission dipole, an emission monopole, an integrated circuit structure, a walking encoder, a gyroscope and an emission skeleton assembly, the emission skeleton assembly is provided with a containing cavity, and the emission dipole, the walking encoder, the gyroscope and the emission monopole are arranged in the containing cavity; the transmitting dipole is used for transmitting two directional sound waves, and two sound wave channels are perpendicular to each other; the emission monopole uniformly emits sound waves to the periphery of a drill hole in all directions; the integrated circuit structure is used for controlling the transmitting dipole and the transmitting monopole to transmit different types of sound waves; the walking encoder is used for recording the moving speed of the structure body in the drill hole so as to calculate the position of the structure body in the drill hole at each moment; the gyroscope is used for recording the pointing direction of the structure body so as to obtain the azimuth angle of the geologic body. The structure is ingenious, and the detection range can be widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of drilling sound wave emission, and in particular relates to a tunnel drilling sound wave emission acoustic system structure and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] As the construction focus gradually shifts to areas with complex terrain and geology or blocked by water, a large number of difficult mountain tunnels and cross-river and cross-sea tunnels have emerged, and the geological disasters they face have also tended to be highly complex and diversified, seriously threatening the safety of tunnel construction. Especially when building tunnels in mountainous areas, due to the complexity of geological conditions, tunnel construction faces huge challenges. In this case, how to improve the safety and efficiency of tunnel construction has become an urgent problem to be solved. However, the current mainstream tunnel advance prediction and detection methods are mostly at the meter level, which cannot meet the needs of identifying sub-meter (<1m) or even decimeter-level disaster-causing structures in front of the face.

[0004] The in-hole acoustic wave detection technology based on the cross-dipole sound source uses the in-hole sound source to radiate the sound field to the strata outside the hole, and detects the sound field energy reflected from the geological structure beside the hole. By analyzing and processing the full-wave signal received by the receiving transducer, the stratigraphic structure around the hole can be imaged by the acoustic field, and the geological structure information beside the hole can be obtained, and the stratigraphic structure image beside the hole can be obtained, so as to meet the needs of high-resolution and refined advance detection. However, in tunnel and underground engineering applications, acoustic wave equipment weighing hundreds of kilograms and more than ten meters long cannot enter the narrow face space for operation, and large-diameter drilling detection instruments are difficult to use in engineering boreholes below 70mm, which greatly increases the difficulty of construction and is extremely limited in application. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a tunnel drilling sound wave emission sound system structure and a working method thereof.

[0006] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A tunnel drilling acoustic wave transmitting acoustic system structure includes a transmitting dipole, a transmitting monopole, an integrated circuit structure, a walking encoder, a gyroscope and a transmitting skeleton assembly, wherein:

[0008] The transmitting skeleton assembly has a containing cavity, in which a transmitting dipole, a walking encoder, a gyroscope and a transmitting monopole are arranged;

[0009] The transmitting dipole is used to transmit two directional sound waves, and the two sound wave channels are perpendicular to each other;

[0010] The transmitting monopole uniformly transmits sound waves in all directions around the borehole;

[0011] The integrated circuit structure is used to control the transmitting dipole and the transmitting monopole to transmit different types of sound waves;

[0012] The travel encoder is used to record the speed at which the structure body moves in the borehole, so as to calculate the position of the structure body in the borehole at each moment;

[0013] The gyroscope is used to record the pointing direction of the structure body to obtain the azimuth angle of the geological body.

[0014] As an optional embodiment, the transmitting dipole includes two groups of transmitting transducers, each group includes multiple transmitting transducers, which are evenly arranged in a circle in the accommodating cavity, and each group of transmitting transducers is divided into X-direction dipoles and Y-direction dipoles, which are used to excite two mutually perpendicular directional sound waves.

[0015] As an optional implementation, the operating frequency of the transmitting dipole is in the range of 1 kHz to 6 kHz, and the full wave train is 80 to 1000 μs / ft.

[0016] As an optional implementation, the transmitting monopole includes a plurality of monopole acoustic wave transducers which are evenly arranged in a circle in the accommodating cavity, and are used to evenly transmit acoustic waves in all directions around the borehole.

[0017] As an optional implementation, the operating frequency of the transmitting monopole is in the range of 15kHz to 30kHz, and the full wave train is 40 to 300μs / ft.

[0018] As an optional implementation, the contact structure of the emitting dipole and / or the emitting monopole is protected by water-proof materials to ensure that the circuit therein does not come into contact with water and prevent short-circuit damage.

[0019] As an optional implementation, the integrated circuit structure includes a control circuit, an excitation circuit, and a water immersion protection device, wherein:

[0020] The excitation circuit is provided with multiple sets, which respectively excite the emitting monopole and the emitting dipole;

[0021] The control circuit is used to control the transmitting dipole and the transmitting monopole to excite different types of sound sources;

[0022] The water immersion anti-electric shock protector is used to provide protection against electric shock after the integrated circuit structure, the emitting dipole and / or the emitting monopole come into contact with water.

[0023] As an optional implementation, the excitation circuit adopts bipolar pulse excitation, the frequency is in the range of 1kHz to 30kHz, and the voltage is adjusted in the range of 800V to 3000V.

[0024] As an optional implementation, a shell is provided on the surface of the accommodating cavity, and the shell is made of steel.

[0025] As a further embodiment, the housing is provided with a notch at the installation position of the emitting dipole and / or the emitting monopole.

[0026] The working method based on the above tunnel drilling sound wave emission acoustic system structure includes the following steps:

[0027] When performing detection, the X-direction dipole of the transmitting dipole excites the X-direction sound source, the Y-direction dipole excites the Y-direction sound source, and the monopole of the transmitting monopole excites the omnidirectional sound source, and the angle pointing of the gyroscope, the position information of the walking encoder and the reflected signal received by the omnidirectional receiving sound system are obtained during the measurement;

[0028] According to the walking encoder, the detection position at each measurement time is determined. According to the angular direction of the gyroscope, the angle between the orientation of the abnormal body and the orientation of the structure X is determined. Combined with the reflected signal received by the omnidirectional receiving acoustic system, the orientation of the abnormal body is determined.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present invention utilizes a cavity arranged inside the structural body and a grooved outer shell, which not only effectively reduces the weight of the overall device, but also, during operation, water in the borehole is poured into the interior of the structural body, ensuring that the dipole acoustic wave transducer emitting the dipole and the monopole acoustic wave transducer emitting the monopole are fully coupled with the water, thereby improving the propagation efficiency and clarity of the acoustic wave inside the borehole and extending the detection range.

[0031] The present invention calculates the drilling position of the structure body according to the movement speed, and sequentially controls the excitation of the X-dipole, Y-dipole and monopole. In combination with the walking encoder, gyroscope and omnidirectional receiving acoustic system, the geological body near the drilling hole can be directionally detected and positioned, and has good directional capability.

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transmitting sound system of an embodiment;

[0035] Figure 2is a diagram of a transmitting sound system housing of an embodiment;

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the sound source directivity of an embodiment;

[0037] Figure 4 is a work flow chart of an embodiment;

[0038] Figure 5 The diagram is a schematic diagram of transducer contact waterproofing according to an embodiment.

[0039] Among them, 1. transmitting dipole, 2. transmitting monopole, 3. integrated circuit connection structure, 4. walking encoder, 5. gyroscope, 6. transmitting acoustic system shell, 7. transmitting skeleton assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0042] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0043] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, an acoustic system structure suitable for transmitting sound waves in tunnel drilling includes a transmitting dipole 1, a transmitting monopole 2, an integrated circuit structure, a walking encoder 4, a gyroscope 5, a transmitting acoustic system shell 6 and a transmitting skeleton assembly 7. In this embodiment, the transmitting skeleton assembly 7 is made of steel. The transmitting skeleton assembly 7 has a accommodating cavity for arranging the transmitting dipole 1, the transmitting monopole 2, the integrated circuit structure, the walking encoder 4 and the gyroscope 5 to form an integrated structure. A transmitting acoustic system shell 6 is arranged outside the accommodating cavity to protect the safety of the above components.

[0046] like Figure 2As shown, the transmitting acoustic system housing 6 is provided with a notch, the position of the notch matches the position of the corresponding poles of the transmitting dipole 1 and the transmitting monopole 2 to ensure the quality of sound wave transmission.

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown, the contact structure of the corresponding poles of the emitting dipole 1 and the emitting monopole 2 is protected by epoxy resin to ensure that the circuit structure does not come into contact with water to prevent short circuit damage.

[0048] In this embodiment, the integrated circuit connection structure 3 is used to connect the integrated circuit structure, which includes a control circuit, an excitation circuit and a water immersion anti-electric shock protector, and is mainly used to control the emitting dipole and the emitting monopole to emit different types of sound waves.

[0049] In this embodiment, a total of three sets of the excitation circuit are provided to control the X-direction dipole and Y-direction dipole output excitation signals of the emitting monopole 2 and the emitting dipole 1 respectively; bipolar pulse excitation is adopted, the frequency is in the range of 1kHz to 30kHz, and the voltage can be arbitrarily adjusted in the range of 800V to 3000V.

[0050] The control circuit is used to control the transmitting dipole 1 and the transmitting monopole 2 to excite different types of sound sources;

[0051] The water-immersion anti-electric shock protector ensures that under extreme conditions, when the epoxy resin is damaged, each circuit can still work normally for a short time when exposed to water, thereby preventing technicians from getting electric shock.

[0052] The above integrated circuit structures can all adopt existing devices.

[0053] The transmitting dipole 1 is composed of 8 transmitting transducers, which are divided into two groups. Each group is evenly arranged around the structural body. Each group of transmitting transducers is divided into an X-direction dipole and a Y-direction dipole. The X-direction dipole is connected in parallel with the X-dipole control circuit built into the transmitting acoustic system, and the Y-direction dipole is connected in parallel with the Y-dipole control circuit, which respectively excite two mutually perpendicular directional sound waves.

[0054] The transmitting monopole 2 is formed by combining two cylindrical piezoelectric materials. The monopole control circuit built into the transmitting circuit 3 controls the transmitting monopole to uniformly transmit sound waves in all directions around the borehole. The operating frequency of the transmitting monopole 2 is in the range of 15kHz to 30kHz, and the full wave train is 40 to 300μs / ft.

[0055] The travel encoder 4 is used to record the speed at which the structural body moves in the borehole, and obtain the position of the structural body at each moment by calculation for later data processing.

[0056] The gyroscope 5 is used to record the direction of the structure body at each moment, and is incorporated into the later calculation to obtain the azimuth of the anomaly.

[0057] The transmitting sound system shell 6 is made of thin-walled steel. While protecting the internal structure of the structural body from wear, it ensures that the transmitting sound source can be effectively received by the receiving sound system, thereby improving the sensitivity of reception. By opening a hole, water in the borehole is poured into the interior of the structural body during operation, ensuring that the dipole sound wave transducer and the monopole sound wave transducer are fully coupled with the water, thereby improving the propagation efficiency and clarity of the sound wave inside the borehole and enhancing the detection range of the structural body.

[0058] After experiments, the schematic diagram of the simulated radiation range of the dipole sound source of this embodiment is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it has good directional function.

[0059] This embodiment is a sound wave transmitting device, which should be used in conjunction with an existing sound wave omnidirectional receiving sound system. The omnidirectional receiving sound system is a cylindrical structure of the same size as the present invention, which can be hard-connected to the present embodiment. The frame adopts a steel structure, and ceramic transducers are placed around it, which can receive reflected wave signals from abnormal bodies in all directions.

[0060] Embodiment 2

[0061] The structure detection method provided in the first embodiment includes the following steps:

[0062] When performing detection, three modes of measurement are performed in sequence: X-direction dipole excites X-direction sound source, Y-direction dipole excites Y-direction sound source and monopole excites omnidirectional sound source;

[0063] When the transmitting acoustic system works with the monopole receiving acoustic system, the working process is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, first, the movement speed recorded by the encoder of the walking device is read, and then the drilling position of the structure body is calculated according to the movement speed. Then, the X-direction dipole, Y-direction dipole and monopole excitation sound source are sequentially controlled, and the gyroscope and omnidirectional receiving sound system are coordinated to read the angle pointing of the gyroscope recording instrument and the reflected signal received by the omnidirectional receiving sound system. Finally, the reflected wave is processed to obtain the azimuth, so as to complete the non-rotational directional detection.

[0064] The process of orientation recognition is based on the directivity of the dipole excitation signal, and its principle is as follows:

[0065] Let the angle between the anomaly and the instrument's X-direction be θ, then the X-direction dipole of the instrument transmits the signal, and the omnidirectional receiver receives the signal with the magnitude of:

[0066] Rx(t)=S(t)*cosθ;

[0067] Where S(t) is the function of the transmitted signal, and Rx(t) is the signal size received by the omnidirectional receiver when the sound source in the X direction is excited.

[0068] Then the Y-axis dipole of the instrument transmits the signal, and the omnidirectional receiver receives the signal with the magnitude of:

[0069] Ry(t)=S(t)*sinθ;

[0070] Where Ry(t) is the signal size received by the omnidirectional receiver when the sound source in the X direction is excited.

[0071] The abnormal body orientation can be expressed as:

[0072]

[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principle of the present invention without creative labor shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel drilling sound wave emission sound system structure, characterized in that: It includes a transmitting dipole, a transmitting monopole, an integrated circuit structure, a walking encoder, a gyroscope and a transmitting skeleton assembly, wherein: The transmitting skeleton assembly has a containing cavity, in which a transmitting dipole, a walking encoder, a gyroscope and a transmitting monopole are arranged; The transmitting dipole is used to transmit two directional sound waves, and the two sound wave channels are perpendicular to each other; The transmitting monopole uniformly transmits sound waves in all directions around the borehole; The integrated circuit structure is used to control the transmitting dipole and the transmitting monopole to transmit different types of sound waves; The travel encoder is used to record the speed at which the structure body moves in the borehole, so as to calculate the position of the structure body in the borehole at each moment; The gyroscope is used to record the pointing direction of the structure body to obtain the azimuth angle of the geological body.

2. A tunnel drilling sound wave emission sound system structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitting dipole comprises two groups of transmitting transducers, each group comprises a plurality of transmitting transducers, which are evenly arranged in a circle in the containing cavity. Each group of transmitting transducers is divided into an X-direction dipole and a Y-direction dipole, which are used to excite two mutually perpendicular directional sound waves.

3. A tunnel drilling sound wave emission sound system structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The operating frequency of the transmitting dipole is in the range of 1kHz to 6kHz, and the full wave train is 80 to 1000μs / ft.

4. A tunnel drilling sound wave emission sound system structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitting monopole comprises a plurality of monopole acoustic wave transducers which are evenly arranged in a circumference in the containing cavity and are used for evenly transmitting acoustic waves in all directions around the borehole.

5. A tunnel drilling sound wave emission sound system structure as claimed in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The operating frequency of the transmitting monopole is in the range of 15kHz to 30kHz, and the full wave train is 40 to 300μs / ft.

6. A tunnel drilling sound wave emission sound system structure as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: The contact structure of the emitting dipole and / or the emitting monopole is protected by water-insulating material.

7. The tunnel drilling sound wave emission sound system structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated circuit structure includes a control circuit, an excitation circuit and a water immersion protection device, wherein: The excitation circuit is provided with multiple sets, which respectively excite the emitting monopole and the emitting dipole; The control circuit is used to control the transmitting dipole and the transmitting monopole to excite different types of sound sources; The water immersion anti-electric shock protector is used to provide protection against electric shock after the integrated circuit structure, the emitting dipole and / or the emitting monopole come into contact with water.

8. A tunnel drilling sound wave emission sound system structure as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The excitation circuit adopts bipolar pulse excitation, the frequency is in the range of 1kHz to 30kHz, and the voltage is adjusted in the range of 800V to 3000V.

9. The tunnel drilling sound wave emission sound system structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the accommodating cavity is provided with a shell, and the shell is made of steel; Or further, the housing is provided with a notch at the installation position of the emitting dipole and / or the emitting monopole.

10. A working method based on the tunnel boring acoustic wave emission acoustic system structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When performing detection, the X-direction dipole of the transmitting dipole excites the X-direction sound source, the Y-direction dipole excites the Y-direction sound source, and the monopole of the transmitting monopole excites the omnidirectional sound source, and the angle pointing of the gyroscope, the position information of the walking encoder and the reflected signal received by the omnidirectional receiving sound system are obtained during the measurement; According to the walking encoder, the detection position at each measurement time is determined. According to the angular direction of the gyroscope, the angle between the orientation of the abnormal body and the orientation of the structure X is determined. Combined with the reflected signal received by the omnidirectional receiving acoustic system, the orientation of the abnormal body is determined.

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