Method and special preparation for cultivating salmon salmoniliforme fries

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a special preparation for cultivating Salmon fries and belongs to the technical field of Salmon fries cultivation.The Salmon fries comprise 30%-50% of protein sources, 10%-20% of fat sources, 100-150 mg / kg of vitamins, 1-5 g / kg of mineral substances, 0.5%-2% of amino acid, 20-40 g / kg of probiotic flora and the balance of medicine additives, the protein sources comprise fish meal and soybean meal, the fat sources comprise fish oil and vegetable oil, and the probiotic flora comprises 20-40 g / kg of mineral substances, 1-5 g / kg of mineral substances, 0.5%-2% of amino acid and 20-40 g / kg of probiotic flora. The vitamins comprise vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin C, the mineral substances comprise calcium, phosphorus, zinc and iron, the amino acids comprise lysine and methionine, and the drug additive comprises antibiotics or anti-parasitic drugs. And the culture water environment and the meat quality can be improved, so that the sustainable and healthy development of the Salmon subdongsii culture industry can be promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of breeding fry of Asian salmon, in particular to a method and a special preparation for breeding fry of Asian salmon. Background Art

[0002] Yadong salmon is a specialty fish of Yadong. It is a second-level wild protected animal in Tibet Autonomous Region. It belongs to the salmon family of the order Salmoniformes. It is commonly known as Yadong salmon, river salmon, and mountain stream salmon. Yadong salmon is rich in nutrition, has delicious meat, no intramuscular spines, high protein content, and low cholesterol content. Artificially cultivated Yadong salmon is a high-quality aquatic product.

[0003] During the fertilized egg and eyed egg stages of the East Asian salmon, they are only immersed and disinfected after they are transported to the hatchery center. No additional drugs are needed during the rest of the time. Instead, the water quality is kept stable through measures such as water changes and oxygenation. Therefore, special preparations for the cultivation of East Asian salmon fry are only used in the fry stage.

[0004] After searching, Chinese patent No. CN114568356A discloses a method for large-scale breeding of Asian salmon fry. Although it realizes the large-scale breeding and production of Asian salmon from breeding to fry breeding, it does not have a significant promoting effect on the health and growth of Asian salmon, cannot increase the food conversion rate, cannot improve the breeding water environment, cannot improve the meat quality, and thus cannot promote the sustainable and healthy development of the Asian salmon breeding industry. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects in the prior art and to provide a method and a special preparation for cultivating Asian salmon fry.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The special preparation for the cultivation of East Asian salmon fry includes 30% to 50% protein source, 10% to 20% fat source, 100 to 150 mg / kg vitamins, 1 to 5 g / kg minerals, 0.5% to 2% amino acids and 20 to 40 g / kg probiotics, with the remainder being drug additives.

[0008] Furthermore, the protein source includes fish meal and soybean meal, the fat source includes fish oil and vegetable oil, the vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin C, the minerals include calcium, phosphorus, zinc and iron, the amino acids include lysine and methionine, and the drug additives include antibiotics or antiparasitic drugs.

[0009] Furthermore, the probiotic group includes EM bacteria 0.0626% to 0.0725%, Bacillus subtilis 0.100% to 0.1330%, Bacillus licheniformis 0.100% to 0.1123%, complex Bacillus 0.1043% to 0.15%, lactic acid bacteria 0.1500% to 0.1607% and yeast 0.1452% to 0.1703%.

[0010] The method for cultivating Asian salmon fry, the specific steps of the method for cultivating Asian salmon fry are as follows:

[0011] Step 1: Breeder selection: Select mature female and male salmon as parents for breeding, ensuring that the broodstock have good health, size, genetic diversity and adaptability to local conditions;

[0012] Step 2: Egg collection and processing: Two days before egg milking, artificial insemination is performed using a single injection after anesthesia with MS222. The fertilized eggs are collected and disinfected and rinsed to prevent fungal or bacterial growth;

[0013] Step 3: Incubation: The incubation water is aerated, oxygenated and sterilized with ultraviolet light before flowing into the incubation tray or vertical incubator. The fertilized eggs are then placed in the incubation tray or vertical incubator and the water conditions, such as water temperature, oxygen level and water flow, are carefully controlled to create optimal conditions for embryonic development. After 20 to 22 days of incubation, eye spots appear on the fertilized eggs. After another 41 days of incubation, all the eggs have emerged from the membrane.

[0014] Step 4: Feeding: After the yolk sac disappears and the fry's body color becomes darker, start feeding the preparations and adjust the preparations according to the fry's condition. After 15 days, gradually transfer them to parallel tanks for cultivation, provide appropriate nutrition, water quality and environmental conditions to support their healthy growth and development. After 15 days of cultivation, transfer them to cement pools for cultivation.

[0015] Furthermore, the matters needing attention during the cultivation of the Asian salmon fry are specifically as follows:

[0016] S1. Feed management: Adjust feeding management according to the growth stage, feed 2 to 3 times a day, and avoid overfeeding;

[0017] S2. Disease prevention and control: Regularly check the health of salmon fry, keep the breeding environment clean and stable, and prevent the occurrence and spread of diseases;

[0018] S3. Water temperature control: The most comfortable living temperature for Asian salmon is 2-15℃, which needs to be maintained within this range all year round to inhibit the growth of parasites;

[0019] The specific process of adjusting the preparation described in step 4 is: when the fry have no lesions, remove the drug additives in the preparation; when the fry have lesions, add 10-20 mg / kg of antibiotics or 10-20 mg / kg of antiparasitic drugs.

[0020] Furthermore, the water conditions in step three are: the water temperature is maintained at 18-22°C, the pH value is 7.0-8.5, the dissolved oxygen is 5-8 mg / L, and the ammonia nitrogen content is less than 0.02 mg / L.

[0021] Furthermore, the number of fish fry released into the parallel tanks in step 4 is 10,000, and the environmental conditions in step 4 are: regularly checking the water quality, removing plankton, heterochromatic organisms and debris, and regularly replacing part of the water.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The Asian salmon fry cultivated by the present invention have better growth efficiency, are healthier, and have a better food conversion rate, which can improve the breeding water environment and improve the meat quality, thereby promoting the sustainable and healthy development of the Asian salmon breeding industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the method for cultivating Asian salmon fry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] See also Figure 1The present invention provides a technical solution: a preparation specially used for cultivating fry of Asian salmon, comprising 30% of protein source, 10% of fat source, 100mg / kg of vitamins, 1g / kg of minerals, 0.5% of amino acids and 20g / kg of probiotics, and the remainder being drug additives; the probiotics comprise 0.0626% of EM bacteria, 0.100% of Bacillus subtilis, 0.100% of Bacillus licheniformis, 0.1043% of complex Bacillus, 0.1500% of lactic acid bacteria and 0.1452% of yeast; the protein source comprises fish meal and soybean meal, the fat source comprises fish oil and vegetable oil, the vitamins comprise vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin C, the minerals comprise calcium, phosphorus, zinc and iron, the amino acids comprise lysine and methionine, and the drug additives comprise antibiotics or antiparasitic drugs.

[0030] Embodiment 2:

[0031] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a preparation specially used for cultivating Asian salmon fry, comprising 40% of protein source, 15% of fat source, 130mg / kg of vitamins, 3g / kg of minerals, 1.2% of amino acids and 30g / kg of probiotics, and the remainder being drug additives; the probiotics include 0.068% of EM bacteria, 0.116% of Bacillus subtilis, 0.1062% of Bacillus licheniformis, 0.1253% of complex Bacillus, 0.1553% of lactic acid bacteria and 0.1512% of yeast; the protein source includes fish meal and soybean meal, the fat source includes fish oil and vegetable oil, the vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin C, the minerals include calcium, phosphorus, zinc and iron, the amino acids include lysine and methionine, and the drug additives include antibiotics or antiparasitic drugs.

[0032] Embodiment 3:

[0033] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a preparation specially used for cultivating Asian salmon fry, comprising 50% protein source, 20% fat source, 150mg / kg vitamins, 5g / kg minerals, 2% amino acids and 40g / kg probiotics, and the remainder is drug additives; the probiotics include 0.0725% EM bacteria, 0.1330% Bacillus subtilis, 0.1123% Bacillus licheniformis, 0.15% complex Bacillus, 0.1607% lactic acid bacteria and 0.1703% yeast; the protein source includes fish meal and soybean meal, the fat source includes fish oil and vegetable oil, the vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin C, the minerals include calcium, phosphorus, zinc and iron, the amino acids include lysine and methionine, and the drug additives include antibiotics or antiparasitic drugs.

[0034] Comparative Example 1:

[0035] This comparative example is a method for large-scale breeding of Asian salmon fry disclosed in Chinese patent number CN114568356A.

[0036] Two portions were respectively extracted from the Asian salmon fry cultivated in Examples 1-3, recorded as A1, A2, B1, B2, C1 and C2, and compared with the two portions of Asian salmon fry in Comparative Example 1, recorded as E1 and E2, and length and weight tests and 100g Asian salmon DHC tests were performed after the fish were grown, and the following data were measured:

[0037]

[0038] By comparison, the East Asian salmon fry cultivated in Examples 1, 2 and 3 have better growth efficiency, are healthier, and have better food conversion rate than the East Asian salmon fry cultivated in Comparative Example 1, which can improve the aquaculture water environment and improve the meat quality, thereby promoting the sustainable and healthy development of the East Asian salmon aquaculture industry.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation specially used for cultivating Asian salmon fry, characterized in that: It comprises 30% to 50% of protein source, 10% to 20% of fat source, 100 to 150 mg / kg of vitamins, 1 to 5 g / kg of minerals, 0.5% to 2% of amino acids and 20 to 40 g / kg of probiotics, and the remainder is drug additives.

2. The preparation for cultivating Asian salmon fry according to claim 1, characterized in that The protein source includes fish meal and soybean meal, the fat source includes fish oil and vegetable oil, the vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin C, the minerals include calcium, phosphorus, zinc and iron, the amino acids include lysine and methionine, and the drug additives include antibiotics or antiparasitic drugs.

3. The preparation for cultivating Asian salmon fry according to claim 1, characterized in that The probiotic bacteria group comprises 0.0626% to 0.0725% of EM bacteria, 0.100% to 0.1330% of Bacillus subtilis, 0.100% to 0.1123% of Bacillus licheniformis, 0.1043% to 0.15% of complex Bacillus, 0.1500% to 0.1607% of lactic acid bacteria and 0.1452% to 0.1703% of yeast.

4. A method for cultivating Asian salmon fry, characterized in that: The specific steps of the method for cultivating the Asian salmon fry are as follows: Step 1: Breeder selection: Select mature female and male salmon as parents for breeding, ensuring that the broodstock have good health, size, genetic diversity and adaptability to local conditions; Step 2: Egg collection and processing: Two days before egg milking, artificial insemination is performed using a single injection after anesthesia with MS222. The fertilized eggs are collected and disinfected and rinsed to prevent fungal or bacterial growth; Step 3: Incubation: The incubation water is aerated, oxygenated and sterilized with ultraviolet light before flowing into the incubation tray or vertical incubator. The fertilized eggs are then placed in the incubation tray or vertical incubator and the water conditions, such as water temperature, oxygen level and water flow, are carefully controlled to create optimal conditions for embryonic development. After 20 to 22 days of incubation, eye spots appear on the fertilized eggs. After another 41 days of incubation, all the eggs have emerged from the membrane. Step 4: Feeding: After the yolk sac disappears and the fry's body color becomes darker, start feeding the preparations and adjust the preparations according to the fry's condition. After 15 days, gradually transfer them to parallel tanks for cultivation, provide appropriate nutrition, water quality and environmental conditions to support their healthy growth and development. After 15 days of cultivation, transfer them to cement pools for cultivation.

5. The method for cultivating Asian salmon fry according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific matters needing attention when cultivating the Asian salmon fry are as follows: S1. Feed management: Adjust feeding management according to the growth stage, feed 2 to 3 times a day, and avoid overfeeding; S2. Disease prevention and control: Regularly check the health of salmon fry, keep the breeding environment clean and stable, and prevent the occurrence and spread of diseases; S3. Water temperature control: The most comfortable living temperature for Asian salmon is 2-15℃, which needs to be maintained within this range all year round to inhibit the growth of parasites; The specific process of adjusting the preparation described in step 4 is: when the fry have no lesions, remove the drug additives in the preparation; when the fry have lesions, add 10-20 mg / kg of antibiotics or 10-20 mg / kg of antiparasitic drugs.

6. The method for cultivating Asian salmon fry according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water conditions in step three are: the water temperature is maintained at 18-22°C, the pH value is 7.0-8.5, the dissolved oxygen is 5-8 mg / L, and the ammonia nitrogen content is less than 0.02 mg / L.

7. The method for cultivating Asian salmon fry according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of fish fry released into the parallel tanks in step 4 is 10,000, and the environmental conditions in step 4 are: regularly checking the water quality, removing plankton, heterochromatic organisms and debris, and regularly replacing part of the water.

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