Large-torque magnetorheological brake based on magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-torque magnetorheological brake based on a magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode, and relates to the field of brakes, the large-torque magnetorheological brake comprises a shell, a left end cover, a right end cover, a main shaft and a rotating cylinder; a brake disc assembly is arranged on the rotating cylinder and comprises an end brake disc arranged at the position, close to the left end cover, of the rotating cylinder and a plurality of conventional brake discs arranged on the rotating cylinder at uniform intervals. A reel assembly is arranged on the periphery of the brake disc assembly in the shell, and a magnet exciting coil used for generating an exciting magnetic field is arranged on the reel assembly; an impeller is arranged on the main shaft, the impeller can move between the left end cover and the end brake disc, the impeller and the end brake disc are elastically connected, and the impeller can be attracted by electromagnetic force to move towards the end brake disc and rotate in cooperation with the end brake disc; the rotating impeller drives the magnetorheological fluid to circularly flow to a certain extent in the brake, and meanwhile the damping torque generated in the rotating process of the impeller can improve the braking torque of a system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of brakes, and in particular to a large-torque magnetorheological brake based on a magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of transmission technology, mechanical equipment is gradually developing towards high power and high slip. However, the existing magnetorheological disc brake is usually based on the shear working mode of magnetorheological fluid, and the torque-to-volume ratio is relatively insufficient; and the magnetorheological fluid has poor fluidity during operation. Once it is running under high load, the friction between the particles in the magnetorheological fluid will inevitably cause the temperature in the working gap to rise sharply, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the magnetorheological fluid at the working position, affecting the performance of the magnetorheological brake.

[0003] Aiming at the problems of insufficient output torque, large size, high heat generation and short service life of magnetorheological fluid under high-speed conditions of current magnetorheological disc brake, a high-torque magnetorheological brake based on the internal circulation mode of magnetorheological fluid is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-torque magnetorheological brake based on an internal circulation mode of magnetorheological fluid, and to improve the working mode of the magnetorheological brake. The rotating impeller drives the magnetorheological fluid to achieve a certain circulation flow inside the brake. At the same time, the damping torque generated during the rotation of the impeller can enhance the braking torque of the system.

[0005] The present invention provides a high-torque magnetorheological brake based on a magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-torque magnetorheological brake based on a magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode, comprising a shell filled with magnetorheological fluid, a left end cover and a right end cover respectively arranged at both ends of the shell, a main shaft passing through the shell, and a rotating cylinder located in the shell and sleeved on the main shaft;

[0007] The rotating cylinder is provided with a brake disc assembly, which includes an end brake disc arranged on the rotating cylinder near the left end cover and a plurality of conventional brake discs arranged on the rotating cylinder with uniform gaps;

[0008] A winding frame assembly is arranged in the housing at the peripheral side of the brake disc assembly, and the winding frame assembly includes an upper winding frame and a lower winding frame spliced ​​together, and an excitation coil for generating an excitation magnetic field is arranged on the upper winding frame and the lower winding frame, and a permanent magnet for providing a power-off protection magnetic field is arranged adjacent to the excitation coil;

[0009] An impeller is arranged on the main shaft, and the impeller can move between the left end cover and the end brake disc. The impeller and the end brake disc are elastically connected, and the impeller can be attracted by electromagnetic force to move toward the end brake disc and rotate in coordination with the end brake disc.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of coil springs are evenly arranged around the center of the end brake disc on one side facing the left end cover, and the coil springs are connected to the impeller.

[0011] Furthermore, a guide groove is arranged around the center on one side of the end brake disc facing the left end cover to provide guidance when the impeller cooperates with the end brake disc, and a plurality of slots are arranged evenly spaced in the guide groove. A plurality of protrusions corresponding to the slots are arranged on the side of the impeller facing the end brake disc, and the protrusions are located in the slots when the impeller is attracted by electromagnetic force to move toward the end brake disc.

[0012] Furthermore, the end brake disc and the conventional brake disc are provided with a plurality of arc-shaped through grooves radiating outwards from the inner diameter.

[0013] Furthermore, blades are provided on a side of the impeller facing the left end cover, and when the impeller rotates, the blades generate centrifugal force to transport the magnetorheological fluid.

[0014] Furthermore, a cavity for accommodating magnetorheological fluid is provided on the side of the left end cover facing the impeller, the inner wall of the cavity is volute-shaped, and a wide-mouth hole is provided on the side wall of the cavity of the left end cover.

[0015] Furthermore, a support cylinder for supporting the impeller when the brake is not in operation is provided on the side of the left end cover facing the impeller, and a plurality of long through grooves are provided on the side walls of the support cylinder pair.

[0016] Furthermore, the brake disc assembly also includes a plurality of fixed discs arranged between conventional brake discs, the fixed discs are staggered with the conventional brake discs, the peripheral sides of the fixed discs are fitted and connected with the winding frame assembly, a plurality of arc-shaped through grooves 1 are evenly arranged around the center near the edge of the fixed disc, and a plurality of strip-shaped through grooves 2 are evenly distributed radiating outward along the inner diameter of the fixed disc.

[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of through holes for realizing internal circulation of magnetorheological fluid are arranged on the shoulder of the main shaft.

[0018] Furthermore, the shell includes a left shell and a right shell that are spliced ​​together, and the outer surfaces of the left shell and the right shell are provided with a plurality of sheet-shaped heat dissipation fins.

[0019] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: an excitation magnetic field is generated after the excitation coil is energized, and the magnetic field that passes vertically through the brake disc part can induce the magnetorheological fluid in the gap to produce a rheological effect, which is distributed in the effective gap in a chain-like structure to produce a damping torque. At the same time, the impeller is attracted by the electromagnetic force and rotates in coordination with the left brake disc, producing a liquid transfer effect similar to that of a centrifugal pump, and the high pressure at the outlet forces the magnetorheological fluid to flow; the torque magnetorheological brake has a relatively simple structure, a high output power density, and a small basic damping torque when the brake is not working; the braking torque can be precisely controlled by adjusting the excitation current, and the magnetorheological effect excitation module is combined with the impeller drive module to avoid additional control hardware and software; the braking torque has a fast response speed, and is particularly suitable for medium and high-speed high-power braking occasions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a side sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a working schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the left end cover of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 The structure of the impeller of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 6 The structure of the impeller of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of an end brake disc according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional brake disc according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixed disk according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Description of reference numerals:

[0030] 1. Shell; 11. Left shell; 12. Right shell; 2. Left end cover; 21. Cavity; 22. Wide-mouth hole; 23. Support cylinder; 231. Long through slot; 3. Right end cover; 4. Main shaft; 41. Through hole; 5. Rotating cylinder; 51. Sleeve; 6. Brake disc assembly; 61. End brake disc; 611. Coil spring; 612. Guide groove; 613. Clamping groove; 614. Cylindrical hole; 62. Conventional brake disc; 63. Fixed disc; 631. Through slot one; 632. Through slot two; 64. Arc through slot; 7. Impeller; 71. Protrusion; 72. Blade; 8. Winding frame assembly; 81. Upper winding frame; 82. Lower winding frame; 83. Excitation coil; 84. Permanent magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0032] The following is combined with Figure 1-9 The present invention is described in further detail.

[0033] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a high torque magnetorheological brake based on the magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode. Figure 1-Figure 9The high-torque magnetorheological brake based on the magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode includes a shell 1 filled with magnetorheological fluid, a left end cover 2 and a right end cover 3 respectively arranged at both ends of the shell 1, a main shaft 4 passing through the shell 1 and a rotating cylinder 5 located in the shell 1 and sleeved on the main shaft 4. The left end cover 2 and the right end cover 3 are fixed to the shell 1 by bolts, and static seals are arranged at the mating surfaces to prevent leakage of the magnetorheological fluid. The main shaft 4 is connected to the rotating cylinder 5 by bolts. The dynamic seals at the left and right ends of the main shaft 4 are sealed by pressure-resistant and high-temperature-resistant sealing methods to prevent the magnetorheological fluid from overflowing during operation. The magnetorheological fluid can be completely injected by opening a liquid injection hole from the right end cover 3. The left end of the main shaft 4 is connected to the braked system, and the right end can be connected to a suitable fan blade. The high-speed rotation power of the braked system drives the fan blade to dissipate heat and cool the brake; a brake disc assembly 6 is arranged on the rotating cylinder 5, and the brake disc assembly 6 includes an end brake disc 61 arranged on the rotating cylinder 5 near the left end cover 2 and a plurality of uniformly spaced arrangement. The conventional brake disc 62 on the rotating cylinder 5, the inner diameter parts of the end brake disc 61 and the conventional brake disc 62 are matched with the rotating cylinder 5 by splines, and the rotating cylinder 5 is provided with a sleeve 51 for spacing the brake discs, wherein the sleeve 51 closest to the right end cover 3 is welded and fixed on the rotating cylinder 5; a winding frame assembly 8 is arranged on the peripheral side of the brake disc assembly 6 in the housing 1, and the winding frame assembly 8 includes an upper winding frame 81 and a lower winding frame 82 spliced ​​together, and the upper winding frame 81 and the lower winding frame 82 are each provided with an excitation coil 83 for generating an excitation magnetic field, and the excitation coil 83 is adjacently provided with a permanent magnet 84 for providing a power-off protection magnetic field, providing a protection torque when the brake fails to be powered off; an impeller 7 is provided on the main shaft 4, and the impeller 7 can move between the left end cover 2 and the end brake disc 61. The impeller 7 and the end brake disc 61 are elastically connected, and the impeller 7 can be attracted by electromagnetic force to move toward the end brake disc 61 and rotate in coordination with the end brake disc 61.

[0034] When the excitation coil 83 is energized, an excitation magnetic field is generated. The magnetic field that vertically passes through the brake disc assembly 6 can induce the magnetorheological fluid in the gap to have a rheological effect, and is distributed in the effective gap in a chain-like structure to generate a damping torque. At the same time, the impeller 7 is attracted by the electromagnetic force and rotates in coordination with the end brake disc 61 to transport the magnetorheological fluid. The high pressure at the outlet forces the magnetorheological fluid to undergo a rheological effect. Figure 3 The fluid flows in the direction indicated by the arrow, where the dotted arrows are schematic diagrams of the circulation of the magnetorheological fluid, and the solid arrows are schematic diagrams of the magnetic flux lines; the torque magnetorheological brake has a relatively simple structure, high output power density, and a small basic damping torque when the brake is not working; the braking torque can be accurately controlled by adjusting the excitation current, and the magnetorheological effect excitation module is combined with the drive module of the impeller 7 to avoid additional control hardware and software; the braking torque has a fast response speed, and is especially suitable for medium and high-speed high-power braking occasions.

[0035] In this embodiment, a plurality of coil springs 611 are evenly arranged around the center of the end brake disc 61 facing the left end cover 2. A cylindrical hole 614 for installing the coil spring 611 is provided near the outer ring of the end brake disc 61. The coil spring 611 is connected to the impeller 7. There are six coil springs 611. When no power is supplied, there is no electromagnetic force inside. The impeller 7 is in contact with the left end cover 2 due to the elastic force of the coil spring 611, thereby avoiding rotation with the main shaft 4 to generate additional damping torque and increase the power consumption of the braked system. When the excitation coil 83 is energized, the impeller 7 is attracted by the electromagnetic force to resist the thrust of the coil spring 611 and is attracted to the end brake disc 61, thereby realizing the common rotation of the impeller 7 and the main shaft 4 and realizing the internal circulation of the magnetorheological fluid.

[0036] In this embodiment, a guide groove 612 is provided around the center on one side of the end brake disc 61 facing the left end cover 2 to provide guidance for the impeller 7 when it cooperates with the impeller 7. A plurality of slots 613 are evenly spaced in the guide groove 612. A plurality of protrusions 71 corresponding to the slots 613 are provided on the side of the impeller 7 facing the end brake disc 61. When the impeller 7 is attracted by the electromagnetic force to move toward the end brake disc 61, the protrusion 71 is located in the slot 613. When the excitation coil 83 is energized, the impeller 7 attracted by the electromagnetic force resists the thrust of the spiral spring 611 and is attracted to the end brake disc 61. At this time, the protrusion 71 on the impeller 7 moves to the slot 613 on the end brake disc 61, so that the impeller 7 and the end brake disc 6 are connected and cooperated, thereby realizing the common rotation of the impeller 7 and the main shaft 4.

[0037] In this embodiment, the end brake disc 61 and the conventional brake disc 62 are provided with a plurality of arc-shaped through grooves 64 radiating outward from the inner diameter. When the brake disc rotates, an inward force opposite to the centrifugal force is applied to the nearby magnetorheological fluid, so that the magnetic particles inside are mixed more evenly, preventing the particles from aggregating and affecting the mechanical properties of the material; at the same time, the turbulence of the magnetorheological fluid can be increased, which is beneficial to improving the heat transfer performance of the brake disc; the arc-shaped through grooves 64 can also reduce the generation of internal eddy currents and improve the electromagnetic efficiency of the brake.

[0038] In this embodiment, the impeller 7 is provided with blades 72 on the side facing the left end cover 2. When the impeller 7 rotates, the blades 72 generate centrifugal force to transport the magnetorheological fluid, producing a liquid transport effect similar to that of a centrifugal pump.

[0039] In this embodiment, a cavity 21 for accommodating magnetorheological fluid is provided on the side of the left end cover 2 facing the impeller 7, and the inner wall of the cavity is volute-shaped. A wide-mouth hole 22 is provided on the side wall of the cavity of the left end cover 2 to realize the guidance of the magnetorheological fluid in the cavity 21 of the left end cover 2 when the impeller 7 is working.

[0040] In this embodiment, a support tube 23 for supporting the impeller 7 when the brake is not in a working state is provided on the side of the left end cover 2 facing the impeller 7. The support tube 23 is used to support the impeller 7 when the brake is not in a working state. The outer diameter of the support tube 23 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the impeller 7 to avoid axial jamming of the impeller 7. A plurality of long through grooves 231 are provided on the side walls of the support tube 23 to avoid accumulation of magnetorheological fluid particles when the impeller 7 moves, and to ensure that the magnetorheological fluid can better realize the internal circulation process.

[0041] In this embodiment, the brake disc assembly 6 also includes a plurality of fixed discs 63 arranged between conventional brake discs 62, the fixed discs 63 and the conventional brake discs 62 are staggered, the peripheral side of the fixed discs 63 is connected to the winding frame assembly 8, the fixed disc 63 is connected to the winding frame assembly 8 through an outer ring spline, and the fixed disc 63 is evenly arranged with a plurality of arc-shaped through grooves 1 631 around the center near the edge, and the fixed disc 63 is evenly distributed with a plurality of strip-shaped through grooves 2 632 radiating outward along the inner diameter to facilitate the internal circulation of the magnetorheological fluid and reduce the internal pressure drop loss.

[0042] In this embodiment, a plurality of through holes 41 for realizing the internal circulation of the magnetorheological fluid are arranged on the shoulder of the main shaft 4, and the through holes 41 are arranged obliquely.

[0043] In this embodiment, the shell 1 includes a left shell 11 and a right shell 12 that are spliced ​​together. The outer surfaces of the left shell 11 and the right shell are provided with a plurality of sheet-shaped cooling fins to improve the heat dissipation performance of the brake. The left shell 11 and the right shell 12 are fastened by welding.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-torque magnetorheological brake based on the magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode, characterized in that: It comprises a shell (1) filled with magnetorheological fluid, a left end cover (2) and a right end cover (3) respectively arranged at two ends of the shell (1), a main shaft (4) passing through the shell (1), and a rotating cylinder (5) located in the shell (1) and sleeved on the main shaft (4); The rotating cylinder (5) is provided with a brake disc assembly (6), the brake disc assembly (6) comprising an end brake disc (61) arranged on the rotating cylinder (5) close to the left end cover (2) and a plurality of conventional brake discs (62) arranged on the rotating cylinder (5) with uniform spacing; A winding frame assembly (8) is arranged in the housing (1) on the peripheral side of the brake disc assembly (6), the winding frame assembly (8) comprising an upper winding frame (81) and a lower winding frame (82) spliced ​​together, an excitation coil (83) for generating an excitation magnetic field is arranged on both the upper winding frame (81) and the lower winding frame (82), and a permanent magnet (84) for providing a power-off protection magnetic field is arranged adjacent to the excitation coil (83); An impeller (7) is arranged on the main shaft (4), and the impeller (7) can move between the left end cover (2) and the end brake disc (61). The impeller (7) and the end brake disc (61) are elastically connected, and the impeller (7) can be attracted by electromagnetic force to move toward the end brake disc (61) and rotate in coordination with the end brake disc (61).

2. The high-torque magnetorheological brake based on the magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of coil springs (611) are evenly arranged around the center of the end brake disc (61) on one side facing the left end cover (2), and the coil springs (611) are connected to the impeller (7).

3. The high-torque magnetorheological brake based on the magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A guide groove (612) is arranged around the center of the end brake disc (61) on one side facing the left end cover (2) to provide guidance when the impeller (7) cooperates with the end brake disc; a plurality of locking grooves (613) are arranged evenly at intervals in the guide groove (612); a plurality of protrusions (71) corresponding to the locking grooves (613) are arranged on the side facing the end brake disc (61); when the impeller (7) is attracted by electromagnetic force to move toward the end brake disc (61), the protrusions (71) are located in the locking grooves (613).

4. The high-torque magnetorheological brake based on the magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The end brake disc (61) and the conventional brake disc (62) are provided with a plurality of arc-shaped through grooves (64) radiating outward from the inner diameter.

5. The high-torque magnetorheological brake based on the magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The impeller (7) is provided with blades (72) on one side facing the left end cover (2); when the impeller (7) rotates, the blades (72) generate centrifugal force to transport the magnetorheological fluid.

6. The high-torque magnetorheological brake based on the magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A cavity (21) for accommodating magnetorheological fluid is arranged on the side of the left end cover (2) facing the impeller (7), the inner wall of the cavity is arranged in a volute shape, and a wide-mouth hole (22) is arranged on the side wall of the cavity of the left end cover (2).

7. The high-torque magnetorheological brake based on the magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A support cylinder (23) for supporting the impeller (7) when the brake is not in operation is provided on the side of the left end cover (2) facing the impeller (7), and a plurality of long through grooves (231) are provided on the side walls of the support cylinder (23).

8. The high-torque magnetorheological brake based on the magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The brake disc assembly (6) further comprises a plurality of fixed discs (63) arranged between conventional brake discs (62); the fixed discs (63) and the conventional brake discs (62) are arranged in an alternating manner; the peripheral sides of the fixed discs (63) are inlaid and matched with the winding frame assembly (8); a plurality of arc-shaped through grooves (631) are evenly arranged around the center of the fixed disc (63) near the edge; and the fixed disc (63) is evenly distributed with a plurality of strip-shaped through grooves (632) radiating outward along the inner diameter.

9. The high-torque magnetorheological brake based on the magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of through holes (41) for realizing internal circulation of magnetorheological fluid are arranged on the shaft shoulder of the main shaft (4).

10. The high-torque magnetorheological brake based on the magnetorheological fluid internal circulation mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The housing (1) comprises a left housing (11) and a right housing (12) which are spliced ​​together, and a plurality of sheet-shaped heat dissipation fins are arranged on the outer surfaces of the left housing (11) and the right housing.

Images