Water-cooled burner and boiler with simultaneous burning of sleeve premixing and dispersing tube bundle distribution
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411395481.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-14
Smart Images
Figure CN119309208A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of design of high-efficiency and compact gas boilers constructed in a premixed water-cooled combustion mode, and in particular relates to a water-cooled burner with sleeve premixed discrete tube bundles for simultaneous combustion distribution. Background Art
[0002] Fully premixed water-cooled combustion is an advanced low-nitrogen combustion method. Before combustion, the gas and air are fully premixed in the premixer and sprayed into the furnace through the gap between the water-cooled tube bundles for ignition and combustion. Premixing shortens the flame and the water-cooled tube bundle reduces the temperature at the root of the flame. The combined effect of the two reduces the NOx produced by combustion. However, this combustion method has high requirements on the mixing degree of the premixed gas and the uniformity of gas distribution. Therefore, it is usually necessary to set a premixer, a distributor, and a multi-channel integral flow-averaging orifice plate in series in front of the water-cooled tube row burner head. The distributor and the burner head cannot be coupled, which reduces the rigidity and uniformity of the overall width of the burner, increases the volume of the burner shell, increases the resistance, and makes the overall structure not compact. Moreover, when the combustion plane area of the burner head increases, this passive flow-averaging structure is difficult to guarantee the uniform effect of the premixed gas as a whole, causing corresponding ignition failures and affecting the uniformity of surface combustion. The more uniform the premixed gas is, the more it can ensure that the premixed water-cooled combustion is completed at a lower excess air coefficient, thereby achieving efficient combustion at a low excess air coefficient. At the same time, the stronger the cooling effect of the water-cooled tube bundle on the flame, the lower the excess air coefficient for stable combustion. In addition, when the premixed gas is ejected and burned from the long strip gaps between the water-cooled light tube bundles, the premixed airflow lacks constraints along the axial direction of the tube bundle, and the airflow is prone to deflection along the axial direction of the tube. If spiral finned tubes are used instead of light tubes, the fins facing the fire are prone to overheating or even overburning due to high-temperature radiation, and the tube row is difficult to process and manufacture. Therefore, it is extremely critical and extremely important to design a premixing and distribution structure for a premixed water-cooled gas boiler with a compact structure, low resistance, good premixing distribution effect, strong flame rigidity and simple processing and manufacturing. Summary of the invention
[0003] In order to solve the problems of large volume, high resistance, complex structure and poor flame stiffness of existing premixed water-cooled gas boilers, the present invention provides a water-cooled burner with sleeve premixed discrete tube bundle distribution and simultaneous combustion, which abandons the traditional large-volume premixer and distributor while ensuring the premixing and distribution effects, utilizes the gas-water combined tube row as the water-cooled combustion head, and utilizes the concentric sleeve as the premixing distributor, thereby realizing the low-nitrogen, high-efficiency and compactness of the gas boiler, easy processing and modification, low resistance, energy saving and carbon reduction.
[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: a water-cooled burner for simultaneous combustion by premixing discrete tube bundle distribution in a sleeve, comprising a premixer, a distributor and a burner head, the premixer or the distributor adopts a sleeve, an annular space is formed between the inner tube and the outer tube of the sleeve, the inner tube of the sleeve is connected to the annular space, the burner head comprises a water-cooled tube bundle and an air jet tube bundle, the water-cooled tube bundle and the air jet tube bundle are alternately welded to form a gas-water staggered tube row; or the water-cooled tube bundle is welded to form a water-cooled tube row, the air jet tube bundle is coaxially arranged in the water-cooled tube row, the sleeve is connected to the air jet tube bundle, the burner head and the tube bundle and the header of the boiler body are surrounded to form a furnace, the air jet tube bundle is provided with a gas spray hole, the gas required for combustion enters the air jet tube bundle through the concentric sleeve, and is sprayed into the furnace by the gas spray hole for ignition and combustion, and the water-cooled tube bundle passes through a heat exchange medium such as water and heat transfer oil.
[0005] Furthermore, the interior of the inner tube of the sleeve is connected to the annular space through a spray hole, a seam or a nozzle, and the interior of the inner tube or the annular space is connected to the jet tube bundle through a pipeline or a through hole; gas is introduced into the inner tube and air is introduced into the annular space; or air is introduced into the inner tube and gas is introduced into the annular space; or a premixed gas of gas and air is introduced into the inner tube; or a premixed gas of gas and air is introduced into the annular space; a flame arrester is arranged between the sleeve and the jet tube bundle, and the gaps at both ends of the jet tube bundle and the water-cooling tube bundle are sealed with flat steel or refractory mud.
[0006] Furthermore, the combustion surface formed by the gas-water staggered tube row and the water-cooling tube row is a plane, a curved surface or a bent surface as a whole, the air jet tube bundle is a certain distance away from the furnace compared to the water-cooling tube bundle, the two are staggered welded, the concentric sleeve is a straight tube, an arc tube or a bent tube, the cross-section of the air jet tube bundle and the water-cooling tube bundle is a single shape or a combination of multiple shapes; the cross-section of the inner tube and the outer tube of the concentric sleeve is a single shape or a combination of multiple shapes, the cross-section of the sleeve and the air jet tube bundle along the gas flow direction is unchanged, or the cross-section of the sleeve and the air jet tube bundle along the gas flow direction is The surface gradually narrows to form an isobaric air duct. There is at least one row of gas nozzles on each jet tube bundle. When there are more than one row of gas nozzles, two adjacent rows of gas nozzles are arranged in series or staggered. The gas nozzles are oriented radially or chordally. The cross-section of the gas nozzles adopts a single shape or a combination of multiple shapes. The casing, water-cooling tube bundle and jet tube bundle are directly formed steel pipes, or pipes welded by structural steel, or solder is clad on the tube bundle. The gas and water flow channels are alternately arranged in the horizontal direction, or a gas flow channel is arranged every several water flow channels.
[0007] The water-cooling tube bundle is welded to form a water-cooling tube bank. When the jet tube bundle is coaxially arranged in the water-cooling tube bank, the gas spray hole of the jet tube bundle is a tubular spray hole. The tubular spray hole penetrates the water-cooling tube bundle to connect the jet tube bundle with the furnace. The tubular spray hole and the water-cooling tube bundle are sealed and welded.
[0008] Furthermore, one or more sleeves are arranged and located at the upper end, lower end or middle part of the gas-water staggered tube row, and the airflow direction in the sleeve is axial or radial; when the airflow direction is axial, the gas flows in from one end, both ends or the middle of the sleeve, and when the airflow direction is radial, the gas flows in from one side or multiple sides of the sleeve; or the airflow direction is a combination of axial and radial.
[0009] Furthermore, the gas between the inner tube of the sleeve and the annular space is uniformly ejected along the four sides of the tube wall; or the gas is ejected along the local side of the tube wall, and under the action of the guide plate, baffle or the structure of the sleeve itself, the gas enters the jet tube bundle after circumnavigating along the annular space for a section.
[0010] Furthermore, the gas introduced into the casing is natural gas, air, hydrogen, ammonia, biogas, synthesis gas or premixed gas. When multiple casings are arranged, the same or different types of gases are introduced into each casing, and the multiple casings are connected or not connected through the jet tube bundle; or one or more partitions are arranged in the casing to divide the inner tube interior and the annular space of the casing into multiple sections, and the same or different types of gases are introduced into each section, and each section corresponds to a set number of jet tube bundles.
[0011] Furthermore, the inner tube of the casing adopts a single-stage or multi-stage premixing structure, and the gas enters another stage from one stage through the equal flow structure, and is sprayed into the annular space by the second stage for premixing, and the first-stage premixing structure is connected to the second-stage premixing structure, and the gas enters from the first tube and is sprayed into the second tube adjacent to the first tube, and is sprayed into the annular space by the second tube; or the first-stage premixing structure is located inside the second-stage premixing structure, and the gas enters from the first-stage premixing structure and is sprayed between the first-stage premixing structure and the second-stage premixing structure, and is sprayed into the annular space by the second-stage premixing structure, or the first-stage premixing structure is located inside the second-stage premixing structure, and the gas enters from the first-stage premixing structure and is sprayed into the annular space by the second-stage premixing structure. The premixing structure and the second-stage premixing structure are multi-stage premixed simultaneously. Two parallel "Ω" tubes are welded in the premixing chamber. Spray holes are respectively provided in the two straight sections and the arc section of the "Ω" tube. The two straight sections of the "Ω" tube are used for circulating air, and the arc section of the "Ω" tube is used for spraying gas for premixing. The two-stage premixing structure is a two-stage premixing space composed of round tubes, square tubes, polygonal tubes or pipe fittings and flat steel, angle steel, channel steel, I-beam and other structural steels. Spoiler columns, orifice plates or grilles are arranged before and after the inner tube of the casing for spoiler and flow balancing, or the inner tube of the casing is directly welded to the spoiler columns, orifice plates or grilles.
[0012] Furthermore, the gas enters the jet tube bundle along the tube length direction and is sprayed into the furnace through the gas nozzle for ignition and combustion; or the gas enters the furnace through the gas nozzle in a direction perpendicular to the gas-water staggered tube row for ignition and combustion; or a combined air intake method of air intake along the tube length direction of the gas-water staggered tube row and air intake in a direction perpendicular to the gas-water staggered tube row is adopted.
[0013] Furthermore, an ignition gas manifold is provided at the jet tube bundle, and a horizontal or vertical ignition gas nozzle is provided on the ignition gas manifold, and ignition gas is introduced into the ignition gas manifold; or the ignition gas manifold is connected to the jet tube bundle, and a partition is provided in the jet tube bundle to separate the ignition gas in the jet tube bundle from the mainstream gas. The ignition gas is fuel gas or premixed gas, and the air is directly introduced into the burner by the fan or introduced into the burner by the tail air preheater. When the air is introduced by the fan, the fan adopts an arrangement of blowing upward, blowing downward, blowing forward or blowing sideways. The fan and the burner are located on the same floor or the fan is located on the floor below the floor where the burner is located. When the air is introduced by the air preheater, the air enters the burner along the top, bottom or side of the boiler.
[0014] The present invention also provides a boiler, which adopts the above-mentioned sleeve premixed discrete tube bundle distribution and simultaneous combustion water-cooled burner.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0016] In the present invention, the fuel gas and air are premixed along the length direction of the concentric sleeve tube, the mixing area is large, and a multi-stage premixer can be used for premixing, and the mixing is sufficient. The premixed gas is first distributed through a flame arrester before entering the jet tube bundle, and is distributed through the spray holes on the jet tube bundle after entering the jet tube bundle, forming a multi-stage distribution mechanism with good distribution effect, simple structure, and low resistance. The invention is suitable for various boiler structures such as corner tube boilers and cross-flow boilers.
[0017] The present invention uses a premixing and distribution structure of concentric sleeves and a method of connecting jet tube bundles to ensure the premixing and distribution effects while abandoning the traditional large-volume bell-mouth premixer and porous plate distributor structure, using a gas-water combined tube row as a water-cooled burner head and concentric sleeves as a premixing distributor, so that the volume of the boiler is significantly reduced and the boiler structure is compact.
[0018] Furthermore, the structure of staggered distribution of gas and water pipes and perforation on the gas pipe improves the rigidity of the airflow during combustion, which is conducive to flame stability, short flame length, and low pollutant emissions. The flame rigidity is further improved by using thick-walled pipes and various ways to increase the depth of the nozzle holes. Compared with large-area orifice plates, it is not easy to deform when punching or welding on the gas nozzle, and the processing is simple, the precision is high, and it is easy to modify.
[0019] Furthermore, by staggered welding arrangement with the jet tube bundle away from the furnace side and the water cooling tube bundle close to the furnace side, the jet tube bundle is prevented from burning out, while the internal circulation of the flue gas is strengthened, the convective heat exchange between the water cooling tube bundle and the high-temperature flame is increased, the flame temperature is lower, and the NOx emission is lower.
[0020] Furthermore, a row of multiple ignition nozzles is used as ignition guns to form a linear ignition structure, which makes the ignition uniform and stable to prevent deflagration. The arrangement of multiple fans corresponding to the combustion surface makes the boiler structure more compact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the corner tube boiler body of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the square through-flow boiler body of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cylindrical through-flow boiler body of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram of the air being introduced from the bottom of the air preheater according to the present invention.
[0025] Figure 4b This is a schematic diagram of the air being introduced from the side of the air preheater according to the present invention.
[0026] Figure 5a It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the concentric sleeve of the present invention in which premixed gas is introduced axially on one side and the annular space is connected to the injection pipe bundle.
[0027] Figure 5b It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the concentric sleeve of the present invention in which premixed gas is introduced axially on one side and the annular space is connected to the jet pipe bundle.
[0028] Figure 6a It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the concentric sleeve with single-side axial premixed gas inlet and the inner circle of the sleeve connected with the jet pipe bundle of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 6b It is a side view schematic diagram of the structure of the concentric sleeve with single-side axial premixed gas inlet and the inner circle of the sleeve connected with the jet pipe bundle of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 7a It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the concentric sleeve single-side axial gas and air inlet structure of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 7b It is a side view schematic diagram of the concentric sleeve single-side axial gas and air inlet structure of the present invention.
[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the concentric sleeve of the present invention is located in the middle of the jet tube bundle.
[0033] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the gas enters from both ends of the concentric sleeve of the present invention.
[0034] Fig.10a It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the concentric sleeve with single-side axial and radial gas and air intake according to the present invention.
[0035] Fig.10b It is a schematic diagram of the partial cross-sectional structure of the concentric sleeve with single-side axial and radial gas and air inlet.
[0036] Fig.11a It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention in which air is introduced into the concentric sleeve from the outlet of the air preheater.
[0037] Fig.11b It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention in which air is introduced into the concentric sleeve from the outlet of the air preheater.
[0038] Fig.12a This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the premixer of the present invention using two-stage sequential premixing.
[0039] Figure 12b This is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the premixer of the present invention using two-stage sequential premixing.
[0040] Fig.13a This is another schematic diagram of the structure of the premixer of the present invention using single-stage premixing.
[0041] Fig.13b This is a schematic diagram of another structure in which the premixer of the present invention adopts single-stage or two-stage sequential premixing.
[0042] Fig.13c This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the premixer of the present invention using two-stage sequential premixing.
[0043] Fig.13d This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the premixer of the present invention, which is composed of two stages of sequential premixing using different structural steels.
[0044] Fig.14a It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the premixer of the present invention using two-stage simultaneous premixing.
[0045] Fig.14b This is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the premixer of the present invention using two-stage simultaneous premixing.
[0046] Fig.15a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention using multiple concentric sleeves or concentric sleeves separated by sections.
[0047] Fig.15b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention using multiple concentric sleeves or concentric sleeves separated by sections.
[0048] Fig.15c The present invention is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure in which a plurality of concentric sleeves or concentric sleeves separated by sections are used.
[0049] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which water pipes are welded to each other and the jet pipe bundle is coaxially arranged inside the water pipes.
[0050] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas-water flow channel formed by welding the channel steel and the flat plate of the present invention.
[0051] Fig.18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the "Ω"-shaped tube of the present invention using vertical tube row air intake and air intake along the tube length direction.
[0052] Fig.19a This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which a gas spray hole is opened on a thick-walled circular tube to increase the spray hole depth in the present invention.
[0053] Fig.19b This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention in which a gas spray hole is opened in a thick-walled section of an eccentric circular tube to increase the spray hole depth.
[0054] Fig.19c The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of opening a gas spray hole on a thick-walled square tube to increase the spray hole depth.
[0055] Fig.19d The schematic diagram of the structure of the thick channel steel and the ordinary channel steel welded to form a gas flow channel and increase the depth of the spray hole is shown in the figure.
[0056] Fig.19e The schematic diagram of the structure of the thick channel steel and flat steel welded to form a gas flow channel and increase the depth of the spray hole in the present invention.
[0057] Fig.19f The schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention is that thick flat steel and angle steel are welded to form a gas flow channel to increase the depth of the spray hole.
[0058] Figure 19g The schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention is that thick flat steel and semi-round steel are welded to form a gas flow channel to increase the depth of the spray hole.
[0059] Figure 19h This is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention using thick flat steel and arc steel welded to form a gas flow channel to increase the depth of the spray hole.
[0060] Fig.19i The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of performing surfacing welding on an ordinary round tube and opening a gas spray hole at the surfacing welding position to increase the spray hole depth.
[0061] Fig.20a It is a schematic diagram of the wire ignition structure of the present invention.
[0062] Fig.20b This is a schematic diagram of the second wire ignition structure of the present invention.
[0063] Fig.20c Schematic diagram of the wire ignition structure of the present invention.
[0064] Fig.21a This is a schematic diagram of an upward blowing arrangement of the fan of the present invention.
[0065] Figure 21b This is a schematic diagram of the second upward blowing arrangement of the fan of the present invention.
[0066] Fig.21c This is a third schematic diagram of the upward blowing arrangement of the fan of the present invention.
[0067] Fig.21d This is a schematic diagram of a downward blowing arrangement of the fan of the present invention.
[0068] Fig.21e This is a schematic diagram of the second downward blowing arrangement of the fan of the present invention.
[0069] Fig.21f This is a third schematic diagram of the downward blowing arrangement of the fan of the present invention.
[0070] Figure 21g This is a schematic diagram of a forward blowing arrangement of the fan of the present invention.
[0071] Figure 21h This is a schematic diagram of the second forward blowing arrangement of the fan of the present invention.
[0072] Fig.21i This is a schematic diagram of the side blowing arrangement of the fan of the present invention.
[0073] Fig.21j This is a schematic diagram of the second side blowing arrangement of the fan of the present invention.
[0074] Figure 21k This is a schematic diagram of the fourth downward blowing arrangement of the fan of the present invention.
[0075] Figure 21l This is a schematic diagram of the floor-by-floor arrangement of fans and boilers according to the present invention.
[0076] Among them, 1: premixer, 2: distributor, 3: combustion head, 31: water-cooled tube bundle, 32: jet tube bundle, 321: gas nozzle, 33: ignition gas header, 34: ignition gas nozzle, A: burner, B: furnace, C: flue, D: economizer, E: condenser, F: air preheater, G: bellows. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0077] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
[0078] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4a , Figure 4b , Figure 5a , Figure 5bA water-cooled burner with sleeve premixing discrete tube bundle distribution and simultaneous combustion includes a premixer 1, a distributor 2 and a combustion head 3. The premixer 1 or the distributor 2 adopts a concentric sleeve, and the inner tube of the concentric sleeve is connected to the annular space of the concentric sleeve. The combustion head 3 includes a water-cooling tube bundle 31 and an air jet tube bundle 32. The water-cooling tube bundle 31 and the air jet tube bundle 32 are alternately welded to form an air-water staggered tube row. The concentric sleeve is connected to the air jet tube bundle 32. The combustion head 3 and the tube bundle of the boiler body and the header form a furnace. Based on the water-cooled burner boiler with premixed discrete tube bundles and simultaneous combustion, the tail of the furnace B is connected to the flue C, and the flue C is connected to heat exchange components including economizer D, condenser E, air preheater F, etc. The gas jet bundle 32 is provided with a gas nozzle 321 on the side close to the furnace, and the premixed gas or fuel gas and air are mixed and evenly distributed through the concentric sleeves and enter the jet bundle 32, and are sprayed into the furnace by the gas nozzle 321 for ignition and combustion. Water or heat transfer oil is passed through the water-cooled tube bundle 31 as a heat exchange medium to cool the high-temperature flue gas, and the gap between the jet bundle 32 and the water-cooled tube bundle 31 along the length direction is sealed with flat steel or refractory mud. The combustion surface formed by the gas-water staggered tube row is generally flat, curved or bent. The jet bundle 32 is a certain distance away from the furnace compared to the water-cooled tube bundle 31, and the two are staggered welded. The concentric sleeves are straight tubes, arc tubes or bent tubes.
[0079] The cross-sections of the jet tube bundle 32 and the water-cooling tube bundle 31 are in a single shape or a combination of multiple shapes, such as a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon. The cross-sections of the inner tube and the outer tube of the concentric sleeve are in a single shape or a combination of two shapes, such as a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon. The cross-sections of the concentric sleeve and the jet tube bundle 32 remain unchanged along the gas flow direction, or the cross-sections gradually decrease to form an isobaric air duct. There are at least one row of gas nozzles 321 on each jet tube bundle 32. When the gas nozzles 321 are greater than one row, the gas nozzles 321 are arranged in a row or staggered row. The direction of the gas nozzles 321 is along the radial direction or chord direction of the tube. The cross-sections of the gas nozzles 321 are in a single shape or a combination of multiple shapes, such as a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon.
[0080] refer to Figure 5a , Figure 5b , Figure 6a , Figure 6b , Figure 7a , Figure 7b The inner space of the inner tube of the concentric sleeve is connected to the annular space through a nozzle hole, a slit or a nozzle; the inner tube or the annular space is connected to the jet tube bundle 32 through a pipe or a through hole; the inner tube is introduced into the gas and the annular space is introduced into the air; or the inner tube is introduced into the air and the annular space is introduced into the gas, at this time the concentric sleeve plays a premixing and distribution role. It is also possible to introduce a premixed gas of gas and air into the inner tube; or the annular space is introduced into the premixed gas of gas and air. At this time, the concentric sleeve only plays a distribution role. A mesh or perforated plate-shaped flame arrester is arranged between the concentric sleeve and the jet tube bundle 32, which plays a role of flame arresting and flow equalization at the same time.
[0081] Refer to Figure 7. Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10a , Fig.10b , one or more concentric sleeves are arranged, and the concentric sleeves are located at the upper end, lower end or middle part of the gas-water staggered tube row. The gas in the concentric sleeve flows axially or radially. When the gas flows axially, it flows in from one end, both ends or the middle of the concentric sleeve. When the gas flows radially, it flows in from one side or multiple sides of the concentric sleeve. The side of the concentric sleeve is provided with an air inlet channel along the length direction; or a combination of axial flow and radial flow is adopted.
[0082] Refer to Figure 7. Fig.10a , Fig.10b The gas between the inner tube of the concentric sleeve and the annular space is uniformly ejected along the periphery of the tube wall; or the gas is ejected along the local side of the tube wall. Under the action of the guide plate, the baffle and the structure of the sleeve itself, the gas enters the jet tube bundle 32 after circumnavigating along the annular space for a period of time.
[0083] Refer to Figure 4. Fig.11a Fig.11b The air can be drawn from the outlet of the air preheater F at the rear of the boiler and sent to the premixer 1 through the bellows G at the top, bottom or side of the furnace B. A gas pipe is extended into the bellows G, and a spray hole is provided on the gas pipe, which serves as the premixer 1. The gas is sprayed out from the spray hole on the gas pipe and enters the distributor 2 after being premixed with the air in the bellows G.
[0084] Referring to Figure 12, the inner tube of the concentric sleeve can be single-stage (refer to Fig.13a ) or a multi-stage premixing structure. When a multi-stage premixing structure is adopted, the gas enters another stage through a perforated plate from one stage, and then is sprayed to the premixing space for premixing by the second stage, thereby improving the uniformity of the gas flow before premixing, and then improving the uniformity of the fuel concentration in the premixed gas. For example, the gas enters from the first inner tube and is sprayed to the second connected inner tube, and then is sprayed into the premixing space by the second tube for premixing with the air, refer to Figure 12, reference Fig.13b ,refer to Fig.13c , or the first-stage premixing structure is located inside the second-stage premixing structure, the gas enters from the first-stage premixing structure and is sprayed between the first-stage premixing structure and the second-stage premixing structure, and is sprayed into the premixing space from the second-stage premixing structure, refer to Fig.13d The two-stage premixed structure can be a two-stage space composed of round tubes, square tubes, polygonal tubes or pipe fittings and flat steel, angle steel, channel steel, and I-beam structure. Fig.14a and Fig.14b, or premixing can be performed simultaneously in the first-stage premixing structure and the second-stage premixing structure, such as welding two parallel "Ω"-shaped tubes in the premixing chamber, and openings are respectively provided in the two straight sections and the arc section of the "Ω"-shaped tube. The openings in the straight section are used to circulate air, and the openings in the arc section are used to spray out gas for premixing. Orifice plates or grids can be set on the outside of the inner tube of the concentric sleeve for flow uniformity and turbulence, or the inner tube of the concentric sleeve can be directly welded to the grid to improve the uniformity of the air flow and enhance the mixing effect of gas and air. After premixing, a turbulent column can be added to further enhance the mixing.
[0085] refer to Fig.15a , Fig.15b , Fig.15c When multiple concentric sleeves are arranged, the same or different types of gases are introduced into different concentric sleeves. As an example, the gases that can be introduced include natural gas, air, hydrogen, ammonia, biogas, synthesis gas, and premixed gas. The premixed gas is a mixture of two or more gases of fuel gas, air, hydrogen, ammonia, biogas, and synthesis gas; different concentric sleeves are connected to the same jet tube bundle 32 or different jet tube bundles 32. Multiple concentric sleeves can share the same jet tube bundle or not; one or more partitions can also be set in the concentric sleeve to divide the inner tube interior and the annular space of the concentric sleeve 1 into multiple sections, each section can be respectively introduced with the same or different types of gases, and each section corresponds to a set number of jet tube bundles.
[0086] refer to Fig.16 In the burner head 3, the water-cooling tube bundles 31 are welded to each other to form a tube row, and the jet tube bundle 32 is concentrically arranged in all or part of the water-cooling tube bundles 31. The gas spray holes 321 of the jet tube bundle 32 are tubular spray holes. The tubular spray holes penetrate the tube wall of the water-cooling tube bundle 31 to connect the jet tube bundle 32 with the furnace. The tubular spray holes are sealed and welded to the water-cooling tube bundle 31. The tubular spray holes can be realized by using transverse air pipes.
[0087] refer to Fig.17 , Fig.18 The concentric sleeve, water-cooling tube bundle 31 and gas jet bundle 32 are directly formed steel pipes or pipes welded from structural steel. In order to enhance the depth of the gas jet hole 321 on the gas jet bundle 32 and further increase the directivity and rigidity of the flame, the channel steel is welded to the thick plate to form a gas-water flow channel, and the gas jet hole 321 is opened on the plate. Fig.17 ; Open the gas nozzle 321 on the straight section of the "Ω" shaped tube, reference Fig.18 ; Open the gas nozzle 321 on the thick-walled circular tube, refer to Fig.19a ; Open the gas nozzle 321 in the thick wall section of the eccentric tube, reference Fig.19b Figure: Opening a gas injection hole 321 on a thick-walled square tube, reference Fig.19c; Thick channel steel and ordinary channel steel are welded to form a gas flow channel, and a gas spray hole 321 is opened on the thick channel steel, reference Fig.19d ; The gas flow channel is formed by welding thick channel steel and flat steel, and a gas spray hole 321 is opened on the thick channel steel, refer to Fig.19e Figure; Thick flat steel and angle steel are welded to form a gas flow channel, and a gas spray hole 321 is opened on the thick flat steel, refer to Fig.19f ; Thick flat steel and semi-circular steel are welded to form a gas flow channel, and a gas spray hole 321 is opened on the thick flat steel, refer to Figure g in Figure 19; Thick flat steel and arc steel are welded to form a gas flow channel, and a gas spray hole 321 is opened on the thick flat steel, refer to Figure h in Figure 19; Overlay welding is performed on ordinary round tubes to increase the local wall thickness of the round tubes, and a gas spray hole 321 is opened at the overlay welding, refer to Figure i in Figure 19. The gas and water flow channels are alternately arranged in the horizontal direction, or a gas flow channel is arranged every several water flow channels, the gas flow channel is far away from the furnace side, and the water flow channel is close to the furnace side.
[0088] refer to Fig.18 The premixed and distributed gas enters the jet tube bundle 32 along the tube length direction and enters the furnace through the gas nozzle 321 on the jet tube bundle 32 for ignition and combustion; or enters the furnace through the gas nozzle 321 in a direction perpendicular to the gas-water staggered tube row for ignition and combustion; or a combined air intake method of air intake along the tube length direction of the gas-water staggered tube row and air intake in a direction perpendicular to the gas-water staggered tube row is adopted, and different types of gases are introduced into the same or different types of gases, such as natural gas, air, hydrogen, ammonia, biogas, synthesis gas, and premixed gas.
[0089] refer to Fig.20a , Fig.20b A horizontal ignition gas header 33 is arranged at the bottom of the jet tube bundle 32 or on the side away from the furnace, and a vertical or horizontal ignition gas nozzle 34 is connected to the ignition gas header 33. The ignition gas nozzle 34 passes through the blocking flat steel or refractory mud and extends into the furnace. The ignition gas is ignited after being ejected from the ignition gas nozzle 34, and ignites the mainstream gas ejected from the jet tube bundle 32; Fig.20c , or the ignition gas header 33 is connected to the jet tube bundle 32, and the ignition gas in the jet tube bundle 32 is separated from the mainstream gas by a partition, and the ignition gas enters the local jet tube bundle 32 from the ignition header 33, and is ejected and ignited from the gas injection holes 321 on this part of the jet tube bundle 32, igniting the mainstream gas ejected from the remaining jet tube bundles 32. The ignition gas is fuel gas or premixed gas.
[0090] Air is introduced directly into the burner by the fan or by the tail air preheater. Figures 21a to 21lWhen the air is introduced by the fan, in order to improve the compactness of the overall structure of the boiler, the fan adopts the arrangement of upward blowing, downward blowing, forward blowing or side blowing. Each arrangement corresponds to a variety of compact installation positions of the fan. The fan and the burner are located on the same floor or the fan is located on the floor below the burner. Figure 4a , Figure 4b When introduced by the air preheater, the air enters the burner along the top, bottom or side of the boiler.
[0091] In summary, the present invention discloses a water-cooled burner for simultaneous combustion of sleeve premixed discrete tube bundle distribution, which adopts concentric sleeves as premixers or distributors, and the water-cooled tube bundles and the jet tube bundles are alternately welded to form a combustion surface tube row, the concentric sleeves are connected to the jet tube bundle, and a gas spray hole is provided on the furnace side of the jet tube bundle, and the inner layer of the concentric sleeves is connected to the annular space. After the fuel gas and air or premixed gas are evenly mixed and distributed in the concentric sleeves, the gas is distributed along the tube length direction of the jet tube bundle and sprayed out from the gas spray hole for combustion, and ignited evenly through a row of linear ignition nozzles, and the traditional large-volume premixers and distributors are abandoned, and a large-area equalizing orifice plate is not required. The gas is evenly premixed, distributed and burned, with low resistance, strong flame rigidity, low pollutant emission, compact structure, simple processing and modification, and is suitable for various furnace types such as corner tubes and cross-flow furnaces. Multiple concentric sleeves can be arranged to connect different jet tube bundles, and different types of gases can be sprayed into them to achieve mixed combustion or independent combustion of multiple gases.
[0092] The above contents are only for explaining the technical idea of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A water-cooled burner with premixed discrete tube bundles and simultaneous combustion, characterized in that: The invention comprises a premixer (1), a distributor (2) and a combustion head (3). The premixer (1) or the distributor (2) adopts a sleeve. An annular space is formed between the inner tube and the outer tube of the sleeve. The inner tube of the sleeve is connected to the annular space. The combustion head (3) comprises a water-cooling tube bundle (31) and an air jet tube bundle (32). The water-cooling tube bundle (31) and the air jet tube bundle (32) are alternately welded to form a gas-water staggered tube row; or the water-cooling tube bundle (31) is welded to form a water-cooling tube row. The air jet tube bundle (32) is coaxially arranged in the water-cooling tube row. The sleeve is connected to the air jet tube bundle (32). The combustion head (3) and the tube bundle and header of the boiler body form a furnace. The air jet tube bundle (32) is provided with a gas spray hole (321). The gas required for combustion enters the air jet tube bundle (32) through the concentric sleeve and is sprayed into the furnace through the gas spray hole (321) for ignition and combustion. Water or heat transfer oil is passed through the water-cooling tube bundle (31) as a heat exchange medium.
2. A water-cooled burner for simultaneous combustion with premixed discrete tube bundles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner tube of the sleeve is connected to the annular space through a spray hole, a slit or a spray pipe, and the inner tube or the annular space is connected to the jet tube bundle (32) through a pipeline or a through hole; gas is introduced into the inner tube and air is introduced into the annular space; or air is introduced into the inner tube and gas is introduced into the annular space; or a premixed gas of gas and air is introduced into the inner tube; or a premixed gas of gas and air is introduced into the annular space; a flame arrester is arranged between the sleeve and the jet tube bundle (32), and the gaps at both ends of the jet tube bundle (32) and the water-cooling tube bundle (31) are sealed with flat steel or refractory mud.
3. The water-cooled burner for simultaneous combustion of premixed discrete tube bundles in a sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion surface formed by the gas-water staggered tube row and the water-cooling tube row is generally flat, curved or bent; the jet tube bundle (32) is a certain distance away from the furnace compared to the water-cooling tube bundle (31); the two are staggered welded; the concentric sleeves are straight tubes, arc tubes or bent tubes; the cross-sections of the jet tube bundle (32) and the water-cooling tube bundle (31) are a single shape or a combination of multiple shapes; the cross-sections of the inner tube and the outer tube of the concentric sleeve are a single shape or a combination of multiple shapes; the cross-sections of the sleeve and the jet tube bundle (32) along the gas flow direction remain unchanged, or the cross-sections of the sleeve and the jet tube bundle (32) along the gas flow direction gradually decrease to form an isobaric The air duct comprises at least one row of gas spray holes (321) on each jet pipe bundle (32); when the number of gas spray holes (321) is greater than one row, two adjacent rows of gas spray holes (321) are arranged in series or staggered; the gas spray holes (321) are oriented radially or chordally; the cross-section of the gas spray holes (321) is of a single shape or a combination of multiple shapes; the casing, the water-cooling pipe bundle (31) and the jet pipe bundle (32) are directly formed steel pipes, or pipes welded from structural steel, or solder is clad on the pipe bundle; the gas and water flow channels are alternately arranged in the horizontal direction, or a gas flow channel is arranged every several water flow channels; The water-cooling tube bundle (31) is welded to form a water-cooling tube row. When the jet tube bundle (32) is coaxially arranged in the water-cooling tube row, the gas spray hole (321) of the jet tube bundle (32) is a tubular spray hole. The tubular spray hole penetrates the water-cooling tube bundle (31) to connect the jet tube bundle (32) with the furnace. The tubular spray hole and the water-cooling tube bundle (31) are sealed and welded.
4. The water-cooled burner for simultaneous combustion of premixed discrete tube bundles in a sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeves are arranged in one or more positions, and are located at the upper end, the lower end or the middle of the gas-water staggered tube row. The airflow direction in the sleeve is axial or radial. When the airflow direction is axial, the gas flows in from one end, both ends or the middle of the sleeve. When the airflow direction is radial, the gas flows in from one side or multiple sides of the sleeve. Or the airflow direction is a combination of axial and radial.
5. A water-cooled burner for simultaneous combustion with premixed discrete tube bundles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas between the inner tube of the sleeve and the annular space is uniformly ejected along the periphery of the tube wall; or the gas is ejected along the local side of the tube wall. Under the action of the guide plate, the baffle plate or the structure of the sleeve itself, the gas detours along the annular space for a section and then enters the jet tube bundle (32).
6. The water-cooled burner for simultaneous combustion of premixed discrete tube bundles in a sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas introduced into the casing is natural gas, air, hydrogen, ammonia, biogas, synthesis gas or premixed gas. When multiple casings are arranged, the same or different types of gas are introduced into each casing, and the multiple casings are connected or disconnected through the jet pipe bundle (32); or one or more partitions are arranged in the casing to divide the inner tube and the annular space of the casing into multiple sections, and the same or different types of gas are introduced into each section, and each section corresponds to a set number of jet pipe bundles (32).
7. The water-cooled burner for simultaneous combustion of premixed discrete tube bundles in a sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner tube of the casing adopts a single-stage or multi-stage premixing structure. After the gas enters another stage through the equalizing structure from one stage, it is sprayed into the annular space by the second stage for premixing. The first-stage premixing structure is connected to the second-stage premixing structure. After the gas enters from the first tube, it is sprayed into the second tube adjacent to the first tube, and then sprayed into the annular space from the second tube. Or the first-stage premixing structure is located inside the second-stage premixing structure, and the gas enters from the first-stage premixing structure and is sprayed between the first-stage premixing structure and the second-stage premixing structure, and is sprayed into the annular space by the second-stage premixing structure, or the first-stage premixing structure and the second-stage premixing structure are premixed at multiple stages simultaneously, two parallel "Ω" tubes are welded in the premixing chamber, and two straight sections and arc sections of the "Ω" tube are respectively provided with spray holes, the two straight sections of the "Ω" tube are used for circulating air, and the arc section of the "Ω" tube is used for spraying gas for premixing, and the two-stage premixing structure is a two-stage premixing space composed of a round tube, a square tube, a polygonal tube or a pipe fitting and a flat steel, an angle steel, a channel steel or an I-beam, and spoiler columns, orifice plates or grilles are arranged before and after the inner tube of the casing for spoiler and flow balancing, or the inner tube of the casing is directly welded to the spoiler column, orifice plate or grille.
8. The water-cooled burner for simultaneous combustion of premixed discrete tube bundles in a sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas enters the jet tube bundle (31) along the tube length direction and is sprayed into the furnace through the gas spray hole (321) for ignition and combustion; or the gas enters the furnace through the gas spray hole (321) in a direction perpendicular to the gas-water staggered tube row for ignition and combustion; or a combined air intake method of air intake along the tube length direction of the gas-water staggered tube row and air intake along a direction perpendicular to the gas-water staggered tube row is adopted.
9. The water-cooled burner for simultaneous combustion of premixed discrete tube bundles in a sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ignition gas header (33) is arranged at the jet tube bundle (32), and a horizontal or vertical ignition gas nozzle (34) is arranged on the ignition gas header (33). Ignition gas is introduced into the ignition gas header (33); or the ignition gas header (33) is connected to the jet tube bundle (32), and a partition is arranged in the jet tube bundle (32) to separate the ignition gas in the jet tube bundle (32) from the mainstream gas. The ignition gas is fuel gas or premixed gas. The air is directly introduced into the burner by a fan or introduced into the burner by a tail air preheater. When introduced by the fan, the fan adopts an arrangement mode of blowing upward, blowing downward, blowing forward or blowing sideways. The fan and the burner are located on the same floor or the fan is located on the floor below the burner. When introduced by the air preheater, the air enters the burner along the top, bottom or side of the boiler.
10. A boiler, characterized in that: A water-cooled burner for simultaneous combustion using the sleeve premixed discrete tube bundle distribution as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.