Low-carbon-oriented transformer substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-carbon-oriented transformer substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method. The method comprises the following steps: S1, collecting various information of a transformer substation building; s2, establishing a carbon emission calculation model; the method is suitable for the technical field of transformation of the transformer substation, multiple factors such as building scheme optimization, skin function optimization, internal function optimization and meteorological conditions are fully considered, optimization design is provided, ventilation resistance is reduced, heat dissipation efficiency is improved, energy consumption of a ventilation and heat dissipation system is reduced, and the method is suitable for popularization and application. Therefore, carbon emission is reduced, the temperature of a power equipment room of the transformer substation is reduced, equipment overheating, performance reduction and even damage caused by too high temperature can be reduced, efficient operation of a ventilation and heat dissipation system is achieved, energy consumption and carbon emission are reduced, and the purposes of low carbon and environmental protection are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of transformer substation reconstruction, and in particular is a low-carbon oriented transformer substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method. Background Art

[0002] Ventilation and heat dissipation in substations is an important issue, because the power equipment in the main transformer room, radiator room, GIS room and other rooms in the substation will emit a lot of heat during operation. If the heat is not dissipated, it may cause the equipment to overheat, performance degradation or even damage, thus affecting the safe and stable operation of the power grid. In addition, traditional ventilation and heat dissipation systems usually have high energy consumption and do not conform to the concept of low-carbon environmental protection. At present, the shape of domestic substations is mainly square, or decorations independent of the main structure are set on the basis of the square. The form is relatively simple and the design method is relatively traditional.

[0003] Therefore, it is crucial to design a low-carbon oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization method. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a low-carbon oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A low-carbon-oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method includes the following steps:

[0007] S1 collects various information of substation buildings;

[0008] S2 establishes a carbon emission calculation model;

[0009] S3 performs low-carbon optimization calculations based on the carbon emission calculation model.

[0010] Preferably, in step S1, the information of the substation building specifically includes:

[0011] Building plan information, including site analysis, design strategy, and planning solutions;

[0012] Skin function information, including internal function, shutter function, and grille function;

[0013] Internal enclosure information, including partial planes, wall insulation, and waste heat utilization;

[0014] Carbon emission calculation parameters, including meteorological information, emission factors and operating years.

[0015] Preferably, the step S2 specifically includes: establishing a carbon emission calculation model for the substation building operation phase based on various factors that affect the ventilation and heat dissipation of the substation.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, various factors affecting ventilation and heat dissipation of the substation include the layout location of the heat dissipation room, the location of the vents in the heat dissipation room, the insulation of the partition wall between the heat dissipation room and the air-conditioning room, and the utilization of waste heat from the dissipated heat.

[0017] Preferably, in step S3, the low-carbon optimization specifically includes building scheme optimization, surface function optimization, and internal envelope structure optimization.

[0018] Preferably, in step S3, the building scheme optimization includes:

[0019] The substation shape is optimized from square to round to change the outdoor wind environment;

[0020] The layout of the indoor space is optimized, and the main transformer room and radiator room are arranged on the outside, which is conducive to natural ventilation of the heat dissipation room.

[0021] Preferably, in step S3, the epidermal function optimization includes:

[0022] While satisfying aesthetics, the surface is designed with perforated plates and grille angles to create a chimney effect that is conducive to natural ventilation of the main transformer room and radiator room, maximizing the use of natural ventilation and reducing the operating energy consumption of mechanical ventilation fans.

[0023] Preferably, in step S3, the internal enclosure structure optimization includes:

[0024] Increase the insulation thickness of the partition wall between the heat dissipation room and the air-conditioned room to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions, and determine the appropriate insulation thickness through simulation calculations; the waste heat discharged is discharged from the roof. In winter, this part of the waste heat can be utilized through simple means to improve the air conditioning energy efficiency of the heating room. The utilization of waste heat is conducive to reducing the carbon emissions of the substation in winter.

[0025] Preferably, in step S3, the temperature of ventilation and heat dissipation is used as the optimization variable, and minimization of energy consumption and carbon emissions is used as the optimization goal, and a genetic algorithm is called to perform low-carbon optimization on various parameter information of the substation.

[0026] Preferably, in step S3, the ventilation volume of the substation building is calculated, and the specific formula is:

[0027] V = 3600Q / (tp-tj)cρ;

[0028] Where, V is ventilation volume, m 3 / h; Q—equipment heat dissipation, KW,; tp—exhaust air temperature, °C; tj—inlet air temperature, °C; c—air specific heat capacity, kJ / kg℃; ρ—air density, kg / m 3 ;

[0029] Carbon emissions are calculated based on the service life of the substation building and the carbon emission factor of electricity consumption. The various optimization parameters of the substation are used as optimization variables, and the selected algorithm is called the genetic algorithm built into the Galapagos single-objective optimization plug-in to optimize the ventilation and heat dissipation of the substation. Among them, the various optimization parameters of the substation include base analysis, design strategy, planning scheme, internal functions, shutter functions, grille functions, floor plan, partition wall insulation and waste heat utilization.

[0030] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] In the present invention, multiple factors such as architectural scheme optimization, surface function optimization, internal function optimization and meteorological conditions are fully considered, and an optimized design is proposed to reduce ventilation resistance, improve heat dissipation efficiency, and reduce the energy consumption of the ventilation and heat dissipation system, thereby reducing carbon emissions and lowering the temperature of the power equipment room in the substation. It can reduce overheating of equipment, performance degradation and even damage caused by excessive temperature, realize efficient operation of the ventilation and heat dissipation system, reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions, and achieve the goal of low-carbon and environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a framework diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of building shape optimization in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal layout optimization in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal layout optimization in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal layout optimization in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of epidermal function optimization in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of epidermal function optimization in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of epidermal function optimization in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0040] Fig. 9 This is a comparison of the reactor room solution before and after the transformation in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0041] Fig.10 This is a comparison of the reactor room solution before and after the transformation in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0042] Fig.11 This is a comparison of the reactor room solution before and after the transformation in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0043] Fig.12 This is a comparison of the reactor room solution before and after the transformation in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0045] The "range" disclosed in the present invention is defined in the form of a lower limit and an upper limit, and a given range is defined by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit, and the selected lower limit and upper limit define the boundaries of the particular range. The range defined in this way can be inclusive or exclusive of the end values, and can be arbitrarily combined, that is, any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range. For example, if a range of 10 to 50 is listed for a specific parameter, it is understood that the range of 10 to 40 and 20 to 50 is also expected. In addition, if the minimum range values ​​1 and 2 are listed, and if the maximum range values ​​3, 4 and 5 are listed, the following ranges can all be expected: 1 to 3, 1 to 4, 1 to 5, 2 to 3, 2 to 4 and 2 to 5. In this application, unless otherwise specified, the range of values ​​"a to b" represents an abbreviation of any real number combination between a and b, where a and b are both real numbers. For example, the range of values ​​"0 to 5" means that all real numbers between "0 to 5" have been fully listed in this article, and "0 to 5" is only an abbreviation of these numerical combinations.

[0046] Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other to form a new technical solution.

[0047] Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application can be combined with each other to form a new technical solution.

[0048] If there is no special explanation, all steps of the present application can be performed sequentially or randomly, preferably sequentially. For example, the method includes steps (a) and (b), which means that the method may include steps (a) and (b) performed sequentially, or may include steps (b) and (a) performed sequentially. For example, the method may further include step (c), which means that step (c) may be added to the method in any order. For example, the method may include steps (a), (b) and (c), or may include steps (a), (c) and (b), or may include steps (c), (a) and (b), etc.

[0049] If there is no special explanation, the "include" and "comprising" mentioned in this application are open-ended or closed-ended. For example, the "include" and "comprising" may mean that other components not listed may also be included or only the listed components may be included or only the listed components may be included.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, the reaction is carried out at room temperature and pressure.

[0051] Unless otherwise specified, all parts or percentages are by weight.

[0052] In the present invention, all substances used are known substances and can be purchased or synthesized by known methods.

[0053] In the present invention, the devices or equipment used are all conventional devices or equipment known in the art and are commercially available.

[0054] The following is a further description of a specific implementation of a low-carbon-oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method of the present invention in conjunction with an embodiment. The low-carbon-oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method of the present invention is not limited to the description of the following embodiment.

[0055] Embodiment 1:

[0056] A low-carbon oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0057] S1 collects various information of substation buildings;

[0058] S2 establishes a carbon emission calculation model;

[0059] S3 performs low-carbon optimization calculations based on the carbon emission calculation model.

[0060] Furthermore, in step S1, the information of the substation building specifically includes:

[0061] Building plan information, including site analysis, design strategy, and planning solutions;

[0062] Skin function information, including internal function, shutter function, and grille function;

[0063] Internal enclosure information, including partial planes, wall insulation, and waste heat utilization;

[0064] Carbon emission calculation parameters, including meteorological information, emission factors and operating years.

[0065] Furthermore, step S2 specifically includes: establishing a carbon emission calculation model for the operation phase of the substation building based on various factors that affect the ventilation and heat dissipation of the substation.

[0066] Furthermore, in step S2, various factors affecting ventilation and heat dissipation of the substation include the layout location of the heat dissipation room, the location of the vents in the heat dissipation room, the insulation of the partition wall between the heat dissipation room and the air-conditioning room, and the utilization of waste heat from the dissipated heat.

[0067] Furthermore, in step S3, low-carbon optimization specifically includes building scheme optimization, surface function optimization, and internal envelope structure optimization.

[0068] Furthermore, in step S3, the building plan is optimized, including:

[0069] The substation shape is optimized from square to round to change the outdoor wind environment;

[0070] The layout of the indoor space is optimized, and the main transformer room and radiator room are arranged on the outside, which is conducive to natural ventilation of the heat dissipation room.

[0071] Furthermore, in step S3, the epidermal function is optimized, including:

[0072] While satisfying aesthetics, the surface is designed with perforated plates and grille angles to create a chimney effect that is conducive to natural ventilation of the main transformer room and radiator room, maximizing the use of natural ventilation and reducing the operating energy consumption of mechanical ventilation fans.

[0073] Furthermore, in step S3, the internal enclosure structure is optimized, including:

[0074] Increase the insulation thickness of the partition wall between the heat dissipation room and the air-conditioned room to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions, and determine the appropriate insulation thickness through simulation calculations; the waste heat discharged is discharged from the roof. In winter, this part of the waste heat can be utilized through simple means to improve the air conditioning energy efficiency of the heating room. The utilization of waste heat is conducive to reducing the carbon emissions of the substation in winter.

[0075] Furthermore, in step S3, the temperature of ventilation and heat dissipation is used as the optimization variable, and the minimum energy consumption and carbon emission are used as the optimization goals, and the genetic algorithm is called to perform low-carbon optimization on various parameter information of the substation.

[0076] Furthermore, in step S3, the ventilation volume of the substation building is calculated, and the specific formula is:

[0077] V = 3600Q / (tp-tj)cρ;

[0078] Where, V is ventilation volume, m 3 / h; Q—equipment heat dissipation, KW,; tp—exhaust air temperature, °C; tj—inlet air temperature, °C; c—air specific heat capacity, kJ / kg℃; ρ—air density, kg / m 3 ;

[0079] Carbon emissions are calculated based on the service life of the substation building and the carbon emission factor of electricity consumption. The various optimization parameters of the substation are used as optimization variables, and the selected algorithm is called the genetic algorithm built into the Galapagos single-objective optimization plug-in to optimize the ventilation and heat dissipation of the substation. Among them, the various optimization parameters of the substation include base analysis, design strategy, planning scheme, internal functions, shutter functions, grille functions, floor plan, partition wall insulation and waste heat utilization.

[0080] Embodiment 2:

[0081] like Figure 2-5 As shown in the figure, the building appearance and internal layout are optimized, and the substation appearance is optimized from square to round to change the outdoor wind environment; the layout of the indoor space is optimized, and the main transformer room and radiator room are arranged on the outside, which is conducive to the natural ventilation of the cooling room. The change of the appearance of this substation causes the change of the outdoor wind environment, and also brings about the layout adjustment of the indoor space, especially the optimization design of the position of the main transformer room and the radiator room. Under winter and summer working conditions, the dominant wind direction is southwest (SW). The original design of the maximum wind speed in the pedestrian area is 1.2m / s, the minimum wind speed around the building is 0.3m / s, and the wind speed of the main transformer room and the cooling room is about 0.3m / s. The maximum wind speed in the pedestrian area after optimization is 1.8m / s, the minimum wind speed around the building is 0.3m / s, and the wind speed of the main transformer room and the cooling room is about 0.3m / s~0.9m / s. The wind speed is slightly increased, which is conducive to indoor heat dissipation and improves the thermal environment, and no vortex is generated.

[0082] Embodiment 3:

[0083] like Figure 6-8 As shown in the figure, the functions of the surface are optimized: ① The facade adopts perforated plates, and the semi-open space can quickly take away the huge heat generated by the equipment during operation; ② The metal blinds also have a sunshade function. According to foreign test data, 45-degree oblique blinds can block nearly 85% of solar radiation, produce an indoor temperature difference of 4℃ to 6℃, and reduce air-conditioning energy consumption by about 30%; ③ In addition to the heat dissipation through the doors and windows required by the building, the top and side walls of the main transformer radiator room are equipped with aluminum alloy grilles with a permeability greater than 75%, which not only ensures the integrity of the building image, but also forms a chimney effect with the surrounding walls, which is conducive to heat dissipation.

[0084] 1) Perforated aluminum plate: Figure 6 As shown, considering the local (radiator room) simulation results of the perforated aluminum plate, it can be seen that under the influence of thermal pressure in the radiator room, the airflow tends to go upward, and its wind speed is roughly about 0.14 to 0.18 m / s, which can take away the huge heat generated by the operation of the equipment.

[0085] 2) If Figure 7 As shown, a simulation analysis was conducted on the influence of the inclination angle of the metal ribs on the building facade on the shading effect. From June 1 to August 31, the 45° metal ribs in the west-facing radiator room reduced the total energy consumption by 17167.41Wh compared with the 90° metal ribs.

[0086] Embodiment 4:

[0087] like Figure 9-12 As shown, the air outlet of the heat dissipation room is optimized: At present, most substations use air conditioning systems and ventilation systems to reduce the indoor ambient temperature, and the design scheme is relatively simple. Natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation simulation optimization should be carried out in key ventilation rooms to maximize the use of natural ventilation and reduce the operation time of ventilation equipment. Air outlet optimization: The internal rooms can arrange the air outlets at different heights, or increase the air inlet to ensure that the room is fully ventilated. Before the scheme was transformed, the entrance and exit were from the doors and shutters on the first floor. After the transformation, the exit flowed from the roof. The vertical average wind speed before the transformation was 0.239m / s, and the vertical average wind speed after the transformation was 0.562m / s. The indoor wind field was greatly improved. The average temperature before the transformation was 40.4 degrees, and after the transformation was about 33.6 degrees. The temperature before and after the transformation was reduced by 5-7℃, the effect was obvious, and an obvious chimney effect could be formed. Because the indoor heat source is large, the temperature of the upper layer is not higher than that of the lower layer. In order to achieve a good indoor thermal environment, mechanical ventilation needs to be considered.

[0088] Before optimization: the entrance and exit were through the first-floor door and shutters, and the wind speed was 0.239m / s;

[0089] After optimization: the roof skylight opening was increased to form a lower inlet, and the outlet flowed out from the roof. The wind speed was 0.562m / s, and the wind speed was greatly improved. After the transformation, the temperature was reduced by about 5 to 7 degrees, and the effect was more obvious. The formation of an obvious chimney effect made it easier to dissipate heat indoors and reduce mechanical ventilation time.

[0090] Embodiment 5:

[0091] Optimization of partition wall insulation: The air-conditioned room is located in the inner area, and the air-conditioned room is surrounded by heat dissipation rooms. This part of the heat dissipation is beneficial to the air-conditioned room in winter, but not in summer. Considering the operation time of the air-conditioned room, this partition wall should adopt insulation measures to reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning in summer. Through simulation calculation, optimizing the insulation thickness of the partition wall has a certain contribution to carbon reduction. Considering the economy, 120mm rock wool board is selected, and thermal bridge breaking measures are taken to reduce the impact of surrounding high-temperature rooms on the air-conditioned room.

[0092] The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0093]

[0094] Through simulation calculations, optimizing the insulation thickness of partition walls can make a certain contribution to carbon reduction. Considering the economy, 120mm rock wool board was selected.

[0095] Embodiment 6:

[0096] Waste heat utilization: The heat dissipated by the radiator in winter is discharged outside the roof. In order to make full use of this waste heat, electric shutters are installed on the wall between the air-conditioning outdoor unit and the radiator. When heating in winter, the electric shutters are opened to allow the hot air from the radiator to enter the outdoor unit area through negative pressure, thereby improving the air conditioning efficiency; at the same time, the heat dissipated in the radiator room in summer is evacuated to avoid affecting the refrigeration performance of the multi-split unit in summer.

[0097] Implementation method: Electric shutters are installed on the wall between the air conditioner outdoor unit and the radiator. The air conditioner takes in air naturally during cooling in summer and opens the electric shutters during heating in winter. The negative pressure allows the hot air from the radiator to flow into the outdoor unit area, improving the air conditioning efficiency. Multi-split units use high-pressure air outlet type (maximum 120Pa);

[0098] After optimization, summer cooling: 3.8, remains unchanged; winter heating: 4.5, the average outdoor temperature is 0℃, which is higher than -9.5℃, improving the heating COP; this optimization reduces carbon emissions: 1.413tCO2 / a.

[0099] In this application, first, the construction plan, surface function, internal function, room temperature information and personnel activity information are obtained through the construction drawings of the substation building, and then the external meteorological information of the substation location and the carbon emission factor of the power grid are obtained. Optimize the building plan, surface function optimization and internal function optimization, including calculating the ventilation volume of the substation building, etc. V=3600Q / (tp-tj)cρ, V—ventilation volume, m 3 / h; Q—equipment heat dissipation, KW,; tp—exhaust air temperature, °C; tj—inlet air temperature, °C; c—air specific heat capacity, kJ / kg℃; ρ—air density, kg / m 3. Carbon emissions are calculated based on the service life of the substation building and the carbon emission factor of electricity consumption. The various optimization parameters of the substation, including base analysis, design strategy, planning scheme, internal functions, shutter functions, grille functions, floor plan, partition wall insulation and waste heat utilization, are used as optimization variables, and the selected algorithm is called as the built-in genetic algorithm of the Galapagos single-objective optimization plug-in to optimize the ventilation and heat dissipation of the substation.

[0100] As an important node in the power transmission network and a special industrial building, substations are different from civil buildings such as residential buildings and public buildings. Compared with requirements such as airtightness and indoor ambient temperature, substations pay more attention to ventilation and heat dissipation. During the design optimization process, it is necessary to combine the actual needs of the substation to design carbon reduction methods that are in line with its architectural characteristics.

[0101] A low-carbon-oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method is used to conduct an engineering pilot project based on the Fuxing 220kV substation, providing construction experience for subsequent substation projects, forming a demonstration effect, and encouraging other substations to practice zero carbon. The low-carbon-oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method provides a reference for a large number of subsequent new substations.

[0102] By fully considering multiple factors such as architectural scheme optimization, surface function optimization, internal function optimization and meteorological conditions, an optimized design is proposed to reduce ventilation resistance, improve heat dissipation efficiency, and reduce the energy consumption of the ventilation and heat dissipation system, thereby reducing carbon emissions. The optimized design of the ventilation and heat dissipation system of the substation is significantly creative and advanced.

[0103] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-carbon oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 collects various information of substation buildings; S2 establishes a carbon emission calculation model; S3 performs low-carbon optimization calculations based on the carbon emission calculation model.

2. A low-carbon oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the information of the substation building specifically includes: Building plan information, including site analysis, design strategy, and planning solutions; Skin function information, including internal function, shutter function, and grille function; Internal enclosure information, including partial planes, wall insulation, and waste heat utilization; Carbon emission calculation parameters, including meteorological information, emission factors and operating years.

3. A low-carbon oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 specifically includes: establishing a carbon emission calculation model for the operation phase of the substation building based on various factors that affect the ventilation and heat dissipation of the substation.

4. A low-carbon oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, various factors affecting ventilation and heat dissipation of the substation include the layout location of the heat dissipation room, the location of the vents in the heat dissipation room, the insulation of the partition wall between the heat dissipation room and the air-conditioning room, and the utilization of waste heat from the dissipated heat.

5. A low-carbon oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, low-carbon optimization specifically includes building scheme optimization, surface function optimization, and internal envelope structure optimization.

6. A low-carbon oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the building plan optimization includes: The substation shape is optimized from square to round to change the outdoor wind environment; The layout of the indoor space is optimized, and the main transformer room and radiator room are arranged on the outside, which is conducive to natural ventilation of the heat dissipation room.

7. A low-carbon oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the epidermal function optimization includes: While satisfying aesthetics, the surface is designed with perforated plates and grille angles to create a chimney effect that is conducive to natural ventilation of the main transformer room and radiator room, maximizing the use of natural ventilation and reducing the operating energy consumption of mechanical ventilation fans.

8. A low-carbon oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the internal enclosure structure is optimized, including: Increase the insulation thickness of the partition wall between the heat dissipation room and the air-conditioned room to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions, and determine the appropriate insulation thickness through simulation calculations; the waste heat discharged is discharged from the roof. In winter, this part of the waste heat can be utilized through simple means to improve the air conditioning energy efficiency of the heating room. The utilization of waste heat is conducive to reducing the carbon emissions of the substation in winter.

9. A low-carbon oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the temperature of ventilation and heat dissipation is used as the optimization variable, and the minimum energy consumption and carbon emission are used as the optimization goals, and the genetic algorithm is called to perform low-carbon optimization on various parameter information of the substation.

10. A low-carbon oriented substation ventilation and heat dissipation optimization design method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the ventilation volume of the substation building is calculated, and the specific formula is: V = 3600Q / (tp-tj)cρ; Where, V is ventilation volume, m 3 / h; Q—equipment heat dissipation, KW,; tp—exhaust air temperature, °C; tj—inlet air temperature, °C; c—air specific heat capacity, kJ / kg℃; ρ—air density, kg / m 3 ; Carbon emissions are calculated based on the service life of the substation building and the carbon emission factor of electricity consumption. The various optimization parameters of the substation are used as optimization variables, and the selected algorithm is called the genetic algorithm built into the Galapagos single-objective optimization plug-in to optimize the ventilation and heat dissipation of the substation. Among them, the various optimization parameters of the substation include base analysis, design strategy, planning scheme, internal functions, shutter functions, grille functions, floor plan, partition wall insulation and waste heat utilization.

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