Flexible assembly device for unit brake and operation method

Abstract

The invention provides a unit brake flexible assembly device and an operation method.The unit brake flexible assembly device comprises a tray, a base, a rotating mechanism and a turnover mechanism are arranged in the middle of the tray, a brake cylinder is fixed to the base, the base is installed on the rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism is installed on the turnover mechanism, and the turnover mechanism is installed on the tray; the rotating mechanism is used for realizing horizontal 360-degree rotation of the brake cylinder, and the turnover mechanism is used for realizing vertical 90-degree turnover of the brake cylinder; a first locking device is arranged on the rotating mechanism and is used for ensuring reliable positioning after rotation and bearing a load applied in assembly operation; a second locking device is mounted on the tray and is used for ensuring reliable positioning after overturning and bearing a load applied in assembly operation; a plurality of placing parts are arranged on the two sides of the tray and are used for placing parts for general assembly; and a tool for fixing parts for general assembly is arranged on the placing part. The assembling efficiency is effectively improved while the assembling quality is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of locomotive brakes, and in particular to a flexible assembly device and an operating method for a unit brake. Background Art

[0002] The locomotive unit brake uses compressed air as its power source. It is a new type of basic brake device that integrates a brake cylinder, a brake force amplification mechanism, and a clearance adjustment mechanism. Its performance is related to the running quality and safety of the entire vehicle. The improvement of the assembly process of the locomotive unit brake has a positive significance for ensuring the high-quality and efficient production of the unit brake.

[0003] As the locomotive is used, it needs to be overhauled. During the overhaul, the unit brake is disassembled and overhauled, and then reassembled. In the existing assembly scheme, the unit brake is assembled on the flat surface of the operating table. During the assembly process, the brake cylinder needs to be repeatedly turned over to meet the needs of the assembly operation.

[0004] As a basic component for final assembly, the brake cylinder needs to be assembled from five sides except the A side. Currently, the unit brake can only be assembled on the flat surface of the operating table. During the assembly process, the brake cylinder needs to be repeatedly turned over to meet the needs of the assembly operation.

[0005] Inconvenient operation: The outer surface of the unit brake has an irregular shape. When placed on the platform for operation, it is generally tilted, causing inconvenience in assembly.

[0006] No fixed positioning device: Because the unit brake needs to be frequently turned over during assembly, the unit brake housing may be easily bumped and deformed, increasing unnecessary maintenance costs; there is no effective positioning method for the parts that need to be positioned during installation.

[0007] High labor cost: When performing torque tightening operations on the platform, two people are required to complete the task at the same time, which increases the labor cost during maintenance.

[0008] Reasons for the shortcomings:

[0009] The outer surface of the brake cylinder is irregular with obvious casting protrusions. After flipping, the operating surface is often tilted, which makes operation inconvenient. During the flipping operation, the unit brake frequently collides with the table, which often causes the paint on the surface of the unit brake to be damaged, and more repainting operations are required later. In addition, the brake cylinder does not have a special positioning device and relies entirely on its own gravity to achieve self-positioning. When tightening the bolts with a large torque, two people are required to operate at the same time, one person presses the brake and the other person tightens the torque. In this way, at least two people are required to complete the assembly of the unit brake.

[0010] The above method results in the disadvantages of unreliable assembly and positioning of the unit brake, inconvenient operation, and requiring a large number of personnel.

[0011] In order to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, improve safety, increase work efficiency, and reduce labor costs, it is necessary to develop a unit brake flexible assembly device and an operating method. Summary of the invention

[0012] In response to the technical problems raised above, a unit brake flexible assembly device and an operating method are provided.

[0013] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0014] A unit brake flexible assembly device, comprising: a tray, a base, a rotating mechanism and a flipping mechanism are arranged in the middle of the tray, a brake cylinder is fixed on the base, the base is mounted on the rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism is mounted on the flipping mechanism, the flipping mechanism is mounted on the tray, the rotating mechanism is used to realize the horizontal 360-degree rotation of the brake cylinder, and the flipping mechanism is used to realize the vertical 90-degree flipping of the brake cylinder;

[0015] The rotating mechanism is provided with a first locking device for ensuring reliable positioning after rotation and bearing the load applied during assembly operation; the pallet is provided with a second locking device for ensuring reliable positioning after flipping and bearing the load applied during assembly operation;

[0016] A plurality of placement portions are provided on both sides of the tray for placing components for final assembly; and tooling for fixing components for final assembly is provided on the placement portions.

[0017] Furthermore, at least two long bolts are installed on the base, a through hole is opened on the brake cylinder, the long bolts are inserted and connected in the through hole, and the brake cylinder is fixed to the base by the long bolts.

[0018] Furthermore, a cushion block is provided on the base, the cushion block is located below the long bolt, the bottom of the brake cylinder is placed on the cushion block, and the cushion block is made of nylon.

[0019] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating base, a slewing support bearing and a rotating flange. The rotating base is installed on the tray. The rotating flange is installed at the center of the rotating base through the slewing support bearing. The base adopts a caliper seat, and the caliper seat is installed on the rotating flange.

[0020] Furthermore, the flipping mechanism includes a support, a rotating shaft and a limit plate, the support is fixed on the tray, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support, and the rotating shaft passes through the rotating base for fixation, and the rotating base performs a flipping operation through the rotating shaft; a limit plate is installed on one side of the rotating base close to the rotating shaft, and the limit plate is horizontally arranged to limit the flipping angle.

[0021] Further, the first locking device includes a bracket, a rotation locking pin, a rotation lever and an L-shaped plate, the bracket is fixed on the base, the fulcrum of the rotation lever is rotatably connected to the bracket, the L-shaped plate is connected under one side of the rotation lever to support one side of the rotation lever; the rotation locking pin is connected to the other side of the rotation lever to be inserted into a positioning hole connected to the base;

[0022] When unlocking, lift one side of the rotating lever, and the other side of the rotating lever will drop with the rotating locking pin. The rotating locking pin will disengage from the matching hole of the base, and the base can rotate freely; when the base rotates to the operator's operating direction with the brake, release the rotating lever, press the rotating lever down, and the rotating locking pin will be inserted into the positioning hole of the base to complete the rotation locking, so that the brake posture and position are fixed.

[0023] Furthermore, the second locking device includes a plunger seat and a rotating plunger, wherein the plunger seat is fixed on the tray, and the rotating plunger is connected to the plunger seat and is used to be inserted and connected to the rotating base during flip locking to fix the rotating base and complete flip locking.

[0024] Further, the placement portion includes a first placement portion, a second placement portion, a third placement portion, a fourth placement portion, a fifth placement portion, a sixth placement portion, a seventh placement portion, an eighth placement portion, a ninth placement portion, a tenth placement portion and an eleventh placement portion, the first placement portion is a placement position when the long bolt is not in use, the second placement portion is a placement position when the pad is not in use, the third placement portion is used to place the parking cylinder, the fourth placement portion is used to place the push cylinder support seat, the fifth placement portion is used to place the gap adjuster, the sixth placement portion is used to place the brake shoe support, the seventh placement portion is used to place the suspension connecting rod, the eighth placement portion is used to place the long and short lateral supports, the ninth placement portion is used to place the brake shoe support self-positioning bracket, and the tenth placement portion is used to place the brake shoe support reset spring and the suspension connecting rod rotating shaft.

[0025] Furthermore, the contact points between the tooling and the parts for assembly are all made of non-metallic soft materials.

[0026] The present invention also provides an operating method of a unit brake flexible assembly device, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Select matching pads for installation according to the model of the assembled unit brake; place the brake cylinder body on the base and fix it with long bolts, install the internal components of the brake cylinder, and remove the required parts from each placement tool for installation;

[0028] Step 2: When turning over, unlock the second locking device, remove the brake shoe support from the brake shoe support tooling, perform pre-installation, and return it to its original position after installation;

[0029] Step 3: Install the spring cylinder and corresponding components;

[0030] Step 4: Remove the clearance adjuster from the tooling and install it on the unit brake body;

[0031] Step 5: When installing a brake unit with parking function, remove the parking cylinder from the parking cylinder placement tooling for installation;

[0032] Step 6: Unlock the first locking device and repaint the parts of the brake shoe support and the spring cylinder cover where the paint is not in good condition;

[0033] Step 7: Remove the installed unit brake and conduct a performance test.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0035] 1. The installation process of the present invention is simple. It only needs to place the brake cylinder of the unit brake on the base position for fixing. According to different types of unit brakes, different types of unit brakes can be fixed after replacing the brake cylinder pad. The existing solution requires the unit brake to be placed on the table plane for installation, without a positioning device, and when tightening the high torque bolt, two operators are required to work together.

[0036] 2. The present invention is highly safe: the present invention does not have any unfixed structural components, and there is no risk of parts rolling during the entire operation process.

[0037] 3. The invention has low cost: the invention can be performed by one person alone to assemble the unit brake, thus reducing the labor cost by half.

[0038] 4. The present invention fixes the brake cylinder of the unit brake by a fixing device and then reassembles it, thereby avoiding the rolling risk caused by loose fixation during assembly of the unit brake in the existing solution and improving safety.

[0039] 5. The present invention can realize the flipping of the brake cylinder in the horizontal and vertical directions during the assembly process by using a newly designed special tool, and can reliably position the brake cylinder on the tool for one-time installation, thereby completing the assembly operations on the five surfaces of the brake cylinder except the A surface, and assembling the locomotive unit brake into a finished product.

[0040] 6. After adopting the new tooling assembly method of the present invention, the brake can be reliably positioned during the assembly process and the operation is convenient. Only one person is needed to complete the final assembly, which reduces the demand for operators.

[0041] 7. The present invention arranges the parts required for final assembly on the tooling for easy access at any time, which provides convenience for assembly operation and parts distribution, and performs interference inspection to avoid collision with other large parts for final assembly during the turning process of the brake cylinder.

[0042] Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely promoted in the fields of locomotives and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 It is a top view of the device of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 3 It is a front view of the device of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the device of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 5 Schematic diagrams of the rotation posture of the base of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of a 90-degree rotation, (b) is a schematic diagram of a 180-degree rotation, (c) is a schematic diagram of a 270-degree rotation, and (d) is a schematic diagram of a 360-degree rotation.

[0049] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the base flipping posture of the present invention, wherein (a) is Figure 6 (a) Schematic diagram of flipping 90 degrees, (b) Figure 6 (b) Schematic diagram of flipping 90 degrees, (c) Figure 6 (c) Schematic diagram of flipping 90 degrees, (d) Figure 6 (d) Schematic diagram of flipping 90 degrees.

[0050] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first locking device of the present invention when it is ready to be unlocked.

[0052] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first locking device of the present invention when preparing to lock.

[0053] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of both sides of the final assembly tray of the present invention.

[0054] In the figure: 1. tray; 2. base; 3. spacer block; 4. long bolt; 5. rotating base; 6. limit plate; 7. support; 8. rotating shaft; 9. L-shaped plate; 10. rotating lever; 11. plunger; 12. sixth placement part; 13. fourth placement part; 14. tenth placement part; 15. fifth placement part; 16. ninth placement part; 17. eighth placement part; 18. seventh placement part; 19. third placement part; 20. first placement part; 21. second placement part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0058] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0060] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0061] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] In order to improve the existing situation, it is necessary to study new assembly devices and methods to achieve reliable positioning of the brake cylinder during the assembly process, facilitate operation while ensuring operational safety, improve assembly efficiency, and reduce the demand for personnel.

[0064] The main technical problems to be solved by the newly developed assembly tool of the present invention are:

[0065] 1) To achieve a fast, effective, labor-saving and safe unit brake assembly process;

[0066] 2) Develop an effective positioning solution while ensuring work efficiency;

[0067] 3) Reduce production costs during the work process.

[0068] The development of a unit brake flexible assembly device and operation method requires solving the following problems:

[0069] 1) Select reasonable assembly method and structural design to achieve a fast, effective, labor-saving and safe unit brake assembly process;

[0070] 2) The designed structural components are easy to manufacture and low in cost, thus reducing the manufacturing and maintenance costs;

[0071] 3) Simple structural design, convenient installation, easy operation, and improved assembly efficiency;

[0072] 4) The structure is stable, eliminating potential safety hazards during operation.

[0073] 5) The same tooling can be used for the assembly of unit brakes of different models.

[0074] Through in-depth research, the present invention has developed a new assembly method, that is, the present invention provides an operating method for a flexible assembly device for a unit brake. A brand-new tooling for the final assembly of the locomotive unit brake is designed, which can realize the horizontal and vertical flipping of the brake cylinder during the assembly process, and reliably position the brake cylinder on the tooling. Once positioned and installed on the tooling, the assembly operation on the five surfaces of the brake cylinder except the A surface can be completed, and the locomotive unit brake can be assembled into a finished product. A brand-new assembly process has been compiled in conjunction with the use of the new tooling, which effectively improves the assembly efficiency while ensuring the assembly quality. Figure 1 shown.

[0075] The present invention discloses a unit brake flexible assembly device, which is an assembly tray structure, and is divided into three parts. The middle part of the tray is a base, and two long bolts are used on the base to pass through the through hole of the brake cylinder to fix the brake cylinder, which serves as the basis for subsequent assembly; the two sides of the tray are used to place parts and components for assembly (note: the components have been pre-installed), which are convenient for easy access during assembly.

[0076] The middle base has the function of rotation and flipping, which enables the brake cylinder to rotate 360 ​​degrees horizontally and flip 90 degrees vertically during the assembly process; and is designed with a special locking device to ensure reliable positioning after flipping and to withstand the load applied during the assembly operation.

[0077] The parking cylinder, push cylinder support seat assembly, clearance adjuster assembly, brake shoe support assembly, suspension chain connecting rod assembly and other assembly parts and components are placed on both sides. The fixtures for fixing parts and components and the parts and components in contact are made of non-metallic soft materials to prevent possible surface damage of parts. The assembly tray is tested for interference through three-dimensional virtual assembly to avoid the possibility of collision with other large assembly parts during the brake cylinder flipping process, effectively reducing the subsequent repainting operations caused by part damage.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] The unit brake flexible assembly device of the present invention comprises: a tray 1 panel, a base 2, a rotating mechanism and a flipping mechanism are arranged in the middle of the tray 1, a brake cylinder is fixed on the base 2, the base 2 is mounted on the rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism is mounted on the flipping mechanism, the flipping mechanism is mounted on the tray 1, the rotating mechanism is used to realize the horizontal 360-degree rotation of the brake cylinder, and the flipping mechanism is used to realize the vertical 90-degree flipping of the brake cylinder;

[0080] The rotating mechanism is provided with a first locking device to ensure reliable positioning after rotation and to withstand the load applied during the assembly operation; the tray 1 is provided with a second locking device to ensure reliable positioning after flipping and to withstand the load applied during the assembly operation;

[0081] A plurality of placement portions are provided on both sides of the tray 1 for placing components for final assembly; and tooling for fixing components for final assembly is provided on the placement portions.

[0082] Preferably, at least two long bolts 4 are installed on the base 2 , a through hole is opened on the brake cylinder, the long bolts 4 are inserted and connected in the through hole, and the brake cylinder is fixed to the base 2 by the long bolts 4 .

[0083] Preferably, a cushion block 3 is provided on the base 2, the cushion block 3 is located below the long bolt 4, the bottom of the brake cylinder is placed on the cushion block 3, and the cushion block 3 is made of nylon.

[0084] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating base 5, a slewing support bearing and a rotating flange. The rotating base 5 is installed on the tray 1. The rotating flange is installed at the center of the rotating base 5 through the slewing support bearing. The base 2 adopts a caliper seat, and the caliper seat is installed on the rotating flange for fixing the unit brake cylinder. Different styles of gaskets 3 are replaced according to the assembly operations of different types of unit brakes. This part can rotate in the unlocked state.

[0085] Preferably, the flipping mechanism includes a support 7, a rotating shaft 8 and a limit plate 6. The support 7 is fixed on the tray 1. The rotating shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the support 7, and the rotating shaft 8 passes through the rotating base 5 for fixing. The rotating base 5 performs a flipping operation through the rotating shaft 8. A limit plate 6 is installed on one side of the rotating base 5 close to the rotating shaft 8. The limit plate 6 is horizontally arranged for limiting the position after flipping and limiting the flipping angle. The workpiece is flipped 90 degrees through the rotating shaft 8.

[0086] Preferably, the first locking device includes a bracket, a rotation locking pin, a rotating lever 10 and an L-shaped plate 9. The bracket is fixed on the base 2, the fulcrum of the rotating lever 10 is rotatably connected to the bracket, and the L-shaped plate 9 is connected to the bottom of one side of the rotating lever 10 for supporting one side of the rotating lever 10; the rotation locking pin is connected to the other side of the rotating lever 10 for inserting into a positioning hole connected to the base 2; when unlocking, one side of the rotating lever 10 is lifted, and the other side of the rotating lever 10 is lowered with the rotation locking pin, the rotation locking pin is disengaged from the matching hole of the base 2, and the base 2 can rotate freely; when the base 2 is rotated to the operator's operating direction with the brake, the rotating lever 10 is released, the rotating lever 10 is pressed down, and the rotation locking pin is inserted into the positioning hole of the base 2 to complete the rotation locking and realize the fixing of the brake posture and position.

[0087] Preferably, the second locking device includes a plunger seat and a rotating plunger 11, the plunger seat is fixed on the tray 1, and the rotating plunger 11 is connected to the plunger seat for being inserted and connected to the rotating base 5 during flip locking to fix the rotating base 5 and complete flip locking.

[0088] Preferably, the placement portion at least includes a first placement portion 20, a second placement portion 21, a third placement portion 19, a fourth placement portion 13, a fifth placement portion 15, a sixth placement portion 12, a seventh placement portion 18, an eighth placement portion 17, a ninth placement portion 16 and a tenth placement portion 14. The first placement portion 20 is a placement position for the long bolt 4 when not in use, and the first placement portion 20 is arranged at a position close to the left side of the base 2; the second placement portion 21 is a placement position for the cushion block 3 when not in use, and there are two types of cushion blocks 3, and the second placement portion 21 is arranged on the left side of the first placement portion 20; the third placement portion 19 is used to place the parking cylinder, and the third placement portion 19 is arranged on the right side of the base 2; the fourth placement portion 13 is used to place the push cylinder support seat, and the The fourth placement portion 13 is arranged on the rear side of the base 2; the fifth placement portion 15 is used to place the gap adjuster, and the fifth placement portion 15 is arranged on the right side of the base 2; the sixth placement portion 12 is used to place the brake shoe support, and the sixth placement portion 12 is arranged on the left side of the base 2; the seventh placement portion 18 is used to place the suspension link, and the seventh placement portion 18 is arranged on the right side of the base 2; the eighth placement portion 17 is used to place the long and short lateral supports, and the eighth placement portion 17 is arranged on the right side of the base 2; the ninth placement portion 16 is used to place the brake shoe support self-positioning bracket, and the ninth placement portion 16 is arranged on the right side of the base 2; the tenth placement portion 14 is used to place the brake shoe support reset spring and the suspension link shaft, and the eleventh placement portion 14 is arranged on the right side of the base 2.

[0089] Preferably, the first placement portion includes a first tool, and the first tool includes a bolt placement tool seat, which is fixed on the pallet according to the length of the bolt (M20×150mm);

[0090] The second placement part includes a second tooling, and the second tooling includes two pad tooling placement blocks. The pad tooling is fixed on the tray. When different types of unit brakes need to be assembled, the corresponding pads are removed and installed at corresponding positions of the caliper seat;

[0091] The third placement part includes a third tooling, and the third tooling includes a parking cylinder tooling, which is fixed on the pallet, and the parking cylinder tooling matches the size of the parking cylinder;

[0092] The fourth placement part includes a fourth tooling, and the fourth tooling includes a push cylinder support seat tooling, which is fixed on the tray, and the push cylinder support seat tooling matches the push cylinder support seat in size;

[0093] The fifth placement portion includes a fifth tooling, the fifth tooling includes a gap adjuster tooling, fixed on the pallet, and the gap adjuster tooling matches the size of the gap adjuster;

[0094] The sixth placement part includes a sixth tooling, and the sixth tooling includes a brake shoe support tooling, which is fixed on the tray, and the brake shoe support tooling matches the brake shoe support in size;

[0095] The seventh placement part includes a seventh tooling, and the seventh tooling includes a suspension link tooling, which is fixed on the pallet, and the suspension link tooling matches the size of the suspension link;

[0096] The eighth placement part includes an eighth tooling, and the eighth tooling includes a suspension link shaft tooling, which is fixed on the pallet, and the suspension link shaft tooling matches the size of the suspension link shaft;

[0097] The ninth placement part includes a ninth tool, and the ninth tool includes a long and short transverse support tool, which is fixed on the pallet, and the long and short transverse support tool matches the size of the long and short transverse supports;

[0098] The tenth placement part includes a tenth tool, and the tenth tool includes a brake shoe support self-positioning bracket tool, which is fixed on the pallet, and the brake shoe support self-positioning bracket tool matches the brake shoe support self-positioning bracket in size;

[0099] The eleventh placing part includes an eleventh tooling, and the eleventh tooling includes a brake shoe support reset spring tooling, which is fixed on the tray, and the brake shoe support reset spring tooling matches the brake shoe support reset spring in size.

[0100] Preferably, the contact points between each tooling and the parts for assembly are made of non-metallic soft materials.

[0101] Example 3

[0102] The present invention also provides an operating method of a unit brake flexible assembly device, comprising the following steps:

[0103] Step 1: Select matching pads for installation according to the model of the assembled unit brake; place the brake cylinder body on the base and fix it with long bolts, install the internal components of the brake cylinder, and remove the required parts from each placement tool for installation;

[0104] Step 2: When turning over, unlock the second locking device, remove the brake shoe support from the brake shoe support tooling, perform pre-installation, and return it to its original position after installation;

[0105] Step 3: Install the spring cylinder and corresponding components;

[0106] Step 4: Remove the clearance adjuster from the tooling and install it on the unit brake body;

[0107] Step 5: When installing a brake unit with parking function, remove the parking cylinder from the parking cylinder placement tooling for installation;

[0108] Step 6: Unlock the first locking device and repaint the parts of the brake shoe support and the spring cylinder cover where the paint is not in good condition;

[0109] Step 7: Remove the installed unit brake and conduct a performance test.

[0110] The key technical points of the present invention are: 1) the overall assembly of the unit brake is completed by means of an assembly pallet; 2) flexible assembly is adopted, which is suitable for the assembly of various types of unit brakes; 3) the base has rotation and flipping functions to meet all assembly angle requirements; 4) there is a special locking device to ensure reliable positioning after rotation and flipping, and can withstand the load applied during the assembly operation.

[0111] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A unit brake flexible assembly device, characterized in that: include: A tray (1), wherein a base (2), a rotating mechanism and a flipping mechanism are provided in the middle of the tray (1), the brake cylinder is fixed on the base (2), the base (2) is mounted on the rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism is mounted on the flipping mechanism, the flipping mechanism is mounted on the tray (1), the rotating mechanism is used to realize the brake cylinder to rotate 360 ​​degrees horizontally, and the flipping mechanism is used to realize the brake cylinder to flip 90 degrees vertically; The rotating mechanism is provided with a first locking device for ensuring reliable positioning after rotation and bearing the load applied during assembly operation; the tray (1) is provided with a second locking device for ensuring reliable positioning after flipping and bearing the load applied during assembly operation; A plurality of placement portions are provided on both sides of the tray (1) for placing components for final assembly; and tooling for fixing components for final assembly is provided on the placement portions.

2. The unit brake flexible assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two long bolts (4) are installed on the base (2), a through hole is opened on the brake cylinder, the long bolts (4) are inserted and connected in the through hole, and the brake cylinder is fixed on the base (2) by the long bolts (4).

3. The unit brake flexible assembly device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cushion block (3) is provided on the base (2), the cushion block (3) is located below the long bolt (4), the bottom of the brake cylinder is placed on the cushion block (3), and the cushion block (3) is made of nylon.

4. The unit brake flexible assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism comprises a rotating base (5), a slewing support bearing and a rotating flange. The rotating base (5) is mounted on a tray (1). A rotating flange is mounted at the center of the rotating base (5) via a slewing support bearing. The base (2) adopts a caliper seat, which is mounted on the rotating flange.

5. The unit brake flexible assembly device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flipping mechanism comprises a support (7), a rotating shaft (8) and a limiting plate (6); the support (7) is fixed on the tray (1); the rotating shaft (8) is rotatably connected to the support (7); the rotating shaft (8) passes through the rotating base (5) for fixing; the rotating base (5) performs a flipping operation through the rotating shaft (8); a limiting plate (6) is installed on one side of the rotating base (5) close to the rotating shaft (8); the limiting plate (6) is horizontally arranged and is used for limiting after flipping.

6. The unit brake flexible assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first locking device comprises a bracket, a rotation locking pin, a rotating lever (10) and an L-shaped plate (9); the bracket is fixed on the base (2); the fulcrum of the rotating lever (10) is rotatably connected to the bracket; the L-shaped plate (9) is connected below one side of the rotating lever (10) and is used to support one side of the rotating lever (10); the rotation locking pin is connected to the other side of the rotating lever (10) and is used to be inserted into a positioning hole connected to the base (2); When unlocking, one side of the rotating lever (10) is lifted, and the other side of the rotating lever (10) is lowered with the rotating locking pin, and the rotating locking pin is disengaged from the matching hole of the base (2), and the base (2) can rotate freely; when the base (2) rotates to the operator's operating direction with the brake, the rotating lever (10) is released, the rotating lever (10) is pressed down, and the rotating locking pin is inserted into the positioning hole of the base (2), completing the rotation locking, and achieving the fixing of the brake posture and position.

7. The unit brake flexible assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second locking device comprises a plunger seat and a rotating plunger (11); the plunger seat is fixed on the tray (1); the rotating plunger (11) is connected to the plunger seat and is used to be inserted and connected to the rotating base (5) during flip locking to fix the rotating base (5) and complete flip locking.

8. The unit brake flexible assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The placement part comprises a first placement part (20), a second placement part (21), a third placement part (19), a fourth placement part (13), a fifth placement part (15), a sixth placement part (12), a seventh placement part (18), an eighth placement part (17), a ninth placement part (16) and a tenth placement part (14), wherein the first placement part (20) is a placement part for the long bolt (4) when not in use, the second placement part (21) is a placement part for the cushion block (3) when not in use, the third placement part (19) is used to place a parking cylinder, the fourth placement part (13) is used to place a push cylinder support seat, the fifth placement part (15) is used to place a clearance adjuster, the sixth placement part (12) is used to place a brake shoe support, the seventh placement part (18) is used to place a suspension connecting rod, the eighth placement part (17) is used to place a long and short transverse support, the ninth placement part (16) is used to place a brake shoe support self-positioning bracket, and the tenth placement part (14) is used to place a brake shoe support reset spring and a suspension connecting rod rotating shaft.

9. The unit brake flexible assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact points between the tooling and the parts for final assembly are all made of non-metallic soft materials.

10. An operating method of a unit brake flexible assembly device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Select a matching pad (3) for installation according to the model of the assembled unit brake; place the brake cylinder body on the base (2) and fix it with long bolts (4), install the internal components of the brake cylinder, and remove the required parts from each placement tool for installation; Step 2: When turning over, unlock the second locking device, remove the brake shoe support from the brake shoe support tooling, perform pre-installation, and return it to its original position after installation; Step 3: Install the spring cylinder and corresponding components; Step 4: Remove the clearance adjuster from the tooling and install it on the unit brake body; Step 5: When installing a brake unit with parking function, remove the parking cylinder from the parking cylinder placement tooling for installation; Step 6: Unlock the first locking device and repaint the parts of the brake shoe support and the spring cylinder cover where the paint is not in good condition; Step 7: Remove the installed unit brake and conduct a performance test.

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