Inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent

Abstract

The invention relates to an inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent which can effectively solve the problems that a lithium battery fire extinguishing agent is complex in equipment, high in overall cost and inconvenient to popularize and use. The inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent is composed of inert gas with the pressure being 0.2-0.3 Mpa and the flow being 36-40 L / min and perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion with the flow being 6-8 L / h, and the perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion is composed of, by mass, 20-50 parts of perfluorohexanone, 50-180 parts of deionized water and 5-35 parts of fluorocarbon surfactant. The fire extinguishing agent disclosed by the invention can be used for quickly extinguishing and cooling a lithium battery fire disaster, reducing the smoke toxicity of the lithium battery fire disaster, reducing the reburning probability of the battery and inhibiting the spreading of thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery, has the advantages of cleanness, high efficiency, economy and convenience in storage and use, and is an innovation of a lithium battery fire extinguishing agent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery fire extinguishing, in particular to an inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in new energy vehicles and energy storage fields due to their high energy density, no memory effect, safety and long life. However, lithium-ion batteries are prone to thermal runaway under extreme conditions such as high temperature and puncture, causing severe fires. At present, although my country has adopted a variety of methods to reduce and warn of thermal runaway of lithium batteries, lithium batteries still face the possibility of fire and explosion. At the same time, due to their complex physical and chemical structure, existing fire extinguishing agents cannot effectively control and solve lithium battery fires in a short period of time. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop more fire extinguishing agents for lithium battery fires. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a clean and efficient fire extinguishing agent for lithium-ion batteries.

[0003] Existing research shows that suppressing lithium battery fires through the synergistic effect of multiple fire extinguishing agents has a better inhibitory effect. For example, perfluorohexanone and fine water mist can be used to synergistically suppress lithium battery fires. However, the synergistic effect of multiple equipment will make the equipment extremely complex and expensive, which is not conducive to its promotion and use.

[0004] Invention CN 115192952 A proposes a perfluorohexanone emulsion fire extinguishing agent for lithium batteries and a preparation method thereof. Since the fire extinguishing agent is an oil-in-water microemulsion, the surfactant additives such as sodium perfluorooctanoate and perfluorobutanol used in the configuration have a high price, which limits its promotion and application. Invention CN 110368631 A proposes a lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof. The proportion of surfactant in its composition is too high, reaching 30%, which makes the overall cost of the fire extinguishing agent expensive and inconvenient to promote and use. Therefore, it is imperative to invent an inert gas-perfluorohexanone water-in-oil microemulsion fire extinguishing agent. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to solve the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an inert gas-perfluorohexanone water-in-oil microemulsion fire extinguishing agent, which can effectively solve the problems of complex equipment, high overall cost and inconvenient promotion and use of lithium battery fire extinguishing agents.

[0006] The technical solution solved by the present invention is that the inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent is composed of an inert gas with a pressure of 0.2-0.3Mpa and a flow rate of 36-40L / min and a perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion with a flow rate of 6-8L / h, and the perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 20-50 parts of perfluorohexanone, 50-180 parts of deionized water, 5-35 parts of fluorocarbon surfactant, and 15-35 parts of alcohol-based co-surfactant, wherein the perfluorohexanone and the fluorocarbon surfactant are mixed and stirred evenly and introduced into a flask, a constant temperature magnetic stirrer is started, the alcohol-based co-surfactant is mixed with deionized water and dripped into the flask, and the mixture is stirred and mixed evenly at 25°C-35°C and a rotation speed of 500-1800rpm to obtain the fire extinguishing agent.

[0007] The inert gas is carbon dioxide or nitrogen.

[0008] The fluorocarbon surfactant is one or more of sodium perfluorononenyloxybenzenesulfonate, perfluoropolyether-based surfactant, Forafac1157, sodium perfluorohexyl acetate, and perfluorobutylsulfonyl fluoride.

[0009] The alcohol-based cosurfactant is one or more of ethanol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, butanol and tetrafluoropropanol.

[0010] The present invention uses inert gas as a driving gas and adopts specific amounts of perfluorohexanone, fluorocarbon surfactant, alcohol-based co-surfactant and deionized water, so that the prepared perfluorohexanone oil-in-water emulsion fire extinguishing agent can achieve rapid fire extinguishing and cooling of lithium battery fires, reduce the toxicity of smoke from lithium battery fires, reduce the probability of battery re-ignition, and inhibit the spread of thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries. It has the advantages of being clean, efficient, economical, easy to store and use, and is an innovation in lithium battery fire extinguishing agents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of the jet flame temperature of lithium battery thermal runaway under the action of different fire extinguishing agents.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of CO concentration in smoke from thermal runaway fires of lithium batteries under the action of different fire extinguishing agents. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. Example 1

[0014] In the specific implementation of the present invention, the inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent is composed of carbon dioxide with a pressure of 0.2Mpa and a flow rate of 36L / min and perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion with a flow rate of 6L / h, and the perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 20 parts of perfluorohexanone, 50 parts of deionized water, 5 parts of sodium perfluorononenyloxybenzenesulfonate, and 15 parts of ethanol, wherein the perfluorohexanone and the sodium perfluorononenyloxybenzenesulfonate are mixed and stirred uniformly and introduced into a flask, a constant temperature magnetic stirrer is started, ethanol and deionized water are mixed and dripped into the flask, and the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly at 30°C and a rotation speed of 1800rpm to obtain the fire extinguishing agent. Example 2

[0015] In the specific implementation of the present invention, the inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent is composed of nitrogen with a pressure of 0.25Mpa and a flow rate of 38L / min and a perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion with a flow rate of 7L / h, and the perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 35 parts of perfluorohexanone, 115 parts of deionized water, 20 parts of sodium perfluorohexyl acetate, and 25 parts of polyethylene glycol, wherein the perfluorohexanone and the sodium perfluorohexyl acetate are mixed and stirred uniformly and introduced into a flask, a constant temperature magnetic stirrer is started, the polyethylene glycol is mixed with the deionized water and dripped into the flask, and the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly at 27°C and a rotation speed of 1500rpm to obtain the fire extinguishing agent. Example 3

[0016] In the specific implementation of the present invention, the inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent is composed of nitrogen with a pressure of 0.3Mpa and a flow rate of 40L / min and a perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion with a flow rate of 8L / h, and the perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 50 parts of perfluorohexanone, 180 parts of deionized water, 35 parts of perfluorobutyl sulfonyl fluoride, and 35 parts of propylene glycol, wherein the perfluorohexanone and the perfluorobutyl sulfonyl fluoride are mixed and stirred uniformly and introduced into a flask, a constant temperature magnetic stirrer is started, propylene glycol is mixed with deionized water and dripped into the flask, and the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly at 35°C and a rotation speed of 1600rpm to obtain the fire extinguishing agent. Example 4

[0017] In the specific implementation of the present invention, the inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent is composed of an inert gas with a pressure of 0.2-0.3Mpa and a flow rate of 36-40L / min and a perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion with a flow rate of 6-8L / h, and the perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 25-45 parts of perfluorohexanone, 60-150 parts of deionized water, 7-20 parts of fluorocarbon surfactant, and 20-30 parts of alcohol-based co-surfactant, wherein the perfluorohexanone and the fluorocarbon surfactant are mixed and stirred evenly and introduced into a flask, a constant temperature magnetic stirrer is started, the alcohol-based co-surfactant is mixed with deionized water and dripped into the flask, and the mixture is stirred and mixed evenly at 25°C-35°C and a rotation speed of 800-1600rpm to obtain the fire extinguishing agent.

[0018] The fire extinguishing agent formulation and dosage of the present invention can make the fluorocarbon surfactant and the alcohol-based co-surfactant play a better synergistic role, further enhance the cooling and re-ignition prevention performance of the fire extinguishing agent, and through the above-mentioned preparation method, perfluorohexanone can be present in the form of tiny droplets in deionized water to form a transparent and colorless perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent. Furthermore, under the above-mentioned super-stirring conditions, the stability and uniformity of the microemulsion can be significantly improved, so that the microemulsion can be stored for a longer time. The relevant test data are as follows: A 18650 lithium battery with a SOC of 100% was placed in a heating coil. The temperature of the heating coil was controlled to induce thermal runaway behavior in the lithium battery. The temperature of the heating coil was 350°C, the power was 500W, and the dual-fluid nozzle was located 0.8m above the lithium battery.

[0019] After turning on the heating coil to induce the explosion of the 18650 lithium battery, the dual-fluid fire extinguishing system was turned on and the dual-fluid fire extinguishing system was turned off after spraying for 30 seconds. The flame temperature and CO concentration experimental records are as follows: Figure 1 , 2As shown, after repeated practice, other embodiments have achieved the same or similar technical effects, proving that the inert gas-perfluorohexanone water-in-oil microemulsion fire extinguishing agent of the present invention has excellent performance in suppressing the flame temperature of lithium batteries and reducing the CO concentration of flue gas. The dual-fluid system has low injection pressure, a simple system, and flexible use. The inert gas plays a role in quickly diluting the pyrolysis combustible gas of lithium batteries and reducing the risk of explosion. Among the components of the perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion, perfluorohexanone can absorb a large amount of heat and effectively inhibit the chain reaction in lithium battery fires, thereby effectively inhibiting lithium-ion battery fires; deionized water can absorb a large amount of heat and reduce the temperature of lithium batteries; the fluorocarbon surfactant component can not only significantly reduce the surface tension, so that perfluorohexanone-deionized water forms a relatively stable system, but also can form extremely dense foam with deionized water after spraying, thereby absorbing the toxic smoke of lithium battery fires and preventing the spread of lithium-ion battery fires; the alcohol-based co-surfactant can effectively improve the stability and uniformity of the perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion, thereby realizing the long-term storage of the perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent.

[0020] The present invention sprays the perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion to the fire scene in an atomized manner under the drive of the inert gas carbon dioxide or nitrogen. Compared with conventional fire extinguishing agents, the inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion will exert the physical and chemical synergistic fire extinguishing effects of gas phase inerting, evaporation heat absorption, covering, and gas phase annihilation chain reaction. After the perfluorohexanone and alcohol auxiliary agents in the water-in-water microemulsion evaporate, water can form an extremely dense foam to wrap the lithium battery under the action of a surfactant, which plays a role in continuously cooling the battery body. On the one hand, the fire extinguishing and cooling effects are significantly improved, and on the other hand, the toxic components in the smoke are absorbed, the living environment of the fire scene personnel is improved, and the casualties and losses caused by the thermal runaway fire accident of the lithium battery are reduced.

[0021] The invention selects environmentally friendly chemical reagents that do not contain PFOA and PFOS, optimizes the proportion of each component, improves the configuration method of the microemulsion, realizes the fusion of perfluorohexanone and deionized water, adopts a dual-fluid nozzle to atomize and spray the water-in-oil microemulsion to the fire scene, and the driving gas is a pressure storage type physical fire extinguishing type inert gas such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen, so that the fire extinguishing agent can realize rapid fire extinguishing and cooling of lithium ion battery fires, reduce the toxicity of smoke in the fire scene, improve the living environment of fire scene personnel, reduce casualties and losses caused by thermal runaway fire accidents of lithium batteries, has the advantages of being clean, efficient, economical, and easy to store and use, has good application prospects in the field of lithium battery fire extinguishing, is an innovation in lithium battery fire extinguishing agents, and has good economic and social benefits.

[0022] It should be pointed out that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any technician familiar with the profession can make changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that: The invention comprises an inert gas with a pressure of 0.2-0.3Mpa and a flow rate of 36-40L / min and a perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion with a flow rate of 6-8L / h. The perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-50 parts of perfluorohexanone, 50-180 parts of deionized water, 5-35 parts of a fluorocarbon surfactant, and 15-35 parts of an alcohol-based auxiliary surfactant. The perfluorohexanone and the fluorocarbon surfactant are mixed and stirred evenly and introduced into a flask. A constant temperature magnetic stirrer is started. The alcohol-based auxiliary surfactant is mixed with deionized water and dripped into the flask. The mixture is stirred and mixed evenly at 25°C-35°C and a rotation speed of 500-1800rpm to obtain the product.

2. The inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inert gas is carbon dioxide or nitrogen.

3. The inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluorocarbon surfactant is one or more of sodium perfluorononenyloxybenzenesulfonate, perfluoropolyether-based surfactant, Forafac1157, sodium perfluorohexyl acetate, and perfluorobutylsulfonyl fluoride.

4. The inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alcohol-based cosurfactant is one or more of ethanol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, butanol and tetrafluoropropanol.

5. The inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises an inert gas with a pressure of 0.2-0.3Mpa and a flow rate of 36-40L / min and a perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion with a flow rate of 6-8L / h. The perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-45 parts of perfluorohexanone, 60-150 parts of deionized water, 7-20 parts of fluorocarbon surfactant, and 20-30 parts of alcohol-based auxiliary surfactant. The perfluorohexanone and the fluorocarbon surfactant are mixed and stirred evenly and introduced into a flask. A constant temperature magnetic stirrer is started. The alcohol-based auxiliary surfactant is mixed with deionized water and dripped into the flask. The mixture is stirred and mixed evenly at 25-35°C and a rotation speed of 800-1600rpm to obtain the product.

6. The inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention is composed of carbon dioxide with a pressure of 0.2Mpa and a flow rate of 36L / min and a perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion with a flow rate of 6L / h, wherein the perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 20 parts of perfluorohexanone, 50 parts of deionized water, 5 parts of sodium perfluorononenyloxybenzenesulfonate, and 15 parts of ethanol, wherein the perfluorohexanone and the sodium perfluorononenyloxybenzenesulfonate are mixed and stirred evenly and introduced into a flask, a constant temperature magnetic stirrer is started, ethanol and deionized water are mixed and dripped into the flask, and the mixture is stirred and mixed evenly at 30°C and a rotation speed of 1800rpm to obtain the product.

7. The inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention is composed of nitrogen gas with a pressure of 0.25 MPa and a flow rate of 38 L / min and a perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion with a flow rate of 7 L / h. The perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of perfluorohexanone, 115 parts of deionized water, 20 parts of sodium perfluorohexyl acetate, and 25 parts of polyethylene glycol. The perfluorohexanone and sodium perfluorohexyl acetate are mixed and stirred evenly and introduced into a flask. A constant temperature magnetic stirrer is started. The polyethylene glycol is mixed with deionized water and dripped into the flask. The mixture is stirred and mixed evenly at 27° C. and a rotation speed of 1500 rpm to obtain the product.

8. The inert gas-perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention is composed of nitrogen gas with a pressure of 0.3Mpa and a flow rate of 40L / min and a perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion with a flow rate of 8L / h, wherein the perfluorohexanone oil-in-water microemulsion is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 50 parts of perfluorohexanone, 180 parts of deionized water, 35 parts of perfluorobutylsulfonyl fluoride, and 35 parts of propylene glycol, wherein the perfluorohexanone and the perfluorobutylsulfonyl fluoride are mixed and stirred evenly and introduced into a flask, a constant temperature magnetic stirrer is started, propylene glycol is mixed with deionized water and dripped into the flask, and the mixture is stirred and mixed evenly at 35°C and a rotation speed of 1600rpm to obtain the product.

Images