Enteral nutrition powder and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses enteral nutrition powder and a preparation method thereof. The enteral nutrition powder is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 10 to 20 parts of protein, 10 to 20 parts of fat, 40 to 60 parts of carbohydrate, 0.02 to 0.15 part of vitamin, 1 to 2.5 parts of mineral substance, 0.5 to 1 part of hericium erinaceus polysaccharide, 1 to 3 parts of flammulina velutipes polysaccharide and 0.1 to 0.5 part of carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel. The formula is reasonable, the nutrition is comprehensive, high-quality proteins, fat, carbohydrates, dietary fibers, vitamins, minerals and other substances can be fully supplemented for a user, meanwhile, the feed is easily absorbed by a human body, the intestinal function can be improved, and the immunity can be improved. Meanwhile, in order to improve the problems that various components in the formula are relatively poor in stability and easy to become turbid and precipitate, carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel is also added to improve the stability of the nutritional powder after being brewed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of enteral nutrition powders, and in particular to an enteral nutrition powder and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] For some critically ill and postoperative patients, they are unable to chew food due to extreme weakness, and their digestive system function is limited, so they need to rely on liquid food to supplement nutrition and restore physical strength. With the development of medical level and the improvement of living standards, the application scenarios of enteral nutrition agents are becoming more and more abundant. Enteral nutrition agents are a general term for various products used in clinical enteral nutrition support. Their nutritional components mainly include balanced proteins, amino acids, sugars, fats, vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, etc. The raw materials are mainly derived from animal and plant extracts, which can be injected into the patient's gastrointestinal tract orally or by tube feeding with or without chemical digestion, thereby providing the nutrients needed by patients.

[0003] Enteral nutrition agents can be divided into powders, emulsions and refrigerants according to the form of the product. Among them, enteral nutrition powders have received widespread attention due to their low cost, long shelf life, and convenient storage and transportation. At the same time, in order to adapt to different audiences, some technologies have improved the formula. For example, CN105054025A discloses a low-fat, low-osmotic, low-residue enteral nutrition powder for patients with inflammatory bowel disease, containing the following ingredients: protein, fat, carbohydrates, complex vitamins, minerals, epigallocatechin gallate, and gluten-free. The protein is provided by whey protein powder and L-glutamine; fat is provided in the form of long-chain fatty acids and medium-chain fatty acids, ω-6 / medium-chain fatty acids / ω-3 / ω-9=40% / 40% / 10% / 10%; carbohydrates are maltodextrin. This nutritional powder is easy to prepare and store, convenient for controlling dosage and osmotic pressure, and improves the quality of life of patients. CN113303467A discloses an enteral nutrition powder suitable for children aged 1 to 10 with abnormal lipid metabolism and a preparation method thereof. The nutrition powder contains the following ingredients by weight: 10 to 25 parts of protein, 15.5 parts of fat, 54 to 69 parts of carbohydrates, 0.05 to 0.15 parts of vitamins, 0.5 to 2.5 parts of minerals, 0.01 to 0.03 parts of L-carnitine tartrate, 0.01 to 0.03 parts of taurine, and 2.0 to 4.0 parts of water. This nutrition powder contains six nutrients required by the human body, does not contain dietary fiber, does not contain lactose, and is conducive to improving intestinal tolerance.

[0004] Enteral nutrition powders also contain substances such as cellulose, protein, sugar, and fat. They have poor stability after brewing and are prone to turbidity and precipitation, which affects the use of enteral nutrition powders. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an enteral nutrition powder, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:

[0006] 10-20 parts of protein, 10-20 parts of fat, 40-60 parts of carbohydrates, 0.02-0.15 parts of vitamins, 1-2.5 parts of minerals, 0.5-1 parts of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides, 1-3 parts of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides, and 0.1-0.5 parts of carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel.

[0007] Furthermore, the protein is whey protein.

[0008] Furthermore, the fat includes at least one of ω-3, ω-6, ω-7, and ω-9.

[0009] Furthermore, the carbohydrate includes at least one of maltodextrin and oat bran powder.

[0010] Furthermore, the vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K 1 , Vitamin B 1 , Vitamin B 2 , niacin (niacinamide), vitamin B 6 , Vitamin B 12 , pantothenic acid, biotin, folic acid, and vitamin C.

[0011] Furthermore, the minerals include at least one of potassium, calcium, zinc, iron, magnesium, copper, manganese, phosphorus, iodine, selenium, chromium, molybdenum and fluorine.

[0012] Whey protein is a protein extracted from milk. It has the characteristics of high nutritional value, easy digestion and absorption, and contains a variety of active ingredients. It is recognized as one of the high-quality protein supplements for the human body.

[0013] Omega-3, Omega-6, Omega-7, and Omega-9 are all unsaturated fatty acids. They are necessary nutrients for the human body to synthesize various hormones and endogenous substances, and are mainly obtained through the intake of external food.

[0014] Maltodextrin is a low-conversion product between starch and starch sugar. It is a white or slightly yellowish amorphous powder with no visible impurities, a special smell, and a taste that is not sweet or slightly sweet. It can provide energy for the body and has the characteristics of good solubility and easy digestion and absorption.

[0015] Oat bran powder is rich in water-soluble dietary fiber - β-glucan, which also has the effects of lowering blood sugar, lowering blood lipids, increasing satiety, changing beneficial intestinal flora, enhancing intestinal function, and facilitating waste excretion.

[0016] Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides can play a variety of health-promoting roles by affecting the composition and metabolism of the host's intestinal flora. Its probiotic effects involve regulating immunity, fighting inflammatory bowel disease, affecting the nervous system, fighting obesity, lowering cholesterol, fighting Helicobacter pylori, etc. Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides play a role by promoting the proliferation of intestinal probiotics, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, increasing the production of short-chain fatty acids, enhancing intestinal immunity, and activating specific signaling pathways.

[0017] Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides can regulate the structure and metabolic changes of intestinal flora, increase the production of neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, dopamine, norepinephrine, 5-hydroxytryptamine in the hippocampus, enhance the activity of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase, and catalase, and improve the overall antioxidant capacity; inhibit the increase of inflammatory factors in serum.

[0018] The formula of the present invention is reasonable, and the nutrition is comprehensive. It can fully supplement the user with high-quality protein, fat, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals and other substances, and is easily absorbed by the human body, and can improve intestinal function and enhance immunity. At the same time, in order to improve the poor stability of multiple ingredients in the formula, and the problem of turbidity and precipitation, carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel is also added. There are a large number of groups in the carboxymethyl chitosan molecules in the hydrogel, which can interact with other components through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces to improve clarity; sodium alginate has hydrophilicity, high viscosity and linear structure, and can modify carboxymethyl chitosan.

[0019] Silk fibroin is a natural high molecular weight fiber protein extracted from silk, accounting for about 70% to 80% of silk, and contains 18 kinds of amino acids, of which glycine, alanine and serine account for more than 80% of the total composition, and has good biocompatibility, and can be prepared into materials in various forms such as film, gel, microcapsule, etc. In the present invention, a small amount of silk fibroin is added during the preparation process, and the silk fibroin can generate electrostatic interaction with carboxymethyl chitosan, thereby improving the strength of the carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel, thereby improving the stability of the gel for the brewed nutritional powder.

[0020] Furthermore, the preparation method of the carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel comprises:

[0021] A carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution and a sodium alginate aqueous solution are mixed, and then silk fibroin is added to form a solution, and then the pH of the solution is adjusted to perform a cross-linking reaction; insoluble matter is collected and freeze-dried to obtain a carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel.

[0022] Furthermore, the mass concentration of the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution is 1% to 3%;

[0023] The mass concentration of the sodium alginate aqueous solution is 0.5% to 2%;

[0024] The mass ratio of the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution to the sodium alginate aqueous solution is 2 to 5:1;

[0025] The mass of the silk fibroin is 0.05 to 0.2 times that of carboxymethyl chitosan.

[0026] The present invention has also verified through a large number of experiments that adding zinc salt in the preparation of hydrogel can strengthen the interaction between silk fibroin, carboxymethyl chitosan and sodium alginate, form a more stable structure, and significantly prolong the sedimentation time of the brewed nutrient powder.

[0027] Furthermore, after adding the silk fibroin, a zinc salt is added in an amount of 0.2 to 0.5 times the mass of the silk fibroin;

[0028] The pH was adjusted to 2.0-3.0 using citric acid.

[0029] Preferably, the zinc salt is at least one of zinc citrate dihydrate, zinc gluconate trihydrate, and zinc acetate dihydrate.

[0030] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned enteral nutrition powder, comprising:

[0031] According to the raw material components, the raw materials except carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel are mixed to obtain a mixture, and water 3 to 5 times the mass of the mixture is added and stirred to obtain a first slurry;

[0032] The first slurry is homogenized and sieved to obtain a second slurry;

[0033] The second slurry is sterilized and then spray-dried to obtain powder, and then carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel is added to obtain enteral nutrition powder.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The formula of the invention is reasonable and nutritionally comprehensive, and can fully supplement high-quality protein, fat, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals and other substances for users, and is easily absorbed by the human body, and can improve intestinal function and enhance immunity. At the same time, in order to improve the poor stability of multiple ingredients in the formula, and the problem of turbidity and precipitation, carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel is added to improve the stability of the nutritional powder after brewing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in the present invention are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of each range, the endpoint values ​​of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more numerical ranges, which should be regarded as specifically disclosed in the present invention.

[0037] Introduction of some raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention:

[0038] Whey protein, maltodextrin, oat bran powder, Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide, Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide, carboxymethyl chitosan, sodium alginate, silk fibroin and other raw materials not mentioned are all common raw materials, and the grade is food grade or above. These contents are only to help illustrate the present invention and shall not be construed as strict limitations of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can directly purchase or prepare the same / similar raw materials from the market. These contents will not be repeated in the examples.

[0039] The following will be combined with the specific embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] A method for preparing enteral nutrition powder, comprising the following steps:

[0042] S1. Prepare ingredients according to the raw materials in Table 1.

[0043] Table 1

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] S2, mixing the raw materials except carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel to obtain a mixture, adding water 5 times the mass of the mixture, heating to 60° C. and stirring at 1000 rpm for 5 min, then switching to a rotation speed of 150 rpm and stirring to obtain a first slurry;

[0047] S3, transferring the first slurry into a high-pressure homogenizer, homogenizing twice at a pressure of 18 MPa and a temperature of 50°C, and then passing through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain a second slurry;

[0048] S4. The second slurry is kept at 90° C. for 30 seconds for sterilization, and then spray-dried to obtain a powder, and then carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel is added to obtain an enteral nutrition powder.

[0049] In this embodiment, the preparation method of carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel is as follows:

[0050] At a rotation speed of 300 rpm, a 2% carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution and a 1% sodium alginate aqueous solution were mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1, and then 0.1 times the mass of carboxymethyl chitosan silk fibroin was added and stirred for 10 minutes to form a solution; then citric acid was used to adjust the pH of the solution to 2.5 for cross-linking reaction, and the insoluble matter was collected and freeze-dried at -45°C for 36 hours, and then ground through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation method of carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel is:

[0053] At a rotation speed of 300 rpm, a 2% carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution and a 1% sodium alginate aqueous solution were mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1, and then 0.1 times the mass of carboxymethyl chitosan silk fibroin and 0.3 times the mass of silk fibroin zinc gluconate trihydrate were added, and stirring was continued for 10 minutes to form a solution; then citric acid was used to adjust the pH of the solution to 2.5 for cross-linking reaction, and the insoluble matter was collected and freeze-dried at -45°C for 36 hours, and then ground through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel.

[0054] Comparative Example 1

[0055] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation method of carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel is:

[0056] At a rotation speed of 300 rpm, a 2% carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution and a 1% sodium alginate aqueous solution were mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1, and stirring was continued for 10 minutes to form a solution; then, the pH of the solution was adjusted to 2.5 using citric acid for a cross-linking reaction, and the insoluble matter was collected and freeze-dried at -45°C for 36 hours, and then ground through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel.

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that the raw material does not contain carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel.

[0059] Test Case

[0060] A clinical trial was conducted, and the detailed steps are as follows:

[0061] Critically ill patients in the intensive care unit of a certain hospital were selected, with an age range of 30 to 50 years old, APACHEⅡ scores of 15 to 25 points, and 100 people. All of them had no obvious intestinal digestion and absorption dysfunction, but they could not eat orally due to mechanical ventilation or impaired consciousness. They were divided into five groups, and there was no significant difference in age, gender, admission diagnosis, and APACHEII score at admission in each group of patients. One group was used as the control group, and the other four groups were fed with 100g of enteral nutrition powder of the embodiment of the present invention and the comparative example, respectively brewed with 400mL of water to obtain the suspension. Use a nasojejunal tube nasogastric feeding nutrient with a guide wire, 400mL each time, with an interval of 3h, 4 times a day, and there was no difference in the patient's body position angle during feeding.

[0062] After 7 days of feeding, blood was drawn from each group of patients for testing of blood biochemical indicators. The average concentrations of albumin and transferrin are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Table 2 Blood biochemical index test results

[0064]

[0065] From the test results of Table 1, it can be seen that the concentrations of albumin and transferrin in the serum of patients in the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples are more significantly increased than those of the currently used Baipuli in the market, which shows that the formula of the present invention is reasonable, the nutrition is comprehensive, and it can fully supplement the user with high-quality protein, fat, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals and other substances, and it is easily absorbed by the human body, and can improve the concentration of serum protein in the patient's body. At the same time, the serum protein in the embodiments of the present invention is increased faster, which shows that the addition of silk fibroin and zinc in the preparation process of carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel can further promote the absorption of enteral nutrition powder.

[0066] Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the main component of antibacterial, antitoxin and antiviral antibodies. The IgG concentration after 7 days of feeding was also tested as an immunity indicator. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0067] Table 3 Immunity index results

[0068]

[0069] It can also be seen from the test results in Table 3 that the use of the enteral nutrition powder of the embodiment of the present invention significantly improves the recovery speed of the patient's immune function.

[0070] 100 g of the enteral nutrition powder of the embodiment of the present invention and the comparative example were respectively brewed with 400 mL of water to obtain a suspension, and then 40 mL was placed in a 50 mL scaled stoppered test tube, and the time required for the clear-turbid interface to drop from 40 mL to 20 mL was recorded, wherein the longer the sedimentation time, the more stable the suspension is and the less likely it is to settle. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0071] Table 4 Settling time results

[0072] Settling time (min) Example 1 23.5 Example 2 26.3 Comparative Example 1 20.1 Comparative Example 2 15.6

[0073] From the results in Table 4, it can be seen that the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel can significantly prolong the sedimentation time. This is because there are a large number of groups in the carboxymethyl chitosan molecules in the hydrogel, which can interact with other components through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces to improve clarity; sodium alginate has hydrophilicity, high viscosity and linear structure, which can modify carboxymethyl chitosan. At the same time, silk fibroin can produce electrostatic interactions with carboxymethyl chitosan, thereby improving the strength of carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel, thereby improving the stability of the gel for brewing nutritional powders; in addition, the addition of zinc salt can further promote the interaction between silk fibroin, carboxymethyl chitosan and sodium alginate, thereby significantly prolonging the sedimentation time.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An enteral nutrition powder, characterized in that: The following raw materials are included in parts by mass: 10-20 parts of protein, 10-20 parts of fat, 40-60 parts of carbohydrates, 0.02-0.15 parts of vitamins, 1-2.5 parts of minerals, 0.5-1 parts of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides, 1-3 parts of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides, and 0.1-0.5 parts of carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel.

2. The enteral nutrition powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel comprises: A carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution and a sodium alginate aqueous solution are mixed and then silk fibroin is added to form a solution, and then the pH of the solution is adjusted to perform a cross-linking reaction; The insoluble matter was collected and freeze-dried to obtain carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel.

3. The enteral nutrition powder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass concentration of the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution is 1% to 3%; The mass concentration of the sodium alginate aqueous solution is 0.5% to 2%; The mass ratio of the carboxymethyl chitosan aqueous solution to the sodium alginate aqueous solution is 2 to 5:1; The mass of the silk fibroin is 0.05 to 0.2 times that of carboxymethyl chitosan.

4. The enteral nutrition powder according to claim 2, characterized in that: After adding the silk fibroin, a zinc salt is added in an amount of 0.2 to 0.5 times the mass of the silk fibroin; The pH was adjusted to 2.0-3.0 using citric acid.

5. The enteral nutrition powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protein is whey protein.

6. The enteral nutrition powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fat includes at least one of omega-3, omega-6, omega-7, and omega-9.

7. The enteral nutrition powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbohydrates include at least one of maltodextrin and oat bran powder.

8. The enteral nutrition powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K1, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin B6, vitamin B 12 , pantothenic acid, biotin, folic acid, and vitamin C.

9. The enteral nutrition powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minerals include at least one of potassium, calcium, zinc, iron, magnesium, copper, manganese, phosphorus, iodine, selenium, chromium, molybdenum and fluorine.

10. A method for preparing the enteral nutrition powder according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: According to the raw material components, the raw materials except carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel are mixed to obtain a mixture, and water 3 to 5 times the mass of the mixture is added and stirred to obtain a first slurry; The first slurry is homogenized and sieved to obtain a second slurry; The second slurry is sterilized and then spray-dried to obtain powder, and then carboxymethyl chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel is added to obtain enteral nutrition powder.

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