Aviation kerosene production method based on vinasse waste
Through the aviation kerosene production method based on wine lees waste, the problems of traditional aviation kerosene production dependence on petroleum resources and high carbon emissions are solved, and the effects of energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411506872.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-07
AI Technical Summary
Traditional aviation kerosene production relies on petroleum resources, resulting in high energy consumption and large carbon emissions, and causing pollution to the environment.
The aeronautical kerosene production method based on the waste lees is adopted, and the aeronautical kerosene is converted into aeronautical kerosene through pretreatment, pyrolysis, gas purification, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, product separation, product refining and waste treatment.
Reliance on traditional fossil fuels has been reduced, energy saving, carbon emissions have been reduced, air quality has been improved, and the effective utilization of lees waste has been achieved.
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Figure CN119391438A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of kerosene production, and in particular relates to a method for producing aviation kerosene based on distiller's grains waste. Background Art
[0002] With the continuous development of the global economy, the importance of air transportation in the travel of people and the transportation of goods has become increasingly prominent. The continuous growth of air transportation volume has led to an increasing demand for aviation kerosene. The number of flights taking off and landing at large international airports has increased year by year, which requires a large amount of aviation kerosene to meet the operating needs of aircraft. Crude oil is the main source of aviation kerosene, which has a complex composition and contains various hydrocarbon compounds. By processing crude oil such as distillation, different fractions of oil products can be separated. Aviation kerosene is mainly refined from the kerosene fraction of crude oil distillation. Its fraction range and properties need to meet specific requirements to ensure safe and efficient combustion in aircraft engines. However, traditional aviation fuel production requires a large amount of petroleum resources, and a large amount of carbon dioxide is produced during the reproduction process, which will pollute the environment. Summary of the invention
[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing aviation kerosene based on distiller's grains waste, which can reduce the dependence of existing aviation kerosene production on traditional fossil fuels, save energy, and reduce carbon emissions, thus contributing to sustainable development.
[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention discloses a method for producing aviation kerosene based on distiller's grains waste, comprising the following steps: Pretreatment: Screen and clean the lees to remove impurities and moisture, then crush the cleaned lees into particles, and then use drying equipment to dry and bake them; Pyrolysis: The pretreated lees are sent to a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, so that they are decomposed into gas and solid carbon black. The decomposed gases include carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Gas purification: purify the separated gas to remove sulfides and nitrides; Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction: The purified gas is passed into a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor, where carbon monoxide and hydrogen undergo a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction to form hydrocarbon molecules by contacting the metal catalyst in the reactor. Product separation: After the reaction is completed, hydrocarbons in different boiling point ranges are separated; the high-temperature molten salt generated by the heat exchange of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor is heat recovered; the remaining high-temperature molten salt is recycled through the steam generator to recover the heat generated by the reaction, and the molten salt after heat exchange enters the low-temperature molten salt tank for storage and recycling; Product refining: further processing of separated hydrocarbon products to improve product quality and stability; Waste treatment: Recycle the solid carbon black produced during the pyrolysis process and dispose of the discarded catalyst and wastewater.
[0005] Furthermore, the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor includes a cylinder, an upper support plate, a lower support plate, a reaction tube and a baffle, wherein the upper support plate and the lower support plate are respectively fixed on the upper and lower sides of the cylinder, the lower end and the upper end of the cylinder are respectively provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, the two ends of the reaction tube extend out from the upper support plate and the lower support plate respectively, a molten salt inlet and a molten salt outlet are respectively provided on the cylinder wall of the cylinder, the baffles are evenly spaced and installed in the cylinder, and each baffle is alternately installed on both sides of the cylinder.
[0006] Furthermore, the reaction tube includes an outer tube, an inner tube coaxially rotatably installed in the outer tube, and a partition fixed on the outside of the inner tube. The outer tube and the inner tube are separated to form a space for installing a metal catalyst. The outer tube is connected to a rotation drive device.
[0007] Furthermore, the rotation drive device includes a gear, a rack, a fan blade, a transmission assembly, a crank, a connecting rod, a piston, and a piston cylinder; the outer tube is threadedly connected to the lower support plate, and the outer tube is rotatably matched with the upper support plate. A gear is fixed to the outside of the outer tube, and the gear is meshed with a rack, and the rack is connected to the piston. The piston is slidably arranged in the piston cylinder installed on the cylinder body, and the piston is connected to one end of the crank through a connecting rod, and the other end of the crank is connected to the fan blade through a transmission assembly.
[0008] Furthermore, a limit plate is fixed on the inner tube, and an elastic supporting device is provided between the limit plate and the partition.
[0009] Furthermore, both ends of the inner tube are respectively connected to an upper cooling box and a lower cooling box, the upper cooling box is connected to a coolant outlet, and the lower cooling box is connected to a coolant inlet.
[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The invention discloses a method for producing aviation kerosene based on distiller's grains waste, which solves the problem of converting Luzhou-flavor distiller's grains waste into renewable fuel, and can achieve effective utilization of resources. At the same time, it reduces the dependence of aviation kerosene production on traditional fossil energy. The green aviation kerosene produced from distiller's grains has a lower sulfur content and a higher combustion efficiency, and can therefore effectively improve air quality. Because the cost of distiller's grains is relatively low, while the price of aviation fuel is relatively high, a certain economic benefit can be obtained in this way.
[0011] The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor disclosed in the present invention can effectively exchange heat for gas during reaction, and can fully react the synthesis gas while realizing energy recovery, thereby improving the utilization rate of lees waste and saving energy. The reactor uses molten salt as a heat transfer medium to significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency, thereby improving the reaction rate and product selectivity.
[0012] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description and will be apparent to those skilled in the art to some extent, or those skilled in the art may be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention provides the following drawings for illustration: Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the aviation kerosene production method of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor; Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 2 The enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the reaction tube structure Figure 1 ; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the reaction tube structure Figure 2 .
[0014] The markings in the accompanying drawings are as follows: Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor 1, cylinder 2, upper support plate 3, lower support plate 4, reaction tube 5, baffle 6, gas inlet 7, gas outlet 8, molten salt inlet 9, molten salt outlet 10, outer tube 11, inner tube 12, partition 13, gear 15, rack 16, fan blade 17, transmission assembly 18, crank 19, connecting rod 20, piston 21, piston cylinder 22, limit plate 23, elastic support device 24, upper cooling box 25, lower cooling box 26, coolant outlet 27, coolant inlet 28. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention discloses a method for producing aviation kerosene based on distiller's grains waste, comprising the following steps: Pretreatment: The lees are screened and cleaned to remove impurities and moisture, and then the cleaned lees are crushed into particles, which are then dried and baked using a tube-type lees drying equipment to further remove moisture; Pyrolysis: The pretreated lees are sent to a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, heated to a high temperature of 600-800°C, and decomposed into gas and solid carbon black. The decomposed gas includes carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which become the raw materials for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction; Gas purification: purify the separated gas to remove sulfides, nitrides and other harmful components to prevent these substances from affecting the activity of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst; Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction: the purified gas is passed into the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor 1, and through contact with the metal catalyst in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor 1, the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor 1 contains metal catalysts such as cobalt, and the carbon monoxide and hydrogen undergo a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction at a temperature of 200-300°C and a pressure of 1-5MPa to form a series of short-chain to long-chain hydrocarbon molecules; The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor 1 used in the present invention replaces the traditional fixed bed reactor. The reactor uses molten salt as a heat transfer medium to significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency, thereby increasing the reaction rate and product selectivity.
[0016] Product separation: After the reaction is completed, hydrocarbons in different boiling point ranges are separated; the high-temperature molten salt generated by heat exchange in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor 1 is heat recovered, and in this stage, it is used as a heat source for the tower kettle reboiler for heat recovery; the remaining high-temperature molten salt is passed through the steam generator to recover the heat generated by the reaction, and the by-product 0.3-0.4 MPa, 130℃ superheated low-pressure steam drives the steam turbine to generate electricity, recovering the heat generated by the reaction. The molten salt after heat exchange enters the low-temperature molten salt tank for storage and recycling; Product refining: The separated hydrocarbon products are further processed, including cracking, isomerization, hydrogenation and other steps to improve the quality and stability of the products. The final jet fuel products should meet the quality standards of aviation fuel, including parameters such as flash point, freezing point and smoke point; Waste treatment: Recycle the solid carbon black produced during the pyrolysis process and dispose of the discarded catalyst and wastewater.
[0017] In this embodiment, the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor 1 includes a cylinder 2, an upper support plate 3, a lower support plate 4, a reaction tube 5 and a baffle 6. The upper support plate 3 and the lower support plate 4 are fixed on the upper side and the lower side of the cylinder 2, respectively. The lower end and the upper end of the cylinder 2 are respectively provided with a gas inlet 7 and a gas outlet 8. The two ends of the reaction tube 5 extend out from the upper support plate 3 and the lower support plate 4, respectively. The cylinder wall of the cylinder 2 is provided with a molten salt inlet 9 and a molten salt outlet 10. The baffles 6 are evenly spaced and installed in the cylinder 2, and each baffle 6 is alternately installed on both sides of the cylinder 2. The molten salt inlet 9 is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder 2, and the molten salt outlet 10 is arranged at the upper part of the cylinder 2. The baffle 6 is used to guide the flow direction of the molten salt so that it can be bent back and forth and discharged from the molten salt outlet 10, so that the molten salt can be fully contacted with the reaction tube 5, and the heat exchange efficiency is higher.
[0018] In this embodiment, the reaction tube 5 includes an outer tube 11, an inner tube 12 coaxially rotatably installed in the outer tube 11, and a partition 13 fixed on the outer side of the inner tube 12. The outer tube 11 and the inner tube 12 are separated to form a space for installing the metal catalyst, and the outer tube 11 is connected to the rotation drive device. By providing a rotatable outer tube 11, when the outer tube 11 rotates, the contact position between the metal catalyst and the outer tube 11 can be changed, so that the metal catalyst can achieve better heat dissipation during the reaction process, so as to significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency and thus improve the reaction rate.
[0019] In this embodiment, the rotation driving device includes a gear 15, a rack 16, a fan blade 17, a transmission assembly 18, a crank 19, a connecting rod 20, a piston 21, and a piston cylinder 22; the outer tube 11 is threadedly connected to the lower support plate 4, and the outer tube 11 is rotatably matched with the upper support plate 3. A gear 15 is fixed to the outside of the outer tube 11, and the gear 15 is meshed with a rack 16, which is connected to the piston 21. The piston 21 is slidably set in the piston cylinder 22 installed on the cylinder body 2, and the piston 21 is connected to one end of the crank 19 through the connecting rod 20, and the other end of the crank 19 is connected to the fan blade 17 through the transmission assembly 18. When the fan blade 17 rotates under the action of external forces such as wind, the fan blade 17 can drive the crank 19 to rotate through the transmission assembly 18, and the crank 19 drives the piston 21 to move along the axis of the piston cylinder 22 through the connecting rod 20. After the piston 21 moves, it can drive the rack 16 to move, and the rack 16 drives the gear 15 meshing with it to rotate, and the gear 15 drives the reaction tube 5 to rotate. The lower support plate 4 is threadedly connected to the reaction tube 5, so when the reaction tube 5 rotates, the reaction tube 5 can be displaced to a certain extent vertically, thereby further changing the contact position between the metal catalyst and the outer tube 11, and improving the heat exchange efficiency. The two adjacent outer tubes 11 are connected by a connecting plate to achieve synchronous movement. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the reaction tube 5 can be divided into multiple groups in the same cylinder 2, and each group corresponds to a rotation drive device.
[0020] In some other embodiments, the transmission assembly 18 includes two gears 15 meshing with each other, and the speed of the gears 15 is changed to achieve smoother movement of the piston 21.
[0021] In this embodiment, a limit plate 23 is fixed on the inner tube 12, and an elastic support device 24 is provided between the limit plate 23 and the partition 13. The elastic support device 24 uses a spring to pre-support the metal catalyst, thereby facilitating the installation and replacement of the metal catalyst.
[0022] In this embodiment, the two ends of the inner tube 12 are respectively connected to an upper cooling box 25 and a lower cooling box 26, the upper cooling box 25 is connected to a coolant outlet 27, and the lower cooling box 26 is connected to a coolant inlet 28. The inner tube 12 can pass through the coolant, thereby further exchanging heat with the reaction tube 5 to improve the heat exchange effect. The upper cooling box 25 of the present invention is connected to a coolant outlet 27, and the lower cooling box 26 is connected to a coolant inlet 28. By cooperating with the outlet and inlet of the molten salt, heat can be exchanged not only from the outside, but also from the inside at the same time, thereby significantly improving the heat exchange efficiency, thereby improving the reaction rate of the gas, and improving the selectivity of the product.
[0023] The investment cost and operating cost of this project are as follows: Investment cost Operating costs Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for producing aviation kerosene based on distiller's grains waste, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Pretreatment: Screen and clean the lees to remove impurities and moisture, then crush the cleaned lees into particles, and then use drying equipment to dry and bake them; Pyrolysis: The pretreated lees are sent to a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, so that they are decomposed into gas and solid carbon black. The decomposed gases include carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Gas purification: purify the separated gas to remove sulfides and nitrides; Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction: The purified gas is passed into a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor, where carbon monoxide and hydrogen undergo a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction to form hydrocarbon molecules by contacting the metal catalyst in the reactor. Product separation: After the reaction is completed, hydrocarbons in different boiling point ranges are separated; the high-temperature molten salt generated by the heat exchange of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor is heat recovered; the remaining high-temperature molten salt is recycled through the steam generator to recover the heat generated by the reaction, and the molten salt after heat exchange enters the low-temperature molten salt tank for storage and recycling; Product refining: further processing of separated hydrocarbon products to improve product quality and stability; Waste treatment: Recycle the solid carbon black produced during the pyrolysis process and dispose of the discarded catalyst and wastewater.
2. The method for producing aviation kerosene based on vinasse waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor includes a cylinder, an upper support plate, a lower support plate, a reaction tube and a baffle. The upper support plate and the lower support plate are respectively fixed on the upper and lower sides of the cylinder. The lower end and the upper end of the cylinder are respectively provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet. The two ends of the reaction tube extend out from the upper support plate and the lower support plate respectively. A molten salt inlet and a molten salt outlet are respectively provided on the cylinder wall of the cylinder. The baffles are evenly spaced and installed in the cylinder, and each baffle is alternately installed on both sides of the cylinder.
3. The method for producing aviation kerosene based on vinasse waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reaction tube comprises an outer tube, an inner tube coaxially rotatably installed in the outer tube, and a partition fixed on the outer side of the inner tube. A space for installing a metal catalyst is formed between the outer tube and the inner tube. The outer tube is connected to a rotation driving device.
4. The method for producing aviation kerosene based on vinasse waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotation driving device includes gears, racks, fan blades, a transmission assembly, a crank, a connecting rod, a piston, and a piston cylinder; the outer tube is threadedly connected to the lower support plate, and the outer tube is rotatably matched with the upper support plate. A gear is fixed to the outside of the outer tube, and the gear is meshed with a rack, and the rack is connected to the piston. The piston is slidably arranged in the piston cylinder installed on the cylinder body, and the piston is connected to one end of the crank through a connecting rod, and the other end of the crank is connected to the fan blade through a transmission assembly.
5. The method for producing aviation kerosene based on vinasse waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: A limit plate is fixed on the inner tube, and an elastic supporting device is arranged between the limit plate and the partition.
6. The method for producing aviation kerosene based on vinasse waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two ends of the inner tube are respectively connected to an upper cooling box and a lower cooling box, the upper cooling box is connected to a coolant outlet, and the lower cooling box is connected to a coolant inlet.
Citation Information
Cited By
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