Wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy

Abstract

The invention discloses a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy which comprises 0.05%-3% of titanium, 0.06%-1.4% of niobium, 0.06%-2% of tantalum, 0.1%-1.58% of chromium, 0.01%-0.2% of iridium, 0.12%-2.5% of molybdenum, 0.08%-0.8% of vanadium, 2.6%-4.8% of rare earth elements and the balance copper and inevitable impurities, the total weight percentage of all the raw materials is 100%, on the basis of a traditional alloy, a trace amount of titanium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, iridium, molybdenum, vanadium and rare earth elements are added, and the rare earth elements and the rare earth elements are evenly mixed. And the percentage content of each element in the copper alloy is adjusted, so that trace rare earth elements, titanium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, iridium, molybdenum and vanadium generate a synergistic effect, the crystal grains of the alloy can be refined, the microstructure of the material is improved, the wear resistance is improved, a firmer passive film can be formed, the corrosion resistance of the material in a severe environment is improved, and the service life of the material is prolonged. The alloy has high wear resistance and corrosion resistance, the strength and toughness of the alloy are improved, and the alloy has better performance under the dynamic load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of copper alloys, and in particular to a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy. Background Art

[0002] Copper alloy is an alloy composed of pure copper as the matrix and one or more other elements. Pure copper is purple-red, also known as red copper. The density of pure copper is 8.96 and the melting point is 1083℃. It has excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, ductility and corrosion resistance. It is mainly used to make electrical equipment such as generators, busbars, cables, switchgear, transformers, and heat exchangers, pipelines, flat-plate collectors of solar heating devices and other heat-conducting equipment. According to function, there are copper alloys for electrical and thermal conductivity (mainly non-alloyed copper and micro-alloyed copper), structural copper alloys (almost all copper alloys), corrosion-resistant copper alloys (mainly tin brass, aluminum brass, various non-white copper, aluminum bronze, titanium bronze, etc.), wear-resistant copper alloys (mainly complex brass containing lead, tin, aluminum, manganese, etc., aluminum bronze, etc.), easy Cutting copper alloys (copper-lead, copper-tellurium, copper-antimony and other alloys), elastic copper alloys (mainly antimony bronze, aluminum bronze, beryllium bronze, titanium bronze, etc.), damping copper alloys (high manganese copper alloys, etc.), artistic copper alloys (pure copper, simple copper, tin bronze, aluminum bronze, white copper, etc.). Obviously, many copper alloys have multiple functions. Rare earth is a beneficial added element in metal materials. Rare earth can purify copper melt, remove oxygen, sulfur, hydrogen and low melting point elements bismuth, tin, lead, etc. in copper, improve the high temperature performance and hot processing performance of copper and copper alloys, reduce the thermal cracking tendency of copper and copper alloys, and improve the thermoplasticity, heat resistance and corrosion resistance of materials. However, the corrosion resistance of copper alloys is poor, and they will quickly fail in harsh environments. The wear resistance and corrosion resistance of copper alloys need to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy. On the basis of traditional alloys, trace amounts of titanium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, iridium, molybdenum, vanadium and rare earth elements are added, and the percentage of each element in the copper alloy is adjusted so that the trace rare earth elements and titanium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, iridium, molybdenum and vanadium produce a synergistic effect, which can refine the grains of the alloy, improve the microstructure of the material, thereby improving the wear resistance, and can form a stronger passivation film, improve the corrosion resistance of the material in harsh environments, so that the alloy has higher wear resistance and corrosion resistance. By adjusting the material, the strength and toughness of the alloy are improved, so that it performs better under dynamic loads, is not easy to break or deform, and improves the mechanical properties of the material, thereby having a more excellent use effect and service life.

[0004] The present invention also provides the above-mentioned wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy, a copper-based layer, a titanium layer on the upper layer of the copper-based layer, a niobium layer on the upper layer of the titanium layer, a tantalum layer on the upper layer of the niobium layer, a chromium layer on the upper layer of the tantalum layer, an iridium layer on the upper layer of the chromium layer, a molybdenum layer on the upper layer of the iridium layer, a vanadium layer on the upper layer of the molybdenum layer, and a rare earth element layer on the upper layer of the vanadium layer. The above-mentioned wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy is composed of the following raw materials in weight percentage: titanium: 0.05% to 3%, niobium: 0.06% to 1.4%, tantalum: 0.06% to 2%, chromium: 0.1% to 1.58%, iridium: 0.01% to 0.2%, molybdenum: 0.12% to 2.5%, vanadium: 0.08% to 0.8%, rare earth elements: 2.6% to 4.8%, and the remainder is copper and unavoidable impurities, and the weight percentages of all raw materials total 100%.

[0005] According to a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy provided by the present invention, S1 and S2 are smelted under the protection of an inert gas, wherein the inert gas is specifically nitrogen, titanium: 0.05% to 2.2%, niobium: 0.06% to 1%, tantalum: 0.06% to 1.4%, chromium: 0.1% to 1.12%, iridium: 0.01% to 0.08%, molybdenum: 0.12% to 1.96%, vanadium: 0.08% to 0.35%, rare earth elements: 2.6% to 4%, the remainder is copper and unavoidable impurities, and the weight percentage of all raw materials totals 100%.

[0006] According to the present invention, a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy is provided, which comprises 0.1% to 3% titanium, 0.1% to 1.4% niobium, 1.2% to 2% tantalum, 0.6% to 1.58% chromium, 0.05% to 0.2% iridium, 1.2% to 2.5% molybdenum, 0.28% to 0.8% vanadium, 3.4% to 4.8% rare earth elements, and the balance is copper and unavoidable impurities, and the weight percentage of all raw materials totals 100%.

[0007] According to the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy provided by the present invention, the rare earth elements are specifically cerium and lanthanum.

[0008] According to the present invention, a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy is prepared in the following steps:

[0009] S1 Initial smelting: The copper is first heated to melt and maintained at between 1200-1600℃;

[0010] S2 alloying: adding rare earth elements and alloying elements such as titanium, niobium, tantalum, iridium, chromium, molybdenum and vanadium to fully molten copper, and continuously stirring to ensure uniform distribution of the components;

[0011] S3 Casting and Cooling: Pour the molten alloy into the mold and control the cooling rate to obtain the desired microstructure and properties;

[0012] S4 heat treatment: heat the alloy to 400-800℃, keep it warm for a period of time and then slowly cool it to improve its strength, hardness, toughness and corrosion resistance;

[0013] S5 Machining: Forging, rolling and other processes are performed to process the ingot into the required size and shape.

[0014] According to a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy provided by the present invention, S1 and S2 are melted under the protection of an inert gas, and the inert gas is specifically nitrogen. The inert gas will not react with the metal, and can effectively prevent the oxidation of the alloy components during the smelting process, maintain the purity and performance of the metal, and improve the quality of the alloy. By reducing oxidation and other gas pollution, the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the alloy can be significantly improved, ensuring that the quality of the final product is more stable and reliable, and the composition uniformity can be enhanced. The protection of the inert gas contributes to the uniform distribution of the alloy elements during the melting process, avoiding the composition non-uniformity caused by oxidation, thereby improving the overall performance of the material and reducing the influence of impurities. During the smelting process, moisture and impurity gases (such as hydrogen and nitrogen) in the external environment will have a negative impact on the alloy performance. The use of inert gas can reduce the entry of these impurities, and can improve the smelting process. Under the protection of the inert gas, more precise temperature control and atmosphere control can be achieved, thereby improving the efficiency and safety of smelting.

[0015] Titanium has an excellent strength-to-weight ratio, good corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, and is also very stable at high temperatures and in corrosive media such as sulfuric acid. Titanium usually forms a solid solution or rough surface structure in copper alloys, which increases the strength and hardness of copper alloys, improves high temperature resistance, and can improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the alloys, while reducing the density of the alloys; Niobium has good ductility and oxidation resistance, which can improve the high temperature strength and corrosion resistance of the alloys. It often forms a strengthening phase in copper alloys, improving the tensile strength and toughness of the alloys; Tantalum has excellent corrosion resistance, especially in acidic environments. Tantalum usually exists in copper alloys in the form of fine particles or precipitation phases. It has a very high melting point and excellent corrosion resistance, which can greatly improve the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the alloys in extreme environments;

[0016] Chromium can significantly improve the corrosion resistance and hardness of the alloy, improve its wear resistance, and promote the hardness and strength of the alloy. Chromium can form fine solid solutions and strengthening phases, which can improve hardness and oxidation resistance. By improving corrosion resistance and wear resistance, the performance of copper alloys in harsh environments can be improved. Iridium has extremely high corrosion resistance and wear resistance, high temperature resistance, and helps to increase the stability of the alloy. Iridium usually exists in the form of trace dispersion in copper alloys, which can significantly improve the corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance of the alloy. Molybdenum can significantly improve the high temperature strength and hardness of the alloy, enhance its wear resistance and plastic deformation resistance. Molybdenum can form fine solid solutions or strengthening phases, enhance high temperature resistance and mechanical strength, and improve the strength and oxidation resistance of copper alloys, which are particularly suitable for high temperature applications. Vanadium can increase the strength, toughness and wear resistance of the alloy, improve hardness and corrosion resistance, and improve the high temperature resistance of the material. Vanadium exists in the form of fine particles in copper alloys, mainly forming strengthening phases, improving the rigidity and toughness of the alloy, and can significantly improve the strength and wear resistance of copper alloys under load.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy of the present invention is prepared by adding trace amounts of titanium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, iridium, molybdenum, vanadium and rare earth elements to the traditional alloy, and adjusting the percentage of each element in the copper alloy so that the trace rare earth elements and titanium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, iridium, molybdenum and vanadium produce a synergistic effect, which can refine the grains of the alloy and improve the microstructure of the material, thereby improving the wear resistance, and can form a stronger passivation film, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the material in harsh environments, so that the alloy has higher wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0018] Compared with the existing technology, this wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy improves the strength and toughness of the alloy by adjusting the material, so that it performs better under dynamic loads, is less likely to break or deform, and improves the mechanical properties of the material, thereby having better use effect and service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy of the present invention.

[0021] Legend:

[0022] 1. Copper base layer; 2. Titanium layer; 3. Niobium layer; 4. Tantalum layer; 5. Chromium layer; 6. Iridium layer; 7. Molybdenum layer; 8. Vanadium layer; 9. Rare earth element layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] This section will describe in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments proposed in the present invention are only used to explain the implementation of the present invention and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present invention.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] A wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy is prepared. Under the protection of an inert gas, copper is first heated to melt and maintained at 1200°C. Then, 1.2% titanium, 0.5% niobium, 0.8% tantalum, 1.25% chromium, 0.12% iridium, 1.25% molybdenum, 0.4% vanadium and 3.5% rare earth elements are added to the fully molten copper. The mixture is continuously stirred to ensure uniform distribution of the components. The molten alloy is then poured into a casting mold. The cooling rate is controlled to obtain the desired microstructure and properties. The alloy is then heated to 460°C, kept warm for a period of time, and then slowly cooled to improve its strength, hardness, toughness and corrosion resistance. Finally, forging, rolling and other processes are performed to process the ingot into a desired size and shape.

[0026] The copper alloy prepared according to this ratio is superior to the existing zinc-copper alloy in physical properties, and its corrosion resistance and wear resistance are much higher than the existing zinc-copper alloy.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] A wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy is prepared. Under the protection of an inert gas, copper is first heated to melt and maintained at 1300°C. Then, 2.3% of titanium, 1% of niobium, 1.2% of tantalum, 1.4% of chromium, 0.08% of iridium, 2.12% of molybdenum, 0.63% of vanadium and 3.85% of rare earth elements are added to the fully molten copper. The mixture is continuously stirred to ensure uniform distribution of the components. The molten alloy is then poured into a casting mold. The cooling rate is controlled to obtain the desired microstructure and properties. The alloy is then heated to 520°C, kept warm for a period of time, and then slowly cooled to improve its strength, hardness, toughness and corrosion resistance. Finally, forging, rolling and other processes are performed to process the ingot into a desired size and shape.

[0029] The copper alloy prepared according to this ratio is superior to the existing zinc-copper alloy in physical properties, and its corrosion resistance and wear resistance are much higher than the existing zinc-copper alloy.

[0030] Example 3

[0031] A wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy is prepared. Under the protection of an inert gas, copper is first heated to melt and maintained at 1400°C. Then, 2.5% titanium, 0.98% niobium, 1.52% tantalum, 0.67% chromium, 0.16% iridium, 1.92% molybdenum, 0.12% vanadium and 4% rare earth elements are added to the fully molten copper. The mixture is continuously stirred to ensure uniform distribution of the components. The molten alloy is then poured into a casting mold. The cooling rate is controlled to obtain the desired microstructure and properties. The alloy is then heated to 580°C, kept warm for a period of time, and then slowly cooled to improve its strength, hardness, toughness and corrosion resistance. Finally, forging, rolling and other processes are performed to process the ingot into a desired size and shape.

[0032] The copper alloy prepared according to this ratio is superior to the existing zinc-copper alloy in physical properties, and its corrosion resistance and wear resistance are much higher than the existing zinc-copper alloy.

[0033] Example 4

[0034] A wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy is prepared. Under the protection of an inert gas, copper is first heated to melt and maintained at 1500°C. Then, 0.24% of titanium, 0.34% of niobium, 1.6% of tantalum, 1.06% of chromium, 0.2% of iridium, 0.16% of molybdenum, 0.25% of vanadium and 4.6% of rare earth elements are added to the fully molten copper. The mixture is continuously stirred to ensure uniform distribution of the components. The molten alloy is then poured into a casting mold. The cooling rate is controlled to obtain the desired microstructure and properties. The alloy is then heated to 680°C, kept warm for a period of time, and then slowly cooled to improve its strength, hardness, toughness and corrosion resistance. Finally, forging, rolling and other processes are performed to process the ingot into a desired size and shape.

[0035] The copper alloy prepared according to this ratio is superior to the existing zinc-copper alloy in physical properties, and its corrosion resistance and wear resistance are much higher than the existing zinc-copper alloy.

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy, characterized in that: include: A copper-based layer (1), wherein a titanium layer (2) is disposed on the upper layer of the copper-based layer (1), a niobium layer (3) is disposed on the upper layer of the titanium layer (2), a tantalum layer (4) is disposed on the upper layer of the niobium layer (3), a chromium layer (5) is disposed on the upper layer of the tantalum layer (4), an iridium layer (6) is disposed on the upper layer of the chromium layer (5), a molybdenum layer (7) is disposed on the upper layer of the iridium layer (6), a vanadium layer (8) is disposed on the upper layer of the molybdenum layer (7), and a rare earth element layer (9) is disposed on the upper layer of the vanadium layer (8); The wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy is composed of the following raw materials in weight percentage: titanium: 0.05%-3%, niobium: 0.06%-1.4%, tantalum: 0.06%-2%, chromium: 0.1%-1.58%, iridium: 0.01%-0.2%, molybdenum: 0.12%-2.5%, vanadium: 0.08%-0.8%, rare earth elements: 2.6%-4.8%, and the balance is copper and unavoidable impurities. The weight percentage of all raw materials totals 100%.

2. The wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Titanium: 0.05% to 2.2%, niobium: 0.06% to 1%, tantalum: 0.06% to 1.4%, chromium: 0.1% to 1.12%, iridium: 0.01% to 0.08%, molybdenum: 0.12% to 1.96%, vanadium: 0.08% to 0.35%, rare earth elements: 2.6% to 4%, the remainder is copper and unavoidable impurities, and the weight percentage of all raw materials totals 100%.

3. The wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Titanium: 0.1%-3%, niobium: 0.1%-1.4%, tantalum: 1.2%-2%, chromium: 0.6%-1.58%, iridium: 0.05%-0.2%, molybdenum: 1.2%-2.5%, vanadium: 0.28%-0.8%, rare earth elements: 3.4%-4.8%, the remainder is copper and unavoidable impurities, and the weight percentage of all raw materials totals 100%.

4. The wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rare earth elements are specifically cerium and lanthanum.

5. The wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein the specific preparation steps are as follows: S1 Initial smelting: The copper is first heated to melt and maintained at between 1200-1600℃; S2 alloying: adding rare earth elements and alloying elements such as titanium, niobium, tantalum, iridium, chromium, molybdenum and vanadium to fully molten copper, and continuously stirring to ensure uniform distribution of the components; S3 Casting and Cooling: Pour the molten alloy into the mold and control the cooling rate to obtain the desired microstructure and properties; S4 heat treatment: heat the alloy to 400-800℃, keep it warm for a period of time and then slowly cool it to improve its strength, hardness, toughness and corrosion resistance; S5 Machining: Forging, rolling and other processes are performed to process the ingot into the required size and shape.

6. The wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rare earth copper alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: S1 and S2 are melted under the protection of an inert gas, and the inert gas is specifically nitrogen.

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