Humidity response polymer, waterproof moisture permeable film and composite fabric

Abstract

The invention provides a composite fabric. The composite fabric comprises a base material layer and a polymer printing and / or polymer layer compounded on at least one surface of the base material layer, the polymer printing and / or the polymer layer comprises a humidity response polymer; the humidity response polymer is selected from polyether type polyurethane and / or polyether type thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. Compared with the prior art, the adopted humidity response polymer has high hydrophilicity, after water / water vapor is absorbed, macromolecular chain segments of the humidity response polymer can stretch, change and swell, so that large internal stress can be generated, the moisture absorption function is achieved, after the polymer is dried, the molecular chain segments can be recovered, fabric deformation is recovered, and the moisture absorption effect is good. Therefore, the intelligent breathable function effect is achieved, the composite fabric compounded with the humidity response polymer has intelligence, the comfort requirement of people in the dry state and the wet state can be met, the moisture absorption function does not depend on moisture absorption chemical reagents, and the composite fabric has wear resistance and washability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fabrics, and in particular relates to a humidity responsive polymer, a waterproof and breathable membrane and a composite fabric. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of living standards, people's requirements for the practical functions of fabrics and clothing tend to be diversified. When the human body sweats, if the fabric does not have the function of perspiration and ventilation, it will cause discomfort to the human skin. Therefore, in addition to covering the body and appearance, people begin to pay more attention to the ventilation, moisture permeability and comfort functions of clothing. However, the current fabrics cannot meet this demand. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a fabric that can be breathable and moisture permeable.

[0003] A Chinese patent with publication number CN113147119B discloses a hygroscopic fabric, comprising a surface layer, a connecting layer and a fluff layer arranged in sequence, and is prepared by the following steps: (1) fluff treatment: after washing the fluff, immerse it in an impregnation liquid for 8 to 75 minutes to obtain the treated fluff; (2) flocking: flocking the treated fluff to one side of the connecting layer to obtain the fluff layer and the connecting layer; (3) compounding: compounding the surface layer to the side of the connecting layer where the fluff layer is not arranged to obtain the hygroscopic fabric; the impregnation liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of water; 5 to 13 parts of xanthan gum; 10 to 30 parts of water-soluble silicone oil; 3 to 10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose. The invention relies on carboxymethyl cellulose to achieve the hygroscopic function. However, when carboxymethyl cellulose is rubbed and washed, it will gradually fall off, thereby losing its hygroscopic properties. In addition, the fabric is composed of three layers, which has the problem of poor air permeability. At the same time, the fabric has a single function and is not intelligent. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a humidity responsive polymer, a waterproof and breathable membrane and a composite fabric. The composite fabric is wear-resistant and washable, and is also intelligent, and can meet people's comfort needs in both dry and wet states.

[0005] The present invention provides a composite fabric, comprising a base material layer and a polymer print and / or a polymer layer composited on at least one surface of the base material layer; the polymer print and / or the polymer layer comprises a humidity responsive polymer; the humidity responsive polymer is selected from polyether polyurethane and / or polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

[0006] Preferably, the polyether polyurethane consists of a soft segment and a hard segment; the soft segment is a polyether polyol; the hard segment is a diisocyanate; and the molar ratio of the soft segment to the hard segment is 1:3.5 to 3:5.

[0007] Preferably, the polyether polyol is selected from polyoxypropylene glycol and / or polytetrahydrofuran; and the diisocyanate is selected from 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and / or isophorone diisocyanate.

[0008] Preferably, the polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is a linear structure formed by alternating soft segments and hard segments; the soft segment is a polyether polyol; the hard segment is a butanediol structure; and the soft segment and the hard segment are connected via a diisocyanate structure.

[0009] Preferably, the density of the polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is 1.13-1.18 g / cm 3 ;

[0010] The base material layer is selected from polyester fabrics, polyester-cotton fabrics or silk fabrics.

[0011] Preferably, the Shore hardness of the humidity responsive polymer is 75-90A.

[0012] Preferably, the humidity responsive polymer is selected from one or more of Covestro polyether TPU UE-85AU, Zhejiang Hailide New Material polyether TPU Polyether-302 and Huafeng polyether TPU HF-4075A.

[0013] Preferably, the thickness of the polymer print and / or polymer layer is 5 μm to 30 μm.

[0014] The present invention also provides an application of polyether polyurethane and / or polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer in preparing humidity responsive polymer.

[0015] The present invention also provides a waterproof and breathable membrane, which is formed by a humidity responsive polymer; the humidity responsive polymer is selected from polyether polyurethane and / or polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

[0016] The present invention provides a composite fabric, comprising a base material layer and a polymer print and / or polymer layer composited on at least one surface of the base material layer; the polymer print and / or polymer layer comprises a humidity responsive polymer; the humidity responsive polymer is selected from polyether polyurethane and / or polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. Compared with the prior art, the humidity responsive polymer used in the present invention has a higher hydrophilicity. After absorbing water / water vapor, its macromolecular chain segments can stretch, the molecular chain segments change, and swell, thereby generating a larger internal stress to achieve a hygroscopic function. When the polymer is dried, the molecular chain segments can be restored, and the fabric deformation is restored, thereby achieving an intelligent breathable function effect, thereby making the composite fabric of the composite humidity responsive polymer intelligent, able to meet the comfort needs of people in both dry and wet states, and making the hygroscopic function independent of hygroscopic chemical reagents, so that the composite fabric has wear resistance and washability, ensuring the normal use of clothing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 These are photos of the printed composite fabric obtained in Example 1 of the present invention before and after moisture absorption and after drying;

[0018] Figure 2 These are photos of the printed composite fabric obtained in Example 2 of the present invention before and after moisture absorption and after drying;

[0019] Figure 3 These are photos of the composite fabric obtained in Example 3 of the present invention before and after moisture absorption and after drying;

[0020] Figure 4 These are photos of the composite fabric obtained in Example 4 of the present invention before and after moisture absorption;

[0021] Figure 5 These are photos of the composite fabric obtained in Example 5 of the present invention before and after moisture absorption;

[0022] Figure 6 These are photos of the composite fabric obtained in Example 6 of the present invention before and after moisture absorption;

[0023] Figure 7 These are photos of the composite fabric obtained in Example 7 of the present invention before and after moisture absorption;

[0024] Figure 8 These are photos of the composite fabric obtained in Example 8 of the present invention before and after moisture absorption;

[0025] Fig. 9 These are photos of the composite fabric obtained in Example 9 of the present invention before and after moisture absorption. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The invention provides an application of a polyether polyurethane and / or a polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer in preparing a humidity responsive polymer.

[0028] According to the present invention, the polyether polyurethane is composed of a soft segment and a hard segment, which is a linear block copolymer composed of a soft segment and a hard segment; the soft segment is a polyether polyol; the molecular chain of the polyether polyol contains ether bonds (-O-), which have low cohesive energy, making the molecular chain easy to rotate and bend, thereby giving the material good flexibility and hydrolysis resistance; in the present invention, the polyether polyol is preferably polyoxypropylene glycol and / or polytetrahydrofuran; the hard segment is a diisocyanate; the hard segment is the rigid part of the polyurethane, which is formed by the reaction of diisocyanate with the polyether polyol, and they act as crosslinking points in the polymer, providing mechanical strength and thermal stability of the material. The diisocyanate is preferably 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and / or isophorone diisocyanate. The molar ratio of the soft segment to the hard segment is 1:3.5 to 3:5. This unique soft and hard segment structure of the polyether polyurethane makes it outstanding in mechanical properties, chemical resistance and environmental resistance. The soft segment provides the material with flexibility and low temperature resistance, while the hard segment gives the material strength and wear resistance. The microphase separation characteristics of this structure, that is, the microscopic phase separation structure formed by the soft segment and the hard segment in the material, have a decisive influence on the final performance of polyurethane.

[0029] According to the present invention, the polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (polyether TPU) is a linear structure formed by alternating soft segments and hard segments; the soft segment is a polyether polyol; the molecular weight of the polyether polyol is preferably 1000-6000; the hard segment is a butanediol structure; the soft segment and the hard segment are connected by a diisocyanate structure; the molar ratio of the soft segment to the hard segment is preferably 1:3-3:5; the main chain structure of the polyether polyol contains ether bonds, and the end groups have hydroxyl groups. This structure makes the polyether TPU have excellent low-temperature flexibility, hydrolysis resistance, mildew resistance, UV resistance and other characteristics, and the ether bonds have low cohesive energy and are easy to rotate, which provides the material with good flexibility and hydrolysis resistance. The diisocyanate in the hard segment provides the material with mechanical strength and structural stability. Furthermore, there are many physical crosslinks formed by hydrogen bonds between the linear structural polymers of polyether TPU. These hydrogen bonds strengthen its morphology, thus giving the material excellent properties such as high modulus and high strength.

[0030] According to the present invention, the density of the polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is 1.13-1.18 g / cm 3 .

[0031] According to the present invention, the Shore hardness of the polyether polyurethane and / or polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is preferably 75-90A, more preferably 76-86A.

[0032] In a specific embodiment provided by the present invention, the polyether polyurethane and / or polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is specifically one or more of Covestro polyether TPU UE-85AU, Zhejiang Hailide New Materials polyether TPU Polyether-302 and Huafeng polyether TPU HF-4075A.

[0033] The present invention also provides a waterproof and breathable membrane, which is formed by a humidity responsive polymer; the humidity responsive polymer is a polyether polyurethane and / or a polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

[0034] Wherein, the polyether polyurethane and / or polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer are the same as described above and will not be described in detail here.

[0035] According to the present invention, the Shore hardness of the humidity responsive polymer is preferably 75-90A, more preferably 76-86A.

[0036] According to the present invention, the thickness of the waterproof and moisture-permeable membrane is preferably 5 μm to 30 μm, more preferably 8 μm to 20 μm, and even more preferably 10 μm to 18 μm.

[0037] The present invention also provides a composite fabric, comprising a base material layer and a polymer print and / or a polymer layer composited on at least one surface of the base material layer; the polymer print and / or the polymer layer comprises a humidity responsive polymer; the humidity responsive polymer is a polyether polyurethane and / or a polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

[0038] Wherein, the polyether polyurethane and / or polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer are the same as described above and will not be described in detail here.

[0039] According to the present invention, the base material layer can be any base material layer known to those skilled in the art without any special limitation. In the present invention, polyester fabric, polyester-cotton fabric or silk fabric is preferred.

[0040] According to the present invention, at least one surface of the base material layer is composited with a polymer print and / or a polymer layer; the thickness of the polymer print and / or the polymer layer is preferably 5μm to 30μm, more preferably 8μm to 20μm, and even more preferably 10μm to 18μm; in some embodiments provided by the present invention, the thickness of the polymer print and / or the polymer layer is specifically 5μm, 8μm or 20μm.

[0041] According to the present invention, the area of ​​the polymer print and / or polymer layer is preferably 10% to 80% of the area of ​​the base material layer, more preferably 20% to 70%, more preferably 25% to 60%, more preferably 30% to 50%, and most preferably 30% to 40%; in some embodiments provided by the present invention, the area of ​​the polymer print and / or polymer layer is specifically 30%, 35% or 40% of the area of ​​the base material layer.

[0042] In the present invention, the preparation method of the composite fabric can be a method well known to those skilled in the art, and there is no special limitation. In the present invention, the polymer print and / or polymer layer is preferably on a composite base material layer in an environment with a humidity of less than 50%, more preferably on a composite base material layer in an environment with a humidity of 20% to 45%, more preferably on a composite base material layer in an environment with a humidity of 25% to 40%, and most preferably on a composite base material layer in an environment with a humidity of 30% to 40%, to obtain a composite fabric.

[0043] The humidity responsive polymer used in the present invention has high hydrophilicity. After absorbing water / water vapor, its macromolecular chain segments can stretch, the molecular chain segments change, and swell, thereby generating greater internal stress and realizing the hygroscopic function. When the polymer is dried, the molecular chain segments can be restored, and the fabric deformation is restored, thereby realizing the intelligent breathable function effect, thereby making the composite fabric of the composite humidity responsive polymer intelligent, able to meet the comfort needs of people in both dry and wet states, and making the hygroscopic function independent of hygroscopic chemical reagents, so that the composite fabric has wear resistance and washability, ensuring the normal use of clothing.

[0044] In order to further illustrate the present invention, a humidity responsive polymer, a waterproof and breathable membrane and a composite fabric provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0045] The reagents used in the following examples are all commercially available.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] (1) A humidity responsive polymer, which is Covestro polyether TPU UE-85AU.

[0048] (2) In an environment where the humidity is controlled at 40%, the polymer is compounded with polyester fabric by printing to obtain a composite fabric, wherein the printed pattern is X-shaped, the area is 30%, and the thickness is 5 μm.

[0049] After the printed fabric is placed in an environment with a humidity greater than 80% for 2 minutes, or after being sprayed with water, the macromolecular chain segments can stretch, the molecular chain segments change, and swell, causing the fabric to deform, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] (1) A humidity responsive polymer, which is Zhejiang Hailide New Material polyether TPU, Polyether-302.

[0052] (2) In an environment where the humidity is controlled at 40%, the polymer is compounded with a polyester-cotton fabric by printing to obtain a composite fabric, wherein the printed pattern is a ○ shape with an area of ​​40% and a thickness of 8 μm.

[0053] After the printed fabric is placed in an environment with a humidity greater than 70% for 2 minutes, or after being sprayed with water, the macromolecular chain segments can stretch, the molecular chain segments change, and swell, causing the fabric to deform and become a 3D structure. After drying, it returns to its original state. Figure 2 shown.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] (1) A humidity responsive polymer, which is Huafeng polyether TPU, 4075A.

[0056] (2) In an environment where the humidity is controlled at 30%, the polymer is made into a membrane material, cut and then compounded with polyester fabric to obtain a composite fabric, which is then laser cut. The polymer membrane material area is 35% and the thickness is 20 μm.

[0057] After the composite fabric is placed in an environment with a humidity greater than 90% for 3 minutes, or after being sprayed with water and moistened, the macromolecular chain segments can stretch, the molecular chain segments change, and swell, causing the fabric to deform and become a 3D structure. After drying, it returns to its original state. Figure 3 shown.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] (1) A humidity responsive polymer, which is Huafeng polyether TPU, 4075A.

[0060] (2) In an environment where the humidity is controlled at 30%, the polymer is made into a membrane material, cut and then composited with polyester fabric to obtain a composite fabric, which is then laser cut into a semicircular shape, wherein the polymer membrane material area is 35% and the thickness is 20 μm.

[0061] After the composite fabric is placed in an environment with a humidity greater than 90% for 3 minutes, or after being sprayed with water and moistened, the macromolecular chain segments can stretch, the molecular chain segments change, and swell, causing the fabric to deform and become a 3D structure. After drying, it returns to its original state. Figure 4 shown.

[0062] Example 5

[0063] (1) A humidity responsive polymer, which is Huafeng polyether TPU, 4075A.

[0064] (2) The polymer is made into a membrane material in an environment with a controlled humidity of 30%, and then cut and compounded with a polyester-cotton fabric to obtain a composite fabric, which is then laser cut into a semicircular shape, wherein the polymer membrane material area is 35% and the thickness is 20 μm.

[0065] After the composite fabric is placed in an environment with a humidity greater than 90% for 3 minutes, or after being sprayed with water and moistened, the macromolecular chain segments can stretch, the molecular chain segments change, and swell, causing the fabric to deform and become a 3D structure. After drying, it returns to its original state. Figure 5 shown.

[0066] Example 6

[0067] (1) A humidity responsive polymer, which is Huafeng polyether TPU, 4075A.

[0068] (2) In an environment where the humidity is controlled at 30%, the polymer is made into a membrane material, cut and then composited with polyester fabric to obtain a composite fabric, which is then laser cut into a flower shape, wherein the polymer membrane material area is 35% and the thickness is 20 μm.

[0069] After the composite fabric is placed in an environment with a humidity greater than 90% for 3 minutes, or after being sprayed with water and moistened, the macromolecular chain segments can stretch, the molecular chain segments change, and swell, causing the fabric to deform and become a 3D structure. After drying, it returns to its original state. Figure 6 shown.

[0070] Example 7

[0071] (1) A humidity responsive polymer, which is Huafeng polyether TPU, 4075A.

[0072] (2) In an environment where the humidity is controlled at 30%, the polymer is made into a membrane material, cut and then composited with a polyester-cotton fabric to obtain a composite fabric, which is then laser cut into a flower shape, wherein the polymer membrane material area is 35% and the thickness is 20 μm.

[0073] After the composite fabric is placed in an environment with a humidity greater than 90% for 3 minutes, or after being sprayed with water and moistened, the macromolecular chain segments can stretch, the molecular chain segments change, and swell, causing the fabric to deform and become a 3D structure. After drying, it returns to its original state. Figure 7 shown.

[0074] Example 8

[0075] (1) A humidity responsive polymer, which is Huafeng polyether TPU, 4075A.

[0076] (2) The polymer is made into a membrane material in an environment with a controlled humidity of 30%, and then cut and compounded with polyester fabric to obtain a composite fabric, which is then laser cut into an X-shaped shape. The polymer membrane material area is 35% and the thickness is 20 μm.

[0077] After the composite fabric is placed in an environment with a humidity greater than 90% for 3 minutes, or after being sprayed with water and moistened, the macromolecular chain segments can stretch, the molecular chain segments change, and swell, causing the fabric to deform and become a 3D structure. After drying, it returns to its original state. Figure 8 shown.

[0078] Example 9

[0079] (1) A humidity responsive polymer, which is Huafeng polyether TPU, 4075A.

[0080] (2) The polymer is made into a membrane material in an environment with a controlled humidity of 30%, and then cut and compounded with a polyester-cotton fabric to obtain a composite fabric, which is then laser cut into an X-shaped shape. The polymer membrane material area is 35% and the thickness is 20 μm.

[0081] After the composite fabric is placed in an environment with a humidity greater than 90% for 3 minutes, or after being sprayed with water and moistened, the macromolecular chain segments can stretch, the molecular chain segments change, and swell, causing the fabric to deform and become a 3D structure. After drying, it returns to its original state. Fig. 9 shown.

[0082] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite fabric, characterized in that: It comprises a base material layer and a polymer print and / or a polymer layer compounded on at least one surface of the base material layer; the polymer print and / or the polymer layer comprises a humidity responsive polymer; the humidity responsive polymer is selected from polyether polyurethane and / or polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

2. The composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyether polyurethane consists of a soft segment and a hard segment; the soft segment is polyether polyol; the hard segment is diisocyanate; and the molar ratio of the soft segment to the hard segment is 1:3.5 to 3:

5.

3. The composite fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The polyether polyol is selected from polyoxypropylene glycol and / or polytetrahydrofuran; the diisocyanate is selected from 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and / or isophorone diisocyanate.

4. The composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is a linear structure formed by alternately connecting soft segments and hard segments; the soft segment is a polyether polyol; the hard segment is a butanediol structure; the soft segment and the hard segment are connected via a diisocyanate structure.

5. The composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The density of the polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is 1.13-1.18 g / cm 3 ; The base material layer is selected from polyester fabrics, polyester-cotton fabrics or silk fabrics.

6. The composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Shore hardness of the humidity responsive polymer is 75-90A.

7. The composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The humidity responsive polymer is selected from one or more of Covestro polyether TPU UE-85AU, Zhejiang Hailide New Material polyether TPU Polyether-302 and Huafeng polyether TPU HF-4075A.

8. The composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the polymer print and / or polymer layer is 5 μm to 30 μm.

9. Use of polyether polyurethane and / or polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer in the preparation of humidity responsive polymer.

10. A waterproof and breathable membrane, characterized in that: The waterproof and breathable membrane is formed by a humidity responsive polymer; the humidity responsive polymer is selected from polyether polyurethane and / or polyether thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

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