Spun silk loose fiber preparation method, yarn, fabric and clothes
By using high color fastness plant dyes and mottled agent complex reinforcement technology, the silk fibers are dyed, which solves the problems of chemical dye pollution and insufficient dye fastness, and achieves low pollution and high color fastness textile dyeing. Meet the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411710139.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-07
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, chemical dyes produce pollution and wastewater waste gas during textile dyeing process, and some intermediates of chemical dyes are toxic, affecting human health, and insufficient dyeing fastness, which cannot meet the requirements for use of clothing.
The silk silk fibers are soaked and dyed with high color fastness plant dyes, and reinforced by complexing and mottled agents, combined with 100% solid color spinning or blended with non-dye dispersed fibers to prepare yarns and fabrics with high color fastness.
It has achieved low pollution and high color fastness plant dyeing, reduced sewage pollution, improved dye fastness, met the use requirements of clothing, and complied with the trend of environmental protection and sustainable development.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of textiles, and more specifically to a method for preparing spun silk loose fibers, yarns, fabrics and clothing. Background Art
[0002] At present, most of the commonly used dyes for coloring silk loose fibers are chemical dyes such as acid dyes or reactive dyes. The pollution and wastewater and waste gas generated during the synthesis, processing, printing and dyeing of dyes are relatively large. In addition, the intermediates of some chemical dyes have different degrees of toxicity and are easy to cause harm to human health. The carcinogenic and allergenic toxicity of some chemical dyes has led to restrictions or even bans on their use in textiles for infants and textiles that come into direct contact with the skin.
[0003] Consumers are paying more and more attention to the comfort of textiles and clothing, as well as their health, especially the color fastness of textiles. With the increase of people's environmental awareness and the pursuit of a healthy lifestyle, more and more people are beginning to pay attention to the environmental friendliness of textiles and clothing, the sewage and air pollution in the processing of textiles and clothing, and the environmental carrying capacity of the earth.
[0004] Domestic and foreign brands are paying attention to the application and development of natural plant dyes. Most of the silk textiles and clothing dyed with conventional plant dyes on the market still have color fastness defects. Some have only 1-2 levels of sunlight fastness; some have serious discoloration after soap washing; which makes them unable to meet the wearing requirements of clothing. Therefore, the development of high color fastness plant-dyed textiles and clothing is in line with the general trend of environmental protection and sustainable development. Summary of the invention
[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing silk loose fibers by dyeing them with high color fastness plant dyes, and then spinning them into 100% pure color yarns or blending them with "undyed loose fibers" into high color fastness yarns, which are then further made into fabrics or seamless underwear, textiles and clothing.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for preparing spun silk loose fibers comprises the following steps: S101, pre-treatment of cleaning and removing impurities from spun silk loose fibers; S102, dyeing the pre-treated loose fibers with plant dyes; S103, after the dyeing is completed, mordant complexing reinforcement is performed; S104, after reinforcement, washing with hot water and water at room temperature, and drying are performed to obtain dyed loose fibers.
[0007] Furthermore, the cleaning and impurity removal pre-treatment includes the following steps: S201, the loose fibers are loaded into the cage and compacted and then hoisted into the dyeing vat of the dyeing machine, the dyeing machine is started and the loose fibers are soaked for 10 minutes, so that the loose fibers are fully soaked to ensure the uniformity of dyeing; S202, add 8 g / L detergent, 1 g / L sodium metasilicate, 2-5 g / L soda ash, and 0.8-3 g / L sodium hydrosulfite, treat at 95°C for 30 minutes, and then discharge the cleaning and impurity removal liquid; S203, change to 85℃ hot water for 30 minutes, then change the water and wash at 50℃ for 20 minutes, then change to 9-20℃ water and wash for 15 minutes.
[0008] Further, the impregnation comprises the steps of: S301. Add 0.5% to 10% of plant dyestuff and 0.5% to 2% of non-ionic penetrant to the loose fiber dyeing vat at 30°C according to the bath ratio of 1:6 to 1:20, and circulate for 15 to 20 minutes to ensure that the loose fiber is fully impregnated; S302, heating the temperature to 75-90°C at a rate of 1.0-1.5°C / min and dyeing for 20-30 min.
[0009] Further, the plant dye comprises Eupatorium adenophorum and / or Curcuma longa plant dye.
[0010] Further, the complex reinforcement comprises the steps of: S401, drain the dyeing working solution after dyeing is completed; S402, add 1% to 3% of the fabric weight (owf) mordant fixing agent into the dye vat at 40℃ according to the bath ratio of 1:6 to 1:20. S403, heating to 70-80°C at a heating rate of 1.0-1.5°C / min for mordanting and fixing for 20-30 minutes.
[0011] Furthermore, the mordant is one or more of rare earth, copper sulfate, and zinc chloride.
[0012] Further, the hot water washing, normal temperature washing and drying process include the steps of: S501, mordant dyeing and complexing are completed, and the mordant dyeing working solution is drained; S502. Add 0.5% to 1% of neutral soaping agent to the fabric weight (owf) into the dyeing vat at 40°C according to the bath ratio of 1:8 to 1:20; S503, heating the temperature to 75-80°C at a heating rate of 2.0-2.5°C / min, and then soaping for 20-30 minutes; S504, changing the water and heating it to 65-70°C for hot water washing, the washing time is 10-15 minutes; S505. After changing the water, wash with room temperature water for 10 minutes and remove from the tank.
[0013] Furthermore, after leaving the cylinder, the fibers are first centrifugally dehydrated and then passed through a crawler dryer for dehydration and drying to obtain loose fibers with high color fastness.
[0014] Furthermore, through the method for preparing silk bulk fibers, the obtained bulk fibers with high color fastness can be blended with undyed bulk fibers to form yarns.
[0015] Furthermore, the obtained yarn is prepared into fabric or woven into clothing through the method for preparing silk loose fibers.
[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The invention utilizes natural dyes such as Eupatorium adenophorum and turmeric, which contain rich flavonoid compounds, curcumin containing phenolic hydroxyl groups, and other active groups, and carries out complex reaction between the dye and rare earth, copper or zinc ions to improve the binding strength of the dye and obtain high color fastness.
[0017] The present invention uses dyes extracted from natural plants to dye silk loose fibers, has low dyeing temperature, short dyeing process, obvious energy-saving and carbon reduction effects, less sewage pollution compared to chemical dyes, and easy to treat organic matter in the sewage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0019] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are directions or positional relationships, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0020] The applicant processed Eupatorium adenophorum and Curcuma longa through the Chinese medicine extraction process to prepare ethanol extracts of plant dyes. Further analysis of the chemical composition of the extracts revealed that the ethanol extract of Eupatorium adenophorum provided by Yunnan has a high content of total flavonoids, a large number of phenolic hydroxyls, strong polarity, and forms stable chelates with various metal complexes; the plant dye Curcuma longa contains diketone colored substances mainly composed of curcumin C21H20O6, and the curcumin molecule contains multiple double bonds, phenolic hydroxyls, and carbonyl groups, so it has strong chemical reactivity and strong coloring power.
[0021] By optimizing the dyeing process, selecting rare earth, copper and zinc-containing metal complex mordants, and observing the complex reaction between the dye and rare earth, copper sulfate and zinc chloride, the complexed rare earth, copper and zinc can improve the color fastness of the dyed loose fibers.
[0022] Yarns with high color fastness can be obtained by spinning 100% loose fiber in pure color or blending with different proportions of "undyed loose fiber", which can be made into various fabrics with high color fastness, and further made into pajamas, underwear, bedding, etc.
[0023] In the method of the present invention, the first step is to perform pretreatment such as washing and removing impurities on the spun silk loose fibers; the second step is to use a high color fastness plant dye to dye the pretreated loose fibers; the third step is to perform mordant complexation reinforcement after the dyeing is completed; the fourth step is to wash with hot water and water at room temperature and dry to obtain loose fibers dyed with high color fastness plant dyes.
[0024] The loose fibers can be spun into 100% pure colors or blended with "undyed loose fibers" to make various yarns. The yarns can be made into various fabrics or directly woven into seamless underwear, or further cut into textiles and clothing. Embodiment 1:
[0025] The method of preparing spun silk loose fibers by using a high color fastness Eupatorium adenophorum plant dye, and further preparing them into yarns, textiles and clothing comprises the following steps: The first step is to clean and remove impurities from the silk loose fibers; The second step is to use the extracted Eupatorium adenophorum dye to dye the treated silk loose fibers; The third step is to use mordant to strengthen after the dyeing is completed; Step 4: Wash with hot water, wash with normal temperature water and then dry to obtain the spun silk loose fiber with high color fastness: Step 5: Spin 100% of the loose fibers to obtain yarn with high color fastness; Step 6: Use the yarn with high color fastness to make knitted fabrics, and then cut the fabrics into knitted underwear; Step 7: Test various indicators to verify that the clothing has achieved high color fastness.
[0026] 1. In the above method, the cleaning and impurity removal pre-treatment method of the spun silk fibers is as follows: After the loose fibers are compacted in the cage, they are hoisted into the dyeing machine. The dyeing machine consists of a dye vat, a dye cage, a main pump, etc. Start the circulating main pump. Under the action of the main pump, the water in the dye vat is sprayed out from the porous core shaft of the dye cage, passes through the fiber layer, and then returns to the circulating main pump, and circulates from the inside to the outside for infiltration. This cycle lasts for 10 minutes; then add 8g / L detergent, 1g / L sodium metasilicate, 5g / L soda ash, 0.8g / L insurance powder, and treat at 95℃ for 30 minutes before discharging; change to 85℃ hot water for 30 minutes, wash at 50℃ for 20 minutes after changing the water, and wash at 9-20℃ normal temperature water for 15 minutes.
[0027] 2. In the above method, the dyeing method of the spun silk loose fibers is as follows: According to the bath ratio of 1:20, 10% Eupatorium adenophorum dye and 0.5% non-ionic penetrant were added into the loose fiber dyeing tank at 25°C and circulated for 20 minutes; the temperature was raised to 75°C at 1.0°C / min and dyed for 30 minutes. After dyeing, the dyeing working solution is drained, and a mordant of 3% of the weight (owf) of the fabric is added at room temperature according to a bath ratio of 1:20 (the mordant is preferably rare earth and copper sulfate mixed in a ratio of 1:5), and mordant dyeing and fixing is carried out for 20 minutes under the condition of heating to 80°C at 1.0°C / min; after mordant dyeing and fixing, the mordant working solution is drained, and the water is changed and heated to 70°C for hot water washing for 20 minutes; after changing the water, a neutral soaping agent of 1% of the weight (owf) of the fabric is added to the dyeing vat at 40°C according to a bath ratio of 1:20, and soaping is carried out for 30 minutes under the condition of heating to 80°C at a heating rate of 2.5°C / min; then the water is changed and heated to 70°C for hot water washing for 15 minutes; after changing the water, wash with room temperature water for 10 minutes and remove from the vat; after removing from the vat, dehydrate and then select a crawler dryer for drying.
[0028] 3. In the above method, the steps are completed to obtain spun silk loose fibers with high color fastness.
[0029] The loose fibers are 100% spun into 120-count silk yarn, which is then made into knitted fabrics, which are then cut and sewn into knitted underwear.
[0030] 4. In the above method, send the knitted underwear to a third-party testing agency to test the relevant color fastness.
[0031] Comparative Example 1: The method of preparing spun silk loose fibers using a high color fastness Eupatorium adenophorum plant dye, and further preparing them into textiles and clothing, is different from that of Example 1 in that: The mordant was changed to alum, and other conditions remained unchanged. Embodiment 2:
[0032] The high color fastness Eupatorium adenophorum plant dye is used to prepare spun silk loose fibers, which are further prepared into textiles and clothing. The preparation method is different from that of Example 1 in that: The mordant was changed to copper sulfate, and other conditions remained unchanged. Embodiment three:
[0033] The high color fastness Eupatorium adenophorum plant dye is used to prepare spun silk loose fibers, which are further prepared into textiles and clothing. The preparation method is different from that of Example 2 in that: The mordant is changed to zinc chloride and copper sulfate mixed in a ratio of 1:3 to form a mordant solution, while other conditions remain unchanged. Embodiment 4:
[0034] A method for preparing spun silk loose fibers using a high color fastness Eupatorium adenophorum plant dye, and further preparing them into textiles and clothing, the preparation method is different from Example 1 in the following aspects: 1. In the above method, the cleaning and impurity removal pre-treatment method of the spun silk fibers is as follows: After the loose fibers are compacted in the cage, circulate for 10 minutes, add 8g / L detergent, 1g / L sodium metasilicate, 2g / L soda ash, 3g / L insurance powder, treat at 95℃ for 30 minutes and then discharge; change to 85℃ hot water for 30 minutes, wash at 50℃ for 20 minutes after changing the water, and wash with cold water for 15 minutes.
[0035] 2. In the above method, the dyeing method of the spun silk loose fibers is as follows: According to the bath ratio of 1:6, 0.5% Eupatorium adenophorum dye and 2% non-ionic penetrant were added into the loose fiber dyeing tank at 30°C and circulated for 15 minutes; the temperature was raised to 90°C at 1.5°C / min and dyed for 20 minutes. After dyeing, the dyeing working solution is drained, and a mordant of 1% of the weight (owf) of the fabric is added at a bath ratio of 1:6 at 40°C (the mordant is preferably zinc chloride and copper sulfate mixed at a ratio of 1:5), and the mordant is fixed for 30 minutes at a temperature of 1.5°C / min to 70°C; after mordant fixing, the mordant working solution is drained, the water is changed and heated to 60°C for hot water washing, and the washing time is 15 minutes; after changing the water, a neutral soaping agent of 0.5% of the weight (owf) of the fabric is added to the dyeing vat at 40°C at a bath ratio of 1:8, and the temperature is increased to 75°C at a heating rate of 2.0°C / min for soap washing for 20 minutes; then the water is changed and heated to 65°C for hot water washing, and the washing time is 10 minutes; after changing the water, wash with room temperature water for 10 minutes, and remove from the vat; after removing from the vat, dehydrate and then select a crawler dryer for drying.
[0036] 3. In the above method, the steps are completed to obtain silk loose fibers with high color fastness.
[0037] The loose fibers are 100% spun into 120-count silk yarn, which is then made into knitted fabrics, which are then cut and sewn into knitted underwear.
[0038] In the above method, the knitted underwear is sent to a third-party testing agency to test the relevant color fastness. Embodiment five:
[0039] The high color fastness Eupatorium adenophorum plant dye is used to prepare spun silk loose fibers, which are further prepared into textiles and clothing. The preparation method is different from that of Example 1 as follows: Dyed silk bulk fibers and undyed silk bulk fibers are blended in a ratio of 30:70 to obtain 120-count silk yarn, which is then made into knitted fabrics, which are then cut and sewn into knitted underwear. The knitted underwear is sent to a third-party testing agency to test the relevant color fastness. Embodiment six:
[0040] The use of high color fastness Eupatorium adenophorum plant dye to prepare spun silk loose fibers, which are further prepared into textiles and clothing, the preparation method is different from that of Example 2 as follows: Dyed silk bulk fibers and undyed silk bulk fibers are blended in a ratio of 70:30 to obtain 120-count silk yarn, which is then made into knitted fabrics, which are then cut and sewn into knitted underwear. The knitted underwear is sent to a third-party testing agency to test the relevant color fastness. Embodiment seven:
[0041] The method of preparing spun silk loose fibers by using turmeric plant dye with high color fastness, and further preparing them into textiles and clothing, comprises the following steps: The first step is to clean and remove impurities from the silk loose fibers; The second step is to use the extracted turmeric dye to dye the treated silk loose fibers; The third step is to use mordant to strengthen after the dyeing is completed; Step 4: Wash with hot water, wash with normal temperature water and then dry to obtain the spun silk loose fiber with high color fastness: Step 5: Spin the loose fibers 100% pure color to obtain yarn with high color fastness; Step 6: Use the yarn with high color fastness to make knitted fabrics, and then cut and sew the fabrics into knitted underwear; Step 7: Test various indicators to verify that the clothing has achieved high color fastness.
[0042] 1. In the above method, what is different from Example 1 is that in the dyeing method of the spun silk loose fiber, turmeric is used as the dye in an amount of 10%; the amount of the mordant remains unchanged at 3%, but zinc chloride and copper sulfate are mixed in a ratio of 1:5.
[0043] 2. In the above method, what is different from Example 1 is that the loose fiber is spun into 100% pure color silk yarn of 210 denier, the yarn is then made into knitted fabric, and the fabric is further cut and sewn into knitted underwear; the knitted underwear is sent to a third-party testing agency to test the relevant color fastness.
[0044] Comparative Example 2: The spun silk fibers were prepared by using turmeric plant dyes, and further prepared into textiles and clothing. The preparation method was different from that in Example 7 in that: The mordant was changed to alum, and other conditions remained unchanged. Embodiment eight:
[0045] The spun silk fibers were prepared by using the high color fastness turmeric plant dye, and further prepared into textiles and clothing. The preparation method was different from that of Example 7 in that: The mordant was changed to copper sulfate, and other conditions remained unchanged. Embodiment nine:
[0046] The spun silk fibers were prepared by using the high color fastness turmeric plant dye, and further prepared into textiles and clothing. The preparation method was different from that of Example 7 in that: The mordant was changed to zinc chloride, and other conditions remained unchanged. Embodiment ten:
[0047] The spun silk fibers were prepared by using the high color fastness turmeric plant dye, and further prepared into textiles and clothing. The preparation method was different from that of Example 7 in that: Dyed silk bulk fibers and undyed silk bulk fibers are blended in a 50:50 ratio to obtain 210-count silk yarn, which is then made into knitted fabrics, which are then cut and sewn into knitted underwear. The knitted underwear is sent to a third-party testing agency to test the relevant color fastness.
[0048] Embodiment eleven: The spun silk fibers were prepared by using the high color fastness turmeric plant dye, and further prepared into textiles and clothing. The preparation method was different from that of Example 7 in that: Dyed silk bulk fibers and undyed silk bulk fibers are blended in a ratio of 70:30 to obtain 210-count silk yarn, which is then made into knitted fabrics, which are then cut and sewn into knitted underwear. The knitted underwear is sent to a third-party testing agency to test the relevant color fastness.
[0049] Embodiment 12: The spun silk fibers were prepared by using the high color fastness turmeric plant dye, and further prepared into textiles and clothing. The preparation method was different from that of Example 7 in that: Dyed silk bulk fibers and undyed silk bulk fibers are blended in a ratio of 30:70 to obtain 210-count silk yarn, which is then made into knitted fabrics, which are then cut and sewn into knitted underwear. The knitted underwear is sent to a third-party testing agency to test the relevant color fastness.
[0050]
[0051] According to the comparative test of the embodiment, when alum is used as the mordant, the color fastness is poor; when rare earth and copper and zinc-containing mordants are used, the color fastness meets the standard. The color fastness can be significantly improved by mixing dyed loose fibers and undyed loose fibers in a certain proportion.
[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Common changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing spun silk bulk fibers, characterized in that: Includes steps: S101, pre-treatment of cleaning and removing impurities from spun silk loose fibers; S102, dyeing the pre-treated loose fibers with plant dyes; S103, after the dyeing is completed, mordant complex reinforcement is performed; S104, after reinforcement, washing with hot water and water at room temperature, and drying are performed to obtain dyed loose fibers.
2. The method for preparing spun silk bulk fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning and impurity removal pre-treatment comprises the following steps: S201, the loose fibers are compacted in a cage and hoisted into a dyeing vat of a dyeing machine, the dyeing machine is started and the loose fibers are soaked for 10 minutes; S202, add 8 g / L detergent, 1 g / L sodium metasilicate, 2-5 g / L soda ash, 0.8-3 g / L hydrosulfite, treat at 95°C for 30 minutes and then drain the liquid; S203, change to 85℃ hot water for 30 minutes, wash at 50℃ for 20 minutes after changing the water, and then change to 9-20℃ water for 15 minutes.
3. The method for preparing spun silk bulk fibers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The impregnation comprises the steps of: S301. Add 0.5% to 10% of plant dyestuff and 0.5% to 2% of non-ionic penetrant to the fabric weight (owf) in a bulk fiber dyeing vat at 30°C in a bath ratio of 1:6 to 1:20, and circulate for 15 to 20 minutes; S302, heating the temperature to 75-90°C at a rate of 1.0-1.5°C / min and dyeing for 20-30 min.
4. A method for preparing silk bulk fibers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plant dyes include Eupatorium adenophorum and / or Curcuma longa plant dyes.
5. A method for preparing silk bulk fibers according to claim 1, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The complex reinforcement comprises the steps of: S401, drain the dyeing working solution after dyeing is completed; S402, add 1% to 3% of the mordant fixing agent to the fabric weight (owf) in the dyeing vat at 40°C according to the bath ratio of 1:6 to 1:20; S403, heating to 70-80°C at a heating rate of 1.0-1.5°C / min for mordanting and fixing for 20-30 minutes.
6. A method for preparing silk bulk fibers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mordant is one or more of rare earth, copper sulfate and zinc chloride.
7. A method for preparing spun silk bulk fibers according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hot water washing, normal temperature washing and drying process comprises the following steps: S501, mordant dyeing and complexing are completed, and the mordant dyeing working solution is drained; S502. Add 0.5% to 1% of neutral soaping agent to the fabric weight (owf) into the dyeing vat at 40°C according to the bath ratio of 1:8 to 1:20; S503, heating the temperature to 75-80°C at a heating rate of 2.0-2.5°C / min, and soaping for 20-30 minutes; S504, changing the water and heating it to 65-70°C for hot water washing, the washing time is 10-15 minutes; S505. After changing the water, wash with room temperature water for 10 minutes and remove from the tank.
8. The method for preparing silk bulk fibers according to claim 7, characterized in that: After leaving the cylinder, it is first centrifugally dehydrated and then passed through a crawler dryer for dehydration and drying to obtain loose fibers with high color fastness.
9. A method for preparing spun silk bulk fibers according to claim 8, characterized in that: The obtained high color fastness bulk fiber or blending with undyed bulk fiber to make yarn.
10. A method for preparing silk bulk fibers according to claim 9, characterized in that: The obtained yarn is prepared into fabric or woven into clothing.