Electronic filter and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an electronic filter and electronic equipment, the electronic filter is provided with a light filtering area and comprises at least one liquid crystal assembly which is arranged in a stacked mode in the first direction, and the liquid crystal assembly comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer and a plurality of shading supporting structures. The first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged in the first direction, the liquid crystal layer is located between the two substrates, and the shading supporting structures are distributed between the two substrates at intervals. The density of the shading support structure in the filtering area is within a target density range. The shading supporting structure comprises a first spacer and a first shading layer, the first shading layer is located on the side, close to the first substrate or the second substrate, of the first spacer, and the orthographic projection of the first spacer on the first substrate is located in the orthographic projection range of the first shading layer on the first substrate. The size of the first light shielding layer in the second direction is within the target size range, the unilateral difference between the first light shielding layer and the first spacer is larger than or equal to 2.5 micrometers in the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical technology, and in particular to an electronic filter and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] Electronic filters are widely used in real-life scenarios such as smart car windows and building glass. They will also be used in new application scenarios such as high-end drones and smart robot dogs in the future, and their prospects are unlimited. However, under normal indoor light sources, the screen of the electronic filter will have visible pitting defects. If the size of the first light-shielding layer is reduced to reduce the pitting defects, glare will easily occur, and the lack of support from the spacers will cause uneven filtering (Gap Mura). Not only will it be impossible to obtain a high-quality and clear picture, but the picture quality will even be seriously damaged. In high-end products, in order to obtain a better display picture, a low-reflective cover is used, which will aggravate the pitting defects. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an electronic filter and electronic equipment, which can improve the glare and improve the uniformity of light filtering while improving the pitting. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided an electronic filter having a filter area, wherein the electronic filter comprises at least one liquid crystal component, wherein the liquid crystal component is stacked along a first direction, wherein the liquid crystal component comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate, which are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction; a liquid crystal layer, which is located between the first substrate and the second substrate; a plurality of shading support structures, which are spaced apart between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the density of the shading support structures in the filter area is within a target density range; the shading support structure comprises a first spacer and a first shading layer which is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first spacer, wherein the first shading layer is located on a side of the first spacer close to the first substrate or on a side of the first spacer close to the second substrate, wherein an orthographic projection of the first spacer on the first substrate is within the range of an orthographic projection of the first shading layer on the first substrate, wherein a size of the first shading layer along the second direction is within a target size range, wherein a single-sided difference between the first shading layer and the first spacer along the second direction is greater than or equal to 2.5 μm, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0005] In some embodiments, the target size ranges from 10 μm to 50 μm.

[0006] In some embodiments, the target size ranges from 25 μm to 50 μm.

[0007] In some embodiments, the liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules, and an absolute value of a difference between a light absorbance value of the first light shielding layer and a light absorbance value of the dye molecules is less than or equal to 0.5.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first spacer is a black spacer.

[0009] In some embodiments, the electronic filter includes two liquid crystal components, and the two liquid crystal components are stacked in a manner that the first substrate of one of the liquid crystal components is bonded to the second substrate of the other liquid crystal component.

[0010] In some embodiments, the light-shielding support structures of the two liquid crystal components are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction, and the first light-shielding layer is arranged on a side of the first spacer away from the bonding surface.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer gradually increases or decreases along a direction approaching the bonding surfaces of the two liquid crystal components.

[0012] In some embodiments, a cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer gradually increases or decreases along the first direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first light shielding layer is disposed on a side of the first spacer close to the second substrate, and an end surface of the first spacer close to the first substrate is an arc-shaped surface.

[0014] In some embodiments, a cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer gradually increases along the first direction.

[0015] In some embodiments, the light-shielding support structures of the two liquid crystal assemblies are staggered along the first direction.

[0016] A second aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a cover plate and an electronic filter, wherein the electronic filter is the electronic filter described above, and the electronic filter is arranged on the inner side of the cover plate.

[0017] In some embodiments, the electronic filter and the cover are bonded by frame glue, and the frame glue is distributed circumferentially on the outer edge of the electronic filter facing the cover; the reflectivity of the cover is less than 4%, the target size of the first shading layer is 10μm-25μm, and the size of the first spacer along the second direction is 5-20μm.

[0018] In some embodiments, the electronic filter and the cover plate are bonded to each other with double-sided tape; the reflectivity of the cover plate is less than 4%, the target size of the first shading layer is 45μm-50μm, and the size of the first spacer along the second direction is 35-45μm.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application:

[0020] The electronic filter and electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application are used to support the first substrate and the second substrate by setting a shading support structure between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the shading support structure is located within the target density range to ensure the support strength of the liquid crystal component. The density of the shading support structure in the filter area refers to the proportion of the shading support structure in the filter area, that is, the ratio of the area of ​​the shading support structure along the second direction to the area of ​​the filter area. The shading support structure includes a one-to-one corresponding first shading layer and a first spacer. The size of the first shading layer along the second direction is larger than the first spacer, and the unilateral difference between the two is greater than or equal to 2.5μm, so that the first shading layer can better block the first spacer, reduce the probability of light leakage of the first spacer, so as to improve the glare and reduce the pitting. This is because when the glare is reduced, the appearance of the pitting is darker, which can reduce the degree of the pitting, and achieve the effect of improving the pitting. On the other hand, the color of the first shading layer itself is closer to the color of the liquid crystal component, and it is not easy to have pitting. The size of the first shading layer along the second direction is within the target size range. The larger the size of the first light shielding layer along the second direction, the better the light shielding effect of the first light shielding layer, and the lighter the glare of the electronic filter. However, if the size of the first light shielding layer along the second direction is too large, it will affect the light transmittance of the electronic filter and the image quality. Therefore, the size of the first light shielding layer along the second direction is set within the target size range and meets the need to block the first spacer, which can improve the glare defect and the pitting defect at the same time.

[0021] Of course, implementing any product or method of the present application does not necessarily require achieving all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the electronic filter provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 The second structural diagram of the electronic filter provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 One of the structural distribution diagrams of the light-shielding support structure in the light filtering area provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the first spacer and the first light shielding layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 One of the state schematic diagrams of the electronic filter provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 The second state diagram of the electronic filter provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 The third structural diagram of the electronic filter provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 A fourth structural diagram of the electronic filter provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig. 9 A fifth structural diagram of the electronic filter provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig.10 The sixth structural diagram of the electronic filter provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig.11 The seventh structural diagram of the electronic filter provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig.12 This is the eighth structural schematic diagram of the electronic filter provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0035] The reference numerals are as follows: liquid crystal component 1; first substrate 11; second substrate 12; liquid crystal layer 13; light shielding support structure 14; first spacer 141; first light shielding layer 142; filter area A; single-side difference a; first direction X; second direction Y. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the present application belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the electronic filter provided in the embodiment of the present application has a filter area A, which refers to an area capable of adjusting and controlling the transmittance of light. When the electronic filter is applied to fields such as photography, the filter area A refers to an area for adjusting light to affect the final image display effect.

[0038] The electronic filter includes at least one liquid crystal component 1, and the liquid crystal components 1 are stacked along a first direction X. The electronic filter may include one liquid crystal component 1, or may include multiple liquid crystal components 1, and the multiple liquid crystal components 1 may be bonded together by optical adhesive (OCA) so that the multiple liquid crystal components 1 are stacked along the first direction X. The number of liquid crystal components 1 may be set according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this. Figure 1 As shown, the electronic filter includes only one liquid crystal component 1, such as Figure 2 As shown, the electronic filter includes two liquid crystal components 1.

[0039] Each liquid crystal assembly 1 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12, a liquid crystal layer 13, and a plurality of light shielding support structures 14. The first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are arranged opposite to each other along a first direction X. The liquid crystal layer 13 is located between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. The plurality of light shielding support structures 14 are distributed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 at intervals, and the density of the light shielding support structures 14 in the filter area A is within the target density range, such as Figure 3 As shown. Figure 3 It can be seen that within a unit area, the shading support structure 14 can be evenly distributed in an array, so that the substrate is more evenly stressed, thereby enhancing the stability of the overall structure of the electronic filter. Of course, the shading support structure 14 can also be randomly distributed, that is, the distribution of the shading support structure 14 is still relatively uniform overall, but it is randomly distributed at the microscopic level, so as to ensure the stability of the overall structure of the electronic filter while further improving the glare problem.

[0040] The light-shielding support structure 14 includes a first spacer 141 and a first light-shielding layer 142 which is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first spacer 141. The first light-shielding layer 142 may be a structure having a light-shielding effect such as a black matrix. The first light-shielding layer 142 is located on the side of the first spacer 141 close to the first substrate 11 or on the side of the first spacer 141 close to the second substrate 12. The orthographic projection of the first spacer 141 on the first substrate 11 is located within the range of the orthographic projection of the first light-shielding layer 142 on the first substrate 11. The size of the first light-shielding layer 142 along the second direction Y is within the target size range. Along the second direction Y, the unilateral difference a between the first light-shielding layer 142 and the first spacer 141 is greater than or equal to 2.5 μm. The second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X. The unilateral difference a between the first light-shielding layer 142 and the first spacer 141 is greater than or equal to 2.5 μm, that is, the outer edge of the first light-shielding layer 142 exceeds the outer edge of the first spacer 141 by a distance greater than or equal to 2.5 μm. Figure 4 shown.

[0041] In this embodiment, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are conductive substrates. For example, the first substrate 11 may include a first substrate and a first conductive layer provided on the side of the first substrate close to the second substrate 12. The second substrate 12 may include a second substrate and a second conductive layer provided on the side of the second substrate close to the first substrate 11. The first substrate and the second substrate may be transparent substrates, such as glass substrates, etc. The first conductive layer and the second conductive layer may be transparent electrodes, such as ITO, etc.

[0042] The liquid crystal layer 13 is located between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. The liquid crystal layer 13 includes liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules. The liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules are oriented under the action of the electric field to control the light transmittance. The liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules interact with each other and jointly affect the light transmittance and polarization. When a voltage is applied, Figure 5 As shown in Figure 1, the electric field causes the liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules to rearrange, allowing light to pass through, and the electronic filter becomes transparent and appears white. When the voltage is removed, Figure 6 As shown, the dye molecules and liquid crystal molecules return to their original arrangement, the liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules of the two liquid crystal components are perpendicular to each other, the light is absorbed, and the electronic filter becomes opaque and black. By adjusting the intensity of the electric field, the rotation angle of the liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the transmittance of light, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the rotation angles of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules can be between Figure 5 and Figure 6 between.

[0043] A light shielding support structure 14 is provided between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 to support the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and the light shielding support structure 14 is located within the target density range to ensure the support strength of the liquid crystal component 1. The density of the light shielding support structure 14 in the filter area A refers to the proportion of the light shielding support structure 14 in the filter area A, that is, the ratio of the area of ​​the light shielding support structure 14 along the second direction Y to the area of ​​the filter area A. The light shielding support structure 14 includes a first light shielding layer 142 and a first spacer 141 corresponding to each other. The size of the first light shielding layer 142 along the second direction Y is larger than that of the first spacer 141, and the single-sided difference a of the two is greater than or equal to 2.5 μm, so that the first light shielding layer 142 can better shield the first spacer 141, reduce the probability of light leakage of the first spacer 141, and reduce the pitting defect while improving the glare defect. This is because when the glare is reduced, the pitting is darker, which can reduce the degree of the pitting, thereby improving the pitting. On the other hand, the color of the first light shielding layer 142 is closer to the color of the liquid crystal component 1, and pitting is less likely to occur.

[0044] The size of the first light shielding layer 142 along the second direction Y is within the target size range. The larger the size of the first light shielding layer 142 along the second direction Y, the better the light shielding effect of the first light shielding layer 142, and the lighter the glare of the electronic filter. However, if the size of the first light shielding layer 142 along the second direction Y is too large, it will affect the light transmittance of the electronic filter and the image quality. Therefore, the size of the first light shielding layer 142 along the second direction Y is set within the target size range and meets the need to shield the first spacer 141, which can improve the glare defect and the pit defect at the same time.

[0045] It should be noted that the structures of the plurality of light-shielding support structures 14 may be the same or different. The sizes of the plurality of light-shielding support structures 14 along the second direction Y may be the same or different.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the center of the first light shielding layer 142 and the center of the first spacer 141 are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction X, that is, the central axis of the first spacer 141 coincides with the central axis of the first light shielding layer 142. The first spacer 141 is arranged at the center of the first light shielding layer 142, which can effectively prevent light leakage from the first spacer 141 and further improve glare.

[0047] It should be noted that the shading support structure 14 may also include a second spacer (not shown in the figure) and a second shading layer (not shown in the figure), and the second shading layer and the second spacer are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The second spacer is spaced apart from the first spacer 141. The difference between the second spacer and the first spacer 141 is only that the height along the first direction X is different. The height of the second spacer is smaller than that of the first spacer 141. Therefore, the first spacer 141 can also be called the main spacer, and the second spacer can also be called the auxiliary spacer. The auxiliary spacer can play a role in the event that the main spacer fails.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the target size range is 10 μm-50 μm, for example, it can be 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, 50 μm, etc.

[0049] The target size of the first light shielding layer 142 along the second direction Y can be changed as the size of the first spacer 141 along the second direction Y changes. When the support strength of the first spacer 141 meets the requirements and the unilateral difference a between the first light shielding layer 142 and the first spacer 141 in the second direction Y is greater than or equal to 2.5 μm, the size of the first light shielding layer 142 is less than or equal to 25 μm, which makes it easier to avoid pitting defects because the size of the first light shielding layer 142 is smaller than the range recognized by the human eye. Even if there is a color difference between the first light shielding layer 142 and the dye molecules, it will not be captured because it is smaller than the range recognized by the human eye, so pitting defects will not occur. In addition, even if the size of the first shading layer 142 is greater than 25 μm, which exceeds the recognition range of the human eye, since the unilateral difference a between the first shading layer 142 and the first spacer 141 along the second direction Y is greater than or equal to 2.5 μm, the first spacer 141 has a better shielding effect, which can reduce the light leakage rate of the first spacer 141 and make the appearance of the pits darker, thereby reducing the degree of visibility of the pitting defect.

[0050] Optionally, in order to improve the supporting effect of the shading support structure 14 on the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 and improve the mechanical strength of the electronic filter, the size of the first spacer 141 along the second direction Y can be increased, and the target size of the first light shielding layer 142 along the second direction Y can be increased. The target size range of the first light shielding layer 142 can be 25μm-50μm, such as 25μm, 30μm, 35μm, 40μm, 45μm, 50μm, etc. The size of the first spacer 141 along the second direction Y can be 20μm-45μm, as long as the unilateral difference a between the two is greater than or equal to 2.5μm. In this way, the supporting effect of the shading support structure 14 on the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 can be ensured, and the shielding effect of the first light shielding layer 142 on the first spacer 141 can be ensured, and the glare is improved. And because the glare is improved, the brightness of the appearance of the pits can be reduced, thereby reducing the degree of appearance of the pits, and achieving the effect of improving the pits.

[0051] In order to further improve the pitting defect, the absolute value of the difference between the absorbance (OD) value of the first light shielding layer 142 and the absorbance value of the dye molecule can be reduced. Optionally, the absolute value of the difference between the light absorbance value of the first light shielding layer 142 and the absorbance value of the dye molecule is less than or equal to 0.5. For example, the absolute value of the difference between the absorbance values ​​of the two can be 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, etc. The optical density value is a measure of the optical properties of a substance, which is used to describe the degree to which light is absorbed when passing through a substance. It is measured by comparing the input light with the remaining light after penetrating the substance. When the absorbance values ​​of the two are within 0.5, the appearance is basically the same and will not cause color difference, so the purpose of further improving the pitting defect can be achieved.

[0052] Optionally, the first spacer 141 is a black spacer, for example, a spacer made of a black resin material or a mixture of a black matrix and a common spacer. In this way, after the external light enters the electronic filter, it will be absorbed by the first light shielding layer 142 and the black spacer, and the light reflected from the electronic filter to the human eye will be greatly reduced, so that the glare problem can be better improved.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 As shown, the electronic filter includes two liquid crystal components 1 , and the two liquid crystal components 1 are stacked in a manner that a first substrate 11 of one liquid crystal component 1 is bonded to a second substrate 12 of the other liquid crystal component 1 .

[0054] The electronic filter includes two liquid crystal components 1, which can improve the light transmittance, and can achieve a wider range of transmittance under low voltage conditions. For example, when there is only one liquid crystal component 1, the voltage needs to reach 50V to have a transmittance of 10%-60%, while when there are two liquid crystal components 1, the voltage only needs to be 10V to have a transmittance of 10%-60%, which can greatly reduce power consumption. However, an increase in the number of stacked liquid crystal components 1 will lead to an increase in the thickness of the electronic filter, so the specific design of the number of liquid crystal components 1 can be determined according to actual conditions.

[0055] When there are two liquid crystal components 1, the first light shielding layer 142 is generally arranged on the side of the first spacer 141 away from the bonding surface of the two liquid crystal components 1, that is, the first spacer 141 is arranged on the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 on the outside. In this way, the first light shielding layer 142 is located at the outermost side of the electronic filter to reduce the amount of external light entering the electronic filter, thereby helping to improve glare. In addition, the above arrangement makes the electronic filter composed of two liquid crystal components 1 have no front and back distinction. When installed in an electronic device, there is no need to distinguish, which is conducive to improving assembly efficiency and there is no possibility of reverse installation.

[0056] The first spacer 141 may be a conventional columnar structure without tapering change, or a columnar structure with tapering change.

[0057] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer 141 gradually increases or decreases along the direction approaching the bonding surface of the two liquid crystal components 1 . Figure 7 The cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer 141 gradually increases along the direction approaching the bonding surfaces of the two liquid crystal components 1 . Figure 8The cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer 141 gradually decreases along the direction close to the bonding surface of the two liquid crystal components 1. The cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer 141 refers to the cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer 141 along the second direction Y. The concept of the cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer 141 is the same as this. Figure 7 , Figure 8 It can be seen that when external light is irradiated to the first light shielding layer 142, it will be absorbed by the first light shielding layer 142, that is, the reflected light shown by the dotted line does not exist. When light with a smaller incident angle is irradiated to the second layer of the light shielding support structure 14, the reflected light will be blocked by the first light shielding layer 142 ( Figure 7 , Figure 8 The third light ray from the left in the figure) is reflected only by the leftmost light ray.

[0058] The cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer 141 gradually increases or decreases along the direction of the bonding surface close to the two liquid crystal components 1, that is, the first spacer 141 is a columnar structure with a tapered change, and the tapered change rules of the first spacer 141 of the two liquid crystal components 1 along the first direction X are opposite. Take the example that the cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer 141 gradually increases along the direction close to the bonding surface of the two liquid crystal components 1, that is, the end with a smaller tapered surface is located on both sides of the bonding surface, respectively contacting the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. The tapered change structure of the first spacer 141 can increase the support strength of the first spacer 141 to a certain extent, and the side with a tapered change makes the reflected light more divergent, which can effectively improve glare and pitting.

[0059] At the same time, the shading support structures 14 of the two liquid crystal components 1 are arranged relatively along the first direction X. The first shading layer 142 can not only block the light reflected by the first spacer 141 matched with it, but also block the light reflected by the first spacer 141 of the other liquid crystal component 1, thereby improving the shading effect of the first shading layer 142 on any first spacer 141 and further improving the glare problem.

[0060] In other embodiments, Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer 141 gradually increases or decreases along the first direction X. Fig. 9 The cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer 141 gradually increases along the first direction X. Fig.10 The cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer 141 gradually decreases along the first direction X.

[0061] The cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer 141 gradually increases or decreases, that is, the first spacer 141 is a columnar structure with a tapered change, and the tapered change rules of the first spacers 141 of the two liquid crystal assemblies 1 are the same along the first direction X. Take the example that the cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer 141 gradually decreases along the first direction X, that is, the end with a smaller cone surface is located in contact with the first substrate 11. The tapered change structure of the first spacer 141 can increase the support strength of the first spacer 141 to a certain extent, and the side with a tapered change makes the reflected light more divergent, which can effectively improve glare and pitting.

[0062] At the same time, the shading support structures 14 of the two liquid crystal components 1 are arranged relatively along the first direction X. The first shading layer 142 can not only block the light reflected by the first spacer 141 matched with it, but also block the light reflected by the first spacer 141 of the other liquid crystal component 1, thereby improving the shading effect of the first shading layer 142 on any first spacer 141 and further improving the glare problem.

[0063] Of course, the location of the first light shielding layer 142 is not limited thereto. Fig.11 , Fig.12 As shown, the first light shielding layer 142 is disposed on a side of the first spacer 141 close to the second substrate 12 , and the end surface of the first spacer 141 close to the first substrate 11 is a curved surface.

[0064] In this embodiment, the end surface of the first spacer 141 close to the first substrate 11 is an arc-shaped surface, and the arc-shaped surface makes the reflected light more divergent, which can improve glare and pitting. The first light shielding layer 142 is arranged on the side of the first spacer 141 close to the second substrate 12. The surface of the first light shielding layer 142 is far away from the first substrate 11. The first light shielding layer 142 itself reflects very little light, and some of the reflected light will pass through the first spacer 141 again. On the one hand, the energy of the reflected light is consumed, and on the other hand, the light reflected by the first spacer 141 will also become divergent, thereby improving glare and pitting.

[0065] Alternatively, if Fig.11 , Fig.12 As shown, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer 141 gradually increases along the first direction X. That is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the side of the first spacer 141 close to the first substrate 11 is larger. In this way, the end surface of the first spacer 141 close to the first substrate 11 has a more obvious divergent effect on the external light, and is conducive to increasing the supporting strength of the first spacer 141, thereby improving the mechanical strength of the electronic filter, thereby improving the anti-deformation ability of the electronic filter.

[0066] like Fig.12As shown, the light-shielding support structures 14 of the two liquid crystal assemblies 1 are arranged in a staggered manner along the first direction X.

[0067] In this embodiment, the light-shielding support structures 14 are arranged in a staggered manner, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the mechanical strength of the electronic filter.

[0068] Optionally, the target density range of the shading support structure 14 can be 0.0013619%-0.0022988%. The density of the shading support structure 14 in the filter area A can be greater than 0.0013619% and less than or equal to 0.0022988%, thereby improving glare and increasing support strength.

[0069] The density of the light-shielding support structure 14 in the electronic filter of the related art is generally not more than 0.0013619%, and the support strength test is 5-10kgf. This is based on the following principle: the target density of the light-shielding support structure 14 increases, which is equivalent to more targets that cause glare, which will increase the risk of causing glare. However, the method of enlarging the unilateral difference a between the first light-shielding layer 142 and the first spacer 141 in the present application can effectively reduce the glare caused by the reflection of the first spacer 141. Therefore, when the density of the light-shielding support structure 14 is 0.0022988%, its density increases by 1.69 times, which does not increase the glare. The support strength of the light-shielding support structure 14 is greatly improved from 5-10kgf to 15kgf, which meets the use requirements.

[0070] The second aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, which is not limited to a camera, a drone, an intelligent mechanical dog, a display screen, a mobile phone, a computer, etc. The electronic device comprises: a cover plate and the electronic filter described above, wherein the electronic filter is arranged on the inner side of the cover plate.

[0071] In this embodiment, the cover is arranged on the outside of the electronic filter, which is conducive to protecting the electronic filter. The electronic device includes an electronic filter. For a device with a shooting function, the electronic filter of the electronic device can help correct distortion, reduce dark corners and enhance tolerance, making the photo clearer and richer in layers. For a device with a special display function, the electronic filter can filter light in a specific direction to achieve an anti-peeping function, etc.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present application, the electronic filter is bonded to the cover plate by means of frame glue, and the frame glue is circumferentially distributed on the outer edge of the electronic filter facing the cover plate; the reflectivity of the cover plate is less than 4%, the target size of the first shading layer 142 is 10μm-25μm, and the size of the first spacer 141 along the second direction Y is 5-20μm.

[0073] In the present embodiment, the electronic filter and the cover plate are bonded together by frame glue, that is, the cover plate and the electronic filter are in contact only at the bonding positions on the four edges, and the remaining positions are not in contact with the electronic filter. Therefore, the cover plate will not generate pressure on the middle area of ​​the electronic filter, thereby preventing the electronic filter from being squeezed and deformed due to the contact between the two, thereby ensuring the filtering function of the electronic filter.

[0074] The reflectivity of the cover plate is less than 4%, that is, the cover plate can be an ordinary low-reflection cover plate or an ultra-low-reflection cover plate. The size of the first spacer 141 along the second direction Y can be 10μm-25μm, and the size of the first spacer 141 along the second direction Y can be 5-20μm. It is sufficient to ensure that the unilateral difference a between the two is greater than or equal to 2.5μm. In this way, the supporting effect of the shading support structure 14 on the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 can be ensured, and the shielding effect of the first shading layer 142 on the first spacer 141 can be ensured, thereby improving the glare. And because the glare is improved, the appearance brightness of the pits can be reduced, thereby reducing the degree of appearance of the pits, thereby achieving the effect of improving the pits.

[0075] In other embodiments, the reflectivity of the cover is less than 4%, that is, the cover can be a common low-reflection cover or an ultra-low-reflection cover. The electronic filter and the cover are bonded to each other through double-sided adhesive; the target size of the first light shielding layer 142 is 45μm-50μm, and the size of the first spacer 141 along the second direction Y is 35μm-45μm.

[0076] In this embodiment, the cover plate is bonded to the entire surface of the electronic filter, which is beneficial to improve the bonding strength between the cover plate and the electronic filter. The target size of the first light-shielding layer 142 is expanded to 45μm-50μm, and the size of the first spacer 141 is expanded to 35μm-45μm, which is beneficial to improve the support strength of the light-shielding support structure 14 for the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and can better resist the deformation of the electronic filter caused by the pressure of the cover plate. By ensuring the shielding effect of the first light-shielding layer 142 on the first spacer 141, it is beneficial to improve the glare. And because the glare is improved, the brightness of the appearance of the pitting can be reduced, thereby reducing the degree of appearance of the pitting, and achieving the effect of improving the pitting.

[0077] It should be noted that the cover plate may also be a cover plate with ultra-low reflectivity. The use of an ultra-low reflectivity cover plate can greatly reduce the glare of the electronic filter.

[0078] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0079] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application are included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electronic filter, characterized in that: The electronic filter has a light filtering area, the electronic filter includes at least one liquid crystal component, the liquid crystal component is stacked along a first direction, and the liquid crystal component includes: A first substrate and a second substrate are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction; a liquid crystal layer, located between the first substrate and the second substrate; A plurality of light-shielding support structures are spaced and distributed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the density of the light-shielding support structures in the light filtering area is within a target density range; The shading support structure includes a first spacer and a first shading layer arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first spacer, the first shading layer is located on the side of the first spacer close to the first substrate or on the side of the first spacer close to the second substrate, the orthographic projection of the first spacer on the first substrate is located within the range of the orthographic projection of the first shading layer on the first substrate, the size of the first shading layer along the second direction is within the target size range, along the second direction, the single-sided difference between the first shading layer and the first spacer is greater than or equal to 2.5μm, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

2. The electronic filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target size range is 10 μm-50 μm.

3. The electronic filter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The target size range is 25 μm-50 μm.

4. The electronic filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules, and the absolute value of the difference between the light absorbance value of the first light shielding layer and the light absorbance value of the dye molecules is less than or equal to 0.

5.

5. The electronic filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spacer is a black spacer.

6. The electronic filter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The electronic filter includes two liquid crystal components, and the two liquid crystal components are stacked in a manner that the first substrate of one of the liquid crystal components is bonded to the second substrate of the other liquid crystal component.

7. The electronic filter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The light-shielding support structures of the two liquid crystal components are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction, and the first light-shielding layer is arranged on a side of the first spacer away from the bonding surface.

8. The electronic filter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer gradually increases or decreases along the direction approaching the bonding surfaces of the two liquid crystal components.

9. The electronic filter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer gradually increases or decreases along the first direction.

10. The electronic filter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first light shielding layer is arranged on a side of the first spacer close to the second substrate, and an end surface of the first spacer close to the first substrate is an arc-shaped surface.

11. The electronic filter according to claim 10, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first spacer gradually increases along the first direction.

12. The electronic filter according to claim 10, characterized in that: The light-shielding support structures of the two liquid crystal assemblies are staggered along the first direction.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: Cover plate; An electronic filter, wherein the electronic filter is the electronic filter described in any one of claims 1 to 12, and the electronic filter is arranged on the inner side of the cover.

14. The electronic device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The electronic filter and the cover plate are bonded by means of a frame glue, and the frame glue is distributed along the circumferential direction on the outer edge of the electronic filter facing the cover plate; The reflectivity of the cover plate is less than 4%, the target size of the first light-shielding layer is 10 μm-25 μm, and the size of the first spacer along the second direction is 5-20 μm.

15. The electronic device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The electronic filter and the cover plate are bonded to each other via double-sided adhesive tape. The reflectivity of the cover plate is less than 4%, the target size of the first light shielding layer is 45 μm-50 μm, and the size of the first spacer along the second direction is 35-45 μm.

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