Travelling wave tube high-frequency assembly and assembling method thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a traveling wave tube high-frequency assembly and an assembling method thereof, the traveling wave tube high-frequency assembly comprises a traveling wave tube high-frequency assembly, the high-frequency assembly comprises a composite tube shell and an all-metal slow wave structure arranged in the composite tube shell, the composite tube shell comprises an electron gun welding disc, a pole shoe, a spacer ring and a collector welding disc, and the electron gun welding disc, the pole shoe and the spacer ring are brazed together. The all-metal slow-wave structure is composed of a plurality of radial sub-cavities, and the radial sub-cavities are fixed in the composite tube shell through high-temperature diffusion welding. The high-frequency assembly does not need to use a thin-wall tube shell, is simple to assemble, can reduce the inner diameter of a magnetic system, increases bunching current, and further increases the output power under the condition that the voltage is not changed. The composite tube shell and the all-metal slow wave structure are matched through a circle, and the machining precision error can be 0.08 mm. The multiple radial sub-cavities can be fixed in the composite tube shell only through high-temperature diffusion welding, the technological process is simple, the assembly efficiency and precision are high, and the problem that the matching degree becomes poor due to the fact that welding flux flows into the slow-wave structure is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of microwave vacuum electronic technology, and more specifically, to a traveling wave tube high frequency component and an assembly method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The traveling wave tube is an important vacuum electronic device with the characteristics of wide bandwidth, high gain, high efficiency and low noise. It has broad application prospects in radar, electronic countermeasure systems, high-speed communications, etc. The traveling wave tube consists of five major parts: electron gun, high-frequency system, energy transmission system, focusing system, and collector. The high-frequency system is the core component of the traveling wave tube. Its function is to extend the propagation path of electromagnetic waves, reduce the axial velocity of electromagnetic waves, synchronize them with the electron beam velocity, interact with each other to complete energy exchange, and realize electromagnetic wave amplification and transmission. Common slow-wave structures mainly include spiral line type and coupled cavity type slow-wave structures, such as all-metal slow-wave structures such as folded waveguide type or staggered grating waveguide, and some new types of slow-wave lines. When the operating frequency is increased to the short millimeter wave and terahertz frequency bands, all-metal folded waveguide slow-wave structures are mostly used, which have the advantages of better heat dissipation performance, high structural strength, and easy processing and assembly.

[0003] The high-frequency components of the traveling wave tube include folded waveguide, electron gun welding plate, pole shoe, spacer ring, collector welding plate, and microwave coupler. The assembly method of the high-frequency components of the traveling wave tube directly affects the overall performance of the traveling wave tube.

[0004] 1. In the prior art, the high-frequency components of traveling wave tubes all need to use thin-walled tube shells during the manufacturing process. This technology has two problems: first, the wall thickness of the thin-walled tube shell is usually only a few tenths of a millimeter and the length is more than 100 millimeters, which is difficult to process and increases the cost of parts processing; and when the outer diameter of the slow-wave structure is constant, after using the tube shell, the inner diameter of the magnetic steel needs to be increased, which will reduce the magnetic field and reduce the bunchable current, thereby reducing the output power when other conditions such as voltage remain unchanged.

[0005] 2. In the prior art, the composite tube shell needs to use wire cutting and secondary processing to obtain the required inner diameter, which is a complex process. In some technologies, the inner diameter even needs to be processed into a cone, and the processing accuracy must reach the micron level, which greatly increases the processing difficulty.

[0006] 3. In the prior art, the slow-wave structure is only inserted into the composite tube shell, which has two problems: first, the firmness and reliability are poor; second, there is a gap between the two slow-wave structure half-cavities, which increases the loss and reduces the high-frequency performance. Summary of the invention

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide a method for assembling a high-frequency component of a traveling wave tube to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] On one hand, the present application provides a traveling wave tube high frequency component, the high frequency component comprising a composite tube shell and a full metal slow wave structure arranged in the composite tube shell,

[0010] The composite tube shell includes an electron gun welding plate, a pole shoe and a spacer ring, and a collector welding plate that are brazed together.

[0011] The all-metal slow-wave structure is composed of a plurality of radial sub-cavities, and the plurality of radial sub-cavities are fixed in the composite tube shell by high-temperature diffusion welding.

[0012] In addition, a preferred solution is that the all-metal slow-wave structure includes a folded waveguide slow-wave structure or a staggered grating waveguide slow-wave structure.

[0013] On the other hand, the present application also provides a method for assembling a high-frequency component of a traveling wave tube, wherein the high-frequency component of the traveling wave tube includes an all-metal slow-wave structure and a magnetic focusing structure; the magnetic focusing structure includes a plurality of pole shoes and spacer rings arranged at intervals;

[0014] The assembly method comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Provide a core rod, insert the electron gun welding disk, the magnetic focusing structure and the collector welding disk into the core rod in sequence, and fix the electron gun welding disk, the magnetic focusing structure and the collector welding disk by welding;

[0016] S2, taking out the core rod, and obtaining a composite tube shell consisting of a welded electron gun welding disk, a magnetic focusing structure and a collector welding disk;

[0017] S3, obtaining a plurality of radial sub-cavities constituting the all-metal slow-wave structure, and inserting the plurality of radial sub-cavities into the composite tube shell;

[0018] S4. Fix the all-metal slow-wave structure and the composite tube shell by vacuum high-temperature diffusion welding to obtain the traveling wave tube high-frequency component.

[0019] In addition, a preferred solution is that step S3 further comprises:

[0020] The all-metal slow-wave structure includes a slow-wave structure input section and a slow-wave structure output section; the slow-wave structure input section is composed of two radial half-cavities, and the slow-wave structure output section is composed of two radial half-cavities;

[0021] The slow-wave structure input section and the slow-wave structure output section are respectively inserted into the composite tube shell from two ends of the composite tube shell.

[0022] In addition, a preferred solution is that the high temperature diffusion welding condition in step S4 is a temperature of 780-800 degrees, and the temperature is kept at least 1 hour.

[0023] In addition, a preferred solution is that step S3 further comprises:

[0024] After the radial sub-cavity is inserted into the composite tube shell, a microwave input coupler and a microwave output coupler are placed in corresponding positions of the composite tube shell.

[0025] In addition, a preferred solution is that solder is placed at the connection positions between the electron gun welding plate, several spaced-apart rings and pole shoes, and the collector welding plate, and the melting point of the solder is more than 20 degrees higher than the high-temperature diffusion welding temperature.

[0026] In addition, a preferred solution is that the inner diameter of the composite tube shell obtained by brazing is φa+(0.02-0.1) mm, wherein φa is the outer diameter of the all-metal slow-wave structure.

[0027] In addition, a preferred solution is that the step S3 further comprises: after inserting the radial sub-cavity into the composite tube shell, measuring the performance of the assembly structure by a vector network analyzer to determine the assembly position of the radial sub-cavity.

[0028] In addition, a preferred solution is that after the composite tube shell and the all-metal slow-wave structure are welded and fixed, the method further comprises:

[0029] The high-frequency component of the traveling wave tube is based on the outer diameter of the pole shoe, and magnetic steel is installed at the spacing rings of two adjacent pole shoes.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. The high-frequency component of the traveling wave tube provided by the present application only needs to braze and weld the electron gun welding plate, the pole shoe and the spacer ring, and the collector welding plate together to form a composite tube shell. There is no need to use a thin-walled tube shell, and the assembly is simple. The inner diameter of the magnetic system can be reduced, and the current that can be bunched can be increased, thereby increasing the output power under the condition of unchanged voltage. The composite tube shell and the all-metal slow-wave structure are matched in a circular manner, rather than a conical match in the prior art, which further simplifies the processing flow. The processing accuracy error can be increased from 0.0025mm when the conical match is used to 0.02mm~0.1mm. Under the premise of ensuring the performance of the high-frequency component, the process difficulty is significantly reduced. Multiple radial sub-cavities do not need to be welded separately, and can be fixed in the composite tube shell by high-temperature diffusion welding. The process flow is simple, the assembly requirements are low, the assembly efficiency and precision are high, and the cost is low. It avoids the problem of poor matching caused by the flow of solder into the slow-wave structure during the brazing process in the prior art, and improves the reliability of the entire traveling wave tube high-frequency component.

[0032] 2. The assembly method of the high-frequency component of the waveguide slow-wave structure traveling wave tube provided by the present application, by using a core rod to obtain a composite tube shell composed of an electron gun welding disk, a magnetic focusing structure and a collector welding disk after welding and fixing, the core rod can be taken out to form the inner cavity of the composite tube shell, without the need to use a thin-walled tube shell, and there is no need to perform secondary processing of the composite tube shell by slow wire walking to form the inner cavity of the composite tube shell, the core rod can be reused, the formation of the inner cavity is simpler, the process complexity is low, the production efficiency is higher, and the collimation can be effectively guaranteed. In addition, it also reduces the processing cost, reduces the inner diameter of the magnetic system, increases the current that can be bunched, and thus can increase the output power under the condition of unchanged voltage. In the whole process of obtaining the high-frequency component of the traveling wave tube, only two high-temperature weldings are required, which reduces the process flow, improves the assembly efficiency, and reduces the cost; the composite tube shell and the all-metal slow-wave structure are matched in a circular manner, not in a conical manner in the prior art, which further simplifies the processing flow, and the processing accuracy error can be increased from 0.0025mm in the case of conical matching to 0.02mm~0.1mm. Multiple radial sub-cavities do not need to be welded separately, and can be fixed in the composite tube shell by high-temperature diffusion welding, so that the all-metal slow-wave structure and the composite tube shell form a whole, avoiding the problem of poor matching caused by solder flowing into the inside of the all-metal slow-wave structure during brazing, and also avoiding the existence of gaps between multiple sub-cavities, reducing losses while improving reliability, and timely exporting the heat generated by high frequency. In summary, this method is simple to assemble and has high reliability, and is suitable for mass production of high-frequency components of traveling wave tubes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a traveling wave tube high frequency component in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram showing an electron gun welding disk, a magnetic focusing structure and a collector welding disk in a traveling wave tube high frequency assembly in an embodiment of the present application when they are inserted into a core rod.

[0036] Figure 3 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the composite tube shell formed by the welded electron gun welding disk, the magnetic focusing structure and the collector welding disk after the core rod is pulled out.

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an all-metal slow-wave structure input section in a traveling wave tube high-frequency component in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0038] Figure 5 A flow chart showing a method for assembling a traveling wave tube high frequency component in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In the following description, for the purpose of explanation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is apparent that these embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details.

[0040] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] It should also be noted that, in the description of the present application, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or equipment. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprise one..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or equipment including the elements.

[0042] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a traveling wave tube high frequency component, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the high-frequency component includes a composite tube shell and an all-metal slow-wave structure arranged in the composite tube shell, and the all-metal slow-wave structure can be a folded waveguide; the composite tube shell includes an electron gun welding plate 1, a pole shoe 3 and a spacer ring 4, and a collector welding plate 6 brazed together, and the all-metal slow-wave structure is composed of a plurality of radial sub-cavities, and the plurality of radial sub-cavities are fixed in the composite tube shell by high-temperature diffusion welding.

[0043] In the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application, it is only necessary to braze and weld the electron gun welding plate 1, the pole shoe and the spacer ring, and the collector welding plate 6 together to form a composite tube shell. There is no need to use a thin-walled tube shell, which is simple to assemble, can reduce the inner diameter of the magnetic system, increase the current that can be bunched, and thus increase the output power under the condition of constant voltage. The composite tube shell and the all-metal slow-wave structure are matched in a circular manner, not in a conical manner in the prior art, which further simplifies the processing flow, and the processing accuracy error can be increased from 0.0025mm in the case of conical matching to 0.08mm. Multiple radial sub-cavities do not need to be welded separately, and can be fixed in the composite tube shell by high-temperature diffusion welding. The process flow is simple, the assembly requirements are low, the assembly efficiency and precision are high, and the cost is low. The problem of poor matching caused by the flow of solder into the all-metal slow-wave structure during the brazing welding process in the prior art is avoided, and the reliability of the entire traveling wave tube high-frequency component is improved. The all-metal slow-wave structure includes a folded waveguide slow-wave structure or a staggered grating waveguide slow-wave structure.

[0044] Another embodiment of the present application also provides a method for assembling a high-frequency component of a traveling wave tube, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, the traveling wave tube high frequency component includes an all-metal slow wave structure and a magnetic focusing structure; the magnetic focusing structure includes a plurality of pole shoes 3 and spacer rings 4 arranged at intervals, that is, Figure 1 As shown, the magnetic focusing structure is formed by the pole shoe 3, the spacer ring 4, the pole shoe 3, and the spacer ring 4 arranged in sequence. Figure 5 As shown, the assembly method comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1. Provide a core rod 7, and insert the electron gun welding disk 1, the magnetic focusing structure and the collector welding disk 6 into the core rod 7 in sequence. The electron gun welding disk 1, the magnetic focusing structure and the collector welding disk 6 are welded and fixed. Specifically, the electron gun welding disk 1, the magnetic focusing structure and the collector welding disk 6 are fixed by brazing. The diameter of the core rod 7 is the same as the outer diameter of the all-metal slow-wave structure, which is represented by φa. The all-metal slow-wave structure can be a folded waveguide, and the material of the core rod 7 can be non-magnetic stainless steel. Exemplarily, the design requirement is that the diameter of the all-metal slow-wave structure is φ4.0 mm, and the diameter of the core rod 7 is the same as the outer diameter of the all-metal slow-wave structure, which is φ4.0 mm. Before the electron gun welding disk 1, the magnetic focusing structure and the collector welding disk 6 are inserted into the core rod 7 in sequence, the core rod 7 is cleaned and blackened in a wet hydrogen atmosphere to avoid solder adhesion during welding.

[0046] S2, taking out the core rod 7, obtaining a composite tube shell consisting of the welded electron gun welding plate 1, the magnetic focusing structure and the collector welding plate 6; further, the composite tube shell is retained for step S3 after passing the leak detection.

[0047] S3, obtaining a plurality of radial sub-cavities constituting the all-metal slow-wave structure, and inserting the plurality of radial sub-cavities into the composite tube shell;

[0048] S4, fix the all-metal slow-wave structure and the composite tube shell by vacuum high-temperature diffusion welding to obtain the traveling wave tube high-frequency component. Specifically, vacuum high-temperature diffusion welding can be performed in a vacuum furnace.

[0049] Now combined Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the specific implementation process is described. In step S1 of the present invention, a core rod 7 is provided, and the electron gun welding disk 1, the magnetic focusing structure and the collector welding disk 6 are sequentially inserted into the core rod 7. The electron gun welding disk 1, the magnetic focusing structure and the collector welding disk 6 are welded and fixed; as known in the art, the function of the electron gun welding disk 1 is to connect the electron gun and the high-frequency component to ensure that the electron beam can effectively enter the high-frequency component, and then be accelerated and focused, and finally form a high-energy electron beam. The magnetic focusing structure includes a pole shoe 3, a spacer ring 4 located between two adjacent pole shoes 3, and a magnetic steel sleeved outside the spacer ring 4 and located between the two pole shoes 3. Among them, the function of the pole shoe 3 and the magnetic steel is to help control the position and shape of the electron beam to ensure the optimal coupling between the electron beam and the microwave field. The function of the spacer ring 4 is to separate the pole shoe 3.

[0050] Step S2, taking out the core rod 7, and obtaining a composite tube shell formed by the electron gun welding plate 1, the magnetic focusing structure and the collector welding plate 6 after being welded and fixed; after the welding in step S1, the electron gun welding plate 1, the magnetic focusing structure and the collector welding plate 6 have been connected to form a whole, so after taking out the core rod 7, a composite tube shell formed by the electron gun welding plate 1, the magnetic focusing structure and the collector welding plate 6 can be obtained, and it can be retained after passing the leak detection.

[0051] Step S3, obtaining multiple radial sub-cavities constituting the full metal slow-wave structure, inserting the multiple radial sub-cavities into the composite tube shell, and preparing for welding; here, the full metal slow-wave structure can be a folded waveguide, and the diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the core rod 7.

[0052] The method further comprises: the traveling wave tube slow wave assembly uses the outer diameter of the pole shoe as a reference, and assembles magnetic steel at the spacing rings of two adjacent pole shoes.

[0053] S4. Fixing the all-metal slow-wave structure to the composite tube shell by vacuum high-temperature diffusion welding to obtain the traveling wave tube high-frequency component, and the high-temperature diffusion welding is performed in a vacuum furnace.

[0054] The present application provides a method for assembling a high-frequency component of a traveling wave tube with a waveguide slow-wave structure. By using a core rod 7, a composite tube shell consisting of a welded and fixed electron gun welding disk 1, a magnetic focusing structure and a collector welding disk 6 is obtained. The core rod 7 can be taken out to form an inner cavity of the composite tube shell. There is no need to use a thin-walled tube shell, and there is no need to perform secondary processing of the composite tube shell by slow wire cutting to form the inner cavity of the composite tube shell. The core rod 7 can be reused, the formation of the inner cavity is simpler, the process complexity is low, the manufacturing efficiency is higher, and the collimation can be effectively guaranteed. In addition, the processing cost is reduced, the inner diameter of the magnetic system can be reduced, and the bunchable current can be increased, thereby increasing the output power without changing the voltage. In the whole process of obtaining the high-frequency component of the traveling wave tube, only two high-temperature weldings are required, which reduces the process flow, improves assembly efficiency, and reduces costs; the composite tube shell and the all-metal slow-wave structure are matched in a circular manner, rather than a conical match in the prior art, which further simplifies the processing flow, and the processing accuracy error can be increased from 0.0025mm in the conical match to 0.02mm~0.1mm, which significantly reduces the process difficulty while ensuring the performance of the high-frequency component. Multiple radial sub-cavities do not need to be welded separately, and can be fixed in the composite tube shell by high-temperature diffusion welding, so that the all-metal slow-wave structure and the composite tube shell form a whole, avoiding the problem of poor matching caused by the flow of solder into the all-metal slow-wave structure during brazing, and also avoiding the existence of gaps between multiple sub-cavities, reducing losses while improving reliability, and timely exporting the heat generated by high frequency. In summary, this method is simple to assemble and has high reliability, and is suitable for mass production of high-frequency components of traveling wave tubes.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, the step S3 further includes: the all-metal slow-wave structure includes a slow-wave structure input section 51 and a slow-wave structure output section 52; the slow-wave structure input section 51 is composed of two radial semi-cavities, and the slow-wave structure output section 52 is composed of two radial semi-cavities; the slow-wave structure input section 51 and the slow-wave structure output section 52 are respectively inserted into the composite tube shell from the two ends of the composite tube shell, and the composite tube shell, the slow-wave structure input section 51 and the slow-wave structure output section 52 are welded and fixed by high-temperature diffusion welding in a vacuum furnace. Since the composite tube shell is formed in advance, the slow-wave structure input section 51 and the slow-wave structure output section 52 are respectively inserted into the composite tube shell from the two ends of the composite tube shell, and then the slow-wave structure input section 51 and the slow-wave structure output section 52 can be connected by high-temperature diffusion welding, and the slow-wave structure input section 51 and the slow-wave structure output section 52 can also be welded to the composite tube shell respectively. The problem of poor matching caused by solder flowing into the all-metal slow-wave structure during brazing is avoided, and the existence of gaps between the two radial half-cavities can be avoided, thereby reducing losses while improving reliability and exporting the generated heat in a timely manner.

[0056] Furthermore, the step S3 further comprises: after inserting the radial sub-cavity into the composite tube shell, placing a microwave input coupler 21 and a microwave output coupler 22 in corresponding positions of the composite tube shell. Specifically, a position is reserved between two adjacent pole shoes 3 to connect and fix the microwave input coupler 21; a position is reserved between two adjacent pole shoes 3 to connect and fix the microwave output coupler 22. Both the microwave input coupler 21 and the microwave output coupler 22 can be transition waveguide components.

[0057] After the microwave input coupler 21 is welded to the composite tube shell, a high-frequency input section is formed, and after the microwave output coupler 22 is welded to the composite tube shell, a high-frequency output section is formed; specifically, after the slow-wave structure input section 51 and the slow-wave structure output section 52 are respectively inserted into the composite tube shell from both ends, the microwave coupler is placed, that is, the microwave input coupler 21 and the microwave output coupler 22 are respectively placed at the reserved positions of the composite tube shell, and the composite tube shell, the all-metal slow-wave structure, the microwave input coupler 21, and the microwave output coupler 22 are welded and fixed by high-temperature diffusion welding in a vacuum furnace to form a whole, that is, a traveling wave tube high-frequency component is obtained. In this manufacturing method, the composite tube shell, the all-metal slow-wave structure, the microwave input coupler 21, and the microwave output coupler 22 can be welded and fixed by only one welding. Specifically, the high-frequency input section formed by the composite tube shell, the slow-wave structure input section 51, and the microwave input coupler 21 does not need to be welded separately, and the high-frequency output section formed by the composite tube shell, the slow-wave structure output section 52, and the microwave output coupler 22 does not need to be welded separately. The high-frequency input section and the high-frequency output section do not need to be welded separately. The high-frequency input section and the high-frequency output section can be formed at the same time by only one welding, and the high-frequency input section and the high-frequency output section are connected and fixed to form a complete high-frequency system, so as to obtain Figure 1 The high frequency components of the traveling wave tube are shown.

[0058] Furthermore, the step S3 further includes: after inserting the radial sub-cavity into the composite tube shell, measuring the performance of the assembly structure by a vector network analyzer to determine the assembly position of the radial sub-cavity. After completing the assembly of the traveling wave tube high-frequency component, the entire traveling wave tube high-frequency component is tested for air tightness, for example, a helium leak detector can be used for testing. After the air tightness test is qualified, the high-frequency component is tested for standing wave, and the standing wave coefficient of the all-metal slow-wave structure, including the all-metal slow-wave structure input section 51 and the all-metal slow-wave structure output section 52, is tested by a vector network analyzer, and retained when VSWR<1.5 within the working frequency band. It should be noted that the above-mentioned standing wave detection method is only an example, and those skilled in the art can select a suitable method for standing wave detection according to actual conditions, and this application does not limit this.

[0059] Taking the folded waveguide traveling wave tube high-frequency component with a diameter of φ3.3mm as an example, the inner diameter size of the composite tube shell obtained by brazing is 3.35mm. The composite tube shell obtained by brazing directly realizes the assembly gap of 0.05mm between the tube shell and the slow-wave structure, without the need for secondary processing of the composite tube shell, reducing the process steps while ensuring that the inner diameter straightness of the slender high-frequency component composite tube shell reaches 0.02mm; the processing accuracy error of the composite tube shell can be increased from 0.0025mm in the prior art conical matching to 0.02mm~0.1mm, significantly reducing the requirements for processing accuracy. It makes it easier to assemble the all-metal slow-wave structure in the composite tube shell, easy to process, and can achieve the fixation of the all-metal slow-wave structure in the composite tube shell by high-temperature diffusion welding.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, in the above step S1, solder is placed at the connection position between the electron gun welding plate 1, the spacer rings 4 and the pole shoe 3, and the collector welding plate 6, and the melting point of the solder is higher than the diffusion welding temperature by more than 20 degrees, preferably more than 50 degrees. It is fixed by soldering in a hydrogen furnace or a vacuum furnace; the solder is selected from a solder with a melting point greater than 800 degrees, preferably a solder with a melting point more than 50 degrees higher than 800 degrees. For example, the solder selected includes but is not limited to gold copper, gold nickel, etc.

[0061] In the above step S4, the conditions for high temperature diffusion welding are a temperature of 780-800 degrees and heat preservation for at least 1 hour. Heat preservation for at least 1 hour can make the all-metal slow-wave structure and the composite tube shell more firmly fixed. Since in step S1, the solder placed at the connection position between the electron gun welding plate 1, the several spaced-apart rings 4 and the pole shoe 3, and the collector welding plate 6 has a melting point temperature greater than 800 degrees, the all-metal slow-wave structure is inserted into the composite tube shell, and when the all-metal slow-wave structure and the composite tube shell are welded in a vacuum furnace at a temperature of 780-800 degrees, the solder can be prevented from softening or even melting, and the formed composite tube shell will not be deformed.

[0062] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not limitations on the implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is impossible to list all the implementation methods here. All obvious changes or modifications derived from the technical solution of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A traveling wave tube high frequency component, characterized in that: The high-frequency component includes a composite tube shell and a full-metal slow-wave structure arranged in the composite tube shell. The composite tube shell includes an electron gun welding plate, a pole shoe and a spacer ring, and a collector welding plate that are brazed together. The all-metal slow-wave structure is composed of a plurality of radial sub-cavities, and the plurality of radial sub-cavities are fixed in the composite tube shell by high-temperature diffusion welding.

2. The traveling wave tube high frequency component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The all-metal slow-wave structure includes a folded waveguide slow-wave structure or a staggered grating waveguide slow-wave structure.

3. A method for assembling a high-frequency component of a traveling wave tube, wherein the high-frequency component of the traveling wave tube comprises an all-metal slow-wave structure and a magnetic focusing structure; the magnetic focusing structure comprises a plurality of pole shoes and spacer rings arranged at intervals; It is characterized in that The assembly method comprises the following steps: S1. Provide a core rod, insert the electron gun welding disk, the magnetic focusing structure and the collector welding disk into the core rod in sequence, and fix the electron gun welding disk, the magnetic focusing structure and the collector welding disk by welding; S2, taking out the core rod, and obtaining a composite tube shell consisting of a welded electron gun welding disk, a magnetic focusing structure and a collector welding disk; S3, obtaining a plurality of radial sub-cavities constituting the all-metal slow-wave structure, and inserting the plurality of radial sub-cavities into the composite tube shell; S4. Fix the all-metal slow-wave structure and the composite tube shell by vacuum high-temperature diffusion welding to obtain the traveling wave tube high-frequency component.

4. The assembly method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S3 further comprises: The all-metal slow-wave structure includes a slow-wave structure input section and a slow-wave structure output section; the slow-wave structure input section is composed of two radial half-cavities, and the slow-wave structure output section is composed of two radial half-cavities; The slow-wave structure input section and the slow-wave structure output section are respectively inserted into the composite tube shell from two ends of the composite tube shell.

5. The assembly method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high temperature diffusion welding condition in step S4 is 780-800 degrees, and the temperature is kept at least 1 hour.

6. The assembly method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S3 further comprises: After the radial sub-cavity is inserted into the composite tube shell, a microwave input coupler and a microwave output coupler are placed in corresponding positions of the composite tube shell.

7. The assembly method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Solder is placed at the connection position between the electron gun welding plate, several spaced-apart rings and pole shoes, and the collector welding plate, and the melting point of the solder is more than 20 degrees higher than the high-temperature diffusion welding temperature.

8. The assembly method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the composite tube shell obtained by brazing is φa+(0.02-0.1) mm, wherein φa is the outer diameter of the all-metal slow-wave structure.

9. The assembly method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S3 further comprises: After the radial sub-cavity is inserted into the composite tube shell, the performance of the assembly structure is measured by a vector network analyzer to determine the assembly position of the radial sub-cavity.

10. The assembly method according to claim 3, characterized in that: After the composite tube shell and the all-metal slow-wave structure are welded and fixed, the method further comprises: The high-frequency component of the traveling wave tube is based on the outer diameter of the pole shoe, and magnetic steel is installed at the spacing rings of two adjacent pole shoes.

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