Preparation method of bio-based packaging material

Abstract

The preparation method of the bio-based packaging material comprises the following steps: step 1, pretreating a biomass raw material to obtain the pretreated biomass raw material; step 2, mixing the pretreated biomass raw material with auxiliary materials, and spreading the mixture at a thickness of 1-2cm to obtain a fermentation substrate; step 3, inoculating brown rot fungi to the fermentation substrate, and then culturing to obtain a culture material; and step 4, carrying out water washing desugaring, drying and crushing on the culture material, then uniformly mixing the culture material with an adhesive, and then carrying out molding and processing to obtain the bio-based packaging material after molding. According to the invention, the field planting and growth of brown rot fungi on a specific substrate are combined with a material post-processing technology to synthesize a biodegradable material, and the biomaterial has the obvious advantages of low cost, low energy consumption, low carbon footprint and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of packaging materials, and in particular to a method for preparing a bio-based packaging material. Background Art

[0002] As one of the five major packaging materials, plastic has been widely used in packaging due to its wide range of excellent physical and chemical properties such as light weight and high performance. It has replaced traditional packaging materials in many occasions and become the protagonist of packaging. Plastic packaging accounts for about 30% of the entire packaging, and packaging accounts for about 3% of the global annual total of nearly 100 million tons of plastic. As an important part of modern materials, it can be said that people cannot live without plastic for a day. Many products cannot be launched without plastic. However, plastic packaging belongs to the "short-life" application category of plastic. There are only two ways for plastic packaging after use: becoming plastic garbage thrown away at will, or becoming urban solid waste. Either way, it will harm the environment. In addition, due to the special environmental stability of plastic, it will not decompose or decompose very slowly in the environment for a long time, decades or even hundreds of years, so the harm to the environment is very long-lasting. With the increasing understanding of human beings on environmental pollution and ecological protection, the environmental pollution problem of packaging waste is also increasingly concerned.

[0003] Degradable packaging is a type of green and sustainable packaging, which has been rapidly developed at home and abroad. For example, water-soluble acrylic polymers can achieve the purpose of degradation. China's biodegradable plastic technology has developed rapidly. For example, a plastics research institute in Beijing uses polyethylene as the basic raw material, adds a special concentrated masterbatch, and uses extrusion blow molding to produce a sunshade film that can block ultraviolet rays. Domestic and foreign research on biodegradable materials is mostly focused on material blending, copolymerization and film applications, and there are few reports on research on cushioning materials. Finding a new type of green cushioning packaging material is an inevitable trend in the development of cushioning packaging materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a bio-based packaging material.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a method for preparing a bio-based packaging material, comprising the following steps: Step 1: pretreating the biomass raw material to obtain a pretreated biomass raw material; Step 2: Mix the pretreated biomass raw materials with auxiliary materials and spread them flat with a thickness of 1-2 cm to obtain a fermentation matrix; Step 3: inoculating brown rot fungi into the fermentation substrate, and then culturing to obtain a culture medium; Step 4: Wash the culture medium to remove sugars, dry and crush it, then mix it evenly with the adhesive, and then shape it for processing to obtain the bio-based packaging material.

[0006] The preferred technical solution is that the biomass raw material consists of crustaceans and biological waste, and the biological waste is at least one of crop straw, wood shavings, branches, wood, bamboo, plant leaves, reeds, bagasse, corn cobs, fruit shells, fruit cores, vines, wood chips, sawdust and bark.

[0007] The preferred technical solution is: in step 1, the pretreatment includes crushing and sterilization, and the length of the crushed particles is less than or equal to 5 cm and greater than or equal to 0.5 cm; sterilization is heating at 105-110°C for 10-20 minutes.

[0008] The preferred technical solution is: in step 2, every 1 kg of pretreated biomass raw material is mixed with 10-50 g of auxiliary materials, and every 200 g of auxiliary materials includes: 2-20 g of peptone, 2-20 g of beef extract, 2-20 g of yeast extract powder, 5-30 g of KH2PO4, 1-10 g of MgSO4·7H2O, 5-50 g of agar, 0.5-1 g of trace elements, and the rest is water; the trace elements include iron, magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese, sodium and potassium.

[0009] The preferred technical solution is: the inoculation amount is 1-5%, and the culture conditions are: culture at 20-30°C for 10-20 days.

[0010] The preferred technical solution is: the adhesive is at least one of bone glue, guar gum or sodium alginate.

[0011] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The present invention utilizes the colonization and growth of brown rot fungi on a specific substrate, combined with material post-processing technology, to synthesize a biodegradable material, and at the same time has obvious advantages such as low cost, low energy consumption, and low carbon footprint. The present invention utilizes the characteristics of the developed mesh hyphae network connecting agricultural waste during the growth of brown rot fungi to obtain a mycelium-based packaging paperboard biomaterial, which is more environmentally friendly and more efficient than the manufacturing process of wood-based kraft paper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in the embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental materials used in the following embodiments were purchased from conventional biochemical reagent stores.

[0013] Example 1: A method for preparing a bio-based packaging material A method for preparing a bio-based packaging material comprises the following steps: Step 1: pretreating the biomass raw material to obtain a pretreated biomass raw material; Step 2: Mix the pretreated biomass raw materials with auxiliary materials and spread them flat with a thickness of 1-2 cm to obtain a fermentation matrix; Step 3: inoculating brown rot fungi into the fermentation substrate, and then culturing to obtain a culture medium; Step 4: Wash the culture medium to remove sugars, dry and crush it, then mix it evenly with the adhesive, and then shape it for processing to obtain the bio-based packaging material.

[0014] A preferred embodiment is that the biomass raw material consists of shells and biological waste, and the biological waste is a mixture of reeds and corn cobs in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0015] A preferred implementation is: in step 1, the pretreatment includes crushing and sterilization, and the length of the crushed particles is less than or equal to 5 cm and greater than or equal to 0.5 cm; sterilization is heating at 110° C. for 10 minutes.

[0016] A preferred embodiment is as follows: in step 2, every 1 kg of pretreated biomass raw material is mixed with 10 g of auxiliary materials, and every 200 g of auxiliary materials includes: 20 g of peptone, 20 g of beef extract, 20 g of yeast extract powder, 30 g of KH2PO4, 10 g of MgSO4·7H2O, 50 g of agar, 1 g of trace elements, and the rest is water; the trace elements include iron, magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese, sodium and potassium.

[0017] The preferred embodiment is: the inoculation amount is 5%, and the culture conditions are: culture at 30° C. for 20 days.

[0018] A preferred embodiment is that the adhesive is a mixture of bone glue and guar gum in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0019] The prepared bio-based raw material includes: chitin weight % greater than or equal to 5%; and a mixed target substrate (material thermal conductivity less than 0.05 W / m·K, combustion heat less than 35 MJ / kg, porosity greater than 1%).

[0020] The original bacteria are cultured and formed into a certain shape. After several days, they are inactivated, during which any suitable technology can be used to heat and / or dehydrate them, such as a drying box, an oven, a heater, a dehydrating agent, etc.

[0021] The material is incubated at an ambient temperature of 20°C to 30°C, and when a certain growth rate is reached, a controlled environment with a humidity of 60% to 95% is used.

[0022] Example 2: A method for preparing a bio-based packaging material A method for preparing a bio-based packaging material comprises the following steps: Step 1: pretreating the biomass raw material to obtain a pretreated biomass raw material; Step 2: Mix the pretreated biomass raw materials with auxiliary materials and spread them flat with a thickness of 1 cm to obtain a fermentation matrix; Step 3: inoculating brown rot fungi into the fermentation substrate, and then culturing to obtain a culture medium; Step 4: Wash the culture medium to remove sugars, dry and crush it, then mix it evenly with the adhesive, and then shape it for processing to obtain the bio-based packaging material.

[0023] A preferred embodiment is that the biomass raw material consists of shells and biological waste, and the biological waste is a mixture of crop straw, wood shavings and tree sawdust in equal mass proportions.

[0024] A preferred implementation is: in step 1, the pretreatment includes crushing and sterilization, and the length of the crushed particles is less than or equal to 5 cm and greater than or equal to 0.5 cm; sterilization is heating at 105° C. for 10 minutes.

[0025] A preferred embodiment is as follows: in step 2, every 1 kg of pretreated biomass raw material is mixed with 10 g of auxiliary materials, and every 200 g of auxiliary materials includes: 2 g of peptone, 2 g of beef extract, 2 g of yeast extract powder, 5 g of KH2PO4, 1 g of MgSO4·7H2O, 5 g of agar, 0.5 g of trace elements, and the rest is water; the trace elements include iron, magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese, sodium and potassium.

[0026] The preferred embodiment is: the inoculation amount is 5%, and the culture conditions are: culture at 20° C. for 10 days.

[0027] A preferred embodiment is that the adhesive is bone glue.

[0028] The above description is only used to explain the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any form. Therefore, any modifications or changes made to the present invention under the same inventive spirit should still be included in the scope of protection intended by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a bio-based packaging material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: pretreating the biomass raw material to obtain a pretreated biomass raw material; Step 2: Mix the pretreated biomass raw materials with auxiliary materials and spread them flat with a thickness of 1-2 cm to obtain a fermentation matrix; Step 3: inoculating brown rot fungi into the fermentation substrate, and then culturing to obtain a culture medium; Step 4: Wash the culture medium to remove sugars, dry and crush it, then mix it evenly with the adhesive, and then shape it for processing to obtain the bio-based packaging material.

2. The method for preparing a bio-based packaging material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomass raw material consists of shells and biological waste, and the biological waste is at least one of crop straw, wood shavings, branches, wood, bamboo, plant leaves, reeds, bagasse, corn cobs, fruit shells, fruit cores, vines, wood chips, sawdust and bark.

3. The method for preparing a bio-based packaging material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the pretreatment includes crushing and sterilization, and the length of the crushed particles is less than or equal to 5 cm and greater than or equal to 0.5 cm; sterilization is heating at 105-110° C. for 10-20 minutes.

4. The method for preparing a bio-based packaging material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, every 1 kg of pretreated biomass raw material is mixed with 10-50 g of auxiliary materials, and every 200 g of auxiliary materials includes: 2-20 g of peptone, 2-20 g of beef extract, 2-20 g of yeast extract powder, 5-30 g of KH2PO4, 1-10 g of MgSO4·7H2O, 5-50 g of agar, 0.5-1 g of trace elements, and the rest is water; the trace elements include iron, magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese, sodium and potassium.

5. The method for preparing a bio-based packaging material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inoculation amount is 1-5%, and the culture conditions are: 20-30℃ for 10-20 days.

6. The method for preparing a bio-based packaging material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive is at least one of glue, guar gum or sodium alginate.