Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization common-caliber millimeter wave antenna system

Abstract

The invention relates to a Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization common-caliber millimeter wave antenna system which comprises an antenna unit. The antenna unit comprises a metal floor, a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, a third dielectric layer, a first radiation unit, a first feed patch, a fourth dielectric layer, a fifth dielectric layer, a second radiation unit and a second feed patch which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, and the first radiation unit and the first feed patch are located on the same layer. The second radiation unit and the second feed patch are located on the same layer; the first feed patch and the second feed patch are different in shape and size. According to the Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization common-caliber millimeter wave antenna system, the antennas working in different frequency bands are highly concentrated in a physical space, the problem of serious mutual coupling between the antennas in a compact space is solved, antenna miniaturization is achieved, meanwhile, signal loss is reduced, and therefore the applicability of the antennas is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of microwave and millimeter wave communications, and in particular to the field of antenna units and electronic equipment, and specifically refers to a Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna system. Background Art

[0002] With the advent of the Internet of Things era, the available spectrum resources in the sub-6GHz band in communications are becoming increasingly scarce, and the demand for further improvement of data exchange capacity is limited. At the same time, the high-frequency millimeter wave band has the advantages of rich spectrum resources, fast transmission rate and low latency, and is more suitable for high-speed, low-latency and close-range communications. Millimeter wave communications are also used in 5G / 6G mobile communications, satellite communications, radio astronomy and other fields. However, terminal electronic devices need to support more and more communication bands, which requires more bands and more types and numbers of antennas. However, this will undoubtedly take up more internal space and increase its overall weight. Due to the increasingly limited space for placing antennas inside electronic devices, current electronic devices are difficult to meet the communication needs of multiple bands at the same time.

[0003] Electronic devices usually need to use antennas to perform wireless communications in different frequency bands and different polarization directions. In some embodiments, in order to better receive and send wireless signals, electronic devices need to achieve signal coverage in different directions and different frequency bands. Usually, multiple antenna modules working in different frequency bands and with different polarization characteristics are installed at different locations of the electronic device.

[0004] However, most of the current antenna units only have dual-polarization characteristics and a limited number of operating frequency bands, making it difficult to work in multi-polarization directions and multi-bands, and unable to meet the needs of future millimeter wave communications. In some embodiments, multiple antenna modules are installed in an electronic device so that it can work in multi-polarization directions and multi-bands. However, with the development of technology, the functions of electronic devices have become diversified, and there is a problem of insufficient space for antenna modules. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization common-aperture millimeter-wave antenna system that is lightweight, has good applicability and a wide range of applications.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna system of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna system has the following main features: the system comprises an antenna unit, the antenna unit comprises a metal floor, a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, a third dielectric layer, a first radiation unit and a first feed patch, a fourth dielectric layer, a fifth dielectric layer, a second radiation unit and a second feed patch stacked in sequence from bottom to top; the first radiation unit and the first feed patch are located on the same layer, and the second radiation unit and the second feed patch are located on the same layer; the first feed patch and the second feed patch have different shapes and sizes.

[0008] Preferably, the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit each include four electric dipoles arranged at intervals, and a magnetic dipole connected to the metal floor through a metal via; the four electric dipoles arranged at intervals include four patches, and the four patches of the first radiation unit and the four patches of the second radiation unit have different shapes and sizes; the four patches of the first radiation unit are shaped as a first square patch with a gap, and the four patches of the second radiation unit are shaped as a second square patch; the first square patch with a gap has a first gap and a second gap, and the first gap and the second gap have the same shape and size, and are both rectangular gaps with cut corners, one end of the rectangular gap is located on the edge of the first square patch with a gap, and the end of the rectangular gap with a cut corner is located inside the first square patch with a gap; the first gap and the second gap are respectively parallel to the adjacent side lengths of the first square patch with a gap.

[0009] Preferably, the metal floor includes two openings, and a first feeding port and a second feeding port are respectively placed in the two openings. The first feeding port includes a first conductor, and the second feeding port includes a second conductor. The first conductor is electrically connected to an end of the first feeding patch, and the second conductor is electrically connected to an end of the second feeding patch.

[0010] Preferably, the first feeding patch and the second feeding patch are perpendicular to each other and are both I-shaped feeding units.

[0011] Preferably, the first radiation unit is fed by the first feed patch or the second feed patch, and the second radiation unit is fed by the first feed patch or the second feed patch.

[0012] Preferably, when the first feeding port and the second feeding port are fed respectively, the main polarization directions of the antenna are orthogonal; when the first feeding port is fed, the main polarization mode of the antenna is y-polarization, and when the second feeding port is fed, the main polarization mode of the antenna is x-polarization.

[0013] Preferably, the first radiation patch operates in a first frequency band when fed by the first feeding port, the first radiation patch operates in a second frequency band when fed by the second feeding port, the third radiation patch operates in a third frequency band when fed by the first feeding port, and the third radiation patch operates in a fourth frequency band when fed by the second feeding port, wherein the first frequency band, the second frequency band, the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band correspond to different frequency bands.

[0014] The Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna system of the present invention can meet the current shortage of space inside electronic devices and keep up with the trend of thinner and lighter electronic devices. By making antennas working in different frequency bands highly concentrated in physical space and solving the serious mutual coupling problem between antennas in a compact space, the antenna can be miniaturized while reducing signal loss, thereby improving the applicability of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figures 1A to 1D This is a structural diagram of the Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization common-aperture millimeter wave antenna system of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a reflection coefficient curve diagram of the Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization common-aperture millimeter wave antenna system of the present invention operating in the first frequency band and the second frequency band.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a reflection coefficient curve diagram of the Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization common-aperture millimeter wave antenna system of the present invention operating in the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a radiation gain diagram of the Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter-wave antenna system of the present invention when the first radiation patch is fed by the first feeding port.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a radiation gain diagram of the Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter-wave antenna system of the present invention when the first radiation patch is fed by the second feeding port.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a radiation gain diagram of the Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna system of the present invention when the second radiation patch is fed by the first feeding port.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a radiation gain diagram of the Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter-wave antenna system of the present invention when the second radiation patch is fed by the second feeding port.

[0022] Figure 8 The present invention provides a radiation pattern at a first frequency point for the Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter-wave antenna system when fed by a first feeding port.

[0023] Fig. 9 The present invention provides a radiation pattern at a first frequency point for the Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter-wave antenna system when fed by a second feeding port.

[0024] Fig.10 The present invention provides a radiation pattern at a second frequency point for the Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter-wave antenna system when fed by a first feeding port.

[0025] Fig.11 The present invention provides a radiation pattern at a second frequency point for the Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter-wave antenna system when fed by a second feeding port.

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] 100 antenna elements

[0028] 1 Metal Floor

[0029] 2 First dielectric layer

[0030] 3 Second dielectric layer

[0031] 4 Third dielectric layer

[0032] 5 Fourth dielectric layer

[0033] 6 Fifth dielectric layer

[0034] 11. First radiating unit

[0035] 12. Second radiating unit

[0036] 13 First feed patch

[0037] 14 Second feed patch

[0038] 1501~1512 Metal vias

[0039] 111, 112, 113, 114 The first square patch with a gap

[0040] 161, 162, 165, 166 First Gap

[0041] 163, 164, 167, 168 Second Gap

[0042] 121, 122, 123, 124 square patches

[0043] 171, 172 Opening

[0044] 181 Second feeding port

[0045] 182 First feeding port

[0046] 21 First Conductor

[0047] 22 Second conductor DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to more clearly describe the technical content of the present invention, further description is given below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0049] The Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna system of the present invention includes an antenna unit, and the antenna unit includes a metal floor, a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, a third dielectric layer, a first radiation unit and a first feed patch, a fourth dielectric layer, a fifth dielectric layer, a second radiation unit and a second feed patch stacked in sequence from bottom to top, the first radiation unit and the first feed patch are located on the same layer, and the second radiation unit and the second feed patch are located on the same layer; the first feed patch and the second feed patch have different shapes and sizes.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit both include four electric dipoles arranged at intervals, and a magnetic dipole connected to the metal floor through a metal via; the four electric dipoles arranged at intervals include four patches, and the four patches of the first radiation unit and the four patches of the second radiation unit have different shapes and sizes; the four patches of the first radiation unit are shaped as a first square patch with a gap, and the four patches of the second radiation unit are shaped as a second square patch; the first square patch with a gap has a first gap and a second gap, and the first gap and the second gap have the same shape and size, and are both rectangular gaps with cut corners, one end of the rectangular gap is located on the edge of the first square patch with a gap, and the end of the rectangular gap with a cut corner is located inside the first square patch with a gap; the first gap and the second gap are respectively parallel to the adjacent side lengths of the first square patch with a gap.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the metal floor includes two openings, and a first feeding port and a second feeding port are respectively placed in the two openings. The first feeding port includes a first conductor, and the second feeding port includes a second conductor. The first conductor is electrically connected to an end of the first feeding patch, and the second conductor is electrically connected to an end of the second feeding patch.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first feeding patch and the second feeding patch are perpendicular to each other and are both I-shaped feeding units.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first radiating unit is fed by the first feeding patch or the second feeding patch, and the second radiating unit is fed by the first feeding patch or the second feeding patch.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the first feeding port and the second feeding port are fed respectively, the main polarization directions of the antenna are orthogonal; when the first feeding port is fed, the main polarization mode of the antenna is y-polarization, and when the second feeding port is fed, the main polarization mode of the antenna is x-polarization.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first radiation patch operates in a first frequency band when fed at the first feeding port, the first radiation patch operates in a second frequency band when fed at the second feeding port, the third radiation patch operates in a third frequency band when fed at the first feeding port, and the third radiation patch operates in a fourth frequency band when fed at the second feeding port, wherein the first frequency band, the second frequency band, the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band correspond to different frequency bands.

[0056] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna operating in the Ka band is provided, including an antenna unit structure arranged on a packaging substrate. By adjusting the shape and size of the feeding patch and the radiating unit of the antenna unit structure, multi-band and multi-polarization direction operation is achieved. At the same time, the antenna unit structure has a wide working bandwidth and stable radiation performance, and has the characteristics of low profile, high polarization isolation, compact geometric structure and easy processing.

[0057] In a first aspect of the present invention, a Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna is provided. The antenna unit is composed of a plurality of stacked elements, including a metal floor, a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, a third dielectric layer, a first radiation unit and a first feed patch, a fourth dielectric layer, a fifth dielectric layer, a second radiation unit and a second feed patch. The first radiation unit and the first feed patch are located on the same layer, and the second radiation unit and the second feed patch are also located on the same layer.

[0058] The first feed patch has a first shape and a first size, and the second feed patch has a second shape and a second size. The first shape and the second shape are different, and the first size and the second size are different. The dielectric layer is used to isolate different components.

[0059] The first radiation unit and the second radiation unit both include four electric dipoles arranged at intervals, and a magnetic dipole connected to the metal floor through a metal via. The four electric dipoles arranged at intervals are composed of four patches, the four patches of the first radiation unit have a third shape and a third size, and the four patches of the second radiation unit have a fourth shape and a fourth size. The third shape is different from the fourth shape, and the third size is different from the fourth size. The third shape is a first square patch with a gap, wherein the first square patch with a gap has a first gap and a second gap. The fourth shape is a second square patch. The first gap and the second gap have the same shape and size, and are both rectangular gaps with cut corners. One end of the gap is located on the edge of the square patch, and the end of the gap with a cut corner is located inside the square patch. The first gap and the second gap are respectively parallel to the adjacent side lengths of the first square patch with a gap. The differences in shape and size between these patches lead to different radiation characteristics.

[0060] The antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present application is capable of operating in multiple frequency bands and different polarization directions by arranging radiation units of different shapes and sizes in different layers and arranging radiation patches of different shapes and sizes in different layers. In addition, by opening slits in the radiation patches, the antenna can be miniaturized while improving the isolation of different-frequency ports. In addition, since the patches are easy to process and manufacture, the cost of the antenna unit can be reduced, making the antenna unit easier to package and integrate with the RF front-end circuit. Secondly, by constructing a magnetoelectric dipole through patches, the characteristics of the magnetoelectric dipole radiation pattern can be utilized, while achieving high-gain directional radiation.

[0061] Connection structure in the antenna unit: The metal floor also includes two openings, which are used to place the first feed port and the second feed port respectively. The first feed port includes a first conductor, and the second feed port includes a second conductor. The first conductor is electrically connected to the end of the first feed patch. The second conductor is electrically connected to the end of the second feed patch. Such a connection structure ensures that the feed signal can be accurately transmitted to each feed patch.

[0062] Feed patch placement: The first feed patch and the second feed patch are perpendicular to each other and are both I-shaped feed units. This feed patch placement method can achieve multi-frequency and multi-polarization radiation of the antenna.

[0063] Feeding mode of the radiation unit: the first radiation unit is fed by the first feeding patch or the second feeding patch, and the second radiation unit is fed by the third feeding patch or the fourth feeding patch.

[0064] The radiation unit according to claim 2 or 4 is characterized in that the first radiation unit is fed by the first feeding patch or the second feeding patch, and the second radiation unit is fed by the first feeding patch or the second feeding patch.

[0065] When the first feeding port and the second feeding port are fed respectively, the main polarization directions of the antenna are orthogonal; when the first feeding port is fed, the main polarization mode of the antenna is y-polarization, and when the second feeding port is fed, the main polarization mode of the antenna is x-polarization.

[0066] The first radiation patch works in the first frequency band when the first feeding port is fed, the first radiation patch works in the second frequency band when the second feeding port is fed, the third radiation patch works in the third frequency band when the first feeding port is fed, and the third radiation patch works in the fourth frequency band when the second feeding port is fed, wherein the first frequency band, the second frequency band, the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band correspond to different frequency bands. The first frequency band is 23.3 GHz to 27.2 GHz, the second frequency band is 22.8 GHz to 26.4 GHz, the third frequency band is 37.4 GHz to 44.7 GHz, and the fourth frequency band is 36.8 GHz to 44.3 GHz.

[0067] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna unit and an electronic device capable of operating in multiple polarization directions and multiple frequency bands.

[0068] The millimeter wave antenna can be applied to millimeter wave mobile communication or satellite communication frequency bands. In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna unit can operate in the frequency bands including part of the 5G FR2 frequency band n258 (24.25GHz-27.5GHz), n260 (37GHz-40GHz) and the like.

[0069] Figures 1A-1D FIG. 1 is an exemplary structure of an antenna unit 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein Figure 1A is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the antenna unit 100, Figure 1B is a structural exploded diagram of the antenna unit 100, Figure 1C is a side view of the structure of the antenna unit 100, Figure 1D FIG. 1 is a top view of the antenna unit 100 structure.

[0070] In some embodiments, Figure 1A (or Figure 1B ), the antenna unit 100 includes at least five conductive layers (eg, metal, graphene, etc.), and the following is a schematic description using the conductive layer being metal as an example. Figure 1B and 1CAs shown, from bottom to top, there are metal floor 1, first dielectric layer 2, second dielectric layer 3, third dielectric layer 4, first radiation unit 11 and first feed patch 13, fourth dielectric layer 5, fifth dielectric layer 6, second radiation unit 12 and second feed patch 14. Among them, the metal floor 1, first feed patch 13, first radiation unit 11 and second feed patch 14, and the second radiation unit 12 are filled with dielectric (for example, the first dielectric layer 2, second dielectric layer 3, third dielectric layer 4 are filled from bottom to top between the metal floor 1 and the first feed patch 13 and the first radiation unit 11, and the fourth dielectric layer 5 and fifth dielectric layer 6 are filled between the first radiation unit 11 and the first feed patch 13 and the second feed patch 14 and the second radiation unit 12). In some embodiments, the dielectric (first dielectric layer 2, second dielectric layer 3, third dielectric layer 4 or fourth dielectric layer 5, fifth dielectric layer 6) may include a dielectric substrate and a prepreg. The antenna unit using the dielectric layer has the advantages of low profile, small size, and easy processing, and is easy to integrate with integrated circuits. In addition, the use of dielectrics can make the antenna unit more compact.

[0071] In some embodiments, Figure 1C As shown, the medium between the metal floor 1 and the first feeding patch 13 and the first radiating unit 11 and the first feeding patch 13 includes a first dielectric layer 2, a second dielectric layer 3, and a third dielectric layer 4, and the medium between the first feeding patch 13 and the first feeding patch 13 and the second radiating unit 12 and the second feeding patch 14 includes a fourth dielectric layer 5 and a fifth dielectric layer 6 (for example, the dielectric layers 2, 4, and 6 are all Rogers board material Rogers4350B, and the dielectric layers 3 and 5 are all Rogers prepreg Rogers4450F), wherein the thicknesses of the dielectric substrates 2, 4, and 6 are 0.305 mm, 0.202 mm, and 0.202 mm, respectively, and the thicknesses of the dielectric layers 3 and 5 are both 0.102 mm.

[0072] In some embodiments, Figure 1AAs shown, the first radiation unit 11 and the second radiation unit 12 both include four electric dipoles arranged at intervals, and magnetic electric dipoles connected to the metal floor 1 through metal vias 1501-1512. The four electric dipoles arranged at intervals are composed of four patches. The four patches of the first radiation unit 11 are first square patches 111, 112, 113, 114 with gaps, wherein the first square patches 111, 112, 113, 114 with gaps all have first gaps 161, 162, 165, 166 and second gaps 163, 164, 167, 168. The four patches of the second radiation unit 12 are square patches 121, 122, 123, 124. The first gaps 161, 162, 165, 166 and the second gaps 163, 164, 167, 168 have the same shape and size, and are rectangular gaps with cut corners. One end of the slit is located on the edge of the square patch 111, 112, 113, 114, and the end of the slit with a cut corner is located inside the square patch 111, 112, 113, 114. The first slit 161, 162, 165, 166 and the second slit 163, 164, 167, 168 are respectively parallel to the adjacent side lengths of the first square patch with slits 111, 112, 113, 114. The first slit 161, 162, 165, 166 and the second slit 163, 164, 167, 168 are orthogonal, the first slits 161, 162, 165, 166 are parallel to each other, and the second slits 163, 164, 167, 168 are parallel to each other. The first slots 161 , 162 , 165 , 166 and the second slots 163 , 164 , 167 , 168 are parallel to the adjacent sides of the first square patches 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 with slots, respectively.

[0073] In some embodiments, the metal floor 1 is the floor of the antenna unit 100. A hole is opened on the floor for placing a feeding port (such as a coaxial line), or the antenna unit is coupled and fed by coupling, wherein the feeding port feeds the antenna unit. Figure 1B As shown, the metal floor 1 also includes two openings 171 and 172, which are respectively used to place the first feeding port 182 and the second feeding port 181. The first feeding port 181 includes a first conductor 21, and the second feeding port 182 includes a second conductor 22. The first conductor 21 is electrically connected to the end of the first feeding patch 13, and the second conductor 22 is electrically connected to the end of the second feeding patch 14. In some embodiments, the first conductor of the feeding port can be implemented in the form of a probe. For example, the probe of the feeding port has one end electrically connected to the inner conductor of the feeding coaxial line (including physical direct connection and coupling connection), and the other end of the probe is electrically connected to the first radiating unit, and the metal floor is electrically connected to the outer conductor of the feeding coaxial line to achieve grounding.

[0074] In some embodiments, Figure 1B As shown, the first feeding patch 13 and the second feeding patch 14 are perpendicular to each other and are both I-shaped feeding units. Figure 1B As shown, the first radiation unit 11 is fed by the first feeding patch 13 or the second feeding patch 14 , and the second radiation unit 12 is fed by the first feeding patch 13 or the second feeding patch 14 .

[0075] In some embodiments, Figure 1B As shown, when the first feeding port 181 and the second feeding port 182 are fed respectively, the main polarization directions of the antenna are orthogonal; when the first feeding port 181 is fed, the main polarization mode of the antenna is x-polarization, and when the second feeding port is fed, the main polarization mode of the antenna is y-polarization.

[0076] In some embodiments, the first radiating unit 11 operates in a first frequency band of 23.3 GHz to 27.2 GHz when fed at the first feeding port 181, the first radiating unit 11 operates in a second frequency band of 22.8 GHz to 26.4 GHz when fed at the second feeding port 182, the second radiating unit 12 operates in a third frequency band of 37.4 GHz to 44.7 GHz when fed at the first feeding port 181, and the second radiating unit 12 operates in a fourth frequency band of 36.8 GHz to 44.3 GHz when fed at the second feeding port 182.

[0077] In some embodiments, in order to further reduce the size of the antenna unit 100, as shown in FIG. Figure 1A As shown, first slots 161, 162, 165, 166 and second slots 163, 164, 167, 168 of the same shape and size are dug in the first radiation unit 11. The overall size of the antenna unit 100 is less than 5mm×5mm×1mm.

[0078] In the first frequency band of 23.3 GHz to 27.2 GHz and the second frequency band of 22.8 GHz to 26.4 GHz, the antenna unit is fed through the first feeding port 181 or the second feeding port 182 to obtain the gain of the antenna unit with the main polarization in the x-polarization / y-polarization direction.

[0079] Figure 2 The figure shows a reflection coefficient diagram of a schematic antenna unit 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, which operates in a first frequency band of 23.3 GHz to 27.2 GHz and a second frequency band of 22.8 GHz to 26.4 GHz. Figure 3 The figure shows a reflection coefficient diagram of a schematic antenna unit 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, operating in the third frequency band 37.4 GHz to 44.7 GHz and the fourth frequency band 36.8 GHz to 44.3 GHz. Figure 2 and Figure 3It can be seen that when the antenna unit 100 works in the corresponding frequency band, the reflection coefficient is less than -10dB. The antenna unit 100 includes a metal floor 1, a first dielectric layer 2, a second dielectric layer 3, a third dielectric layer 4, a first radiation unit 11 and a first feed patch 13, a fourth dielectric layer 5, a fifth dielectric layer 6, a second radiation unit 12 and a second feed patch 14 which are stacked in sequence.

[0080] Figure 4 The figure shows a radiation gain diagram of a schematic antenna unit 100 of an embodiment of the present application, which is fed by the first feeding port 181 and operates in the first frequency band 23.3 GHz to 27.2 GHz. In the first frequency band 23.3 GHz to 27.2 GHz, the antenna unit 100 is fed by the first feeding port 181 and the first conductor 21 is electrically connected to the second radiation patch 14 to obtain the gain of the antenna unit with the main polarization being x-polarization. Figure 5 The figure shows a radiation gain diagram of a schematic antenna unit 100 of an embodiment of the present application, which is fed by the second feeding port 182 and operates in the second frequency band 22.8 GHz to 26.4 GHz. In the second frequency band 22.8 GHz to 26.4 GHz, the antenna unit 100 is fed by the second feeding port 182 and the second conductor 22 is electrically connected to the first radiation patch 13 to obtain the gain of the antenna unit with the main polarization being y polarization. Figure 6 The figure shows a radiation gain diagram of a schematic antenna unit 100 of an embodiment of the present application, which is fed by the first feeding port 21 and operates in the third frequency band 37.4 GHz to 44.7 GHz. In the third frequency band 37.4 GHz to 44.7 GHz, the antenna unit 100 is fed by the first feeding port 181 and the first conductor 21 is electrically connected to the second radiation patch 14, so as to obtain the gain of the antenna unit with the main polarization being x-polarization. Figure 7 The figure shows a radiation gain diagram of a schematic antenna unit 100 of an embodiment of the present application, which is fed by the second feeding port 182 and operates in the fourth frequency band of 36.8 GHz to 44.3 GHz. In the fourth frequency band of 36.8 GHz to 44.3 GHz, the antenna unit 100 is fed by the second feeding port 182 and the second conductor 222 is electrically connected to the first radiation patch 13 to obtain the gain of the antenna unit with the main polarization being y polarization. The antenna unit 100 has a relatively flat gain curve in both polarization directions and in the corresponding operating frequency band, and has good performance of stable radiation.

[0081] Figure 8 The figure shows a schematic radiation pattern of the antenna unit 100 of the embodiment of the present application when it is fed by the first feeding port 181 at the first frequency point 25 GHz. The main polarization direction of the antenna unit 100 is Equal to 0 degrees (in Figure 1AThe corresponding spherical coordinate system is established based on the rectangular coordinate system in Equals 90 degrees. Fig. 9 The figure shows a schematic radiation pattern of the antenna unit 100 of the embodiment of the present application when it is fed by the second feeding port 182 at the first frequency point 25 GHz. The main polarization direction of the antenna unit 100 is is equal to 90 degrees, and the cross-polarization direction is Equal to 0 degrees. Fig.10 The figure shows a radiation pattern of a schematic antenna unit 100 of an embodiment of the present application when it is fed by the first feeding port 181 at the second frequency point 40 GHz. The main polarization direction of the antenna unit 100 is is equal to 0 degrees, and the cross-polarization direction is Equals 90 degrees. Fig.11 The figure shows a schematic radiation pattern of the antenna unit 100 of the embodiment of the present application when it is fed by the second feeding port 182 at the second frequency point 40 GHz. The main polarization direction of the antenna unit 100 is is equal to 90 degrees, and the cross-polarization direction is Equal to 0 degrees. Figure 8-Figure 11 It can be seen that when fed by different feeding ports, in the frequency band in which the antenna unit 100 operates, the main polarization is greater than the cross polarization, and the difference between the two is more than 17 dB.

[0082] The technical solution of the present invention adopts a magneto-electric dipole antenna to realize a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna design, based on the joint working mode of electric dipole and magnetic dipole in electromagnetic theory, and realizes frequency separation and polarization control by adjusting the position and structure of magnetic dipole and electric dipole.

[0083] The technical solution of the present invention can ensure effective radiation at two frequencies and have desired polarization characteristics by designing the layout of electric dipoles and magnetic dipoles and the coupling relationship between them.

[0084] In order to realize dual-frequency, the technical solution of the present invention introduces a filtering structure by opening a slit on the first layer of radiation patch to generate a 180-degree reverse current to suppress the clutter between the two working frequency bands.

[0085] The specific implementation scheme of this embodiment can refer to the relevant description in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0086] It can be understood that the same or similar parts of the above embodiments can be referenced to each other, and the contents not described in detail in some embodiments can refer to the same or similar contents in other embodiments.

[0087] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" refers to at least two.

[0088] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0089] The Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna system of the present invention can meet the current shortage of space inside electronic devices and keep up with the trend of thinner and lighter electronic devices. By making antennas working in different frequency bands highly concentrated in physical space and solving the serious mutual coupling problem between antennas in a compact space, the antenna can be miniaturized while reducing signal loss, thereby improving the applicability of the antenna.

[0090] In this specification, the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. However, it is apparent that various modifications and variations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the specification and drawings should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.

Claims

1. A Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna system, characterized in that: The system includes an antenna unit, which includes a metal floor, a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, a third dielectric layer, a first radiation unit and a first feed patch, a fourth dielectric layer, a fifth dielectric layer, a second radiation unit and a second feed patch stacked in sequence from bottom to top. The first radiation unit and the first feed patch are located on the same layer, and the second radiation unit and the second feed patch are located on the same layer; the first feed patch and the second feed patch have different shapes and sizes.

2. The Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first radiation unit and the second radiation unit each include four electric dipoles arranged at intervals, and a magnetic dipole connected to the metal floor through a metal via; the four electric dipoles arranged at intervals include four patches, and the four patches of the first radiation unit and the four patches of the second radiation unit have different shapes and sizes; the four patches of the first radiation unit are shaped as a first square patch with a gap, and the four patches of the second radiation unit are shaped as a second square patch; the first square patch with a gap has a first gap and a second gap, and the first gap and the second gap have the same shape and size, and are both rectangular gaps with cut corners, one end of the rectangular gap is located on the edge of the first square patch with a gap, and the end of the rectangular gap with a cut corner is located inside the first square patch with a gap; the first gap and the second gap are respectively parallel to the adjacent side lengths of the first square patch with a gap.

3. The Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal floor comprises two openings, a first feeding port and a second feeding port are respectively placed in the two openings, the first feeding port comprises a first conductor, the second feeding port comprises a second conductor, the first conductor is electrically connected to the end of the first feeding patch, and the second conductor is electrically connected to the end of the second feeding patch.

4. The Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first feeding patch and the second feeding patch are perpendicular to each other and are both I-shaped feeding units.

5. The Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first radiating unit is fed by the first feeding patch or the second feeding patch, and the second radiating unit is fed by the first feeding patch or the second feeding patch.

6. The Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: When the first feeding port and the second feeding port are fed respectively, the main polarization directions of the antenna are orthogonal; when the first feeding port is fed, the main polarization mode of the antenna is y polarization, and when the second feeding port is fed, the main polarization mode of the antenna is x polarization.

7. The Ka-band dual-frequency dual-polarization co-aperture millimeter wave antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first radiation patch operates in a first frequency band when fed at the first feeding port, the first radiation patch operates in a second frequency band when fed at the second feeding port, the third radiation patch operates in a third frequency band when fed at the first feeding port, and the third radiation patch operates in a fourth frequency band when fed at the second feeding port, wherein the first frequency band, the second frequency band, the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band correspond to different frequency bands.

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