Icebreaker auxiliary icebreaking method based on adjustment of ballast water induced pitching motion

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ship and ocean icebreaking, and particularly relates to an icebreaker auxiliary icebreaking method based on adjustment of ballast water induced pitching motion. The water ballast tanks are arranged in the head area and the tail area in the icebreaker, in the continuous icebreaking process, the carrying process between the water ballast tanks in the head area and the water ballast tanks in the tail area is repeatedly executed, the icebreaker generates the additional pitch angle of 3-7 degrees, and the icebreaking effect is improved. The water ballast tanks are arranged in the left side area and the right side area in the icebreaker, when the icebreaker is trapped in an ice group, the ice breaker generates a continuous rolling process by repeatedly executing the carrying process between the water ballast tanks in the left side area and the water ballast tanks in the right side area, the icebreaker is helped to break large ice layers in the ice group, and the ice breaking efficiency is improved. And ice breaking and escape are assisted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ship and ocean icebreaking, and in particular relates to an auxiliary icebreaking method for an icebreaker based on regulating ballast water to induce pitching motion. Background Art

[0002] As global warming accelerates the melting of ice and snow in the Arctic and its neighboring areas, the opening of Arctic shipping routes, polar resource exploration and scientific research activities have ushered in unprecedented opportunities. However, ships still face severe challenges in sailing in this extreme ice zone. As special ships sailing in polar regions, icebreakers have a wealth of improvement methods and great innovation potential. Adding some new auxiliary icebreaking systems can significantly improve the icebreaking ability of ships. Well-known auxiliary icebreaking systems include water spray-assisted icebreaking systems, bubble-assisted icebreaking systems and rapid roll systems. Icebreaking can also be assisted by adjusting ballast water to induce pitching motion. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary icebreaking method for an icebreaker based on regulating ballast water to induce pitching motion.

[0004] An icebreaker auxiliary icebreaking method based on adjusting ballast water to induce pitching motion, wherein ballast water tanks are arranged in the bow area and the stern area of ​​the icebreaker; in an initial state, the ballast water tanks in the bow area and the ballast water tanks in the stern area both store half of the volume of liquid;

[0005] During the continuous icebreaking process, the icebreaker first generates a continuous icebreaking elevation angle by itself, and then all the liquid in the ballast water tank in the bow area of ​​the icebreaker is transferred to the ballast water tank in the stern area in a short time, so that the center of gravity of the icebreaker moves toward the stern, and the icebreaker generates an additional elevation angle on the basis of the continuous icebreaking elevation angle; when the bow of the icebreaker begins to descend, all the liquid in the ballast water tank in the stern area of ​​the icebreaker is transferred to the ballast water tank in the bow area in a short time, so that the center of gravity of the icebreaker moves toward the bow, and the icebreaker generates an additional depression angle, so that the icebreaker generates greater pressure in the process of crushing the ice layer with the bow.

[0006] Furthermore, the ballast water tank in the bow area is of the same size as the ballast water tank in the stern area; during the continuous icebreaking process, the icebreaker generates an additional pitch angle of 3° to 7° by repeatedly performing the transfer process between the ballast water tank in the bow area and the ballast water tank in the stern area.

[0007] Furthermore, the length of the ballast water tanks in the bow and stern regions is 1 The range is 0.10L<a 1 <0.13L, width b 1 The range is 0.31B<b 1 <0.44B, height h 1The range is 0.60H<h 1 <0.74H, the distance x from the center of the bow area ballast water tank to the center of the stern area ballast water tank is in the range of 0.87L<x<0.90L, and meets the following requirements:

[0008]

[0009] Where L, B, H are the length, width and height of the icebreaker; Δ is the current displacement of the icebreaker; ρ 1 is the density of the liquid in the ballast water tanks in the bow and stern areas; The longitudinal stability of the icebreaker is high.

[0010] Furthermore, the time for a single liquid transfer between the bow area ballast water tank and the stern area ballast water tank shall not exceed 2 seconds. Except for the first transfer, the volume of liquid transferred each time is a 1 b 1 h 1 .

[0011] Furthermore, ballast water tanks are arranged in the left area and the right area of ​​the icebreaker; in the initial state, the ballast water tanks in the left area and the ballast water tanks in the right area both store half the volume of liquid; the ballast water tanks in the left area are only interconnected with the ballast water tanks in the right area, and the ballast water tanks in the bow area are only interconnected with the ballast water tanks in the stern area; when the icebreaker is trapped in the ice group, the ballast water tanks in the left area and the ballast water tanks in the right area are repeatedly transferred to make the icebreaker produce a continuous rolling process, thereby assisting in breaking the ice and escaping.

[0012] Furthermore, the ballast water tanks in the left area are of the same size as the ballast water tanks in the right area; during the auxiliary icebreaking and escape process, the icebreaker generates an additional roll angle of 5° to 10° by repeating the transfer process between the ballast water tanks in the left area and the ballast water tanks in the right area.

[0013] Furthermore, the length a of the ballast water tanks in the left and right areas is 2 The range is 0.049L<a 2 <0.065L, width b 2 The range is 0.18B<b 2 <0.22B, height h 2 The range is 0.30H<h 2 <0.37H, the distance y from the center of the ballast water tank in the left area to the center of the ballast water tank in the right area is in the range of 0.78B<y<0.82B, and meets the following requirements:

[0014]

[0015] Where L, B, H are the length, width and height of the icebreaker; Δ is the current displacement of the icebreaker; ρ2 is the density of the liquid in the ballast water tanks in the left and right areas; For the initial stability of the icebreaker.

[0016] Furthermore, the time for a single liquid transfer between the left ballast water tank and the right ballast water tank shall not exceed 2 seconds. Except for the first transfer, the volume of liquid transferred each time is a 2 b 2 h 2 .

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The present invention sets ballast water tanks in the bow area and the stern area of ​​the icebreaker. In the continuous icebreaking process, the icebreaker generates an additional pitch angle of 3° to 7° by repeatedly performing the transfer process between the bow area ballast water tank and the stern area ballast water tank, thereby improving the icebreaking effect. The present invention sets ballast water tanks in the left area and the right area of ​​the icebreaker. When the icebreaker is trapped in the ice group, the icebreaker generates a continuous rolling process by repeatedly performing the transfer process between the left area ballast water tank and the right area ballast water tank, thereby helping the icebreaker to break the large ice in the ice group and assisting in breaking the ice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of an assisted icebreaking method for an icebreaker based on regulating the ballast water-induced pitching motion.

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the additional elevation angle generated when an icebreaker comes into contact with the ice.

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of generating additional depression angle for icebreaker during icebreaking process.

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the work to assist in breaking ice and escaping from distress.

[0023] Figure numerals: bow area ballast water tank 1, stern area ballast water tank 2, right area ballast water tank 3, left area ballast water tank 4, bow water pipeline 5, stern water pipeline 6, right side water pipeline 7, left side water pipeline 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The present invention provides an auxiliary icebreaking method for an icebreaker based on adjusting the pitching motion induced by ballast water. Ballast water is an important means on a ship for adjusting the stability, balance and buoyancy of the ship. The main functions of ballast water include improving stability, adjusting draft, improving maneuverability and protecting the hull structure. The present invention arranges ballast water tanks in the bow area and the stern area of ​​the icebreaker, and on the basis of the icebreaker continuously breaking ice and continuously advancing forward to crush the ice layer, the auxiliary icebreaking is completed by continuously changing the position of the ballast water.

[0026] In the initial state, the ballast water tanks in the bow area and the ballast water tanks in the stern area both store half of their volume of liquid; in the continuous icebreaking process, the icebreaker itself first generates a continuous icebreaking elevation angle, and then all the liquid in the ballast water tanks in the bow area of ​​the icebreaker is transferred to the ballast water tanks in the stern area in a short time, so that the center of gravity of the icebreaker moves toward the stern, and the icebreaker generates an additional elevation angle on the basis of the continuous icebreaking elevation angle; when the bow of the icebreaker begins to descend, all the liquid in the ballast water tanks in the stern area of ​​the icebreaker is transferred to the ballast water tanks in the bow area in a short time, so that the center of gravity of the icebreaker moves toward the bow, the icebreaker generates an additional depression angle, and the icebreaker generates greater pressure in the process of using the bow to crush the ice layer.

[0027]

[0028] Where, θ is the pitch angle; ρ is the density of the liquid in the ballast tank; a is the internal length of the ballast tank, b is the internal width of the ballast tank, and h is the internal length of the ballast tank. 1 is the ballast water height, x is the distance from the center of the bow area ballast water tank to the center of the stern area ballast water tank; Δ is the current displacement of the icebreaker; The longitudinal center of stability of the icebreaker is high; It is the longitudinal metacenter height of the icebreaker after adding ballast water; the length of the icebreaker is L, the width is B, and the height is H.

[0029] Taking into account the stability and feasibility of the icebreaker, the ballast water tank in the bow area and the ballast water tank in the stern area are the same size in the present invention; during the continuous icebreaking process, the icebreaker generates an additional pitch angle of 3° to 7° by repeatedly executing the transfer process between the ballast water tank in the bow area and the ballast water tank in the stern area.

[0030] Considering the volume limitation of icebreaker, the length of ballast water tanks in the bow and stern areas is 1 The range is 0.10L<a 1 <0.13L, width b 1 The range is 0.31B<b 1 <0.44B, height h 1 The range is 0.60H<h 1<0.74H, the distance x from the center of the bow area ballast water tank to the center of the stern area ballast water tank is in the range of 0.87L<x<0.90L, and meets the following requirements:

[0031]

[0032] The time for a single liquid transfer between the forward ballast water tank and the aft ballast water tank shall not exceed 2 seconds. Except for the first transfer (the volume of the first transfer is half), the volume of the liquid transferred each time is a 1 b 1 h 1 .

[0033] Ballast water tanks are set in the left and right areas of the icebreaker; in the initial state, the ballast water tanks in the left and right areas both store half the volume of liquid; the ballast water tanks in the left area are only interconnected with the ballast water tanks in the right area, and the ballast water tanks in the bow area are only interconnected with the ballast water tanks in the stern area; when the icebreaker is trapped in the ice group, the ballast water tanks in the left and right areas are repeatedly transferred to make the icebreaker produce a continuous rolling process, thereby assisting in breaking the ice and escaping.

[0034] The ballast water tanks in the left area are the same size as those in the right area. During the auxiliary icebreaking and escape process, the icebreaker generates an additional roll angle of 5° to 10° by repeating the transfer process between the ballast water tanks in the left area and the ballast water tanks in the right area.

[0035] Length of ballast water tanks on the left and right sides a 2 The range is 0.049L<a 2 <0.065L, width b 2 The range is 0.18B<b 2 <0.22B, height h 2 The range is 0.30H<h 2 <0.37H, the distance y from the center of the ballast water tank in the left area to the center of the ballast water tank in the right area is in the range of 0.78B<y<0.82B, and meets the following requirements:

[0036]

[0037] Among them, ρ 2 is the density of the liquid in the ballast water tanks in the left and right areas; For the initial stability of the icebreaker.

[0038] The time for a single liquid transfer between the left ballast water tank and the right ballast water tank shall not exceed 2s. Except for the first transfer (the volume of the first liquid transfer is half), the volume of liquid transferred each time is a 2 b 2 h2 .

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] In this embodiment, the icebreaker has a displacement of Δ13990 tons and a longitudinal metacentric height of The ship length L is 122.5m, the ship width B is 22.5m, and the ship depth H is 13.5m. Considering the stability and feasibility of the icebreaker, the minimum elevation angle of the present invention is 18° and the maximum pitch angle is 22°, that is, 3° and 7° are increased on the basis of the continuous icebreaking pitch angle of 15°, respectively. At this time, the weight of the required ballast water is 700-1600 tons, which is the maximum value of the ballast water weight; in this embodiment, the inner diameters of the bow and stern ballast water tanks are respectively long a and long t. 1 =12m, width b 1 =10m, height h 1 =10m, the center distance of the bow and stern ballast tanks x = 100m. According to calculations: for every 230 tons of ballast water moved, the pitch angle of the icebreaker will increase by 1°; in the initial state, half the height of ballast water (i.e. 800 tons) is added to the bow and stern ballast tanks respectively, and when all the ballast water is transferred from one ballast tank to another, the pitch angle increases by 3.5°. With the movement of the hull, the weight of the second transfer of ballast water can reach 1,200 tons, and the pitch angle can increase by 7°, reaching the optimal state, that is, the pitch angle of the icebreaker increases from 15° to 22°.

[0041] When the icebreaker is trapped in the ice, the position of the ballast water in the ballast water tanks on the left and right sides of the ship can be adjusted to achieve the ship rolling process and help the icebreaker escape. In this embodiment, the initial metacentric height GM of the icebreaker is 0.8m. Considering the stability and feasibility of the icebreaker, the roll angle generated in this embodiment is 5° to 10°. At this time, the weight of the ballast water required is 100-200 tons, which is the maximum weight of the ballast water. In this embodiment, the inner diameters of the left and right ballast water tanks are respectively long a and long t. 2 =5m, width b 2 =4m, height h 2 =5m, the center distance of the left and right ballast tanks is y=10m. According to calculations, for every 20 tons of ballast water moved, the roll angle of the icebreaker will increase by 1°; in the initial state, half the height of ballast water (i.e. 50 tons) is added to the left and right ballast tanks respectively, and when all the ballast water is transferred from one ballast tank to another, the pitch angle increases by 2.5°. With the movement of the hull, the weight of the second transfer of ballast water can reach 100 tons, and the roll angle can be increased by 10° at this time, reaching the best state for getting out of trouble.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assisted icebreaking method for an icebreaker based on adjusting ballast water to induce pitching motion, characterized in that: Ballast water tanks are set in the bow area and the stern area of ​​the icebreaker; in the initial state, the ballast water tanks in the bow area and the ballast water tanks in the stern area both store half of the volume of liquid; During the continuous icebreaking process, the icebreaker first generates a continuous icebreaking elevation angle by itself, and then all the liquid in the ballast water tank in the bow area of ​​the icebreaker is transferred to the ballast water tank in the stern area in a short time, so that the center of gravity of the icebreaker moves toward the stern, and the icebreaker generates an additional elevation angle on the basis of the continuous icebreaking elevation angle; when the bow of the icebreaker begins to descend, all the liquid in the ballast water tank in the stern area of ​​the icebreaker is transferred to the ballast water tank in the bow area in a short time, so that the center of gravity of the icebreaker moves toward the bow, and the icebreaker generates an additional depression angle, so that the icebreaker generates greater pressure in the process of crushing the ice layer with the bow.

2. The icebreaker auxiliary icebreaking method based on adjusting ballast water to induce pitching motion according to claim 1 is characterized by: The ballast water tank in the bow area is of the same size as the ballast water tank in the stern area; during the continuous icebreaking process, the icebreaker generates an additional pitch angle of 3° to 7° by repeatedly executing the transfer process between the ballast water tank in the bow area and the ballast water tank in the stern area.

3. The icebreaker auxiliary icebreaking method based on adjusting ballast water to induce pitching motion according to claim 2 is characterized by: The length a1 of the ballast water tanks in the bow and stern regions is in the range of 0.10L<a1<0.13L, the width b1 is in the range of 0.31B<b1<0.44B, the height h1 is in the range of 0.60H<h1<0.74H, and the distance x from the center of the ballast water tank in the bow region to the center of the ballast water tank in the stern region is in the range of 0.87L<x<0.90L, and meets the following requirements: Among them, L, B, H are the length, width and height of the icebreaker; Δ is the current displacement of the icebreaker; ρ1 is the density of the liquid in the ballast water tanks in the bow and stern areas; The longitudinal stability of the icebreaker is high.

4. The auxiliary icebreaking method for an icebreaker based on adjusting ballast water to induce pitching motion according to claim 3 is characterized by: The time for a single liquid transfer between the bow area ballast water tank and the stern area ballast water tank shall not exceed 2s. Except for the first transfer, the volume of liquid transferred each time is a1b1h1.

5. The auxiliary icebreaking method for an icebreaker based on adjusting ballast water to induce pitching motion according to claim 1, characterized in that: Ballast water tanks are set up in the left and right areas of the icebreaker; in the initial state, the ballast water tanks in the left area and the ballast water tanks in the right area both store half of the volume of liquid; the ballast water tanks in the left area are only interconnected with the ballast water tanks in the right area, and the ballast water tanks in the bow area are only interconnected with the ballast water tanks in the stern area; When the icebreaker is trapped in the ice group, the ballast water tanks in the left area and the right area are repeatedly transferred to make the icebreaker produce a continuous rolling process, which assists in breaking the ice and escaping.

6. The auxiliary icebreaking method for an icebreaker based on adjusting ballast water to induce pitching motion according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ballast water tanks in the left area are of the same size as those in the right area. During the auxiliary icebreaking and escape process, the icebreaker generates an additional roll angle of 5° to 10° by repeating the transfer process between the ballast water tanks in the left area and the ballast water tanks in the right area.

7. The icebreaker auxiliary icebreaking method based on adjusting ballast water to induce pitching motion according to claim 6 is characterized by: The length a2 of the ballast water tanks in the left and right regions is in the range of 0.049L<a2<0.065L, the width b2 is in the range of 0.18B<b2<0.22B, the height h2 is in the range of 0.30H<h2<0.37H, the distance y from the center of the ballast water tank in the left region to the center of the ballast water tank in the right region is in the range of 0.78B<y<0.82B, and meets the following requirements: Among them, L, B, H are the length, width and height of the icebreaker; Δ is the current displacement of the icebreaker; ρ2 is the density of the liquid in the ballast water tanks in the left and right areas; For the initial stability of the icebreaker.

8. The icebreaker auxiliary icebreaking method based on adjusting ballast water to induce pitching motion according to claim 7 is characterized by: The time for a single liquid transfer between the left-side ballast water tank and the right-side ballast water tank shall not exceed 2s. Except for the first transfer, the volume of liquid transferred each time is a2b2h2.

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