Seawall ecological slope protection structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

According to the seawall ecological slope protection structure and the construction method thereof, the seawall ecological slope protection structure comprises a seawall body, the seawall body is filled with mud filling pipe bags, a wave wall is arranged at the top of the seawall body, a bagged gravel layer is laid on the slope surface of the seawall body, a polyurethane gravel protection slope is laid on the bagged gravel layer, and a wave dissipation platform is arranged on the slope surface; according to the seawall, the structural porosity of the seawall can be effectively improved, energy transportation and material exchange between the ocean and the land can be continued, meanwhile, the wave dissipation effect is good, and the structure is resistant to corrosion; the method is simple in form and high in universality, the construction step of cast-in-place concrete of a traditional seawall concrete slope protection structure is basically avoided, the site construction period and maintenance period are greatly shortened, the porosity of the polyurethane gravel slope protection is high, plant growth is facilitated, and the ecological property of the seawall structure is improved; and a good ecological effect can be created.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seawall slope protection structures, and in particular to a seawall ecological slope protection structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the first line of defense for coastal cities against wind and waves, the construction of seawalls plays a vital role in the safety of life and property of coastal people. However, due to the influence of traditional means and design concepts, seawalls built based on the single function of disaster prevention and reduction generally have problems of engineering and rigid interfaces. Most of the projects also use concrete materials for protection. The early construction of seawalls basically cut off the connection between land and sea, ignoring the need for coastal ecological protection.

[0003] The coastal zone is a transition zone between marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Especially for typical wetland ecosystems such as shallow sea mudflats, sandy beaches, and mangroves, seawalls usually run through them. The concrete structure of traditional seawalls affects the natural form of the coast, blocks the energy transport and material exchange between the ocean and the land, reduces the self-purification function of the coastal waters, and artificially divides the integrity of the coastal ecosystem, affecting the surrounding ecological environment system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seawall ecological slope protection structure and a construction method thereof, so as to overcome the limitations of traditional seawalls in isolating energy exchange between sea and land, the low porosity of cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures, poor wave-breaking effects, and poor corrosion resistance of steel bars.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a structure of seawall ecological slope protection, including a seawall body, the seawall body is filled with mud-filled tube bags, a wave-breaking wall is arranged on the top of the seawall body, a bagged gravel layer is laid on the slope of the seawall body, a polyurethane gravel slope protection is laid on the bagged gravel layer, a wave-breaking platform is arranged on the slope, a lattice stone cage is arranged at the corner between the wave-breaking platform and the slope, a foot-protecting stone cage is laid at the foot of the seawall body, and an intertidal zone biological habitat is arranged on the sea side of the foot-protecting stone cage.

[0006] Furthermore, the polyurethane crushed stone slope protection is formed by crushed stone aggregates bonded by polyurethane adhesive to form a permeable bank protection structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the cross-section of the wave-breaking wall is an L-shaped structure, which is made of fiber-reinforced plastic bars and concrete-cast concrete.

[0008] Furthermore, the wave-breaking platform is provided with a protective pad, which is a rectangular parallelepiped and is composed of a mesh woven with fiber-reinforced plastic ribs, including a cover plate, side plates, end plates, partition plates and a bottom plate, forming a plurality of partitioned spaces.

[0009] Furthermore, the stem gabion and foot-protecting gabion include an array of gabions, each of which is a cube and is composed of a mesh woven with fiber-reinforced plastic bars, including a cover plate, side plates, end plates and a bottom plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the mattress and the gabion are filled with pebbles, stone flakes or stone blocks, with a void ratio not exceeding 30%, a strength grade of MU30, a specific gravity not less than 2.5t / cubic meter, and a filling stone particle size of 100mm to 300mm.

[0011] Furthermore, a single small ecological fish reef is arranged in the intertidal zone biological habitat. The single small ecological fish reef has openings of different shapes. Through the arrangement, a favorable habitat is provided for intertidal zone organisms, thereby increasing the ecology of the seawall structure.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1, survey and set out, determine the layout of the seawall structure on the beach according to the design requirements and plane position of the drawings, and make marking lines;

[0014] S2, embankment filling: according to the layout position, the existing beach surface is cleared and geotextiles are laid, and mud-filled tube bags are filled on the top of the geotextiles according to the design section of the drawings;

[0015] S3, footing gabion construction, select the gabions of reasonable size according to the wave elements of the sea area and the on-site terrain conditions, and arrange the corresponding number of gabions at the foot of the embankment according to the requirements of the drawings;

[0016] S4, polyurethane crushed stone slope protection construction, make polyurethane crushed stone, then design the slope ratio according to the drawings, lay a layer of geotextile after leveling the slope, lay bagged crushed stone layer and polyurethane crushed stone on the top of the geotextile in sequence, and start maintenance immediately after laying and compacting the slope surface;

[0017] S5, construction of wave-breaking platform, laying a geotextile at the bottom of the platform, and laying a crushed stone cushion layer and a gabion on the geotextile in sequence;

[0018] S6, construction of wave-breaking wall: geotextile and cushion layer are laid on the top of the slope according to the survey and layout, and then the section and reinforcement of the wave-breaking wall are designed according to the drawings, and after tying the fiber-reinforced plastic reinforcement, the concrete is poured in the formwork and maintained;

[0019] Further, the stone is cleaned and dried using equipment such as a stone dryer, a cyclone dust collector, and a bag dust collector, and the treated crushed stone is then screened through a vibrating screen;

[0020] According to the volume of the mixed aggregate, a certain amount of polyurethane material A and material B are weighed, mixed evenly with the crushed stone, and then the polyurethane adhesive is added to mix to ensure that the surface of each piece of crushed stone aggregate is covered with a polyurethane film.

[0021] Furthermore, the prepared polyurethane gravel is transported to the construction site for paving. During construction, a construction area is divided every 2 to 4 meters, and longitudinal wooden molds are erected. Construction lines are used between two wooden molds to control the thickness and flatness of the slope protection. After the aggregate is poured, it is quickly leveled with tools, and then the back of a shovel is used to pat and compact the mixture to ensure that the thickness of the mixture meets the design requirements.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects and improvements:

[0023] The new type of seawall ecological slope protection structure is composed of mud-filled tube bags, geotextiles, fiber-reinforced plastic reinforced concrete wave-breaking walls, polyurethane gravel slope protection, wave-breaking platforms, lattice gabions, footing gabions, and intertidal zone biological habitats. This type of slope protection can effectively improve the structural porosity of the seawall, continue the energy transportation and material exchange between the ocean and the land, and has good wave-breaking effects and corrosion-resistant structures. The new type of ecological slope protection structure is simple in structure and highly versatile, and basically avoids the construction steps of cast-in-place concrete for traditional seawall concrete slope protection structures. At the same time, the polyurethane gravel slope protection can reach 90% of its strength after 24 hours. It greatly shortens the construction and maintenance cycles on site, and has less environmental impact; the polyurethane gravel slope protection has a high porosity, which is conducive to plant growth and increases the ecological nature of the seawall structure; and when the slope protection structure is maintained or remodeled in the future, the new slope protection can be quickly repaired and removed, solving the problem of hard concrete being difficult to remove and waste concrete being easily retained in the soil, reducing the impact on the ecology; the wave-breaking platform and the seawall footing use fiber-reinforced plastic pads and gabions, which can be made on site and directly laid for construction, and the fiber-reinforced plastic bars are highly corrosion-resistant and high-strength, avoiding the high maintenance cost of traditional structures. The seawall foot uses single fish reefs with openings of different shapes and sizes to arrange an intertidal biological habitat of a certain scale, which is conducive to creating a good ecological effect BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of a seawall ecological slope protection structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 4 is a structural diagram of a protective pad according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 2 is a gabion structure diagram according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 A diagram showing a single artificial fish reef structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention

[0029] Description of reference numerals:

[0030] Mud-filled tube bag 1 Geotextile 2 Bag-packed gravel layer 3 Polyurethane gravel slope protection 4 Wave-breaking wall 5 Wave-breaking platform 6 Grid stone cage 7 Foot stone cage 8 Intertidal zone biological habitat 9 Embankment road 10 Aquatic plants 11 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the following description, reference is made to “some embodiments”, which describes a subset of all possible embodiments, but it can be understood that “some embodiments” can be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0033] If similar descriptions of "first / second" appear in the application documents, the following explanation is added. In the following description, the terms "first\second\third" involved are used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of the objects. It can be understood that "first\second\third" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0035] This embodiment discloses a seawall ecological slope protection structure, such as Figure 1 As shown, the seawall ecological slope protection structure includes a seawall body, a mud-filled tube bag 1, a geotextile 2, a bagged gravel layer 3, a polyurethane gravel slope protection 4, a wave-breaking wall 5, a wave-breaking platform 6, a lattice gabion 7, and a foot protection gabion 8.

[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment, the mud-filled tube bag 1 is used to fill the embankment, and the embankment is paved with a geotextile 2. A wave-breaking wall 5 is set on the top of the embankment, and a bagged gravel layer 3 is laid on the slope of the seawall body, and a polyurethane gravel slope protection 4 is laid on the bagged gravel layer 3. A wave-breaking platform 6 is set on the slope, and a grid-stem gabion 7 is set at the corner between the wave-breaking platform 6 and the slope. A foot-protecting gabion 8 is laid at the foot of the seawall body, and an intertidal zone biological habitat 9 is set on the sea side of the foot-protecting gabion. A road 10 is laid on the top of the seawall body, and aquatic plants 11 are planted on the slope after the polyurethane gravel slope protection 4 is laid.

[0037] Preferably, the polyurethane gravel slope protection 4 is made of gravel aggregate bonded by polyurethane adhesive to form a permeable bank protection structure. The cross section of the wave-breaking wall 5 is an L-shaped structure, and is made of fiber-reinforced plastic ribs cast in concrete.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the wave-breaking platform 6 is provided with a protective pad, which is a rectangular parallelepiped and is composed of a mesh woven with fiber-reinforced plastic ribs, including a cover plate, side plates, end plates, partition plates and a bottom plate, forming a plurality of partitioned spaces.

[0039] like Figure 3 The stem gabion 7 and foot protection gabion 8 shown include an array of gabions, each of which is a cube and is composed of a mesh body woven with fiber reinforced plastic bars, including a cover plate, side plates, end plates and a bottom plate, wherein the FRP bars are woven into a hexagonal double-twisted FRP mesh.

[0040] The cushions and gabions are filled with pebbles, stone pieces or blocks, with a void ratio not exceeding 30%, strength grade MU30, specific gravity not less than 2.5t / cubic meter, and the filling stone particle size is 100mm to 300mm.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, single small ecological fish reefs are arranged in the intertidal zone biological habitat. The single small ecological fish has openings of different shapes. Through the arrangement, a favorable habitat is provided for intertidal zone organisms, thereby increasing the ecology of the seawall structure.

[0042] In this embodiment, the seawall ecological revetment structure can effectively improve the structural porosity of the seawall, continue the energy transport and material exchange between the ocean and the land, and at the same time, the wave elimination effect is good and the structure is corrosion-resistant. The new ecological slope protection structure is simple in type and has strong versatility. It basically avoids the construction steps of cast-in-place concrete of the traditional seawall concrete slope protection structure. At the same time, the polyurethane gravel slope protection can reach 90% of its strength after 24 hours, which greatly shortens the construction period and maintenance period on site, and has less environmental impact. The polyurethane gravel slope protection has high porosity, is conducive to plant growth, increases the ecological nature of the seawall structure, and the new slope protection can be quickly repaired and removed when the seawall ecological revetment structure is maintained or reconstructed in the future, solving the defects of hard concrete being difficult to remove and easy to retain waste concrete in the soil, reducing the impact on the ecology. The wave elimination platform and the seawall footing adopt fiber-reinforced plastic rib pads and gabions, which can be made on site and directly laid for construction, and the fiber-reinforced plastic ribs have strong corrosion resistance and high strength, avoiding the defects of high maintenance costs of traditional structures. At the foot of the seawall, single fish reefs with openings of different shapes and sizes are arranged to form a certain scale of intertidal zone biological habitat, which is conducive to creating a good ecological effect. This seawall ecological revetment structure is suitable for sea areas with high ecological requirements and relatively small wind and wave effects.

[0043] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned novel seawall ecological slope protection construction method specifically includes the following steps:

[0044] S1, measurement and layout.

[0045] According to the design requirements and plane position of the drawings, determine the layout position of the seawall structure on the beach and make marking lines.

[0046] S2, embankment filling.

[0047] According to the layout position, the existing beach surface is cleared and geotextile is laid, and mud-filled tube bags 1 are filled on the top of the geotextile according to the cross-section designed in the drawing.

[0048] S3, construction of foot protection stone cage.

[0049] Select gabions of reasonable size based on the wave elements in the sea area and the on-site terrain conditions, and arrange the corresponding number of gabions at the foot of the embankment according to the requirements of the drawings.

[0050] (4) Polyurethane gravel slope protection construction

[0051] First, the crushed stone aggregate is pretreated in the rear site. The stone is cleaned and dried using stone dryers, cyclone dust collectors, bag dust collectors and other equipment. The treated crushed stone is then screened through a vibrating screen to remove fine particles with a particle size of less than 10mm in the crushed stone. Finally, the crushed stone aggregate is packaged with canvas bags. After that, the pretreated crushed stone aggregate is used to prepare polyurethane crushed stone. Several 20L barrels and an electronic scale with a range of more than 50kg are prepared on site. According to the volume of the mixed aggregate, a certain amount of polyurethane material A and material B are weighed and mixed evenly with a handheld electric mixer within 2 minutes. After that, the canvas bag is lifted to the top of the mixer by a crane or forklift, the discharge port of the bag is opened, the aggregate is poured into the mixer, and then the polyurethane adhesive is added. The mixing time is controlled within 5 minutes. It must be ensured that after the mixing is completed, the surface of each aggregate is covered with a polyurethane film. Note that the mixer should be kept dry before construction, and no water should be mixed during the mixing process. This operation should be carried out as close to the slope protection site as possible to facilitate subsequent on-slope construction operations.

[0052] After the polyurethane crushed stone is produced, the slope is designed according to the drawing and a layer of geotextile is laid. Bag crushed stone is laid on the top of the geotextile. Finally, the aggregate mixed with polyurethane adhesive is transported to the construction site and spread within 20 minutes after mixing. During construction, a construction area is divided every 2 to 4 meters, and longitudinal wooden molds are erected. Construction lines are used between two wooden molds to control the thickness and flatness of the slope protection. After the aggregate is poured, it is quickly leveled with tools, and then the back of a shovel is used to pat and compact the mixture to ensure that the thickness of the mixture meets the design requirements. The mixture should avoid contact with moisture during the curing process.

[0053] After the polyurethane gravel slope is spread, compacted and inspected, maintenance should be started immediately. The maintenance time should be no less than 24 hours. During the maintenance period, the site should be closed and personnel should not be allowed to enter to prevent soil and oil from polluting the slope and the gravel slope from failing to reach the designed strength and being damaged.

[0054] (5) Construction of wave-breaking platform

[0055] First, a layer of geotextile is laid at the bottom of the platform, followed by a row of gabions at the corners, and then a layer of bagged gravel and protective pads made on site are laid.

[0056] (6) Wave wall construction

[0057] Geotextile and cushion layer are laid according to the measurement and layout, and then fiber reinforced plastic bars are tied according to the design section and reinforcement of the wave-breaking wall in the drawings. After the fiber reinforced plastic bars are tied, the formwork is erected, concrete is poured and cured.

[0058] (7) Construction of intertidal habitats

[0059] After the construction of the seawall structure is completed, individual fish reefs are prefabricated according to the drawings behind the construction site and transported to the construction site. The prefabricated individual fish reefs with different openings are then arranged at the foot of the seawall according to the drawings.

[0060] (8) Plant cultivation

[0061] After the construction of the seawall structure is completed, suitable plants are selected and planted on the polyurethane gravel slope protection to increase the overall ecology of the seawall.

[0062] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. A person of ordinary skill in the art can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure for ecological slope protection of a seawall, comprising a seawall body, characterized in that the seawall body is filled with mud-filled pipe bags, a wave-breaking wall is arranged on the top of the seawall body, a bagged gravel layer is laid on the slope of the seawall body, a polyurethane gravel slope protection is laid on the bagged gravel layer, a wave-breaking platform is arranged on the slope, a lattice stone cage is arranged at the corner between the wave-breaking platform and the slope, a foot-protecting stone cage is laid at the foot of the seawall body, and an intertidal zone biological habitat is arranged on the sea side of the foot-protecting stone cage.

2. The structure of the seawall ecological slope protection as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The polyurethane crushed stone slope protection is formed by crushed stone aggregates bonded by polyurethane adhesive to form a permeable bank protection structure.

3. The structure of the seawall ecological slope protection as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the wave-breaking wall is an L-shaped structure, and is made of fiber-reinforced plastic ribs and cast concrete.

4. The structure of the seawall ecological slope protection as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The wave-breaking platform is provided with a protective pad, which is a rectangular parallelepiped and is composed of a mesh woven with fiber-reinforced plastic ribs, including a cover plate, side plates, end plates, partition plates and a bottom plate, forming a plurality of partitioned spaces.

5. The structure of the seawall ecological slope protection as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The lattice gabion and foot-protecting gabion include an array of gabions, each of which is a cube and is composed of a mesh body woven with fiber-reinforced plastic bars, including a cover plate, a side plate, an end plate and a bottom plate.

6. The structure of the seawall ecological slope protection as claimed in any one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that: The mattress and the gabion are filled with pebbles, stone flakes or stone blocks, with a void ratio of no more than 30%, a strength grade of MU30, a specific gravity of no less than 2.5t / cubic meter, and a filling stone particle size of 100mm to 300mm.

7. The structure of the seawall ecological slope protection as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A single small ecological fish reef is arranged in the intertidal zone biological habitat. The single small ecological fish reef has openings of different shapes. Through the arrangement, a favorable habitat is provided for the intertidal zone organisms, thereby increasing the ecology of the seawall structure.

8. A construction method of the structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, survey and set out, determine the layout of the seawall structure on the beach according to the design requirements and plane position of the drawings, and make marking lines; S2, embankment filling: according to the layout position, the existing beach surface is cleared and geotextiles are laid, and mud-filled tube bags are filled on the top of the geotextiles according to the design section of the drawings; S3, footing gabion construction, select the gabions of reasonable size according to the wave elements of the sea area and the on-site terrain conditions, and arrange the corresponding number of gabions at the foot of the embankment according to the requirements of the drawings; S4, polyurethane crushed stone slope protection construction, make polyurethane crushed stone, then design the slope ratio according to the drawings, lay a layer of geotextile after leveling the slope, lay bagged crushed stone layer and polyurethane crushed stone on the top of the geotextile in sequence, and start maintenance immediately after laying and compacting the slope surface; S5, construction of wave-breaking platform, laying a geotextile at the bottom of the platform, and laying crushed stone cushion layer and protective gabion on the geotextile in sequence; S6, construction of wave-breaking wall. Geotextile and cushion layer are laid on the top of the slope according to the measurement and layout. Then the section and reinforcement of the wave-breaking wall are designed according to the drawings. After the fiber-reinforced plastic bars are tied, the concrete is poured in the formwork and maintained.

9. A construction method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The production process of the polyurethane gravel includes: Use stone dryers, cyclone dust collectors, bag dust collectors and other equipment to clean and dry the stones, and then screen the processed crushed stones through a vibrating screen; According to the volume of the mixed aggregate, a certain amount of polyurethane material A and material B are weighed, mixed evenly with the crushed stone, and then the polyurethane adhesive is added to mix to ensure that the surface of each piece of crushed stone aggregate is covered with a polyurethane film.

10. A construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The prepared polyurethane gravel is transported to the construction site for paving. During construction, a construction area is divided every 2 to 4 meters. Vertical wooden molds are erected, and construction lines are used between two wooden molds to control the thickness and flatness of the slope protection. After the aggregate is poured, it is quickly leveled with tools, and then the back of a shovel is used to pat and compact the mixture to ensure that the thickness of the mixture meets the design requirements.

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