Deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas cut monitoring device and transducer arrangement method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of deepwater oil and gas field drilling gas cut monitoring, and particularly relates to a deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas cut monitoring device and a transducer arrangement method thereof. According to the ultrasonic Doppler gas cut monitoring device, a brand-new ultrasonic Doppler transducer and transducer tool structure is designed, and the sound wave transmissivity between the ultrasonic Doppler transducer and the marine riser is improved, so that the ultrasonic Doppler gas cut monitoring device is more suitable for implementation working conditions of deepwater drilling seabed, more convenient to install and use and higher in monitoring efficiency. The deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas cut monitoring device comprises a transducer tool and a plurality of ultrasonic Doppler transducers, the transducer tool is composed of two annular straps; wherein the two annular strap bodies are both semicircular and are connected through bolts to form an integrated structure; a plurality of round holes are formed in the annular strap at equal intervals, and positioning pieces are welded in the round holes; a pressing piece is arranged at the positioning piece in a matched mode. The ultrasonic Doppler transducer is composed of a shell, a piezoelectric wafer, a backing layer and an oblique incidence acoustic wedge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of deepwater oil and gas field drilling gas invasion monitoring, and in particular relates to a deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas invasion monitoring device and a transducer deployment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Blowout risk is the biggest potential risk in offshore oil exploration and development. If gas invasion is not discovered and controlled in time, drilling fluid will overflow, eventually leading to serious accidents such as blowout. Therefore, gas invasion monitoring is of great significance to ensure the safety of drilling platform operations and the safety of life and property of operators.

[0003] The existing deepwater drilling gas invasion monitoring technology has evolved from the land drilling gas invasion monitoring technology, such as the mud pool liquid level increment method, the mud outlet velocity method, etc. Since deepwater drilling requires the use of a watertight pipe and the length of the watertight pipe can reach several thousand meters, the flow pattern and slip velocity of the drilling fluid in the watertight pipe change in a complex manner. Such traditional gas invasion monitoring methods have major defects such as delayed warning and low warning accuracy. Although the drilling gas invasion monitoring method has improved the timeliness and accuracy of warning, the technology is dominated by several foreign companies, and the technology introduction is difficult and costly. In contrast, the ultrasonic Doppler watertight pipe gas invasion monitoring technology has many advantages such as non-invasiveness, early warning time, high monitoring accuracy, and relatively low cost. It solves the shortcomings of the existing gas invasion monitoring technology, and therefore shows a better application prospect. It has attracted widespread attention from scholars at home and abroad and has become a research hotspot in deepwater drilling gas invasion monitoring technology.

[0004] After further research, it was found that the existing deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring technology usually uses two completely identical transducers, one as a transmitting transducer and the other as a receiving transducer. Specifically, the transducer is installed on the outer wall of the riser, and the transmitting transducer transmits ultrasonic waves into the riser, and the receiving transducer receives the ultrasonic waves reflected and scattered in the riser; the gas intrusion state in the riser is judged by comparing the Doppler frequency shift of the transmitted and received ultrasonic waves. It is worth noting that the ultrasonic Doppler transducer directly determines the monitoring effect, including monitoring accuracy and early warning timeliness. However, most of the ultrasonic transducers used in the existing technology are general-purpose transducers. Such transducers have low acoustic wave transmittance at the interface between the transducer and the riser, resulting in weak monitoring signals; in addition, such transducers are often unable to adapt to the implementation conditions of deepwater drilling seabed high pressure, resulting in the difficulty of installation and adaptability of the existing deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion device, which seriously restricts the accuracy of deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring and the timeliness of early warning.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent for technical personnel in this field to develop a non-invasive deepwater drilling riser external ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device and monitoring method to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device and a transducer deployment method thereof. The deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device is designed with a brand-new ultrasonic Doppler transducer and a transducer tooling structure, which improves the sound wave transmittance between the ultrasonic Doppler transducer and the watertight pipe, so that the ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device can better adapt to the implementation conditions of deepwater drilling on the seabed, and the installation and use are more convenient and the monitoring efficiency is higher. In addition, the deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device and the transducer deployment method thereof overcome many shortcomings in the existing ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring technology, and significantly improve the monitoring accuracy and early warning timeliness of the ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring technology.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a deep-water drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas invasion monitoring device, comprising: a transducer tooling and a plurality of ultrasonic Doppler transducers; The transducer tooling is composed of two annular hoops; wherein the two annular hoops are both semicircular and connected by bolts to form an integral structure; a plurality of circular holes are arranged on the annular hoops, and positioning pieces are welded in the circular holes; the positioning pieces are connected by threads, and a clamping piece is also arranged at the positioning pieces; The ultrasonic Doppler transducer is composed of a shell, a piezoelectric chip, a backing layer, and an oblique-incidence acoustic wedge; the front side of the piezoelectric chip is glued to the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge; a flange electrode is arranged on the back side of the piezoelectric chip, and the flange electrode is connected to the excitation source through a wire; the backing layer is solidified and arranged on the outer side of the flange electrode on the back side of the piezoelectric chip, which is used to protect the piezoelectric chip and absorb the ultrasonic waves emitted from the back side of the piezoelectric chip at the same time.

[0008] Preferably, the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge is in a right-angle trapezoidal structure; The front surface of the piezoelectric chip is glued to the inclined surface of the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge, and the geometric center of the piezoelectric chip coincides with the geometric center of the inclined surface of the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge; the geometric center of the bottom surface of the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge coincides with the geometric center of the bottom surface of the shell.

[0009] Preferably, a circle of steps is arranged on the top of the pressing member, and a torque groove is arranged on the step; a wire hole, a pouring hole, an exhaust hole and a wrench groove are arranged on the top of the shell; Among them, the perfusion hole is used to fill the internal space of the shell of the ultrasonic Doppler transducer with filler; the wire hole is used to pass the wire; the torque groove and the wrench groove cooperate with each other to fix the shell after the ultrasonic Doppler transducer is installed.

[0010] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for deploying a transducer of a deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device, comprising the following steps: Step S101: obtaining material parameters and geometric parameters of each structural unit in the working condition of the deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device and the deepwater drilling riser; Step S102: establishing a two-dimensional oblique section simulation model for ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring; Step S103: Calculate and obtain the sound pressure data in the deepwater drilling riser annulus sound field when there are different angles between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer; wherein the sound pressure data includes the sound pressure pT of the transmitting transducer sound field and the sound pressure pR of the receiving transducer sound field; Step S104: Calculate and obtain a monitoring range cloud map when there are different angles between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer; Based on the maximum monitoring range, the corresponding angles of the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer when the maximum monitoring range is obtained; Step S105: Based on the maximum monitoring range obtained in step S104 and the corresponding angle between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer when the maximum monitoring range is achieved, calculate the number of pairs of transmitting transducers and receiving transducers required to cover the entire deepwater drilling riser annulus and the setting method between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer pairs.

[0011] Preferably, in step S103, the optional range of the different angles between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer is 10° to 180°.

[0012] Preferably, the monitoring range cloud map calculated in step S104 is characterized by sensitivity S; Among them, the sensitivity S satisfies: Formula (1).

[0013] The present invention provides a deep-water drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device and a transducer deployment method thereof. The deep-water drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device includes: a transducer tooling and a plurality of ultrasonic Doppler transducers. The transducer tooling is composed of two annular hoops; the two annular hoops are both semicircular and are connected by bolts to form an integrated structure; a plurality of circular holes are arranged at equal intervals on the annular hoops, and positioning pieces are welded in the circular holes; through threaded connection, a clamping piece is also arranged at the positioning piece. The ultrasonic Doppler transducer is composed of a housing, a piezoelectric chip, a backing layer, and an oblique-incidence acoustic wedge; the front side of the piezoelectric chip is adhesively connected to the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge; a flange electrode is arranged at the back side of the piezoelectric chip, and the flange electrode is connected to the excitation source through a wire; the backing layer is solidified and arranged on the outside of the flange electrode on the back side of the piezoelectric chip to protect the piezoelectric chip.

[0014] The deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas invasion monitoring device and the transducer deployment method thereof having the above-mentioned structural features and step features have at least the following technical advantages compared with the prior art: (1) The deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring provided by the present invention is designed for the gas intrusion monitoring needs of deepwater drilling risers, adopts a new transducer tooling and a plurality of ultrasonic Doppler transducer structures, increases the sound wave transmittance between the transducer and the deepwater drilling riser, and improves the strength of the gas intrusion monitoring signal; (2) The deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring provided by the present invention has a transducer tooling that can meet the installation requirements of transducers at different positions, different numbers, and different incident angles. It has high installation efficiency and is easy to use, saving valuable drilling platform wellhead operation time. (3) The deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring provided by the present invention can be applied to the gas intrusion monitoring site of riser drilling operations at various depths and various drilling and production stages. The monitoring device structure can withstand the high pressure on the seabed and has good heat dissipation, which can significantly improve the monitoring accuracy and early warning timeliness of the ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring technology; (4) The ultrasonic Doppler transducer deployment method provided by the present invention determines the optimal ultrasonic Doppler transducer deployment scheme by establishing a two-dimensional oblique section simulation model for ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring, calculating the sound pressure data in the deepwater drilling riser annulus sound field when there are different angles between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer, and achieving full coverage monitoring of the riser annulus and reducing the false alarms and missed alarms of gas intrusion monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the following drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device outside the deepwater drilling riser provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transducer tooling; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning member; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pressing member; Figure 5 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the ultrasonic Doppler transducer corresponding to the mark A in the deepwater drilling riser external ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piezoelectric chip, the backing layer, and the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the curve of the acoustic impedance of the backing layer in the ultrasonic Doppler transducer changing with the mass fraction of porous silica; Figure 8is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shell; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the process of the deepwater drilling riser external ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring method provided by the present invention; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a two-dimensional oblique section simulation model for ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring is established; Fig.11 This is the monitoring range cloud diagram formed when the angle between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer is 30°; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation of the deployment scheme obtained by the deepwater drilling riser external ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring method provided by the present invention.

[0016] Figure numerals: 1. shell; 2. filler; 3. conductor; 4. backing layer; 5. piezoelectric chip; 6. oblique-incidence acoustic wedge; 7. ultrasonic Doppler transducer; 8. pressing piece; 9. positioning piece; 10. annular hoop; 11. installation position of ultrasonic Doppler transducer; 12. conductor hole; 13. injection hole; 14. exhaust hole; 15. wrench groove; 16. circular hole of annular hoop; 17. connecting hole of annular hoop; 18. chamfer of positioning piece; 19. torque groove; 20. drill pipe; 21. riser; 22. ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device outside deepwater drilling riser; 23. subsea blowout preventer group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention provides a deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device and a transducer deployment method thereof. The deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device is designed with a brand-new ultrasonic Doppler transducer and a transducer tooling structure, which improves the sound wave transmittance between the ultrasonic Doppler transducer and the watertight pipe, so that the ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device can better adapt to the implementation conditions of deepwater drilling on the seabed, and the installation and use are more convenient and the monitoring efficiency is higher. In addition, the deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device and the transducer deployment method thereof overcome many shortcomings in the existing ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring technology, and significantly improve the monitoring accuracy and early warning timeliness of the ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring technology.

[0018] The present invention provides a deep-water drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas invasion monitoring device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a transducer tooling and a plurality of ultrasonic Doppler transducers 7. The transducer tooling is composed of two annular bands 10. The ultrasonic Doppler transducer 7 is composed of a housing 1, a piezoelectric chip 5, a backing layer 4, and an oblique-incidence acoustic wedge 6.

[0019] Further, such as Figure 1 or Figure 2As shown, the two annular bands 10 are both semicircular and are connected by bolts (annular band connection holes 17) to form an integrated structure. Specifically, the transducer tooling formed by connecting the semicircular annular bands 10 is fitted on the outside of the deepwater drilling riser 21, thereby covering the entire outer wall range of the riser 21. Taking a deepwater drilling riser 21 with a diameter of 21 inches as an example, the outer wall radius of the riser 21 is about 266.7mm; here, it is preferred that the inner wall radius of the annular band 10 is slightly smaller than the outer wall radius of the riser 21, for example, the inner wall radius of the annular band 10 is selected to be 260mm.

[0020] In addition, if Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of circular holes are arranged on the annular hoop 10, and a positioning member 9 is welded in the circular hole. And, through a threaded connection, a pressing member 8 is also arranged at the positioning member 9. Figure 3 As shown, the positioning member 9 is used to place the ultrasonic Doppler transducer 7. As a preferred embodiment, during welding, the center of the threaded hole of the positioning member 9 can be selected to coincide with the center of the circular hole 16 of the annular band, and a positioning member chamfer 18 is provided at the edge of the side of the positioning member 9 (not in contact with the annular band). Figure 4 As shown in the figure, as a preferred implementation method of the present invention, a circle of steps is provided on the top of the pressing member 8, and a torque groove 19 is further provided on the step to fix the ultrasonic Doppler transducer 7. Among them, the parameter dimensions of the positioning member 9 or the pressing member 8 can be referred to as follows: the diameter of the threaded hole of the positioning member is 56mm, the thread height of the positioning member is 10mm, the inner hole diameter of the pressing member is 46mm, the thread height of the pressing member is 16mm, and the outer diameter of the step on the top of the pressing member is 64mm.

[0021] In addition, if Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the ultrasonic Doppler transducer 7 is composed of a housing 1, a piezoelectric chip 5, a backing layer 4, and an oblique-incidence acoustic wedge 6. The front side of the piezoelectric chip 5 is glued to the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge 6. A flange electrode is provided on the back side of the piezoelectric chip 5, and the flange electrode is connected to the excitation source through a wire 3; the backing layer 4 is solidified and arranged on the outside of the flange electrode on the back side of the piezoelectric chip 5, which is used to protect the piezoelectric chip and absorb the ultrasonic waves emitted from the back side of the piezoelectric chip.

[0022] It is worth noting that, as an optional implementation, Figure 6As shown, the piezoelectric chip 5 is made of PZT-5H dual-purpose transceiver material, and the flanged electrodes (positive and negative terminals) are set on the back of the piezoelectric chip 5. The backing layer 4 is made of epoxy resin and porous silica mixed in a certain mass ratio and then cured. The oblique-incidence acoustic wedge 6 is made of 6061 aluminum alloy. Specifically, after the front of the piezoelectric chip 5 and the inclined surface of the acoustic wedge are bonded with high-temperature resistant epoxy resin glue, the high-temperature resistant epoxy resin glue is heated for 30 minutes at a temperature of 60° to accelerate the curing of the high-temperature resistant epoxy resin glue. Then, the piezoelectric chip 5 is placed with the back side facing up at the bottom of a predetermined cylindrical silicone mold, and the uncured liquid backing layer material with a good ratio is injected into the mold. After the backing layer is cured on the back of the piezoelectric chip 5, it can be taken out.

[0023] As a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge 6 is preferably in a right-angle trapezoidal structure. The front surface of the piezoelectric chip 5 is glued to the inclined surface of the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge 6, and the geometric center of the piezoelectric chip 5 coincides with the geometric center of the inclined surface of the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge 6; the geometric center of the bottom surface of the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge 6 coincides with the geometric center of the bottom surface of the housing 1.

[0024] To facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention, a set of ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring devices applicable to a well in the South China Sea is provided as an example for explanation. First, determine and select the appropriate size of the piezoelectric chip 5. Specifically, the formula for calculating the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric chip of the ultrasonic Doppler transducer satisfies: ; (f is the resonant frequency, c1 is the speed of ultrasound in the drilling fluid, and d is the particle size of particles such as cuttings and bubbles in the drilling fluid). Taking the monitoring of particles with a particle size of 3mm as an example, the speed of ultrasound in the drilling fluid is 1500m / s, and the calculated resonant frequency is 500kHz. The formula for calculating the thickness of a cylindrical piezoelectric chip satisfies: ; (h is the thickness of the piezoelectric chip, c2 is the speed of sound in the piezoelectric chip). The speed of sound in the PZT-5H transceiver material is about 4000m / s, so the thickness of the piezoelectric chip 5 is calculated to be 4mm, and the diameter of the piezoelectric chip 5 is selected to be 25mm.

[0025] In addition, reference Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the curve of the change of the acoustic impedance of the backing layer with the mass fraction of porous silica in the ultrasonic Doppler transducer shown. Based on the principles of acoustic impedance matching and acoustic attenuation, technicians have found that the closer the acoustic impedance of the backing layer is to the acoustic impedance of the piezoelectric chip, the stronger its sound absorption effect and aftershock suppression effect. For example, when the acoustic impedance of the piezoelectric chip is 29.25 mrayl and the mass fraction of porous silica in the backing layer is 50%, the acoustic impedance is closest to the piezoelectric chip. Therefore, the mass ratio of epoxy resin and porous silica in the backing layer 4 is 1:1. The diameter of the backing layer 4 is selected to be the same as the diameter of the piezoelectric chip 5, which is 25 mm, and the thickness is 11 mm.

[0026] Finally, taking the riser 21 made of X80 steel as an example, the incident angle of the ultrasonic Doppler transducer oblique incident sound wedge should be less than the second critical angle. Among them, the calculation formula of the second critical angle satisfies: ; (α is the second critical angle, cL1 is the longitudinal wave speed in the sound wedge, cT2 is the transverse wave speed in the riser), the longitudinal wave speed in the sound wedge is 6174.2m / s, and the transverse wave speed in the riser is 3237.2m / s. When the sound wave is incident obliquely from the aluminum alloy sound wedge to the riser, there is no second critical angle, and the incident angle is selected as 30°.

[0027] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the sound intensity transmittance of the ultrasonic Doppler transducer satisfies: ; (Ti is the sound intensity transmittance, Zg is the acoustic impedance of the watertight pipe, and Zs is the acoustic impedance of the oblique incidence wedge). Among them, the acoustic impedance of the watertight pipe is 47.27 mrayl, and the acoustic impedance of the wedge is 16.67 mrayl, so the calculated sound intensity transmittance is 77.1%.

[0028] In addition, references such as Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the ultrasonic Doppler transducer housing. The top of the housing 1 is provided with a wire hole 12, a perfusion hole 13, an exhaust hole 14 and a wrench groove 15. It is worth noting that the perfusion hole 13 is used to fill the filler 2 into the inner space of the housing 1 of the ultrasonic Doppler transducer. The wire hole 12 is used to pass the wire 3. The torque groove 19 cooperates with the clamping piece wrench groove 15 to fix the housing after the ultrasonic Doppler transducer 7 is installed.

[0029] Specifically, the wire hole 12 of the ultrasonic Doppler transducer housing is selected as an M20 hole, and a watertight joint socket can be installed at the wire hole 12; the watertight joint socket is used to seal and protect the wire 3 passing through the housing. In addition, the technician injects the (high temperature resistant epoxy resin) filler 2 into the housing 1 through the injection hole 13, thereby filling the internal space of the housing 1. The exhaust hole 14 is used to exhaust the air between the housing 1 and the piezoelectric chip 5, the oblique incident acoustic wedge 6, and the backing layer 4 during the injection process. After the injected high temperature resistant epoxy resin is completely cured, the injection hole 13 and the exhaust hole 14 can be closed with bolts.

[0030] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for deploying a transducer of a deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the following steps are included: Step S101: obtaining material parameters and geometric parameters of each structural unit in the working condition of the deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device and the deepwater drilling riser.

[0031] It should be noted that each structural unit in the deepwater drilling riser working condition at least includes a drill pipe 20, drilling fluid and a riser 21. The density of the drill pipe is 2700.1 kg / m 3 , longitudinal wave velocity is 6174.2m / s, transverse wave velocity is 3101.9m / s, outer diameter is 140mm, wall thickness is 4.5mm; drilling fluid density is 998.2Kg / m 3 The longitudinal wave speed is 1481.4m / s, and there is no transverse wave in the drilling fluid; the density of the riser is 7860.3Kg / m 3 The longitudinal wave speed is 6013.9m / s, the transverse wave speed is 3237.2m / s, the outer diameter is 533.4mm, and the wall thickness is 25.4mm.

[0032] Step S102: establishing a two-dimensional oblique section simulation model for ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring.

[0033] On the basis of completing step S101, S102 is further implemented. Specifically, based on COMSOL Multiphysics finite element simulation software, an ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring two-dimensional oblique section simulation model is established. The constructed ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring two-dimensional oblique section simulation model can be referred to Fig.10 As shown. It should be noted that the two-dimensional beveled section simulation model for ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring is obtained by beveling a three-dimensional object. The angle between the beveled section and the horizontal plane is the same as the incident angle of the oblique incident sound wedge (here, 30° is selected). At the same time, during the bevel operation, ensure that the acoustic axis of the ultrasonic Doppler transducer emitting the sound beam is located within the beveled section.

[0034] The formed simulation model includes structural units such as the drill pipe 20, the watertight pipe 21, the drilling fluid, the transmitting transducer, the receiving transducer, etc., and the material and geometric parameters thereof are the same as those in the actual working conditions.

[0035] Step S103: Calculate and obtain the sound pressure data in the deepwater drilling riser annulus sound field when there are different angles between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer, wherein the sound pressure data includes the sound pressure pT of the transmitting transducer sound field and the sound pressure pR of the receiving transducer sound field.

[0036] On the basis of completing step S102, step S103 is further implemented. Specifically, as a preferred implementation of the present invention, the optional range of different included angles between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer is 10° to 180°.

[0037] In order to simplify the simulation calculation process of the sound pressure data in the deepwater drilling riser annulus sound field, the angle value is changed at equal intervals with a minimum angle change of 10°, and the sound pressure data in the deepwater drilling riser annulus sound field corresponding to the angle between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer in the range of 10° to 180° are calculated.

[0038] Step S104: Calculate and obtain a monitoring range cloud map when there are different angles between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer; Based on the maximum monitoring range, the corresponding angles of the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer when the maximum monitoring range is obtained.

[0039] On the basis of completing step S103, S104 is further implemented. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculated monitoring range cloud map is characterized by sensitivity S. Wherein, the sensitivity S satisfies: Formula (1).

[0040] After optimal calculation, when the maximum monitoring range is obtained, the corresponding angle between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer is 30°, and the monitoring range cloud diagram is as follows: Fig.11 It is worth noting that when the angle between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer is 30°, the monitoring range of the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer can reach 120°.

[0041] Step S105: Based on the maximum monitoring range obtained in step S104 and the corresponding angle between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer when the maximum monitoring range is achieved, calculate the number of pairs of transmitting transducers and receiving transducers required to cover the entire deepwater drilling riser annulus and the setting method between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer pairs.

[0042] based on Fig.11 The monitoring range cloud diagram formed when the angle between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer is 30° shows that when the angle is set to 30°, the monitoring range can reach 120°. Therefore, at least three pairs of transmitting transducers and receiving transducers are required to cover the entire riser annulus. Among them, the angle between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer pair is 120°, and the angle between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer in the same pair of transducers is 30°.

[0043] After obtaining the specific layout plan, the ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring process can be implemented. The details can be referred to as follows: (1) According to the above-mentioned ultrasonic Doppler transducer layout scheme, before the riser operation, three pairs of ultrasonic Doppler transducers are installed on the outer wall of the riser close to the seabed blowout preventer at the moon pool of the offshore drilling platform using transducer tooling, referring to Fig.12 ; (2) After installing the ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device on the outer wall of the deepwater drilling riser, use its built-in power supply to excite the transmitting transducer to transmit ultrasonic waves, and process the ultrasonic waves received by the receiving transducer. The ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device on the deepwater drilling riser uses wireless signal transmission to send the processed gas intrusion results to the drilling platform through hydroacoustic communication. Test whether the functions of the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer are normal. If the test function is normal, proceed to the next step; (3) The riser equipped with the ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device outside the deepwater drilling riser is lowered to the seabed for drilling operations. The ultrasonic Doppler transducer continuously works to monitor the gas intrusion status in the riser, and the drilling platform performs wellhead operations based on the gas intrusion monitoring results.

[0044] The present invention provides a deep-water drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device and a transducer deployment method thereof. The deep-water drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device includes: a transducer tooling and a plurality of ultrasonic Doppler transducers. The transducer tooling is composed of two annular hoops; the two annular hoops are both semicircular and are connected by bolts to form an integrated structure; a plurality of circular holes are arranged at equal intervals on the annular hoops, and positioning pieces are welded in the circular holes; through threaded connection, a clamping piece is also arranged at the positioning piece. The ultrasonic Doppler transducer is composed of a housing, a piezoelectric chip, a backing layer, and an oblique-incidence acoustic wedge; the front side of the piezoelectric chip is adhesively connected to the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge; a flange electrode is arranged at the back side of the piezoelectric chip, and the flange electrode is connected to the excitation source through a wire; the backing layer is solidified and arranged on the outside of the flange electrode on the back side of the piezoelectric chip to protect the piezoelectric chip.

[0045] The deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas invasion monitoring device and the transducer deployment method thereof having the above-mentioned structural features and step features have at least the following technical advantages compared with the prior art: (1) The deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring provided by the present invention is designed for the gas intrusion monitoring needs of deepwater drilling risers, adopts a new transducer tooling and a plurality of ultrasonic Doppler transducer structures, increases the sound wave transmittance between the transducer and the deepwater drilling riser, and improves the strength of the gas intrusion monitoring signal; (2) The deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring provided by the present invention has a transducer tooling that can meet the installation requirements of transducers at different positions, different numbers, and different incident angles. It has high installation efficiency and is easy to use, saving valuable drilling platform wellhead operation time. (3) The deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring provided by the present invention can be applied to the gas intrusion monitoring site of riser drilling operations at various depths and various drilling and production stages. The monitoring device structure can withstand the high pressure on the seabed and has good heat dissipation, which can significantly improve the monitoring accuracy and early warning timeliness of the ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring technology; (4) The ultrasonic Doppler transducer deployment method provided by the present invention determines the optimal ultrasonic Doppler transducer deployment scheme by establishing a two-dimensional oblique section simulation model for ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring, calculating the sound pressure data in the deepwater drilling riser annulus sound field when there are different angles between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer, and achieving full coverage monitoring of the riser annulus and reducing the false alarms and missed alarms of gas intrusion monitoring.

[0046] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. Deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas invasion monitoring device, characterized in that: Including: transducer tooling and multiple ultrasonic Doppler transducers; The transducer tooling is composed of two annular hoops; wherein the two annular hoops are both semicircular and connected by bolts to form an integral structure; a plurality of circular holes are arranged on the annular hoops, and positioning pieces are welded in the circular holes; the positioning pieces are connected by threads, and a clamping piece is also arranged at the positioning pieces; The ultrasonic Doppler transducer is composed of a shell, a piezoelectric chip, a backing layer, and an oblique-incidence acoustic wedge; the front side of the piezoelectric chip is glued to the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge; a flange electrode is arranged on the back side of the piezoelectric chip, and the flange electrode is connected to the excitation source through a wire; the backing layer is solidified and arranged on the outer side of the flange electrode on the back side of the piezoelectric chip, which is used to protect the piezoelectric chip and absorb the ultrasonic waves emitted from the back side of the piezoelectric chip at the same time.

2. The deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oblique-incidence acoustic wedge has a right-angle trapezoidal structure; The front surface of the piezoelectric chip is glued to the inclined surface of the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge, and the geometric center of the piezoelectric chip coincides with the geometric center of the inclined surface of the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge; the geometric center of the bottom surface of the oblique-incidence acoustic wedge coincides with the geometric center of the bottom surface of the shell.

3. The deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circle of steps is arranged on the top of the pressing piece, and a torque groove is arranged on the step; a wire hole, a pouring hole, an exhaust hole and a wrench groove are arranged on the top of the shell; Among them, the perfusion hole is used to fill the internal space of the shell of the ultrasonic Doppler transducer with filler; the wire hole is used to pass the wire; the torque groove and the wrench groove cooperate with each other to fix the shell after the ultrasonic Doppler transducer is installed.

4. A transducer deployment method for a deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S101: obtaining material parameters and geometric parameters of each structural unit in the working condition of the deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device and the deepwater drilling riser; Step S102: establishing a two-dimensional oblique section simulation model for ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring; Step S103: Calculate and obtain the sound pressure data in the deepwater drilling riser annulus sound field when there are different angles between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer; wherein the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer use the ultrasonic Doppler transducer structure in the deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3; the sound pressure data includes the sound pressure pT of the transmitting transducer sound field and the sound pressure pR of the receiving transducer sound field; Step S104: Calculate and obtain a monitoring range cloud map when there are different angles between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer; Based on the maximum monitoring range, the corresponding angles of the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer when the maximum monitoring range is obtained; Step S105: Based on the maximum monitoring range obtained in step S104 and the corresponding angle between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer when the maximum monitoring range is achieved, calculate the number of pairs of transmitting transducers and receiving transducers required to cover the entire deepwater drilling riser annulus and the setting method between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer pairs.

5. The transducer deployment method for deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S103, the optional range of different included angles between the transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer is 10° to 180°.

6. The transducer deployment method for deepwater drilling ultrasonic Doppler gas intrusion monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The monitoring range cloud map calculated in step S104 is characterized by sensitivity S; Among them, the sensitivity S satisfies: Formula (1).

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