Directional fracturing device and directional fracturing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a directional fracturing device and a directional fracturing method.The directional fracturing device comprises a delay controller, a storage structure and a plurality of directional fracturing pipes, the storage structure is used for storing liquefied gas, the storage structure is connected with the directional fracturing pipes, and the directional fracturing pipes are connected with the delay controller. The directional fracturing pipe is used for introducing liquefied gas into the directional fracturing pipe, the directional fracturing pipe is provided with an energy release hole, the delay controller is electrically connected with the directional fracturing pipe, and the delay controller is used for igniting the directional fracturing pipe and controlling the detonating sequence of the directional fracturing pipe. According to the directional fracturing device and the directional fracturing method, liquefied gas phase change, precise delay blasting and the directional fracturing technology are combined, and more efficient and safer blasting operation can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering and new blasting equipment, and in particular to a directional fracturing device and a directional fracturing method. Background Art

[0002] Blasting is an effective method for earthwork, open-pit mining and foundation pit excavation at this stage. However, the application of explosives is limited due to the risks, environmental pollution, regional restrictions and strict supervision. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a directional fracturing device and a directional fracturing method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. It combines liquefied gas phase change, precise delayed blasting and directional fracturing technology to achieve more efficient and safe blasting operations.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a directional fracturing device, comprising: a delay controller, a storage structure and a plurality of directional fracturing tubes, wherein the storage structure is used to store liquefied gas, the storage structure is connected to the directional fracturing tubes and is used to introduce liquefied gas into the directional fracturing tubes, the directional fracturing tubes are provided with energy discharge holes, the delay controller is electrically connected to the directional fracturing tubes, the delay controller is used to ignite the directional fracturing tubes and control the detonation sequence of the directional fracturing tubes.

[0006] Preferably, the directional fracturing tube comprises an outer shell, an inner tube, an absorption structure and an ignition wire, the inner tube is located inside the outer shell, the outer shell is provided with the energy discharge hole, the inner tube is provided with an absorption structure, the absorption structure is used to absorb liquefied gas, the ignition wire is located in the absorption structure, and the ignition wire is electrically connected to the delay controller.

[0007] Preferably, a liquid inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are provided in the inner tube, one end of the liquid inlet pipe extends into the bottom of the inner tube, the other end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the storage structure, one end of the air outlet pipe is located at the open end of the inner tube, and the other end of the air outlet pipe is connected to the atmosphere.

[0008] Preferably, there are a plurality of absorption structures, and the absorption structures correspond one-to-one to the ignition powder heads on the ignition wire.

[0009] Preferably, the absorbent structure is made of paper.

[0010] Preferably, a delay control chip is provided on the ignition line, and the delay control chip is electrically connected to the delay controller.

[0011] Preferably, it further comprises a liquid distributor, the storage structure is connected to the liquid distributor via a primary filling pipe, and the liquid distributor is connected to the directional fracturing tube via a secondary filling pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the liquefied gas is liquid oxygen.

[0013] Preferably, the angle between the axis of the directional fracturing tube and the horizontal plane is at least 10°.

[0014] The present invention also provides a directional fracturing method using the directional fracturing device, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Design the blasting network according to the size of the blasting area, blasting requirements and the lithology of the rock to be blasted, and analyze the reasonable delay time;

[0016] Step 2: making a directional fracturing pipe according to the construction plan;

[0017] Step 3: Complete the on-site drilling operation, and place the directional fracturing tube into the blasthole according to the directional fracturing direction;

[0018] Step 4: Connect the charging network and the blasting network to fill the blasthole;

[0019] Step 5: Set blasting parameters, set up alerts in the blasting area, evacuate personnel and items to be recovered outside the blasting area, and fill the directional fracturing pipe with liquefied gas;

[0020] Step six, after the liquefied gas is filled, start the delay controller to control the detonation.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0022] The present invention can realize directional fracturing and segmented blasting of liquefied gas phase change, reduce blasting costs and environmental pollution, improve blasting effects, and realize efficient gas phase change rock breaking. The advantages of the directional fracturing device and directional fracturing method of the present invention are: (1) combining liquefied gas phase change rock breaking with delayed blasting and directional fracturing; (2) the rock breaking method is simple, low in cost and low in pollution, can be applied on a large scale, and is not affected by the environment; (3) the damage direction can be controlled by delayed blasting and directional fracturing, and the blasting damage in the non-energy-gathering direction can be reduced; (4) it is safe during production, construction, and destruction, and duds do not need to be handled, and the gas can be evaporated and drained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the directional fracturing device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a directional fracturing tube according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the housing of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a flow chart of the directional fracturing method of the present invention;

[0028] In the figure: 1-liquid inlet pipe, 2-air outlet pipe, 3-ignition wire, 4-delay control chip, 5-ignition head, 6-absorption structure, 7-inner tube, 8-outer shell, 9-storage structure, 10-energy discharge hole, 11-first-level filling tube, 12-liquid distributor, 13-second-level filling tube, 14-delay controller, 15-directional fracturing tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a directional fracturing device and a directional fracturing method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. It combines liquefied gas phase change, precise delayed blasting and directional fracturing technology to achieve more efficient and safe blasting operations.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a directional fracturing device, including: a delay controller 14, a storage structure 9 and a plurality of directional fracturing tubes 15, the storage structure 9 is used to store liquefied gas, the liquefied gas is liquid oxygen, the storage structure 9 is connected to the directional fracturing tubes 15, and is used to introduce liquefied gas into the directional fracturing tubes 15, the directional fracturing tubes 15 are provided with energy discharge holes 10, the delay controller 14 is electrically connected to the directional fracturing tubes 15, the delay controller 14 is used to ignite the directional fracturing tubes 15, and control the detonation sequence of the directional fracturing tubes 15.

[0034] Specifically, in this embodiment, the directional fracturing tube 15 includes an outer shell 8, an inner tube 7, a plurality of absorption structures 6 and an ignition line 3. The inner tube 7 is located inside the outer shell 8. The inner tube 7 is a long cylindrical plastic sleeve made of PE material with a certain thickness. The outer shell 8 is a cylindrical structure of hard plastic. The outer shell 8 is used to protect the inner tube 7 and form a high-energy jet. The outer shell 8 is provided with energy release holes 10. The energy release holes 10 can be designed with corresponding hole width, hole length and hole distribution as required. The energy release holes 10 are used to release high-pressure gas in a directional manner. An absorption structure 6 is provided in the tube. The absorption structure 6 is cylindrical and made of paper. The absorption structure 6 is used to absorb liquefied gas. The ignition line 3 is located in the absorption structure 6. A delay control chip 4 and a plurality of ignition heads 5 are provided on the ignition line 3. The ignition head 5 is located in the absorption structure 6, and the absorption structure 6 corresponds to the ignition powder head one by one. The delay control chip 4 is electrically connected to the delay controller 14. The delay controller 14 outputs a micro-difference high-voltage current into different blasting networks. The blasting networks are connected in parallel with the delay controller 14. The delay time is set in the same blasting network through the delay control chip 4 at the front end of the ignition line 3. The ignition head 5 is the end of the blasting network. The ignition head 5 ignites the liquefied gas in the absorption structure 6 through the high-voltage current. After ignition, it burns violently to produce a large amount of heat and gas. The liquid oxygen quickly changes phase under the action of temperature and pressure to produce a large amount of gas. A large amount of gas will be discharged from the energy release hole 10 first. The rock at the energy release hole 10 is broken under the action of gas pressure. Then the high-pressure gas promotes the further development of rock cracks, realizing the directional fracturing technology.

[0035] In this embodiment, a liquid inlet pipe 1 and an air outlet pipe 2 are provided in the inner tube 7, one end of the liquid inlet pipe 1 extends into the bottom of the inner tube 7, the other end of the liquid inlet pipe 1 is connected to the storage structure 9, one end of the air outlet pipe 2 is located at the open end of the inner tube 7, and the other end of the air outlet pipe 2 is connected to the atmosphere. The liquefied gas in the storage structure 9 enters the inner tube 7 through the liquid inlet pipe 1, and the air in the inner tube 7 is discharged from the air outlet pipe 2 as the liquefied gas enters.

[0036] In this embodiment, the angle between the axis of the directional fracturing tube 15 and the horizontal plane is at least 10°, which is convenient for exhausting the air in the inner tube 7 .

[0037] This embodiment also includes a liquid separator 12, the storage structure 9 is connected to the liquid separator 12 through a primary filling pipe 11, and the liquid separator 12 is connected to the directional fracturing tube 15 through a secondary filling pipe 13; the primary filling pipe 11 is made of a stainless steel hose, and the secondary filling pipe 13 is made of a plastic pipe.

[0038] The directional fracturing tube 15 used in this embodiment belongs to the blasting equipment filled on site, and the construction materials are simple and there are no controlled items; the combustion heat release of the absorption structure 6 causes the gas to change phase quickly, and is ejected from the energy release hole 10 to form a high-pressure jet to break the rock, thereby realizing directional fracturing and controlling the rock damage in the non-energy-gathering direction; the delay controller 14 can release high-voltage current in different channels according to the set delay time, and each row of blasting stages is connected to the corresponding high-voltage channel, and different delay times are set by the delay control chip 4 in different stages; during the construction process, the delay controller 14 can control the delay time of the segmented blasting to realize micro-difference blasting in the hole, and the micro-difference blasting is used to realize the generation of a fracture field in the first blasting stage, and the later blasting stage can achieve better rock breaking effect based on the fracture field generated in the previous stage; the first-level filling tube 11, the liquid distributor 12, the rock controller and the storage structure 9 are located outside the blasting area; there are no safety hazards in the production, construction, destruction and other links; the second-level filling tube 13 is a disposable pipeline, which can avoid the risk caused by personnel entering the blasting area to recover the pipeline.

[0039] Embodiment 2

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a directional fracturing method using the directional fracturing device of embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Design the blasting network according to the size of the blasting area, blasting requirements and the lithology of the rock to be blasted, and analyze the reasonable delay time. The blasting network parameters should include the number of blasthole rows, blasthole depth, plugging depth, hole spacing, and row spacing. The plugging depth should be guaranteed to be no less than two meters to prevent the gas pressure from damaging the directional fracturing tube 15 during the filling process;

[0042] Step 2, manufacturing the directional fracturing tube 15 by combining the blasting network and blasting parameters, for example, the direction of the energy release hole 10 and the size of the directional fracturing tube 15;

[0043] Step three, complete the on-site drilling operation, assemble the directional fracturing tube 15 in advance at the assembly site, adopt the bottom-in and top-out liquid inlet and exhaust structure, distribute the ignition head 5 in the absorption structure 6, first put the outer shell 8 into the blasthole according to the directional fracturing direction, the size of the blasthole is slightly larger than the size of the outer shell 8, and the size of the outer shell 8 is slightly larger than the size of the inner tube 7, and then put the inner tube 7 with the absorption structure 6, the ignition line 3, the liquid inlet pipe 1 and the outlet pipe 2 into the outer shell 8, avoiding the problem of water ingress or insufficient filling caused by scratching the inner tube 7 during the placement process;

[0044] Step 4: Connect the charging network and the blasting network. When connecting the charging network and the blasting network, ensure that the blast holes are in parallel at the same stage. At the same time, check the connection status and fill the blast holes.

[0045] Step 5: Set blasting parameters, check the connection of on-site pipelines, set up warnings in the blasting area, evacuate personnel and items to be recovered outside the blasting area, and fill liquefied gas into the directional fracturing pipe 15. During the filling process, personnel should stay away from the storage structure 9, and the delay controller 14 should stay away from the storage structure 9;

[0046] Step six, wait for the blue gas to be discharged from the gas outlet pipe 2, close the filling valve, evacuate the storage structure 9, complete the filling of liquefied gas, start the delay controller 14 to control the detonation, evacuate the warning line after there is no falling rocks and no large amount of fog in the blasting area, recover the first-level filling pipe 11, and check the blasting effect.

[0047] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A directional fracturing device, characterized in that: include: A time delay controller, a storage structure and a plurality of directional fracturing tubes, wherein the storage structure is used to store liquefied gas, the storage structure is connected to the directional fracturing tubes and is used to introduce liquefied gas into the directional fracturing tubes, the directional fracturing tubes are provided with energy discharge holes, the time delay controller is electrically connected to the directional fracturing tubes, the time delay controller is used to ignite the directional fracturing tubes and control the detonation sequence of the directional fracturing tubes.

2. The directional fracturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional fracturing tube comprises an outer shell, an inner tube, an absorption structure and an ignition wire. The inner tube is located inside the outer shell. The outer shell is provided with the energy discharge hole. The inner tube is provided with an absorption structure for absorbing liquefied gas. The ignition wire is located in the absorption structure and is electrically connected to the delay controller.

3. The directional fracturing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A liquid inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are provided in the inner tube, one end of the liquid inlet pipe extends into the bottom of the inner tube, the other end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the storage structure, one end of the air outlet pipe is located at the open end of the inner tube, and the other end of the air outlet pipe is connected to the atmosphere.

4. The directional fracturing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are a plurality of absorption structures, and the absorption structures correspond one-to-one to the ignition powder heads on the ignition wire.

5. The directional fracturing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The absorbent structure is made of paper.

6. The directional fracturing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A delay control chip is arranged on the ignition line, and the delay control chip is electrically connected to the delay controller.

7. The directional fracturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a liquid distributor, the storage structure is connected to the liquid distributor through a primary filling pipe, and the liquid distributor is connected to the directional fracturing tube through a secondary filling pipe.

8. The directional fracturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquefied gas is liquid oxygen.

9. The directional fracturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the axis of the directional fracturing tube and the horizontal plane is at least 10°.

10. A directional fracturing method using the directional fracturing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Design the blasting network according to the size of the blasting area, blasting requirements and the lithology of the rock to be blasted, and analyze the reasonable delay time; Step 2: making a directional fracturing pipe according to the construction plan; Step 3: Complete the on-site drilling operation, and place the directional fracturing tube into the blasthole according to the directional fracturing direction; Step 4: Connect the charging network and the blasting network to fill the blasthole; Step 5: Set blasting parameters, set up alerts in the blasting area, evacuate personnel and items to be recovered outside the blasting area, and fill the directional fracturing pipe with liquefied gas; Step six, after the liquefied gas is filled, start the delay controller to control the detonation.

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