Intelligent power grid safety early warning system and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent power grid safety early warning system and a monitoring method in the technical field of intelligent power grids, which are used for solving the problem of safety early warning and monitoring function defects of the existing imperfect intelligent power grids, and comprise an information acquisition unit, a data management unit, an abnormity analysis unit and a safety early warning unit, the method comprises the steps of collecting power grid real-time data and line equipment data; constructing an adjacent matrix and a target matrix, calculating and analyzing to obtain a node weight and a target correlation degree, and analyzing by using a discrete model to obtain a dispersion index; a data evaluation value is obtained, and a data abnormal value is obtained through analysis; and generating intelligent power grid safety early warning information and a disaster recovery strategy according to the data abnormal value and the line equipment data. By constructing an intelligent power grid monitoring and early warning system, power grid equipment with potential safety problems is predicted in real time, the operation and maintenance efficiency is improved, the method can be suitable for power grid systems of different scales, the influence of faults on power grid operation is reduced, and large-area power failure events are effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of smart grids, and in particular relates to a smart grid security early warning system and a corresponding method for performing security monitoring on the smart grid using the system. Background Art

[0002] The traditional power grid or power grid "1.0" refers to the power system composed of substations and transmission and distribution lines of various voltage levels, also known as the power grid, which mainly includes three components: substation, transmission and distribution. The task of the power grid is mainly to change the voltage of the electric energy generated by the power generation device and to transmit and distribute it, and finally deliver the electric energy to the market users.

[0003] Smart grid, also known as "Grid 2.0", is built on an integrated, high-speed two-way communication network. It achieves the goals of a safe, reliable, economical, efficient, environmentally friendly, and friendly grid through the application of advanced sensing and measurement technology, advanced equipment technology and control methods, and decision-making support system technology. Its main features include self-healing, incentivizing and protecting users, resisting attacks, providing power quality that meets user needs, allowing access to various forms of power generation, and enabling optimized and efficient operation of the power market and assets.

[0004] The traditional power grid can be said to be basically a one-way transmission open-loop system without user feedback, because the traditional power grid only has three components: substation, transmission, and distribution, and completely neglects the supervision of user behavior. However, the daily operation safety of the power grid, in addition to objective factors such as the failure of the power equipment itself, the daily power consumption behavior of users also poses a security threat to the safe operation of the power grid that cannot be ignored. At present, the monitoring and early warning of such security threats mainly rely on the daily inspections of power grid staff, that is, only based on the superficial interpretation of power equipment operation data, with low work efficiency and high labor costs, and will continue to increase with the increase of power grid layout, which is not conducive to the sustainable monitoring and maintenance of the power grid in the power system.

[0005] Smart grid is a two-way feedback closed-loop system that adds the fourth element of the power grid, "user", and can better adapt to the trend of the times of the new concept of "Internet of Things". However, the construction of smart grid is still very imperfect, especially the safety warning and monitoring functions of smart grid still have many problems, such as: due to the wide distribution of smart grid substation equipment, it is difficult for inspectors to conduct comprehensive maintenance and inspection of smart grid substation equipment within a limited time, and substation equipment failures are prone to occur; line maintenance mainly adopts fault isolation method, which relies entirely on manual search for transmission and distribution line fault points, with low troubleshooting efficiency and long power outage time, which is difficult to meet user needs; in addition, it neglects user behavior safety monitoring and warning, which invisibly further increases the difficulty of supervising the safe operation of the power grid system; therefore, it is urgent to find a more efficient smart grid safety warning system and monitoring method to better serve the rapid promotion and application of smart grids. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention proposes a smart grid safety early warning system and monitoring method to solve technical problems existing in existing smart grids, such as imperfect safety early warning function of the power grid system, low intelligence level of system safety monitoring, and excessive dependence of power grid safety inspection on electricians.

[0007] In view of the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A smart grid safety early warning system comprises an information collection unit, a data management unit, an abnormality analysis unit and a safety early warning unit.

[0009] The information collection unit is used to collect real-time data of the power grid and line equipment data, and transmit the stored multi-dimensional historical data information of the power grid to the data management unit so as to analyze and obtain safety prediction data of the power grid operation;

[0010] The data management unit is used to randomly select target sampling points from the multi-dimensional historical data of the power grid, and select several adjacent sampling points thereof using the Euclidean distance, construct an adjacent matrix and a target matrix, and calculate and analyze to obtain node weights and target correlations; then, the adjacent sampling points are updated to the target sampling points in sequence, the node weights are recalculated to construct an adjacency matrix, and the target correlation is calculated to construct a dimension matrix, and then the dimension correlation index is analyzed to obtain the dimension correlation index; the data management unit can also obtain the periodicity index based on the analysis of the multi-dimensional historical data of the power grid, and obtain the discreteness index using the discrete model analysis;

[0011] The abnormal analysis unit is used to import the dimension correlation index, the periodicity index and the dispersion index into the evaluation model to obtain the data evaluation value, and input the data evaluation value, the real-time data of the power grid and the safety prediction data into the abnormal model to analyze and obtain the data abnormal value;

[0012] The security warning unit is used to generate smart grid security warning information and disaster recovery strategy according to the data abnormal value and the line equipment data;

[0013] Furthermore, the safety warning unit includes a determination module, an evaluation module, a capture module and a control terminal;

[0014] The determination module is used to receive the real-time data of the power grid stored in the information acquisition unit, and set a power grid safety determination threshold, and compare the power grid safety determination threshold with the real-time data of the power grid to determine whether the operation status of the power grid is safe;

[0015] The evaluation module is used to receive and analyze the power grid security risk according to the power grid operation status determination result generated by the determination module, and to evaluate the real-time security trend of the power grid based on the power grid security risk analysis result;

[0016] The capture module is used to traverse the real-time security trend of the power grid obtained by the evaluation module, timely capture the power grid security risk analysis results with a deterioration trend, and send the corresponding real-time data of the power grid with a deterioration trend to the control terminal;

[0017] The control terminal is used to read the real-time data of the power grid fed back by the capture module. When receiving the real-time data of the power grid with a deterioration trend sent by the capture module, it is determined that there is a security threat to the operation of the power grid and a security warning signal is issued.

[0018] Furthermore, the information collection unit includes a substation equipment monitoring platform, a transmission and distribution line monitoring platform, and a user behavior monitoring platform;

[0019] The substation equipment monitoring platform includes a substation node acquisition module, an equipment status assessment module and a regional image acquisition module;

[0020] The substation node acquisition module is used to obtain substation nodes in each region, and obtain transformer capacity information, substation load information, number of substation equipment and equipment service life of substations of different voltage levels;

[0021] The equipment status evaluation module is used to monitor each substation node equipment, obtain equipment monitoring data of each substation, and perform status evaluation on the equipment monitoring data to determine equipment status information;

[0022] The regional image acquisition module is used to acquire images of each regional substation node through a drone to obtain regional image information of each node.

[0023] Furthermore, the power transmission and distribution line monitoring platform includes a power grid line division module, a line voltage detection module, a detection point layout module and a line current acquisition module;

[0024] The power grid line division module is used to divide the power lines in the distribution network, divide the distribution network into various power lines according to the power lines of different branches, number each power line in the distribution network in sequence according to the set order, and send the number to the line voltage detection module; at the same time, according to the position of each pole on the power line, divide each power line in the distribution network into several line areas, and number each line area in sequence to form a number set of each line area, and send it to the detection point layout module;

[0025] The line voltage detection module is used to receive the numbers of each power line in the distribution network sent by the power grid line division module, and to perform real-time detection on the branch start voltage and branch terminal voltage of each power line in the distribution network through a plurality of voltage sensors, and to count the branch start voltage and branch terminal voltage of each power line to form a corresponding branch start voltage set and terminal voltage set, and send them to the data management unit;

[0026] The detection point layout module is used to receive the set of numbers of each line area sent by the power grid line division module, layout the detection points for each received line area, count the detection point position numbers of each line area, form a set of detection point position numbers of each line area on each power line in the distribution network, and send it to the line current acquisition module;

[0027] The line current acquisition module is used to receive the detection point position number set of each line area sent by the detection point layout module, extract the current detected at the detection point position of each line area, count the current of each line area, form a current set of each line area on each power line in the distribution network, and send it to the data management unit.

[0028] Furthermore, the user behavior monitoring platform includes a power-on identification module, a load acquisition module and a user control center;

[0029] The power-on identification module is used to identify whether the power-consuming equipment connected to each user branch circuit is in a power-on state, and to identify the power used by the power-consuming equipment, and to transmit the state signal and power signal of the power-consuming equipment to the load acquisition module;

[0030] The load acquisition module is used to store the maximum design load power of each power branch circuit, receive the power equipment status signal and power signal sent by the power-on identification module, monitor the real-time load power of each user branch circuit, and transmit the real-time load power signal to the user control center;

[0031] The user control center is used to obtain the real-time load power signal sent by the load acquisition module, analyze the abnormal fluctuation value of each user branch circuit in each inspection cycle, and send the analyzed abnormal fluctuation value of the user branch circuit to the data management unit.

[0032] Further, the data management unit includes a working relationship building module, a line map building module, a line voltage analysis module, and a line current analysis module;

[0033] The working relationship building module is used to obtain substation equipment information in substations of different voltage levels, and build corresponding substation working relationships based on the substation equipment information;

[0034] The line map construction module is used to construct a smart grid line map according to the substation working relationship and the image information of each node area;

[0035] The line voltage analysis module is used to receive the branch start voltage set and the branch terminal voltage set of each power line in the distribution network sent by the line voltage detection module, calculate the voltage difference of each power line in the distribution network, count the voltage difference of each power line in the distribution network, form a voltage difference set of each power line in the distribution network, and send voltage anomaly information to the anomaly analysis unit;

[0036] The line current analysis module is used to extract the current set of each line area on each power line in the distribution network sent by the line current acquisition module according to the number of each power line of the voltage abnormality information, extract the current of each line area on each power line with voltage abnormality in the distribution network, form a current set of each line area, and send it to the abnormality analysis unit.

[0037] Furthermore, the abnormality analysis unit includes an equipment aging assessment module, an assessment result correction module, an early warning judgment analysis module and an analysis server;

[0038] The equipment aging assessment module is used to receive substation load information and equipment service life, assess the aging degree of the equipment, and determine the preliminary assessment results of equipment aging; based on the equipment monitoring data of each substation node, combined with the data recorded within a preset time range, the equipment operating status is assessed to obtain the operating aging assessment results;

[0039] The evaluation result correction module is used to correct the preliminary equipment aging evaluation result using the operation aging evaluation result to determine the equipment aging result;

[0040] The warning judgment and analysis module is used to determine the warning requirements according to the obtained equipment working connection relationship and equipment aging results; when the equipment aging results meet the warning requirements, the equipment aging warning information is sent to the safety warning unit;

[0041] The analysis server is used to receive the current set of each line area sent by the line current analysis module, extract the standard current on the power line in the distribution network stored in the storage database, calculate the current difference of each line area on each power line with abnormal voltage in the distribution network, count the current difference of each line area on each power line with abnormal voltage in the distribution network, and send it to the safety warning unit.

[0042] In addition, the present invention also provides a smart grid security monitoring method, which is mainly based on the above-mentioned smart grid security early warning system to perform security monitoring on the smart grid, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0043] Step 1: Collect and store real-time grid data through the information collection unit, including substation monitoring data, transmission and distribution line monitoring data, and user behavior monitoring data, and transmit the stored multi-dimensional historical data information of the grid to the data management unit;

[0044] Step 2: randomly select target sampling points from the multi-dimensional historical data of the power grid through the data management unit, and select several adjacent sampling points using the Euclidean distance to construct an adjacent matrix and a target matrix, and calculate and analyze to obtain node weights and target correlations; then update the adjacent sampling points to the target sampling points in turn, recalculate the node weights to construct an adjacency matrix, and calculate the target correlation to construct a dimension matrix, and then analyze to obtain dimension correlation indicators; the data management unit can also obtain periodic indicators based on the analysis of the multi-dimensional historical data of the power grid, and obtain discrete indicators using a discrete model analysis;

[0045] Step 3: Import dimension correlation index, periodicity index and dispersion index into the evaluation model through the abnormal analysis unit to obtain data evaluation value, and input the data evaluation value, real-time data of power grid and safety prediction data into the abnormal model to analyze and obtain data abnormal value, including abnormal fluctuation value data of each user branch line circuit, abnormal difference data of line voltage, abnormal difference data of line current, fluctuation of substation load information and aging assessment result of substation node equipment;

[0046] Step 4, the security warning unit generates smart grid security warning information and disaster recovery strategies according to the data abnormal values ​​and the line equipment data; the security warning unit receives the real-time grid data stored in the information acquisition unit, and sets a grid security judgment threshold, compares the grid security judgment threshold with the real-time grid data, and then determines whether the grid operation status is safe, evaluates the real-time grid security trend, captures the real-time grid security risk data with a deterioration trend, and when the control terminal receives the real-time grid security risk data sent by the capture module, it determines that there is a security threat to the grid operation and sends a security warning signal.

[0047] The beneficial effects that the present invention can achieve are:

[0048] 1. By calculating the maintenance data statistics of each user's branch circuit in the past inspection cycle, the branch circuit maintenance sequence is arranged and safety warnings are issued, so that a two-way closed-loop system is formed between the user and the power supply network. The impact of historical fault records and user behavior on the load power fluctuation of the branch circuit is comprehensively considered, which is conducive to timely discovering the fault point during the maintenance process and eliminating the fault, reducing the power grid failure time and reducing the losses caused by power grid failure.

[0049] 2. By dividing the power lines in the distribution network, detecting the starting and terminal voltages of the branches of each power line, calculating the voltage difference of the power line, and analyzing whether the line voltage is abnormal, the lag of monitoring information can be avoided; and the numbers of each power line with abnormal voltage in the distribution network are counted, laying the foundation for the later analysis of abnormal areas of the distribution network lines; and by arranging detection points in each section of the line area on the power line, the current of each section of the line area is obtained, and the current difference of the line area with abnormal voltage is calculated, the line area numbers of line breaks and line short circuits are counted, and corresponding safety warning prompts are issued, which is conducive to improving the fault detection efficiency of the distribution network, reducing power outage time, and meeting electricity demand.

[0050] 3. By acquiring the information of substation equipment in substations of different voltage levels in each regional substation node, a working relationship is established; the status of the substation equipment monitoring data is evaluated to determine the equipment status information, and combined with the equipment monitoring data, fault analysis is performed through the fault evaluation model to obtain the fault assessment result. When the fault assessment result meets the warning conditions, fault warning information is generated, realizing comprehensive perception, dynamic analysis, safety warning and fault diagnosis of the power grid substation equipment status, and improving the fault detection and scenario adaptability of the substation equipment.

[0051] 4. By collecting real-time operation data of the power grid, the operation status of the power grid is continuously judged, the manual management cost is reduced, and the real-time safety monitoring process of the power grid is made more intelligent, accurate and reliable; when judging the safety of the power grid based on the real-time operation data of the power grid, multiple groups of power transmission safety judgment thresholds are set, so that the system operation can make more accurate judgments on the real-time safety status warning of the power grid, so as to improve the robustness of the system operation and avoid the security threats of the power grid; and after the security trend assessment of the power grid is made, the security trend of the power grid obtained by continuous assessment can be used to generate trend graphs, provide data support for the operation of modules in the system, and provide convenient visualization data for the power grid system monitoring personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the smart grid security early warning system in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the smart grid security monitoring method in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, a smart grid safety early warning system includes an information collection unit 100, a data management unit 200, an abnormality analysis unit 300 and a safety early warning unit 400.

[0058] The information collection unit is used to collect real-time data of the power grid and line equipment data, and transmit the stored multi-dimensional historical data information of the power grid to the data management unit so as to analyze and obtain safety prediction data of the power grid operation;

[0059] The data management unit is used to randomly select target sampling points from the multi-dimensional historical data of the power grid, and select several adjacent sampling points thereof using the Euclidean distance, construct an adjacent matrix and a target matrix, and calculate and analyze to obtain node weights and target correlations; then, the adjacent sampling points are updated to the target sampling points in sequence, the node weights are recalculated to construct an adjacency matrix, and the target correlation is calculated to construct a dimension matrix, and then the dimension correlation index is analyzed to obtain the dimension correlation index; the data management unit can also obtain the periodicity index based on the analysis of the multi-dimensional historical data of the power grid, and obtain the discreteness index using the discrete model analysis;

[0060] The abnormal analysis unit is used to import the dimension correlation index, the periodicity index and the dispersion index into the evaluation model to obtain the data evaluation value, and input the data evaluation value, the real-time data of the power grid and the safety prediction data into the abnormal model to analyze and obtain the data abnormal value;

[0061] The security warning unit is used to generate smart grid security warning information and disaster recovery strategy according to the data abnormal value and the line equipment data;

[0062] Specifically, the safety warning unit includes a determination module 401, an evaluation module 402, a capture module 403 and a control terminal 404;

[0063] The determination module is used to receive the real-time data of the power grid stored in the information acquisition unit, and set a power grid safety determination threshold, and compare the power grid safety determination threshold with the real-time data of the power grid to determine whether the operation status of the power grid is safe;

[0064] The evaluation module is used to receive and analyze the power grid security risk according to the power grid operation status determination result generated by the determination module, and to evaluate the real-time security trend of the power grid based on the power grid security risk analysis result;

[0065] The capture module is used to traverse the real-time security trend of the power grid obtained by the evaluation module, timely capture the power grid security risk analysis results with a deterioration trend, and send the corresponding real-time data of the power grid with a deterioration trend to the control terminal;

[0066] The control terminal is used to read the real-time data of the power grid fed back by the capture module. When receiving the real-time data of the power grid with a deterioration trend sent by the capture module, it is determined that there is a security threat to the operation of the power grid and a security warning signal is issued.

[0067] Specifically, the information collection unit includes a substation monitoring platform 101, a transmission and distribution line monitoring platform 102, and a user behavior monitoring platform 103;

[0068] The substation equipment monitoring platform includes a substation node acquisition module 1011, an equipment status assessment module 1012 and a regional image acquisition module 1013;

[0069] The substation node acquisition module is used to obtain substation nodes in each region, and obtain transformer capacity information, substation load information, number of substation equipment and equipment service life of substations of different voltage levels;

[0070] The equipment status evaluation module is used to monitor each substation node equipment, obtain equipment monitoring data of each substation, and perform status evaluation on the equipment monitoring data to determine equipment status information;

[0071] The regional image acquisition module is used to acquire images of each regional substation node through a drone to obtain regional image information of each node.

[0072] Specifically, the power transmission and distribution line monitoring platform includes a power grid line division module 1021, a line voltage detection module 1022, a detection point layout module 1023 and a line current acquisition module 1024;

[0073] The power grid line division module is used to divide the power lines in the distribution network, divide the distribution network into various power lines according to the power lines of different branches, number each power line in the distribution network in sequence according to the set order, and send the number to the line voltage detection module; at the same time, according to the position of each pole on the power line, divide each power line in the distribution network into several line areas, and number each line area in sequence to form a number set of each line area, and send it to the detection point layout module;

[0074] The line voltage detection module is used to receive the numbers of each power line in the distribution network sent by the power grid line division module, and to perform real-time detection on the branch start voltage and branch terminal voltage of each power line in the distribution network through a plurality of voltage sensors, and to count the branch start voltage and branch terminal voltage of each power line to form a corresponding branch start voltage set and terminal voltage set, and send them to the data management unit;

[0075] The detection point layout module is used to receive the set of numbers of each line area sent by the power grid line division module, layout the detection points for each received line area, count the detection point position numbers of each line area, form a set of detection point position numbers of each line area on each power line in the distribution network, and send it to the line current acquisition module;

[0076] The line current acquisition module is used to receive the detection point position number set of each line area sent by the detection point layout module, extract the current detected at the detection point position of each line area, count the current of each line area, form a current set of each line area on each power line in the distribution network, and send it to the data management unit.

[0077] Specifically, the user behavior monitoring platform includes a power-on identification module 1031, a load collection module 1032 and a user control center 1033;

[0078] The power-on identification module is used to identify whether the power-consuming equipment connected to each user branch circuit is in a power-on state, and to identify the power used by the power-consuming equipment, and to transmit the state signal and power signal of the power-consuming equipment to the load acquisition module;

[0079] The load acquisition module is used to store the maximum design load power of each power branch circuit, receive the power equipment status signal and power signal sent by the power-on identification module, monitor the real-time load power of each user branch circuit, and transmit the real-time load power signal to the user control center;

[0080] The user control center is used to obtain the real-time load power signal sent by the load acquisition module, analyze the abnormal fluctuation value of each user branch circuit in each inspection cycle, and send the analyzed abnormal fluctuation value of the user branch circuit to the data management unit.

[0081] Specifically, the data management unit includes a working relationship building module 201, a line map building module 202, a line voltage analysis module 203, and a line current analysis module 204;

[0082] The working relationship building module is used to obtain substation equipment information in substations of different voltage levels, and build corresponding substation working relationships based on the substation equipment information;

[0083] The line map construction module is used to construct a smart grid line map according to the substation working relationship and the image information of each node area;

[0084] The line voltage analysis module is used to receive the branch start voltage set and the branch terminal voltage set of each power line in the distribution network sent by the line voltage detection module, calculate the voltage difference of each power line in the distribution network, count the voltage difference of each power line in the distribution network, form a voltage difference set of each power line in the distribution network, and send voltage anomaly information to the anomaly analysis unit;

[0085] The line current analysis module is used to extract the current set of each line area on each power line in the distribution network sent by the line current acquisition module according to the number of each power line of the voltage abnormality information, extract the current of each line area on each power line with voltage abnormality in the distribution network, form a current set of each line area, and send it to the abnormality analysis unit.

[0086] Specifically, the abnormality analysis unit includes an equipment aging assessment module 301, an assessment result correction module 302, an early warning judgment analysis module 303 and an analysis server 304;

[0087] The equipment aging assessment module is used to receive substation load information and equipment service life, assess the aging degree of the equipment, and determine the preliminary assessment results of equipment aging; based on the equipment monitoring data of each substation node, combined with the data recorded within a preset time range, the equipment operating status is assessed to obtain the operating aging assessment results;

[0088] The evaluation result correction module is used to correct the preliminary equipment aging evaluation result using the operation aging evaluation result to determine the equipment aging result;

[0089] The warning judgment and analysis module is used to determine the warning requirements according to the obtained equipment working connection relationship and equipment aging results; when the equipment aging results meet the warning requirements, the equipment aging warning information is sent to the safety warning unit;

[0090] The analysis server is used to receive the current set of each line area sent by the line current analysis module, extract the standard current on the power line in the distribution network stored in the storage database, calculate the current difference of each line area on each power line with abnormal voltage in the distribution network, count the current difference of each line area on each power line with abnormal voltage in the distribution network, and send it to the safety warning unit.

[0091] It should be noted that the various functional modules used in the present invention all belong to the existing technology in the field of smart grid technology, and the internal circuit settings and program logic principles of each module will not be described in detail here.

[0092] Example 2

[0093] like Figure 2 As shown, a smart grid security monitoring method is provided. The method performs security monitoring on the smart grid based on the smart grid security early warning system described in Example 1. The specific steps are as follows:

[0094] Step 1: Collect and store real-time grid data through the information collection unit, including substation monitoring data, transmission and distribution line monitoring data, and user behavior monitoring data, and transmit the stored multi-dimensional historical data information of the grid to the data management unit;

[0095] Step 2: randomly select target sampling points from the multi-dimensional historical data of the power grid through the data management unit, and select several adjacent sampling points using the Euclidean distance to construct an adjacent matrix and a target matrix, and calculate and analyze to obtain node weights and target correlations; then update the adjacent sampling points to the target sampling points in turn, recalculate the node weights to construct an adjacency matrix, and calculate the target correlation to construct a dimension matrix, and then analyze to obtain dimension correlation indicators; the data management unit can also obtain periodic indicators based on the analysis of the multi-dimensional historical data of the power grid, and obtain discrete indicators using a discrete model analysis;

[0096] Step 3: Import dimension correlation index, periodicity index and dispersion index into the evaluation model through the abnormal analysis unit to obtain data evaluation value, and input the data evaluation value, real-time data of power grid and safety prediction data into the abnormal model to analyze and obtain data abnormal value, including abnormal fluctuation value data of each user branch line circuit, abnormal difference data of line voltage, abnormal difference data of line current, fluctuation of substation load information and aging assessment result of substation node equipment;

[0097] Step 4, the security warning unit generates smart grid security warning information and disaster recovery strategies according to the data abnormal values ​​and the line equipment data; the security warning unit receives the real-time grid data stored in the information acquisition unit, and sets a grid security judgment threshold, compares the grid security judgment threshold with the real-time grid data, and then determines whether the grid operation status is safe, evaluates the real-time grid security trend, captures the real-time grid security risk data with a deterioration trend, and when the control terminal receives the real-time grid security risk data sent by the capture module, it determines that there is a security threat to the grid operation and sends a security warning signal.

[0098] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. Without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments, many modifications and changes are obvious to ordinary technicians in this technical field. Any technical deformation made within the spirit and principles of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart grid security early warning system, comprising an information collection unit, a data management unit, an abnormality analysis unit and a security early warning unit, characterized in that: The information collection unit is used to collect real-time data of the power grid and line equipment data, and transmit the stored multi-dimensional historical data information of the power grid to the data management unit; The data management unit is used to extract target sampling points and select adjacent sampling points from the multi-dimensional historical data of the power grid, and calculate and analyze the node weights and target correlation by constructing an adjacent matrix and a target matrix, and then analyze and obtain the dimension correlation index; the data management unit can also obtain the periodicity index based on the multi-dimensional historical data of the power grid, and obtain the discreteness index by using a discrete model analysis; The abnormal analysis unit is used to import the dimension correlation index, the periodicity index and the dispersion index into the evaluation model to obtain the data evaluation value, and input the data evaluation value, the real-time data of the power grid and the safety prediction data into the abnormal model to analyze and obtain the data abnormal value; The security warning unit is used to generate smart grid security warning information and disaster recovery strategy according to the data abnormal value and the line equipment data; The security warning unit determines the grid operation status by setting the grid security judgment threshold and comparing it with the real-time grid data. It can evaluate the real-time security trend of the grid and capture the real-time data of grid security risks with a deteriorating trend. When the control terminal receives the real-time data of grid security risks sent by the capture module, it can determine that there is a security threat to the grid operation and issue a security warning signal.

2. The smart grid security early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety warning unit includes a determination module, an evaluation module, a capture module and a control terminal; The determination module is used to receive the real-time data of the power grid stored in the information acquisition unit, and set a power grid safety determination threshold, and compare the power grid safety determination threshold with the real-time data of the power grid to determine whether the operation status of the power grid is safe; The evaluation module is used to receive and analyze the power grid security risk according to the power grid operation status determination result generated by the determination module, and to evaluate the real-time security trend of the power grid based on the power grid security risk analysis result; The capture module is used to traverse the real-time security trend of the power grid obtained by the evaluation module, timely capture the power grid security risk analysis results with a deterioration trend, and send the corresponding real-time data of the power grid with a deterioration trend to the control terminal; The control terminal is used to read the real-time data of the power grid fed back by the capture module. When receiving the real-time data of the power grid with a deterioration trend sent by the capture module, it is determined that there is a security threat to the operation of the power grid and a security warning signal is issued.

3. The smart grid security early warning system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The information collection unit includes a substation equipment monitoring platform, a transmission and distribution line monitoring platform, and a user behavior monitoring platform; The substation equipment monitoring platform includes a substation node acquisition module, an equipment status assessment module and a regional image acquisition module; The substation node acquisition module is used to obtain substation nodes in each region, and obtain transformer capacity information, substation load information, number of substation equipment and equipment service life of substations of different voltage levels; The equipment status evaluation module is used to monitor each substation node equipment, obtain equipment monitoring data of each substation, and perform status evaluation on the equipment monitoring data to determine equipment status information; The regional image acquisition module is used to acquire images of each regional substation node through a drone to obtain regional image information of each node.

4. The smart grid security early warning system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The power transmission and distribution line monitoring platform includes a power grid line division module, a line voltage detection module, a detection point layout module and a line current acquisition module; The power grid line division module is used to divide the power lines in the distribution network, number each power line in the distribution network in sequence according to a set order, and send the number to the line voltage detection module; at the same time, each power line in the distribution network is divided into a number of line areas, and each line area is numbered in sequence to form a number set of each line area, and sent to the detection point layout module; The line voltage detection module is used to receive the numbers of each power line in the distribution network sent by the power grid line division module, respectively detect the branch start voltage and branch terminal voltage of each power line in the distribution network in real time, count the branch start voltage and branch terminal voltage of each power line, respectively correspond to form a branch start voltage set and a terminal voltage set, and send them to the data management unit; The detection point layout module is used to receive the set of numbers of each line area sent by the power grid line division module, layout the detection points for each received line area, count the detection point position numbers of each line area, form a set of detection point position numbers of each line area on each power line in the distribution network, and send it to the line current acquisition module; The line current acquisition module is used to receive the detection point position number set of each line area sent by the detection point layout module, extract the current detected at the detection point position of each line area, count the current of each line area, form a current set of each line area on each power line in the distribution network, and send it to the data management unit.

5. The smart grid security early warning system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The user behavior monitoring platform includes a power-on identification module, a load acquisition module and a user control center; The power-on identification module is used to identify whether the power-consuming equipment connected to each user branch circuit is in a power-on state, and to identify the power used by the power-consuming equipment, and to transmit the state signal and power signal of the power-consuming equipment to the load acquisition module; The load acquisition module is used to store the maximum design load power of each power branch circuit, receive the power equipment status signal and power signal sent by the power-on identification module, monitor the real-time load power of each user branch circuit, and transmit the real-time load power signal to the user control center; The user control center is used to obtain the real-time load power signal sent by the load acquisition module, analyze the abnormal fluctuation value of each user branch circuit in each inspection cycle, and send the analyzed abnormal fluctuation value of the user branch circuit to the data management unit.

6. The smart grid security early warning system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The data management unit includes a working relationship building module, a line map building module, a line voltage analysis module, and a line current analysis module; The working relationship building module is used to obtain substation equipment information in substations of different voltage levels, and build corresponding substation working relationships based on the substation equipment information; The line map construction module is used to construct a smart grid line map according to the substation working relationship and the image information of each node area; The line voltage analysis module is used to receive the branch start voltage set and the branch terminal voltage set of each power line in the distribution network sent by the line voltage detection module, calculate the voltage difference of each power line in the distribution network, count the voltage difference of each power line in the distribution network, form a voltage difference set of each power line in the distribution network, and send voltage anomaly information to the anomaly analysis unit; The line current analysis module is used to extract the current set of each line area on each power line in the distribution network sent by the line current acquisition module according to the number of each power line of the voltage abnormality information, extract the line current difference of each line section on each power line with voltage abnormality in the distribution network, form a line current difference set of each line section, and send it to the abnormality analysis unit.

7. The smart grid security early warning system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The abnormal analysis unit includes an equipment aging assessment module, an assessment result correction module, an early warning judgment analysis module and an analysis server; The equipment aging assessment module is used to receive substation load information and equipment service life, assess the aging degree of the equipment, and determine the preliminary assessment results of equipment aging; based on the substation node equipment monitoring data, combined with the data recorded in a preset time range, the equipment operation status is assessed to obtain the operation aging assessment results; The evaluation result correction module is used to correct the preliminary equipment aging evaluation result using the operation aging evaluation result to determine the equipment aging result; The early warning judgment and analysis module is used to determine the early warning requirements according to the obtained equipment working connection relationship and equipment aging results; When the equipment aging result reaches the warning requirement, the equipment aging warning information is sent to the safety warning unit; The analysis server is used to receive the current set of each line area sent by the line current analysis module, extract the standard current on the power line in the distribution network stored in the storage database, calculate the current difference of each line area on each power line with abnormal voltage in the distribution network, count the current difference of each line area on each power line with abnormal voltage in the distribution network, and send it to the safety warning unit.

8. A smart grid security monitoring method, characterized in that: The method performs security monitoring on the smart grid based on the smart grid security early warning system according to claim 7, and the steps are as follows: Step 1: Collect and store real-time grid data through the information collection unit, including substation monitoring data, transmission and distribution line monitoring data, and user behavior monitoring data, and transmit the stored multi-dimensional historical data information of the grid to the data management unit; Step 2: randomly select target sampling points from the multi-dimensional historical data of the power grid through the data management unit, and select several adjacent sampling points using the Euclidean distance, construct an adjacent matrix and a target matrix, and calculate and analyze to obtain the node weight and target correlation; Then, the adjacent sampling points are updated to the target sampling points in turn, the node weights are recalculated to construct the adjacency matrix, and the target correlation is calculated to construct the dimension matrix, and then the dimension correlation index is analyzed. The data management unit can also obtain the periodicity index based on the multi-dimensional historical data of the power grid, and obtain the discreteness index by using the discrete model analysis. Step 3: Import dimension correlation index, periodicity index and dispersion index into the evaluation model through the abnormal analysis unit to obtain data evaluation value, and input the data evaluation value, real-time data of power grid and safety prediction data into the abnormal model to analyze and obtain data abnormal value, including abnormal fluctuation value data of each user branch line circuit, abnormal difference data of line voltage, abnormal difference data of line current, fluctuation of substation load information and aging assessment result of substation node equipment; Step 4: The security warning unit generates smart grid security warning information and disaster recovery strategy according to the data abnormal value and the line equipment data; The safety warning unit receives the real-time data of the power grid stored in the information collection unit, and sets a power grid safety judgment threshold. Based on the comparison between the power grid safety judgment threshold and the real-time data of the power grid, it further determines whether the operation status of the power grid is safe, evaluates the real-time safety trend of the power grid, and captures the real-time data of power grid safety risks with a deteriorating trend. When the control terminal receives the real-time data of power grid safety risks sent by the capture module, it determines that there is a security threat to the operation of the power grid and issues a safety warning signal.

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